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*1.2018.COS318*


:


I

.................................................................................................................. I
.......................................................................................................... IV
BÀI 1:

........................................................................ 1
.................................................................................... 1
........................................................................................ 2
......................................................... 4
................................................................................................ 4
.......................................................................................6
.................................................................................... 6
TRÌNH ................................................................................... 7

1.4.

.............................................................................. 7
........................................................................................ 7

........................................................................................ 7
........................................................................................ 8

1.4.

....................................................................................... 8
................................................................................................ 9
................................................................................................................. 10
............................................................................. 14
..................................................................................................... 14
................................................................................ 14
........................................................................................ 14
...................................................................................... 15

2.

........................................................................... 16
................................................................................................................. 20
..................................................................... 24
............................................................. 24
.......................................................................................... 27
..................................................................... 27
............................................................................... 30
................................................................................................ 30
........................................................................... 31
..................................................................................... 34
..................................................................................................... 34
system ................................................................ 34
exec ................................................ 35
fork ................................................................... 36

....................................................................... 37


II
................................................................................................................. 38
.................................................................. 44
5.1 KHÁI QUÁT ...................................................................................................... 44
............................................................................................... 44
................................................................................................... 44
.............................................................................. 45
................................................................................... 45
.................................................................................................... 46
................................................................................................... 46
............................................................................................ 46
..................................................................................... 47
5.

................................................................................... 47
................................................................................................................. 49
......................................................................................... 59
KET .................................................................................... 59

6.1.1 Socket ........................................................................................................ 59
.............................................................................................. 59
6.2 CÁCH SOCKET LÀM
6.2.

.................................................................................. 64
................................................................................... 64

.................................................................................................. 66
....................................................................................... 67
....................................................................................... 68
6.2.

................................................................................ 69
.............................................................................. 69
............................................................................................ 69
............................................................................................... 70
ÌNH KHÁCH.................................... 73
....................................................................................................... 78
.......................................................................................................... 78
............................................................. 78
.................................................................................... 78
....................................................................................... 79
........................................................................................................... 79

7.2.1 Bài 1 .......................................................................................................... 79
7.2.2 Bài 2 .......................................................................................................... 81
7.2.3 Bài 3 .......................................................................................................... 82
............................................................................................ 86
X ................................................ 86
8.1.1 Mutex là gì .................................................................................................. 86
................................................................................ 86
8.1.3 Khóa và tháo khóa cho mutex ........................................................................ 87


III
.................................................................................................. 88
............................................................................... 88

I SEMAPHORE .................................................................. 92
8.2.1 Semaphore là gì ? ........................................................................................ 92
.............................................................................. 92
.......................................................................... 95
............................................................................................. 98
..................................................................................................... 98
........................................................................... 98
........................................................................................... 98
-job-first SJF) ................................... 101
.............................................. 105
....................................................................................... 109
10.1

G UNIX VÀ LINUX ................................................... 109
.................................................................................. 109
...................................................................... 109
.............................................................................. 111
............................................................................ 114
.............................................................................. 115


IV

Máy Tính.

tin

cùng tên

Bài 4

Trình b

,
.

Bài 5: GIAO
Trình bày các
.


V
Bài 6:
Trình bày

Bài 7:

.
Bài 8:

Bài 9:
Trình bày cá

Sinh v

,


VI

-

-

50%.

50%.


BÀI 1:

QUAN

1

BÀI 1: T
1.1 CÁC KHÁI NI

N

-

-

-

-

truy
-

i dir2

-


2

BÀI 1:

QUAN

-

process id).

-

1.2 M T S

L
command

N
h

command - help
man command
ls
ls

a

ls

l

(file)

cd path

path.

cd ~
cd cd ..

hành.

cp

cp
destination_path

mkdir

source_path


BÀI 1:

3

QUAN

mkdir
directoryname

mv
mv source_path destination_path
rm

rm

R
rm filename

touch

T

find

filename
path: find path name filename

locate

touch filename

filename: locate filename

cat

cat
màn hình: cat filename

less

pageUp, pageDown. Dùng phím q
less filename

grep
grep string filename
sort

sort
filename
bzip2 (*.bz2

bunzip2

bunzip2
filename.bz2

gunzip
unzip

tar
date
Xem thông tin df h
free

gzipped (*.gz): gunzip
filename.gz
(*.zip): unzip filename.zip
.tar, .tar.gz: Ví
tar xvf filename.tar và tar xvzf
filename.tar.gz


4

BÀI 1:

QUAN

history
hostname
pwd

hành.

rwho -a

network.

uptime
who

máy.

whoami
ps
ps

aux

top
command &

command

fg
trình

bg
kill pid

-z.
pid

killall -9 name
nice program level

1.3 PHÂN QUY N B O V
1.3.1 Quy n t p tin

ps.
name

program

nice

VÀ TRUY XU T FILE

level.


