Cách ứng phó với áp lực tâm lý của trẻ lao động sớm

P^feJ^sfi 10-2012 mme^sm-

Cach img pho vcfi ap lire tam If
cua tre lao dong sGfm
HUYNH VAN S(JN - NGUYEN THI NHUNG
Tdm tdt
Ong phd tfim IJ Ifi mpt qua trinh thudng dDpc con ngDdi sif
dyng khi doi mfil vdi cfic ap lyc tfim ly. Trong nghien cDu nay
chiing tfii dfi sii dyng bipn phap nghien cDu bang bang hdi ke't
hpp vdi phdng vSn sfiu d l lim hilu thyc trgng each Dng phd
vdi ap lyc tfim 1^* cda tre lao ddng sdm (TLDS) lgi mot so
qufin n$i thfinh d TP, Hd Chi Minh hien nay, Khao sat cho
thay, trong ba kilu Dng phd vdi fip iDc tam ly la thay ddi, dieu
chfnh c&m xOc; thay ddi, dieu chlnh suy nghTva thay doi, dieu
chfnh hanh vi thl cfich Dng phd mfi TLDS iDa chpn nhieu nhat
lfi thay ddi, dilu chlnh cam xDc, tiep den la thay ddi, dieu
chlnh hfinh vl va cudi cDng mdi den thay doi, dieu chinh suy
nghT, Trong cfic kilu Dng phd nay cd nhDng cfich Dng phd tich
ciic vfi ch nhDng each Dng phd ti6u eye,

I. DAT VAN o i
Hl$n nay d nude ta, qua trinh dd thj hoa ngay eang phat
triln, kfio theo nhilu h§ lyy, mdt Irong sd dd la tinh trang Ire
em lang thang, lao d$ng sdm ngfiy eang tfing nhanh, tap
trung ddng 6 efie khu cdng nghiep, dd Ihi Idn. Tre tham gia
lao d$ng sdm ddng nghTa vdi vi^c cac em khdng duoc di hpe,
vui choi giai tri va Iham gia cfic djch vy xa hdi ma dang le cac
em phfii dupe thy hudng. Khi Iham gia lao ddng, tre em chUa
nhfin bilt dDpc gia trj sDc lao dpng cua minh bd ra, vi the, cac
em thudng bj bdc l^t, lpi dyng sDc lao ddng. bit buoc lam
vi§c nhilu hdn trong khi tiln edng lgi tra it hdn. Trude nhOng

fip lyc lfim ly, mdi em tgi chpn eho minh mot each Dng phd
khfic nhau, trong Ihye te, cd rat nhilu TLDS chDa Ilm ra dDdc

nhQng each Dng phd phu hdp, Vi the, viee lim hieu nhDng
each Dng phd cua Ire trudc nhDng ap lyc lfim ly, ID dd de xuat
nhDng bien phfip giup cfic em biel each Dng phd lich cUc vdi
ap luc tam ly Ifi mdt dieu hel sDc can thilt vfi cap bfich

II. GIAI QUYET VAN DE
2.1. PhDdng phap va khach the nghien cDu
Nghien cDu dUdc tien hanh tren 114 TLDS lai 3 quan ndi
thanh b TP. Hd Chf Minh (quan 1, qufin 8 vfi quan Tan Binh)
Trong nghien cDu nay chung toi sDdyng phdi hdp cfic phudng
phap nhU: phUdng phap phan tich vfi long hpp ly thuyet,
phuong phap dieu tra blng bang hdi, phdng van vfi phUdng
phap thdng igap khd khan va phan tich tfii lieu v l cfic logi Dng phd, chung
tdi xay dung bang hdi gom 4 cau hdi nhfim khao sfit 14 cfich
Dng phd pho bie'n nha't d TLDS, dDpc phan trong ba nhdm Ifi
thay ddi, dieu chinh cam xuc; Ihay doi, dieu ehinh suy nghTva
thay ddi, dieu chinh hanh vi Moi nhdm cd cac each IhDc bieu
hien va Dng XL/ khfic nhau, Khaeh the dfinh gifi cfic cfich Dng
xD theo 5 mDc dd ID "ral thudng xuyen" (1 dilm), "IhUdng
xuyen" (2 dilm), "thinh thoang" (3 diem), "hilm khi" (4 dilm)
den "khdng bao gid" (5 diem). Nhuvay, trong nghi§ncDu nfiy,
neu Ire dgl dilm cfing thap trong mpt thang danh gia nao dd
cang cd xu hudng lua chpn each Dng phd cua thang dfinh gifi
dd, ngDpc lai, neu Ire cd sd dilm cfing cao Ihi il sD dyng cfich
Dng pho ma thang diem dinh do
2.2. Ket qua nghien cDu

