Giáo dục đúng cách để nâng cao EQ cho trẻ

66 E l

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SO 10-2014 D ^ v d H i V

GIAO DUG GIA D I N H

Giao due dung each de nang cao EQ cho tre
ThS. CAO HAI AN - CN. LE THI HANG
Trudng Dai hpc Cdng nghiep Quing Ninh

I. OAT VAN DE
Trong tdm ly hpc. ngUdi ta thUdng nhic d i n chl so thdng
minh IQ (Intelligence Quotient) d l xem xet khd nang tU duy,
duy ty cQa mdt dQa fre. Tuy nhien, edn mdt chl sd Wide - chl so'
thdng minh v l edm xQe EQ (Emotional Intelligence Quotient)
ddnh gid v l ldi sdng, v l kha nang hda nhgp gia dinh va cpng
ddng... cung ddng vai frd to Idn frong trdi nghiem dem d i n sy
thdnh edng vd hanh phQe trong eude sdng cua dQa frI sau nay.
EQ mdt phan Id bam sinh nhQng eung do giao dye, ren luyen
md ed dUpe. Chfnh bdi vay, wee eha mp gido dye dQng edch d l
ndng ego EQ cCia con cdi Id dilu thdt sy can luu tam.
ILGIAO ogc DUNG CACH DE NANG CAO EQ cClA CON
CAI
Cdc nhd tdm ly hpc ngay cdng ddnh gia eao vaifrocua cam
xQc vd dnh hudng eua nd den ddi sdng eon ngUdi. Tgi edc
Trung tdm tu v i n tdm iy, giao dye, bdn cgnh nhQng dQa t r i bj
rdi nhilu tam IJ, bj thilu nang, gap nhilu khd khan frong hpe
tdp-., cdc ehuyen vidn eQng gap khdng it eae bae cha mp co
dQa con thdng minh, khod mgnh nhung Igi khdng de dang dat

thdnh cdng nhu y... Phan Idn edc bgc cha me ngdy nay, nhat Id
vung dd thi, thudng tgp frung "boi dudng" eho eon hpc that
nhilu, hpc cho gidi d l cd nghe nghiep on d\nh sau nay ma it
quan tdm hode khdng bilt cdeh nudi dudng edm xQc cho con.
Mdt dQa trd trudng thdnh khdng the ehl tang ehilu eao, can
ndng, md edn phli dUpe phat triln v l mat elm xQe.
C^f s6 EQ jd ehf s6 ed t h i thay doi vd phu thude vao nhilu
ylu to gido dye cQa xa hdi vd dge bidt Id ciJa gia dinh. Ndi each
khde, bd^mp vdi nd lye vd y thQc eua minh ed the nang cao chl
s6 EQ eiia con. Vide gido dye tinh cam phai dupc thye hidn tU
khi tre edn nho, he than kinh ehUa trudng thdnh, ed nhieu eP
hpi tilp nhdn nhCfng edm xuc mdi. EQ khdng ddi lap vdi IQ, md
myc dfch eQa gido due la phdt triln song song hai ch? sd nay.
Cd nhOtig ngudi dupe thien phQ ea hai, nhUng khdng It ngudi Igi
thilu ed hai. Dgy eon tU lue con edn nhd, dQ luc tre ehUa ndi
dupe, nhung tre van hodn toan hieu dupe. Cha mg khdng the
ch? gidng gili cho con v l EQ bang ngdn ngQ ma ldi sdng, each
cu xii eiia bd mg mdi Id bai hpc thiet Uiye eho con.
Gia dinh ehfnh la mdi trudng dau tidn md con fre tim hilu
v l cdc j^lrn xQe cua minh. Mdi gia dinh cd nhieu kilu khdc
nhau de bilu Id cam xue, mdt so thanh vien It ndi v l edc trgng
thdi tinh cam eiia minh nhung mdt so ngudi khde Igi rat cdi md
khi chia se edm xuc cua minh.., Kieu bilu Id cam xQc cua cdc
thdnh vien khdng quan trpng, van de quan trpng la gia dinh
phai trd Uianh mdt npi md mpi ngudi cd t h i chia se an todn hay
khdng. Khi mpi ngudi phai che giau cam xuc hogc khdng kilm
sodt dupc cdm xuc, thi mpi ngudi se bi ton thUPng.
Trd eon rut ra nhQng bdi hpc quyet djnh d i n ca ddi minh tQ
nhQng tlnh hudng trong gia dinh. Trong "ngdi trUdng" dau tien
ndy, chUngjihan dupe sy gido dye xQe cam, Id n i n tang de tgo

