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Trjnh Hoang Phuong, Nguyin Manh Tudn. Nghiin ciru tuang quan giiia cang thdng..

N G H I E N CUtJ TlTonVG Q U A N G I C A C A N G T H A N G
TRONG CONG VIEC VA HIEU QUA CONG VIEC
C U A C O N G N H A N V I E N TAI K H O I V A N P H O N G
V O N D A U T i r NU"6C N G O A I T A I H A N Q I
Trinh Hodng Phirffng*
NguyenM^nh

Tuan**

Cdng ty Viii Nam Mobile
Dgi hpc Quoc gia Hd Npi
Ngdy nhdn bdi: 21/07/2017, ngdy phdn bifn- 24/07/2017, ngdy duyft ddng: 02/07/2017

A Tghien euu ndy da tien hdnh bang phuang phdp dinh luang vd tien hdnh mgt
1. V cdch ngdu nhiin tren 300 cdng nhdn viin tgi khdi vdn phong cd vdn ddu tu
nude ngodi tgi Hd Ndi. Kit qud cho thdy, cdc cdu hdi trong bdng khdo sdt ed chi sd EFA
diu ldn han 0,5 vdi chi sd Id 0,904 vd 0,866. Diiu do cd nghia la nhitng yiu td cdu hdi
trong bdng khdo sdt Id thich hap de tien hdnh nghien cuu. He sd tuang quan giira 2 yeu to
cd chi sd Sig (Significant) be hem 5%, chung td edng thdng trong cdng vi?c cd mdi quan
he vdi hieu qud cdng vi$c cua cdng nhdn vien. Ben cgnh do, chi sd tuang quan Pearson
giita 2 yeu td Id r = 0,220 cho thdy khi tdng s\r cdng thdng trong cdng viec ten mgt mue
nhdt dinh thi hieu qud edng viec cda cdng nhdn viin cUng se tdng theo nhung niu edng
thang trong cdng vi^c vu0 qud mirc cho phep thi hi?u qud cdng vi$c se cd su gidm sut.
Tu khda: cdng thing trong edng vifc, hifu qud cdng vifc, nhdn vidn vdn phdng
*

l.D^tvinde
Cd rit nhilu nghidn cdu trudc ddy dd
xdc djnh cdc yiu to quan ttgng dnh hudng

din hifu suit cda nhdn vien d cac nude
dang phdt ttiln tgi Bde My vd chdu Au.
Tuy nhidn, cd rit it nghidn cuu ve cdc yiu
tl anh hudng din hifu suit ldm vifc cda
nhdn vidn dugc

^hyc hifn d cdc nude dang phdt triin vd
"^^c bilt din nhu Id thj tmdng tidm ndng
mdi vdi muc tang trudng kinh tl rit cao.
Trong so cac qudc gia nay, tie dO tdng
trudng kmh tl tiung binh cua Vidt Nam
(9DP) Id hon 7% trong thgp nidn 1990 yd


Nghien cdu An Dp vd Chdu A. Sd 8 - 2017
hon 8% ndm 2006 - 2008, da lam Vift Nam
ttd thdnh la mOt ttong nhiing nin kinh tl cd
tdc dd phat triin cao nhit the gidi. Tuy
nhidn, sy khdc bift ttong vdn hda va truyin
thdng da khien rit nhidu cdng ty nude
ngoai phai ddi mdt vdi nhilu khd khdn khi
diu tu vdo Vift Nam, ttong dd cd van de
cdng thdng ttong cdng vide vd hifu suat
lam vifc.
Dilu kifn xa hdi vd lich sd Id yiu tl chi
phii rit Idn den tdm ly vd vdn hda dan tgc.
Vdi nin vdn hda gdc Ddng Nam A, nhung
chiu dnh hudng ldn td vdn hda Trung
QuIc, vdn hda Viet Nam da chuydn ddi td

vdn hda Ddng Nam A sang vdn hda Ddng
A vd dilu ndy thi hidn r6 d khu vyc mien
Bde, ddc bift la Ha Ngi.

nghien ciiu de tai ndy nhdm muc tieu xdc
djnh mdi lien quan cda dp lyc cdng vide
den nang suit Idm vide cda cdng nhdn vidn
vdn phdng von diu tu nude ngoai khu vyc
HdNOi.
2. Dii hrpng vd phtrong phap nghiSn
Cdc doi tugng dugc dieu tra Id nhdn
vidn van phdng cd von dau tu nude ngoai
ttong khu vye Hd NOi.
Nghien ciiu dugc tien hanh bang
phuong phdp nghidn ciiu dinh lugng. Ddi
tugng cua nghidn ciiu Id 300 cdng nhdn
vien thuOc khdi vdn phdng cd vdn ddu tu
nude ngodi tai Hd Ndi.