a) Cac kieu Ong pho ca ban eua TLDS

Bang 1: Cac kieu Dng phd cd ban vdi fip IUc tfim ly

Thijr hang 1
Cdch irng pho

DTB

T^nso

59

Thay d6i, di^u chinh cam xuc

1.72

Thay d6i. digu chinh suy nghT

2 46

6

Thay d6i, dieu chinh hilnh vi

1.85

45

%

Thij hang 2
Tan so

%

Thirhanji 3
Tan so

1

%

28

24.6

27

5.3

49

43 0

59

51 S

39 5

41

36.0

28

24.6

51 8

23 7


%m-

g - A ^ ^ ^ ^ J t - a m c a a so 10-2012 D g l f e g ^

Bang 1 eho thay, trong ba nhdm each Dng phd vdi cac ap
iDc trong cupe sdng thay ddi, dieu chinh cam xuc; thay ddi,
dilu chlnh suy nghTva thay ddi, dilu chlnh hfinh vi thi each
Dng phd mfi TLDS iDa chon nhilu nhat la thay doi, dieu chinh
cam xuc (dilm trung binh (0TB) = 1,72), tiep den lfi Ihay doi,
dieu chlnh hanh vi (DTB = 1.85), cudi cDng la thay ddi, dieu
ehfnh suy nghT (OTB= 2,46), Xem xet kel qua xep hgng cfic
nhdm ve each Dng phd ehung la cung nhfin thay thay doi,
dieu chlnh cam xDc dDdc da sd cac em xep d thD hgng 1
(51,8%) cho Ihay, iDa chpn dau lien cua cfic em khi gap fip
iDc lam ly chinh la thay ddi, dieu ehinh cam xDc eua ban than
Mdi nhdm Dng phd vdi ap iDc tam 1^ lai cd nhDng bieu

hien khae nhau, Cu the, nhdm Dng phd thay ddi, dieu
chinh ban than bao gdm: thay doi cam gific ben trong,
thay ddi tinh cam the hien ra ben ngofii vfi tim kiem ehd
dua tinh cam Nhdm Ung phd thay ddi suy nghT bao
gdm: phu nhfin, chfi'p nhfin ap luc, ly giai Iheo hDdng lieu

CMC, tfch CMC va lang tranh. Nhdm Dng phd thay ddi hfinh
vi bao gdm: kiem c h l bfin than, thay t h l bang hanh vi
tieu cue, tieh cUc, tim k i l m ldi khuyen va ldn ke hogch
Dng phd chu dpng. Dya vao each phfin chia nfiy, chung
ldi di sfiu lim h i l u trong tDng nhdm Dng phd tre dfi cd
nhQng b i l u hien cy t h l nao de giai quyet cfic fip lyc. Kit
qua thu dupc nhD sau:
b) Nhom dng phd thay dot Dnh cam
Phfin tfch sd lieu 6 bang 2 eho Ihay, DTB cua cfic
bieu hien nam trong khoang tD 3.06 den 3.61, day la
mde diem nam d mde TB (rieng bieu hien lim kilm chd
dya tinh cam d mDc hiem khi), cd nghTa la v l tdng qual,
thinh Ihoang TLDS van sD dyng cfic k i l u Dng phd nay de
ddi mat vdi nhDng ap liie trong cude sdng. So sanh DTB
Irong cac bieu hien cua nhdm Dng phd nay la thay Ire sif
dyng nhilu nha't la eae each Dng phd trong Ihay ddi linh
cam t h l hien ra ben ngoai (DTB thap nh^t la 3.06).

