Sự khác biệt về độ tuổi và trạng thái tâm lý trước thi đấu của vận động viên đội tuyển võ cổ truyền tỉnh đồng nai

BAI BAO KHOA HOC

Sir KHAC BIET VE BO TUOI VA TRANG THAI T A M LY TRir0C THI DAU
COA VAN ilONG V I I N DOI TOYEN VO CO TRUYEN TJNH DONG NAI
Le Thj My Hanh*; Mai Hong Phat**
Tom tat:
Cfng dung bang hoi POMS de do luong trgng thdi tam ly trudc thi d^u cua van dpng vien (VOV)
Vo c6 truyen D6ng Nai, nghien cu-u da chi ra trgng thai t§m ty truo^c khi thi dlu gi&a 3 nhom tuoi
VOV d6i tuyen Vo co tnjyen Oong Nai co su tu-ang d6ng cao, chi mpt so bieu hien c6 si^ khac bi?t.
Oay la co sa giup huin luy$n vi§n co dirge su' chuan bj tdt han ve mgt t§m ly cho VOV nham dat
dugc thanh tich cao trong thi dau.
TCP khoa: Vo co truy§n Oong Nai, trang th§i tam ly truoc thi dlu, POMS.
The difference of age and psychological state before competition of traditional martial
art athletes in Dong Nai province
Summary:
Using POMS questionnaire to check psychological state before competition of traditional martial
art athletes in Dong Nai province, the research indicates that the psychological state between 3
age group of traditional martial art athletes In Dong Nai province are similar, only some show differences. This is the foundation to assist the coach with better psychological preparation for athletes
in order to get good performance in competition.
Keywords: Dong Nai traditional martial art, psychological state before competition, POMS. _ J
HAT UAN UE

Thi dau the thao la mpt dang hoat dpng dac
biet. De gianh chien thang VDV luon phai doi
mat vol nhung kho khan, nhiing cang thang den
ngudng gioi han ca ve tinh thkn va thi chSt.
Truoc va trong qua trinh thi ddu VDV de bi
quan, giao dpng khi gap d6i thu manh hon. Hg
de bi: "soc" ve tam ly, noi lo au dan den pha vo
ky thuat, sai ikm vi chiin thuat, thiiu tu tin...
Ngugc lai, khi manh hem dii thii thi hp thi ddu

mpt each thoai mai, tu tin, ban linh. Tuy nhien,
ciing CO thi nay sinh tam ly ehii quan coi thudng
doi thu, tir do c6 sai sot trong ky chiin thuat, tir
tu tin sang mdt binh tTnh, liing tiing, c6 khi din
din that bai khong dang eo. Cae vdn di khac
ciing anh huong nhu san nha, san khach, trpng
tai, CO so vat chdt... diu co anh huong toi tam ly.
Vo c6 truyen la mot mon thi thao thi ddu loai
hire tiip va mang tinh d6i khang cao, ap luc tam
ly cao. Trong thi ddu dpng tac biin hoa khong
ngiing, chiin thuat phiic tap, nhiiu dang. Diiu

ftay doi hoi VDV Vo c6 truyin mpt tam ly thi
dau on dinh, viing v^ng va tap trung cao dp,
dung cam va quyet tam, no luc y chi cao ngay
tir trudc thi dau den ket thiic tran ddu. Theo cac
nha tam ly hpc, ben canh cac yiu t6 khach quan
thi 1 yeu to chii quan la dp tu6i eiing co nhung
anh hudng khong nho tdi trang thai tam ly hudc
thi dau ciia VDV. Tuy nhien vdn di nay d cac
VDV Vo CO truyen Dong Nai lai chua dugc
quan tam nghien ciiu, do vay, van de c6 y nghia
khoa hpc va thuc tien cao, ket qua nghien ciiu
la CO sd de HLV co bien phap chuan bi tam ly
cho VDV trudc cac cupc thi dau.
Trong qua trinh nghien ciiu da su dung cac
phuang phap sau:Phuang phap dpc, tong hgp va
phan tich tai lieu; Phuang phap khao sat dieu tra
bang bang cau hoi; Phuong phap toan thong ke
(Tat ca cac s6 lieu dugc tiin hanh xu ly tren may

tinh vdi phdn mim SPSS 17.0, bao gim: Phan
tich thong ke mo ta (Descriptive Analysis) de
phan tich phuong sai, do lech chudn....;)