BÀI 1:

QUAN

5

owner, group, other
read, write, execute}.
r: Read
w: Write
x: Execute
-: None
chmod
chmod [-R] mode file

-

(Operation)
u
g (group

nhóm)

o (other

=

r (read

+

w (write - ghi)

-

x (execute

a (all

$ chmod u+rx-w /tmp
$ chmod

R u+rwx,g+r-w,o-rwx /tmp

$ chmod a=rx abc.txt
-

owner
(nhóm) và

other

group

6

BÀI 1:

QUAN

4
2
1
u, o

0

000

- --

1

001

- -x

2

010

- w-

3

011

-wx

4

100

r--

5

101

r -x

6

110

r w-

7

111

r wx

g)

khơng có

$ chmod 751 abc.txt
C

read, write, và execute (4+2+1=7), group

owner

read và execute (4+1=5), và other

1.3.2

i ch

s

execute (1).

h u

chown [options] new_owner object(s)

trong

1.3.3

(-R)

i nhóm s

chown.VD: chown

R user1 /test

h u

chgrp [options] new_group object(s)

(-R)

chgrp. VD: chgrp

R group1 /test


BÀI 1:

1.4

7

QUAN

U KHI N TI N TRÌNH

1.4.1 Xem thơng tin v ti n trình

ps
$ps
PID
128
137
235

TTY
TIME
tty1 00:00:00
pts/9 00:00:00
pts/0 00:00:00

CMD
bash
mc
bash

ps
Del

Ctrl

ps

a

1.4.2 Ti n trình ti n c nh
#

$

ls

$ls

R /

1.4.3 Ti n trình h u c nh

&
&

R

Alt


8

BÀI 1:

QUAN

$ls R / &
[1] 23978
$

$
[1] Done

ls

R

1.4.4 T m d ng ti n trình
Ctrl

Z
Ctrl

$ls R / >allfiles.txt
^Z
[1]+ Stopped ls R / >allfiles.txt
$
ps

1.4.5

c ti n trình
jobs

$jobs
[1]+ Stopped ls

R / >allfiles.txt

jobs
[1]
bg.

$bg 1
ls

R / >allfiles.txt

$jobs
[1]+ Running ls

R />allfiles.txt &

af

Z


BÀI 1:

9

QUAN

fg
$fg 1
ls

R / >allfiles.txt

1.4.6 H y ti n trình

kill

h này, kill
kill

ps

af

ps

af
kill.

$ls

R / >data.txt

^Z
$ps -af
PID TTY

TIME

CMD

128 tty1

00:00:00

bash

137 pts/9 00:00:00

ls -R

235 pts/0 00:00:00

bash

$kill 137
$ps -af
PID TTY

TIME

CMD

128 tty1

00:00:00

bash

235 pts/0 00:00:00

bash

kill
$kill -9 137

-

10

BÀI 1:

QUAN

Bài 1:

home
dsl
CTH
user1
user2
mkdir

Bài 2:
user1 -

test1.c, test2.c
test3.c, test4.c

user2
touch:

$touch test1.c
test2.c, test3.c, test4.c

touch

vi


BÀI 1:

QUAN

11

cat

cat
Ctrl+D
Bài 3:
-

test3.c

-

user2 sang user1

user1 và user2

test3.c, test4.c
/user1
$cp test3.c test4.c ../user1

$cp *.c /user1

R
cp
$cp

R /mydata /tmp

/mydata

/tmp


12

BÀI 1:

QUAN

Bài 4:

-

user2 sang user1

test4.c

-

user1 và user2

test4.c

test4.doc

$mv test4.c test4.doc
.doc và .c

/tmp

$mv *.doc *.c /tmp
user1
là NewDir

user2

mv

$mv user1/ user2/NewDir
Bài 5:
.tar:
-

test3.c

-

user2
user2

test3.c

-

test3.c.tar

Bài 6:
rm, rmdir

test3.c.tar


BÀI 1:

QUAN

13

rmdir
r
-

test3.c, test3.c.tar t

-

user2

-

user1

rm.
user2

Bài 7:
-

user1

-

user1 và root

-

group1
user1 vào nhóm group1
/baitap1

-

770
user1

test.txt

/baitap1

Bài 8:
-

ketqua.txt

-

ls -lR /

/ và
ketqua.txt.

-

ketqua.txt


14

BÀI 2:

THI

BÀI 2:
2.1 GI I THI U
2.1.1
-

-

gcc

/usr/bin

/usr/local/bin

which gcc

gcc

/usr/include hay
/usr/local/include
/lib

gcc

/usr/local/lib

gcc

/usr/lib/gcc-lib.

2.1.2 Các t
/usr/include h
/usr/include/sys
-

/usr/include/X11
/usr/include/g++-2
-

g++.

Tuy nhiên

I


BÀI 2:

$ gcc
-

I/usr/mypro/include test.c

THI

15

otest

Khi chúng

man
man
types.h và

kill()
signal.h.

2.1.3 Các t

n

-

.a, .so, .sa
libutil.a hay libc.so

lib
-

.so
ls /usr/lib

ls /lib
ld

/usr/lib và /lib
sau:
$ gcc test.c

otest /usr/lib/libm.a
lib

.so

.a
l

$ gcc test.c
C

otest -lm
gcc

lib và tìm libm.a

l

libm.so
-

gcc

L


16

BÀI 2:

$ gcc test.c

THI

otest -L/usr/myproj/lib -ltool
libtool.a

libtool.so

/usr/myproj/lib.

2.1.4

n liên k t trên Linux

-

.o
c
$gcc

c helloworld.c

helloworld.o

$gcc helloworld.o

o helloworld

-

ld
c

2.1.4.1

n liên k

th

/* cong.c */

int cong( int a, int b )
{
return a + b;
}


BÀI 2:

THI

/* nhan.c */
long nhan( int a, int b )
{
return a * b;
}
.o
$ gcc

c cong.c nhan.c

.h
/* lib.h */
int cong( int a, int b );
long nhan( int a, int b );
program.c
/* program.c */
#include <stdio.h>
#include "lib.h"
int main ()
{

int a, b;
printf( "Nhap vào a : " );
scanf( "%d", &a );
printf("Nhap vào b : " );
scanf( "%d", &b );
printf(

\n", a, b, cong( a, b ) );

printf( "Tich %d * %d = %ld\n", a, b, nhan( a, b ) );
return ( 0 );
}
$ gcc

c program.c

$ gcc program.o cong.o nhan.o -oprogram

17