Bang 2: Cach irng phd cy the trong nhom thay ddi cam xiic cua TLDS
Mi>cd6
ifNG PHO THAY D 6 I TINH CAM

Cam giac b£n trong
1. Cam thay buon chan

2. Thay the gidi dirtmg nhu vo nghTa
3. Khong con tin vao cupc song
4. Co cam giac lo lang, bat an
Tinh cam the hien ra ben ngoai
1. An khong thay ngon mieng
2. Khoe
3. Birc bgi, cau gat
4. Bon chon, boi roi khong biet lam gl
Tim l(iem cho dtra tinh cam
1. Ke voi ban be suy nghi cua minh
2. Nhan dugc su thong cam, an ui tir nhung
nguoi khac
3. Noi voi bo me nhirng dieu minh lo ling

BTB

Rat thucmg
xuyen

Thuang
xuyen

Thinh
thoang

Hiem
khi

Khong
bao gio

21
(18.4%)
4
(3.5%)
4
(3.5%)
11
(9.6%)

24
(21.1%)
6
(5.3%)
2
(1.8%)
32
(28.1%)

38
(33.3%)
18
(15.8%)
29
(25.4%)
33
(28.9%)

18
(15.8%)

55
(48.2%)
50
(43.9%)
30
(26.3%)

13
(11.4%)
31
(27.2%)
29
(25.4%)
8
(7.0%)

2
(1.8%)
10 •
(8.8%)
13
(11.4%)
7
(6.1%)

29
(25.4%)
41
(36.0%)
0

(0%)
12
(10.5%)

38
(33.3%)
32
(28.1%)
34
(29.8%)
48
(42.1%)

30
(26.3%)
31
(27.2%)
51
(44.7%)
39
(34.2%)

15
(13.2%)
0
(0%)
16
(14.0%)
8
(7.0%)

13
(11.4%)
8
(7.0%)
2
(1.8%)

43
(37.7%)
21
(18.4%)
1
(0.9%)

20
(17.5%)
32
(28.1%)
17
(14.9%)

14
24
(21.1%) (12.3%)
49
4
(43.0%) (3.5%)
60
34

(52.6%) (29.8%)

3.20
2.81
3.90
3.86
2.93
3.06
3.24
2.74
3.50
3.25
3.61
2.85
3.18
4.08


Dgl/yaHpC S610-2012 ^ i * -

tL^

Kiiu dng phd Ihay dii cam giic tiin trong.
Sd ligu nghidn cdu cho thSy, trong nhdm nay cd hai
each Dng phd bieu hign cao nhat (DTB dDdi 3.5 diem),
xIp vfio mDc TB. Dd la each Dng phd "cam thay buon
chan" (DTB= 2.81). Dfiy Ifi ckm xdc am tinh xuat hien khi
CO nay sinh fip luc tam ly vfi la mdt trong nhQng b i l u hien
dS nh$n thiy nhSt cua ngDdi bj fip lyc 1am ly. Cd 39,5%
TLDS thudng xuyfin roi vfio tinh trgng nfiy, trong dd, ty le