Nghidn cdu dugc thu thgp thdng tin
Vift Nam ddi mdt vdi rit nhieu cugc thdng qua bdng cau hdi khdo sdt gom ba
ehiln ttanh gifi nude, tgo ra mgt ddc dilm phdn. Phan ddu tidn vd gidi tinh, tudi tac, vi
nli bdt cua vdn hda: mOt ldng ydu nude rit tri hifn tgi, thdm nien cdng vife vd trinh dO
mgnh vd bao trdm tit cd cde linh vyc ttong gido due, phdn thd hai vl cdng thdng cdng
cuOc sdng. Do dd, nhan vidn Viet Nam rat vifc, phan thd ba vd hifu qua cdng vide.
khd cd till tin tudng vd ddng gdp tich eye Mdi muc cd ndm kich thudc: "rat ddng y",
vdo cdc cdng ty nude ngodi'. Tu nhung "dong y", "khdng cd y kien", "khdng dong
dilm nay, nhan vidn Vift Nam se dd dang ^" vd "rdt khdng ddng y", tucmg ung vdi
cd nhidu cdng thing trong cdng vife va mdc dilm 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 dilm nhu eua cac
dilu nay se ldm giam hifu suit cdng vide biln trong nghidn cuu.

cda cdc nhdn vidn^. Vi vay, chdng tdi
Nghidn ciiu sd dung phdn mim SPSS
dl phdn tich dfi lifu da thu dugc tii bdng
' Aaaa Caguingin, M. P., Bantang, F. O. A., Bianes, khdo sat. Thdng tin eda nhihig doi tugng
N. J. S., Estrella, P. M. C , & Macanlalay, C. K. M. tham gia nghidn cdu sd dugc giu kin vd
(2013), "The Relationship of Personal Characteristics
and Job Satisfaction To Adversity Quotient Of Police khdng cdng khai ttong mgi trudng hgp.
Officers In Manila Police Disirict', Retrieved on
September
15,
2015,
i/documents/PEAK_GRI
caguingin.pdf., ngiy truy c?ip 18/8/2016.
^Lin,Y. L. & Chang, W. J. (2010), "The mediating
effect of the organizational socialization on
mentoring: job stress relationship", Journal of Human
Resource Management, vol.10, pp.75-96.

3. Ket qud nghien cuu vd ban luan
31. Phdn tich chi sd EFA ciia nghien cicu


Trinh Hoang Phuang, Nguyen Manh Tudn. Nghien ciru tuang quan ziHa cang thdng...

Bdng 1. Kit qua phSn tich EFA
rSn cic biln
cang thang trong c6ng viec
hiSu qua cong vi§c

KMO

0,904
0,866

Chi so chi-squared
5204,630
5232,709

B | c tir do
105
105

P
0.000"»
0.000«»*

Luu t- *P < 0>05, **p < 0,01, ***p < 0,001
NguIn: Tong hgp cda tac gid.
Theo kit qud nghidn ciiu bang 1, chi sd
KMO cdng vife cdng thing vd ldm vife hifu
suit Id 0,904 vd 0,866. Tit ca chdng ddu ldn
han 0,5. Do dd, cdc cdu hdi ttong bang khao
sdt Id cd tinh thyc tiln va tiiich hgp cho
phdn tich ede dfi lifu cda nghidn ciiu.

Id 0,883. Do dd, bang hdi cd mft su nhit
quan tdt.

Ve nguyen tac, tidu chuan thd nghifm
do tin cay Cronbach's Alpha gid trj Id ldn
hon hoac bang 0,7 cd nghia Id cdc cdu hdi

