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Andersons pediatric cardiology 293

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AnnotatedReferences
VanderLindeD,KoningsEE,SlagerMA,etal.
Birthprevalenceofcongenitalheartdisease
worldwide.Asystematicreviewandmetaanalysis.JAmCollCardiol.2011;58:2241–
2247.
Thisreviewincluded114papersandidentified
164,396casesofcongenitalheartdisease.
Overalltheprevalenceincreasedovertimefrom
the1930stothe1990sbutremainedstable
since.Asiahadthehighestprevalence.Observed
geographicdifferencesmayalsobeofgenetic,
environmental,socioeconomical,orethnic
origin..
RellerMD,StricklandMJ,Riehle-ColarussoT,et
al.Prevalenceofcongenitalheartdefectsin
metropolitanAtlanta,1998–2005.JPediatr.
2008;153:807–813.
ThisstudylookedattheprevalenceofCHDamong
alldeliveriesinthemetropolitanAtlantaareain
theUnitedStatesbetween1998and2005.The
studyidentifiedaprevalenceofCHDof8in
1000.ManycommonCHDwereassociatedwith
oldermaternalageandmultiple-gestation
pregnancy.


GilboaSM,DevineOJ,KucikJE.Congenitalheart
defectsintheUnitedStates:estimatingthe


magnitudeoftheaffectedpopulationin2010.
Circulation.2016;134(2):101–109.
ThisstudyusedtheprevalencedataofCHDsin
Quebec,Canada,toestimatetheprevalenceof
CHDintheUnitedStatesin2010basedona
race-ethnicityadjustmentfactor.Thestudy
estimatedthatapproximately2.4millionpeople
(1.4millionadults,1millionchildren)were
livingwithCHDintheUnitedStatesin2010.
Nearly300,000oftheseindividualshadsevere
CHD.Thestudysuggestedagrowingpopulation
ofadultswithCHDintheUnitedStates.
HoffmanJI,KaplanS.Theincidenceofcongenital
heartdisease.JAmCollCardiol.2002;39:1890–
1900.
Thiscomprehensivereviewof62publishedstudies
ofestimatedprevalencenotedgreatvariability
inreportedestimates,muchofwhichwas
explainedbymethodologicaspectsand
increasingascertainmentwithechocardiography
ofventricularseptaldefects.
HoffmanJI,KaplanS,LiberthsonRR.Prevalence
ofcongenitalheartdisease.AmHeartJ.
2004;147:425–439.
Thepointprevalencedefinesthetotalnumberof



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