Ire chpn mDc rSx thudng xuyfin (RTX) len tdi 18.4%, chl
cd 11.4% trS chDa bao gid cam thay budn chan, Cfich
Dng phd thd hai Ifi ed cSm gific lo lang, bal an. Cd ldi
37.7% TLDS IhDdng xuyfin cd cam giac nfiy, Irong dd, ed
9 6% tre lya chpn mde d$ RTX.
Kiiu dng pho thay ddi tinh eim thi hien ra ben ngoar.
Trong nhdm cfich Dng phd thay ddi llnh cam the hien
ra bfin ngofii. chDng tdi nhgn thay cd hai cfich Dng xD cd
DTB thap hdn 3.5, nam trong mDc TB la chfin an vfi
khde, Cach dng phd Ihd nhat la chan an (DTB= 3.24),
Day la mdt Irong nhDng cfich Dng phd lam iinh hudng tdi
sDc khde cDa con ngudi vfi cung Ifi each Dng phd mfi con
ngUdi thDdng hay sd dyng. Khi gap ehuyen budn buc,
cam gific ngon mi^ng hoac them an trong eon ngudi giam
di ro r§l. Vi vfiy, cd tdi 27.2% Ire IhUdng xuyen sD dung
cfich Dng phd nay khi ddi mat vdi cfic fip lyc lfim ly. Binh
thudng, do dieu kien thieu thdn, bDa an cua TLDS khdng
dupc d l y dO, ddi khi cdn qua loa cho xong bDa nen mdi
khi budn bi/c, viec cae em bd bDa lfi chuyen rSt d i xay ra
Hfinh vi thD hai cung dUpe cae em Ihue hien khfi nhieu
khi g§p fip lye tam ly lfi khde vdi DTB 2,74, thupc mDc dd
IhinhthofingnhDngcungratgan vdi mDc dp IhDdng xuyen,
cho Ihly TLDS thDdng sD dyng cfich Dng phd nfiy, Khde
Ifi cfich ddn gian nh^l mfi ai cung cd I h l lam de giai tda
lfim 1^. VI vfiy, t^ Ifi Ire thudng xuyen sD dyng each Dng
phd nfiy chilm 44,8%, gan V2 mau,
Kiiu dng phd tim kiim ehd dda tinh cam.
Trong nhdm cfich Dng phd lim kiem chd dUa linh cam,
ngudi nghifin cDu dfic bifit quan tam tdi each Dng xD ndi
vdl bd mg nhdng dieu minh io lfing, dieu nay the hien su

tin tudng cua Ire ddi vdi eha m§ vfi sy quan tam cua cha
mg tdl tre. DTB cua cfich Dng phd nay kha eao (4,08), rdi
vao mDc hiem khi, Cd 82 4% tre thinh Ihoang noi vdi bo
mg nhDng dieu mfi tre lo lang, trong dd, ly le tre khdng
bao gid lam dieu nay (chiem 29,8%). Chi cd 1 8% tre
RTX va 0.9% tre thDdng xuyen ehia se vdi eha me tfim tu
cua minh. NhU vfiy, cd the ndi TLDS khdng cd thdi quen
chia s l nhOng khd khan cua minh vdi bo me, TLDS deu
xull thfin ID nhflng gia dinh cd hofin eanh khd khan, vi
vfiy, cha mg dfinh ra't nhilu thdi gian vfio mdu sinh, thdi
• gian cho eon cai bj rDt ngfin tdi mDc tdi thieu Hp khdng
c6 thdi gian d l nghT tdi nhflng tam IU, tinh cam cua con,
, nhOng dilu lo lang ma con minh dang gap phai,^Ben
cgnh do, cha mp chua phai la ddi IDpng tin cay de Ire
chia sd nhflng khd khan cua minh Ly do IhD ba ed the
dSn tdi thye trgng nfiy la tre khdng mudn eho champ biet
. nhOng khd khfin cua minh vi sp cha mp lo lfing
Cfich Dng xD cd DTB thfi'p nhat trong nhdm, each Dng
phd tlm kilm ch6 dya linh cam lfi ke vdi ban be nhflng
suy nght cua minh (DTB= 2 85). Day lfi mDc diem nfim
I'ong khodng TB (49.1%). TLDS thUdng xuyfin ehpn each

flng phd nfiy Tinh bgn Ifi mdt trong nhflng mdi quan tfim
ldn nhat cua Ifla ludi thilu nifin. Trong quan hfi bgn be.
cac em ddi vdi nhau ral chan tinh, cdi md, s i n sfing giDp
dd nhau khi ggp khd khan, hoan nan, Tre cd t h l tin IDdng
vfi k l eho bgn nghe nhDng dieu tham kin nhat cua minh,
O dfiy, TLDS cung khdng ngogi le trong ddng phat trien
lam ly ay, Cfic em ed t h l giau cha me nhUng san sfing
chta se vdi ban nhDng cam xuc, kho khan mfi minh dang