•TS, Trudng Dai hgc TDTT Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh
"ThS, Trudng Ogi hgc TDTT Thanh ph6 Ho Chi Minh


OAOTAOVAHUANUIYByiKTHAO

S 0 5/2U18

Viet Nam c6 kho tang vo co truyen vd cung da dang, phong phu va du'p'c dong dao ngu'd'i
dan yeu thich, tham gia tap luyen

Cong cu do lirong: Nghien ciiu nay dung
bang hoi POMS (Profile of mood state) la mpt
bai kiem tra tam ly dugc tao ra bdi MC Nair va
c6ng su (1971). Bang hoi gom 65 cau, 7 thanh
phan mo ta cam xiic ma mpi ngudi c6.
Kh^ch thi nghien cihi: G6m 21 VDV dii
khang va quyen thuat dpi tuyen Vo eo truyen
Dong Nai.

KET QUA NGHIEN ClJfUVA BAN LUAN
Sau khi phan tich thuc trang trang thai tam ly
trudc thi dau ciia VDV Vo Co truyen tinh Dong
Nai. Nghien cim tien hanh phan tich sau cac
bieu hien tam ly cua VDV d cae nhom tuoi cua
VDV bang phuang phap phan tich phuang sai

(ANOVA) de kiem dinh gia thuyet trung binh
bang nhau cua cac nhom:
Qua qua trinh tinh toan da thu dugc ket qua
trinh bay d bang 1 nhu sau:
Qua bang 1 cho thay: Trong 40 bieu hien cua
trang thai tam ly trudc thi dau chi co 6 bieu hien
CO sir khac biet giiia cac dp tuoi, eu thi:
- d biiu hien nan chi cua VDV nhom tu6i tir
16<20 tu6i CO gia tri trung binh la x =
1 .OOiO.OO; VDV nhom tu6i hi 20-25 tuii eo gia
tri trung binh la x = 1.50 ± 0.71. VDV nhom
tuii tren 25 tuii c6 gia hittoingbinh la x = 1.00
± 0.00. Su khac biet co y nghia thdng ke d
ngudng xac suat 95% do gia tri Sig. =

0.003<0.05. Trong do, nhom tuoi 16 < 20 tuoi
va nhom >25 tuoi co gia tri trung binh bang
nhau ve bieu hien nan chi, nhom tir 20 -25 tuoi
CO bieu hien eao nhat va bieu hien Nan chi thupc
thanh phan met moi.
- d bieu hien tinh than ban loan cua VDV
nhom tuoi tir 16<20 tuoi co gia tri trung binh la
X = 1.12 ± 0.33; VDV nhom tuoi hi 20-25 tuoi
cd gia tri trung binh la x - 1.50 ± 0.71; VDV
nhom tuoi tren 25 tuoi c6 gia tri tnmg binh la x
^ 2.50 ± 0.71. Sir khac biet c6 y nghTa thong ke
d nguong xac suat 95% do gia tri Sig. =
O.00KO.05. Trong do, nhom tuii 16<20hi6ic6
gia tri bieu hien thap nhat, nhom tu 20 -25 tuoi
CO bieu hien cao hon va nhom >25 tuoi co bieu

hien eao nhat va bieu hien tinh than ban loan
thupc thanh phan Cang thang.
- Ci bieu hien cau g4t cua VDV nhom tuoi tir
16<20 tuoi CO gia tri trung binh la x = 1.12 ±
0.33; VDV nhom tuoi tir 20-25 tuoi co gia tri
trung binh la x - 1.00 ± 0.00; VDV tren 25 hail
CO gia tri trung binh la x = 2.00 ± 0.00. Su khac
biet CO y nghia thong ke d ngudng xac suat 95%
do gia hi Sig. = 0.004 < 0.05. Trong do nhom
tir 20-25 tuoi co bieu hien thap nhat, nhdm tuoi
tir 16<20 tuoi c6 bieu hien cao hon va nhom tren
25 tuoi CO bieu hien eao nhat va bieu hien cau
gat thupc thanh phan gian dii.