cd do tin cdy cao. Nlu gid trj giua 0,35 vd
Cde tdc gid Mayers, L.S., Gamst, G., 0,7; vi vgy, cdc cau hdi la tdt, dd dd phdn
Guarmo A.J. (2000)^ dl c$p rdng: Trong tich. Nlu gid tri it hon 0,35 ede cau hdi se
phan tich nhdn tl, phuang phdp ttich dugc sda doi'*.
Pricipal Components Analysis di eung vdi
3.3. Phdn tich tucmg quan Pearson
phdp xoay Varimax Id cdch thdc dugc su
Theo kit qud nghidn ciiu Bdng 3, cdc
dung phi bien nhat.
mdi tucmg quan gitta cac cdng vide cdng
Chi sl KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin, thing va lam vide hidu suit la tuong dii
0,5< KMO < 1) dugc sd dung dl xem xet thip (r = 0,220).
sy phd hgp cda cdc phdn tich yeu td. Gid tri
Kidm tta he sd tucmg quan Pearson
KMO eua 2 biln ldn cd nghia cdc yiu td
md nghien ciiu dang phdn tich Id thich hgp. dugc su dyng dl kidm tra edc moi quan hf
Ben canh dd, chi sd Sig p<0,05 cho thdy giua cdc bidn ddc lap tuydn tinh vd phy
gitta cdc biln cd mli tuang quan vdi nhau thuOc vao biln. Hd sd tuong quan (r) Id mOt
chi sl thing kd do ludng moi lien hf tuong
ttong tong the nghidn cuu.
quan giiia hai biln so. Hf sd tuong quan co
3.2. Phdn tich do tin cdy cua cdc bien gia tri td -1 din i. Hf sl tuong quan bdng 0
dgc Igp
(hay gin 0) cd nghia Id hai biln sl khdng
Theo kdt qud nghien ciiu Bdng 2, cdc cd lidn hf gi vdi nhau; ngugc Igi nlu hf sl
ehi so Cronbach's a cda cdng thing ttong bdng -1 hay 1 cd nghTa Id hai biln so cd
cdng viec Id 0,913 vd cua kit qua cdng vifc mgt mli lidn hf tuyft ddi. Trong nghien
Lawrence S. Meyers, Glenn C. Gamst, A. J. Guarino
Q.OOQ), Performing Data Analysis Using IBM SPSS.

74

* Nunnally, J. C. (1978), Psychometric Theory (2nd
ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.


Nghien citu An Bo vi Chau A. S6 8 - 2017
cilu nay, chiing ta co gia tri h? s6 tuong c6ng viec cBng tSng, va khi cSng thjng
quan 14 r = 0,220 co nghia 14 khi c5ng vu^t len tSng qu4 cao thi hieu qui c6ng
thSng trong c6ng viec tSng cao thi hi^u qu4 vi$c se bit dau suy giim.
Bang 2. Phan tich fl? tin c?y
Do kich thvdc

Cau hoi so

Cronbach's a

Cdng thing trong cdng vifc

15

0,913

Hifu qua cdng vifc

15

0,883

Df tin c^y ting thi

0,935

Ngudn: Tdng hgp cua tae gid.
Bdng 3. Phan tich tucmg quan
Do kich thirdc

Cdng thing trong cong vifc

Cdng thing ttong cong viec

1

Hifu qua cdng vifc.

0,220***

Hifu qua cong vifc

1

Luu y: * p < 0,05; ** p < 0,01; p < 0,001.
Ngudn: Tdng hgp cda tdc gid.
Cdng thing ttong cdng vide cd khd
ndng diln biln theo mgt qua trinh nhit
djnh*. Khi cd mdt khodng each sai Ifeh
gitta cde danh gid dugc xdc dinh bdi eae
hifu qud cdng vide cua tdng cd nhan va tdi
nguydn dugc cung cip, cdng thdng ttong
cdng vifc se xuit hifn^. Do dd, cdng vifc
cdngtiidngbao gIm su mit can bdng ve thd

chit va tam ly trong mdi trudng ldm vifc ,
^ Margolis, B. L., Kroes, W. H. & Quinn, R. P. (1974),
"Job stress: An unlisted occupational hazard". Journal of
Occupational andEnvironmenld Medicine, pp.659-661.
' Hersen M (2004), Comprehensive Handbook of
Psychological
Assessment:
Industrial
and
Organizational Commitment, John Wiley & Sons Inc.,
' Dollard Maureen F. and Jacques C. Metzer (1999),
"Psychological research, practice, and production: The
occupational stress problem". International Journal of
Stress Management, October. Vol. 6. no. 4, pp.241253.

cung nhu khodng each gitta cac ndng lyc cd
nhdn nhu ky ndng, va cdng vifc.
Hinh 1 cho thiy rdng hifu suat tdng vdi
sy gia tdng cdng thing. Tuy nhidn, d mOt
mdc do cao, cdng thang ttd ndn ldn hon vd
hidu suit bit diu giam vdi gia tdng cdng
thing. Nhfhig cang thing tich cue lam tdng
hifu suit dugc ggi la cang thang tit. Bdn
canh dd, cang thing eye dO gdy mdt mdi
cho mOt cd nhdn vd gdy ra tinh ttang qud
tdi, dnh hudng din sdc khde cda cd nhdn.
MOt dnh hudng tich eye Id su gia tdng
mdc hifu suit khi cangtiidngdugc qudn 1^
cd hifu qua ttong mdt thdi gian ngin. Do
dd, nd khiln nhdn vidn thye hifn hifu qua

nhit ttong thdi gjan ngdn han ndy. Sy cdng
thing dd nlu khdng dugc quan 1^ sd gdy
tde dOng tidu eye. Nhu vgy, hidu sudt chgm
75