trai qua,
Cae hanh vi edn lai ed DTB ral cao (tren 3 diem) vfi
Ihdng ke d cae mDe dp RTX va IhDdng xuyen rat thap,
cho thay TLDS il sD dung eac each Dng phd nay khi ddi
dien vdi nhDng fip IDc tam ly,
c) Nhdm Dng phd thay ddi, dieu chinh suy nghT
Cfic nhdm bieu hien Irong kieu Dng phd thay ddi suy
nghT deu cd DTB tren 3,0 (IrD nhdm lang Iranh cfic ap
iDc) cho tha'y, TLDS thinh thoang cd sD dung cac each
Dng phd nay khi ddi mat vdi cfic ap lUC lam ly, Noi bal
nhat trong kieu Dng phd nfiy Ifi nhom Dng phd "lang trfinh
cac ap luc" (DTB= 2,50), Day la mDe diem n l m trong
khoang thudng xuyen cho thay TLDS cd xu hudng sD
dyng nhieu cae bien phfip nay khi gap ap lyc tam ly
Xem xet IDng bien phfip cu the Irong nhdm ta Ihay ca hai
bien phap nay deu hudng tdi vipc cau mong, nhd cay sy
giDp dd cua eac ye'u id sieu nhien, than thanh giup Ire
VUdl qua nhQng khd khfin hien tai, Cd tdi 41,3% Ire lya
chpn d mDc dp thDdng xuyen "hi vpng ed mdt phep mau
de thay ddi dieu nfiy" (Irong dd lya chpn "rat thudng xuyen"
chiem ty le 24,6%) va 45 6% Ire lya ehpn mDc dp thDdng
xuyen "cau mong sU giDp dd eua Tien Phfit" (trong dd Ipa
chpn "ral IhUdng xuyen" chiem 23 7%) da chDng lo dieu
nfiy Con ngDdi thDdng cau xm tdi than thfinh khi nhflng
khd khfin cua cudc sdng IhUc lgi da thUe sy vudi qufi kha
nang giai quyet cua hp, 6 day, TLDS thDdng phai ddi
mat vdl rat nhieu bal trfic trong cupc song ma ban thfin
cac em khdng giai quyel dDdc va viec vfio chua l l Phat
hay di nha Ihd eau nguyen DDc Chua la mdt viec lam
giup cac em co the giai Ida nhDng vDdng mfic Irong Idng

va cau xin, mong mudn cd the thay ddi dupc IhUc tgi
Hai nhdm Dng phd cd DTB nfim trong khoang Ihinh
Ihoang cua kieu Dng phd thay ddi suy nghTIa ly giai theo
hudng tich cUc (DTB= 3 19) vfi Ueu cDc (DTB= 3.37).
Day la hai nhdm Dng phd trai ngUpe ntiau, luy nhien,
DTB cua ca hai nhdm deu xap xi nhau chDng td TLDS
khi gfip ap IDC tfim ly tre cd the Dng phd bfing nhflng suy
nghT lieh cDc, ddi lue ly giai theo hudng lieu eye, Trong
nhom ly giai theo hydng tich cDc, chung ldi chu y d i n
each Dng phd tich eye, nhd dd cac em hieu ai la ngudi lot
vdi minh (DTB = 2,82) vdi ty ie tre chpn iDa mDc dd
thDdng xuyen len tdi 43% D i l u nay eho thay TLDS da
bilt nhin ra nhDng diem lich cUC khi gap fip lpc tfim ly vfi
ly giai no Iheo each nfiy de cd I h l vupl qua dupe Tuy
nhien. cung trong nhom cfich Dng pho ly giai theo hudng
tieh eye, d bien phfip "ap lyc giup minh Ifim vific hi§u qua
tidn". cd tdl 74 5% tre lya chpn mde dd hiem khi ly giai
su vific theo each nfiy (Irong dd. ly lg khdng bao gid len
tdi 48 2%). Dieu nfiy cd the cho thay nhDng fip IDC ma
(Xem tiip trang 71)


n»»:?^

?1

so 10-2012 I

gid diu cd nhiem vg mue liSu ro ring. Khi da cd thdi gian
bieu vi ndi dung cdng viic, can phii gid dung khdng dddc