BAI BAO KHOA HOC
Bang 1. Sip khac bift ve cac bieu hien
trang thai tam ly trifwc thi dau gi&a cac do
tuoi cua VOV Vo CO truyen tinh 06ng Nai
—
..,„___Nh6m tuoi
Bieu tiien " —
^
Tu16<20
Cang thing Tie 20-25
Trgn 25
Tu16<20
Nong gign Tu 20-25
Tren 25
Til 16<20

Nan clii
Tu 20-25
Tren 25
Tu 16<20
KhSng phan
Tu 20-25
khai
Tren 25
Tu16<20
Tinh thin
Tu 20-25
thoai mai
Tren 25
Tu 16<20
Hoang loan Tu 20-25
Tren 25
Tir 16<20
B6I r6i
TCP 20-25
Tren 25
Tinh than TU'16<20
Tir 20-25
ban loan
TrSn 25
Tu16<20
Cau gat
T * 20-25
Tren 25
TU 16<20
M^t m6i

Til 20-25
Tr§n 25
Tir 16<20
Au sau
Tir 20-25
Tren 25
Tir 16<20
Tinh than
sung man Tir 20-25
Tren 25
Khong the TCP 16<20
TCP 20-25
tgp trung
Tren 25
Tip 16<20
Ttr tin
TCP 20-25
1 ren 25
Kh5ng yen Tip 16<20
TCP 20-25
tam
Iren 25
TCP 16<20
BLTC minh
TCP 20-25
Tr§n 25
Xuong tinh l u 16<20
1 u 20-25
than
Tren 25

TCP 16<20
Oru
TCP 20-25
Tren 25
Chu dgng. rcp16<20
TCP 20-25
tfch cue
rren 25
rCp16<20
Hoang
T
CP 20-25
mang
1 ren 25

X

5

2.12
2 00
2.00
1 12
1.50
1 00
1 00
1 50
1.00
1.18
1.00

2.00
3 18
3.00
4.00
1.18
1.00
1.00
1.76
1.00
2.00
1.12
1.50
2.50
1.12
1.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
1 24
100
1.50
3.12
3.00
4.00
1.12
1.50
1.50
3.59
4.50

5.00
1.76
1.00
1.00
1.24
1.00
1.50
1.18
2.00
2 00
1.12
1.00
2 00
2 94
4.50
3.50
1.41
1.50
1.50

0.49
0.00
1.41
0.33
0 71
0 00
0 00
0.71
0.00
0.53

0.00
0.00
0.88
1.41
0.00
0.39
0.00
0.00
0.56
0.00
141
0.33
0.71
0 71
0.33
0 00
0.00
1.27
1.41
1.41
0.44
0.00
0.71
0 99
2.83
141
0 33
0.71
0 71
0 94

0.71
0 00
0 66
0 00
0.00
0.44
0.00
0.71
0 53
1 41
0 00
0 33
0.00
1.41
1.09
0.71
2.12
0.62
0.71
0.71

F

Sig.

0.07

0.933

DCPng ngoi

khong yen
Buon
phien

1219 0.319
Sau muon
8 143 0.003

Hung
phan

2.695 0.095
0 833 0.451
0.367 0.698

Cokha
nang cam
giac

1.564 0.236

De b| kich
dpng

11462 0.001
7.514 0.004

M#t moi
khong chiu

1.000

Vo d^ng

0 634 0 542

Tich cue
tap luy$n

0.515 0 606

Cam giac
khong
chac Chan

0

1.541 0 241
Hal long
2.845 0.084
2.414 0.118
0 634 0.542

De phat
dien

3 055 0.072
3 522 0.051

Bat lye

1.741 0.204

Tran day
sinh lye

0.032 0.969

TCP hac

1.41
2.83
0.94
0.00
0.71
0.90
0.00
0.71
0.71
0.00
0.71
0.77
0.00
1.41
0.33
2.12
0.71
1.18
2.83
0.00

0.94
0.00
0.71
1.24
1.41
1.41
0.66
0.71
0 71
0.47
141
0.00
0.51
0.00
2.12
0.70
0 71
0.71
0.99
2.12
141
1.01
1.41
2.83


DS?Ti!ovSHUJ\lllUfYBilT1E1HM

SU 5/2018

~"~"*^^ nhdm tir 20-25 tudi co bieu
,j~.'"-hien cao nhat va bieu hien
•Hif " " " ^ vd dung thudc thanh phan
tram cam.
Ngoai 6 bieu hien phan
tich tren day con lai cac bieu
hien khac ciia trang thai tam
ly trudc van dpng khdng cd
su khac biet du dp tin cay
thdng ke can thiet.