Trjnh Hodng Phucmg, Nguyin Manh Tuan. Nghien ciru tuang quan giita cdng thdng...
va gidm thap sy nhidt tinh cd the dan ddn
tinh ttang qua tdi.
3.4. Phdn tich hdi qi^ tuyin tinh:
Theo kit qud nghidn cuu Bang 4, cdng
thingttongcdng vifc tac ddng ddn hifu sudt
edng vifc vdi gid ttj R Id 0,451 cdng vdi p =
0. Cdng thing ttong cdng vide chilm
20,30% ttong vifc tao thdnh hifu qud cdng
vife cua cdng nhdn vien (R^=0,203). Kdt
qud phan tich cho thay cdng thdng ttong
cdng vide cd tac dOng mOt cdc tich eye ddn
hifu qua cdng vide. Vi vay, myc tidu ciia
nghidn ciiu dugc thidt ldp.

Cdng thing trong cdng viec cd mdi
tucmg quan thuan vdi hifu qud cdng vide
eda cdng nhdn vidn thuge khdi van phdng cd
vln diu tu nude ngodi tai Ha Nfi vdi r =
0,220. Cang thdng ttong cdng vide ehidm
20,30% ttong vide tao thdnh hieu qud cdng
vifc cda cdng nhan vidn thudc khii vdn
phdng cd von ddu tu nude ngoai tai Ha NOi.
Tren co sd kit qud nghien ciiu thu dugc

cho thiy, nhttng nhd qudn tri can tgo dp lyc
mOt each vda phai cho nhdn vidn kit hgp
vdi cac phuang phdp xoa diu va che do
khen thudng de giu sy edng thing ttong
cdng vifc cda nhdn vidn d mdc hgp Iy,
nhdm tdi da hda hifu qua ttong cdng vide.

4. Ket luan va khuyen nghi

Hhih 1. Dudng eong phan iing cdng thing bdi Nixon (1979)
(THE STRESS RESPONSE CURVE)
1
1

i

\,

s t r e s s M a n a a e m e n l Increasina v ^
The Performance Level - - ^ ^ ,

p
E
R

FATIGUE
^fc.

O
R

M
A
N
C
t

""

*"—.»_

^ » - — t ' - ^ - - A c t u a l Performance
X^
\

UlURtR
ZOI£

Exhaustion

XlLL-Heailh

/

BRE/yaaOVJN

\
Adifded tom Nixon P, Practttoner, 1379
^..v..^,...^..-.^..

Nguon: Nixon PG. "The humanfiinetioncurve", Practitioner, 1976; so 765, tr.70.

Bing 4. Phan tfch hM quy

76


Nghien ciiru An B6 va Chau A. S6 8 - 2017

Cdc bien (Igc lap

Bien
phu thuQC

R

R^

Adj.R^

P

cang thang trong c6ng viec

Hifu qua
cdng vifc

0,451

0,203

0,202

0,000

Ngudn: Tdng hgp cda tac gid

Tai lifu tham khao

2. Lawrence S. Meyers, Glenn C. Gamst,
A. J. Guarino (2000), Performing Data
Analysis Using IBM SPSS.

Relationship of Personal Characteristics and
Job Satisfaction To Adversity Quotient Of
Police Officers In Manila Police District.
Rettieved
on
September
15, 2015,
/>I_caguingin.pdf.

3. Dollard, Maureen F. and Jacques C.
Metzer (1999), "Psychological research, practice,
and production: The occupational stress
problem", Intemational Joumal of Stress
Management, October, Vol. 6, no. 4, pp.241-253.

7. Lin,Y. L. & Chang, W. J. (2010), "The
mediating effect of the organizational
socialization on mentoring: job stress
relationship". Journal of Human Resource

Management, vol.10, pp.75-96.

4. Hersen M (2004), Comprehensive
Handbook of Psychological AssessmentIndustrial and Organizational Commitment,
John Wiley & Sons Inc., New Jersey.

8. George M and Smith A. (2008),
Stress models: A review and Suggested New
Direction,
/>/smith/Mark_and Smith_Typeset.pdf

5. Margolis, B. L., Kroes, W. H. & Quinn,
R. P. (1974), "Job stress: An unlisted
occupational hazard". Journal of Occupational
andEnvironmental Medicine, pp.659-661.

9. Bickford M. (2005), Stress in the
Workplace: A general overview of the
causes, effects and solution, Canadian
Mental Health Association, Newfoundland &
Labrador.

1. Nunnally, J. C. (1978), Psychometric
Theory (2nd cd.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

6. Caguingin, M. P., Bantang, F. O. A.,
Bianes, N. J. S., Estrella, P. M. C , &
Macanlalay, C. K. M. (2013), "The