bd qua mgt eii gi,khdng dddc dio ldn.
Nguyen tgc 8: Day hgc - giao due phii tien hfinli
thi/dng xuygn lien tuc cho den khi dat dfldc ket qua,
khdng de vigc day hoc bj chi phdi, gifin doan hofic bd
dd.
Se ii.X dang tiec khi hgc sinh d i u Ifl nam thang vao viec
hpc hanh roi sau dd bd bang d^y chiing vfio nhQng cdng
vific khdng thich hdp. Hogc cDng Ifi dfing tiec khi thay giao
day kien thQc cho hpc sinh khdng den ndi den chdn, gid hpc
khdng cd cai sUdn nhfi't dmh, khien cho thay cung nhu trd
khdng hap thu Ihem dieu gi mdi, Komensky da dQa ra ldi
khuyen rfing: Khi mot hgc sinh dddC giao phd cho nha trddng,
tiaydecho no duge hgc hinh tdi noi tdi chin, vilrithOc, dao
dOc cOng nho niem tin. Nha Irddng nen dat d ndi yin tinh.
tranh xa sO on ao. Dieu gi da quy dinh cin lim thi hay lim
bang duge, khdng bo dd. Bo mac trodng Idp vi hgc sinh (du
d bat cO ly do nio) li dieu khdng cho bit cd nhi giao due
nao
Nguyen tac 9: Khong fam ton thfldng hoc sinh, day
hpc - giao dye phai dim bao chic chin, tranh a\i hoai
nghi ve tri thdc va long tin ciia hgc sinh.
Giao due dgo dQc cho hoc sinh rat quan Irong.
Chim me ap IrQng, sudi am to, che chd cho chim
con NgUdi thp xay bao quan val lieu xfiy dUng d nOi khS rao,
khflng d^ hu hgi, Ngudi hpa sT khong bad gid de' bQc tranh
mdi ve 6 ndi byi bam. Mpt cay non vQa mdi trdng Iuon dQdc
ngUdi Ifim vudn cham sdc, bao vp ..
Trong nha trudng thddng xay ra vific Ifi khi cac em bill
6iii mdt bfii hpc nao dd, ngudi la iHudrig gpi nen v^n de con
bfin cai, Di^u nay de tgo cho hpe sinh sU hoai nghi vd nhQng

difiu sip hpc, Vigc lfim nay chang khfic gi la lung lay mpl
Ihfin cfiy nhd be khi nd s i p sQa mpe re Neu bit dau viec
hpc v^n bang mdt cudc tranh cfii se khd ma thfim nhfip
nhiing didu ed ban cua chfin li' Cho ndn se Ifi khdng biel
difiu khi cho Idp tre tiep can vdi nhflng loai sfich cd ndi dung
mflfim,quanh co, re tien hay moi irudfig xa hdi khdng lanh
mgnh. Va Komensky da khuyen nhfi giao rang; Khdng nin
Irao eho hoc smh nhdng gi ngoii pham vi quy dinh cua nhi
tn/dng. Sach phii ddgc bien soan xdng dang vdi eai ten ggi
ik phiu rdt In thOc. dao dOc vi Idng tin Khdng cho phep
budng long dao dOc d trang cung nhO ngoai nha trOdng.
Trfin dfiy Ifi mdl phan npi dung nhd trong tac pham, tfic
giS bai viel manh dan xm dUpc trao ddi vdi ban dpc gan xa,
tl4 vgn dyng vao thyc tiln cong tafl cua minh, vdi mong
mudn gdpphin thyc hi§n td't chude nam hpC 2012 - 2013.
" NSm hge xiy ddng ky cddng vi nang cao chit lUpng Chuin b'l dii mdi cin bin, toin dign giao dud'.