KET LUAN
Ket qua nghien cuu phan
tich cho thay, giiia 3 nhdm
tudi cd cac bieu hien nan
Vo CO truyen Vl§t Nam co su'c song rat manh li$t, hien dang
chi; tinh than ban loan; cau
du'p'c phat trien ca trong nwvc va nhieu quoc gia tren the gio-i
gat; budn phien; sau mudn;
vd dung thudc cac thanh
- d bieu hien buon phien eua VDV nhdm tuoi phan met mdi; cang thang; gian dii, tram cdm cd
tir 16<20 tuii CO gia tri trung binh la X ^ 1.18 ±
su khac biet co y nghia thdng ke d ngudng xac
0.39; VDV nhom hi6i tir 20-25 tuii c6 gia tri
suat 95%. Co den 34/40 bieu hien khdng cd su
trung binh la x - 1.50 ± 0.71; VDV nhom tudi
khac biet d ngudng xae suSt 95%. Tir do cd the
tren 25 tudi co gia tri tnmg binh la x = 2.50 ±
2.12. Su khac biet co y nghia thdng ke d nguong ket luan rang trang thai tam ly trudc khi thi dau
xac suAt 95% do gia hi Sig. = 0.04K0.05. Trong giiia 3 nhdm tudi ciia VDV dpi tuyen Vo co

do nhom tir 20-25 tudi c6 bieu hien thap nhat, truyen Ddng Nai cd sir tuong ddng cao.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAU
nhdm tudi tir 16<20 mdi co bieu hien cao hon va
1. Nguyin Toan (2002), Cam nang tu vdn
nhdm tren 25 tudi cd bieu hien cao nhat nhat va
bieu hien budn phien thudc thanh phan gian dii. Tdm ly thi thao, Nxb TDTTT, Ha Npi.
2. Trudng DH TDTT I (1999), Tdm ly hpc
- O bieu hien sau mudn ciia VDV nhdm tudi
tu 16<20 tuoi c6 gia tri tnmg binh la x" = 1.12 ± trong the thao, Nxb TDTT, Ha Npi.
3. Pham Ngpc Viin, Le Van Xem, Mai Van
0.49; VDV nhdm tudi tu 20-25 tudi cd gia tri
trung binh la x - 2.00 ± 1.41; VDVfren25 tudi Mudn, Nguyen Thanh Nii (1991), 7am ly hpc
CO gia tri trung binh lax ^2.50 ±0.71. Sukhac Thi due thi thao, Nxb TDTT, Ha Npi.
4. McNAlR et al (1971), Manual for the
biet cd y nghia thdng ke d ngudng xac suat 95%)
do gia tri Sig. = 0.008<0.O5. Trong do nhdm hidi Profile of Mood States. San Diego, CA:
tu 16<20 tudi CO bieu hien c6 bieu hien thap Educational and Industrial Testing Service.
5. TERRY, R (n.d.) Normative Values for the
nhat, nhdm tir 20-25 tudi cao hon va nhdm tren
25 tudi ed bieu hien cao nhat va bieu hien sau Profile of Mood State for Use with Athletic
Sample.
mudn thudc thanh phan tram cam.
- 6 biiu hien Vo dung cua VDV nhdm tudi
tu 16<20 tudi cd gia tri tnmg binh la IT = 1.12 ±
0.33; VDV nhom tudi tir 20-25 tudi cd gia tri
trung binh la x ^ 2.50 ± 2.12; VDV nhdm tudi
tren 25 mdi co gia tri tmng bmh la JC = 1.50 ±
0.71. Sir khac biet co y nghia thong ke d ngudng
xac sukt 95%. do gia hi Sig. = 0.023<0.05. Trong
dd nhdm tuoi tir 16<20 mdi cd biiu hien cd biiu

hien thkp nhat, nhdm tren 25 tudi cao hon va

(Bai nop ngay 31/8/2018, Phan bien ngay
21/9/2018, duyet in ngay 25/10/2018
Chju trach nhiem chinh: Le Thj My Hanh
Email: )