ra quan diem v l ban thdn, hpc dUpc each doan xem ngudi
khdc se phsm Qng nhu t h i ndo vdi cam xOe cua minh, ddng thdi
hpc dupe edch phin Qng hpp ly. Sy gido dye nay dUpc thye
hi§n qua edch d l i xQ cQa cha mg vdi eon eai: khie nghidt hay
thdng edm, dQng dung hay ydu thUdng... Ben canh do, chQng

edn thu ludm nhilu bdi hpc tQ cdeh bo mp t h i higntinhcam vdl
nhau. Dau hieu ciia bae cha mp bilt each Idm diem tya cho
con edi td dupe eon cai ludn ydu thUdng vd mudri tilp xQc, T£f
dd, con cai hp se de lam chu xuc cam, ty tran tTnh khi gap
chuyen ngodi y mudn va ft bye minh. Ve mgt sinh hpc, chOng
cd tjr le hormone eCia stress vd ch? so rli nhieu xuc cdm thfc,
hQa hpn sQc khde tdt. V l mgt xa hdi, ehQng dupe bgn be, thay
cd yeu qu^ b6i edch Qng xQ thdng mmh, tinh edm...
Cha mp can dgy eho con sy ty tn, bilt ro nang lyc eiia minh.
Nhieu bdc cha me thudng ddnh gid kha nang eiia eon qud ml^c
khiln eho dQa frd ty eao, hode ddnh gia qud thip se khiln cho
dQafrety ti, ho^ nghi vdo khd nang eiia minh. Khi eon phgm sai
Idm, eha me vdi qudt thdo, la mang thi khdng the dgy con kha
ndng kiem ehl. NhQng xung ndng ban nang phli dUpc kilm soa!
va binh tiiih giai quylt v ^ de nlu khdng xung nangtinhcam cda
dQa eon se bpc phdt mdt each tieu cyc. DQa tre se phCi nhdn, ca
lgi. Chfnh sy khdng kiem che cQa ba mp d i n d i n sy khdng kilm
c h l cua dCte eon. Mdi khi eon vap nga, bj diem kem.., cha me
khdng nen ch? la ray con, ma biln dd thanh cd hpi d l luydn cho
con ddng cd phan dau, kien tri vUpt qua. Trong edng vide cua
minh, khi gap IQc khd khdn, cha me cung hay cho con bilt rang
minh dang co gang vUdt qua.
ChQng ta biet rang elm xQc giQp chQng ta giai quylt hidu
qua cac v i n d l trong cupc song. NhQng ngQdi co kha ndng

kilm sodt edm xuc se t ^ kha ndng kilm che cdng thing tot hdn
vd cd nhQng mdi quan hp tot hdn. Hpc cdeh phdn bidt va kiem
sodt cam xQe cQa minh khdng bao gid Id qud sdm hay qud
mudn. Trong phgm vi gia dinh, cha mg can phdi dieu ch?nh
cam xQc khi dgy do con cai. Mdt dQa tre hU hdng, nghjch pha,
dng bo lgi qud gidn dQ, ba m? lai qua mim mdng; d i eha m?
deu can dilu chfnh cam xuc, d l dQa trd hilu nd cin phai thay
doi hanh vi nhu the nao. Sy thau cdm is fre Igi Id Idng nhdn di,
bilt thUdng cd con vat, cay co. Phdt huy sy thIu cam cOa con
edi bang each hUdng ddn fre bilt each giup dd, chia sd vdi
nhQng ngudi bat hgnh, kem may man. Va culi cung Id tfnh
thdn Igc quan. Mdt d n j bd, bd me ludn rdn rf, trdch mde cu6c
ddi till dQa frd eung de bj nhiem khdng khf ndng n l dd„.
III. KET LUAN
Tdm lgi, nlu IQ danh gid v l ndng lyc tu duy, duy IJf, m6t
dilu Iden can d l thanh dgt v l mat hpc thudt, thi EQ Id ylu td
quyet djnh sy thdnh dgt v i loi s6ng trong cupc ddi. NhQng diJa
tre dupc bd me quan tam vd nudi dUBng ^ t v l mdt d m xuc
ludn thdnh cdng hdn v l mat thiet ldp cdc quan hd xa hpi, m$l
trong nhCmg y l u td rat quan frpng, de dgt d i n trii nghiem hgnh
phuc...
TAI UEU THAM KHAO:
[1 ]. Till Anh - Minh Chdu, JVuo/con mau/dn vddn'con fhdnfitf,
2005, Nxb Thanh Hda
[2]. M^ Huong (tuyln sogn), K/v(rnft yeu cdn dbbng, 2005), Nxb
Vdnhdath&ngtin.
[3], PhUdng Nga, Lam Trinh (bi§n sogn), IQ - EQ ndng cao, 2007,
NxbLaodOngxahpl.
[4]. Vidt PhUdng, Tdn Ngha (bidn sogn), Nudi dgyfrdtrd ldn thfing
minh, tai gi6,2007, Nxb \«n hda thdng tin.