CACH UfNG PHO.
(Tiip theo trang 61)
TLDS gap phai khdng IhQc sU cd lfic ddng Ihuc day tinh
than Ifim viec cua Ire. Tuy vfiy, trong kieu Qng phd Ihay
*Di hanh vi, TLDS cd xu hudng sd dyng cfic bien phap
mang tinh lich cQc nhU: xin ldi khuygn, len ke hogch Qng
phd, sfip xep Igi eupc sdng, choi the Ihao, dpc truygn de
quen di ap ipc. NhOng hanh vi mang linh tieu cUc nhu
udng rupu bia, chat kich (hich, gfiy gd, danh nhau, gian
dQ vdi ngudi khac hay bd di lang Ihang, nhUng da sd cac
tre deu khdng ehpn each Qng phd nay
III. KET LUAN
TLDS tai mot sd qufin ndi Ihfinh d TP Hd Chi Mmh

sd dyng nhieu each Qng phd vdi fip lUc tfim ly khfic nhau
Ben cgnh cac each Qng phd lich eye mang lgi higu qua
cao khi Qng phd vdi ap IUc lam ly nhu len ke hogch, sap
xep lai cupe sdng, nhd sp giup cda mpi ngudi Ihi TLDS
v l n sd dung cfic each Qng phd lieu cue, kem hieu qufi
nhu udng rupu bia, chat kich Ihieh, dd ldi cho ban thfin,
cau sQ giup dd ciia Than Phfit hay bd di lang Ihang. Td
kel qufi nghien cQu tren, cd the de xual mdl sd kien nghi
trong cdng lfic gifio dye ky nang Ung phd vdi fip iQc tfim
ly cho TLDS nhU sau: To chdc tap huan cho tre eac npi
dung ve cac tac nhan gfiy ap luc lam ly, dfie diem lfim ly
ciia b§n than va cfic ngudn IQc cung nhu nhDng phUdng
phfip cu the de hinh thanh each Qng phd tich cUc, phdi
hdp vdl cac cd sd bao irp xfi hpi va cac nhan vien cdng
tac xa hpi tang cQdng tU van cfi nhfin cho Ire gap nhQng
van de lfim ly Day tre each IhQ gian, each sfip xe'p cupc
sdng mot each khoa hpc, kel hpp lam wiec vfi nghi ngoi,
sdng thanh than vfi hai idng vdi cudc sdng Khuye'n khich
Ire Viet nhal ky, choi the thao va dpc them sach vd nhQng
khi ranh roi. Tang cQdng cdng tac ren luyen ky nang sdng
cho cac em, ttong dd cd ky nang Qng phd vdi fip iQc tfim
ly Irong cac budi Iruyen thdng Ban than mdi TLDS can
biel each ngan ngUa, iQa ehpn cfich Qng phd higu qua khi
ddi mat vdi ap lUc tam ly

TAI LIEU THAIVI KHAO
1. LUU Song Ha, ••Mdl so kho khan irong hpc tfip CLia tre VI
thanh men va each Ung pho ciia cac em', Tgp chl Tam ly hgc. so
4/2005,trang 45-51
2. Tran Thi Tu Anh. "Budc dau sii dgng thang do ung pho cua

tre VI thanh men ACS de tim hieu dac diem Qng pho vdi kho khfin
cua tre vi thanh men TP Hue". Tap chl Tim ly hgc. sd 10/2010,
irang 20-29,
3 Le Thl Thanh Thuy. "Stress trong hpc lfip vfi cach Qng pho
ciia hoc smh cudi cap trung hpc pho thong" Tgp chl Tim ly hgc
so 4/2009, trang 22-27
TAI LI^U THAM KHAO
4 Tran Thl Kim Hug •'SCi dyng Test CSidI khfio sat ky nfing
1 .Jan Amos Komensky - Thien dUdng cua trfii tim - NXB Ngogi
Qng pho vdi stress ciia smh vign Trudng DH Pham Vfin Ddng
vWooi
(Quang Ngal)^ Ky ydu Hdi thio Khoa hgc qudc ti Tim ly hgc
2,GS-TSKH Thai Duy Tuygn - Gifio due hign dai (Nhung noi
dddng tan thO 3. NXB Dgi hpc Su phgm TP HCM, 2012. trang
dung CO bin)-NXB Dgi hpc Qudc gia Ha N6i-2001,
365- 372.
3. http. www.com/ suy ngam. diem sach hay
5. Phan Thi Mai HUOng Cfich Qng phd cua trA v| thanh nien
vdi hoan canh kho khan NXB Khoa hgcxi hdi. H. 2007