LUYỆN TẬP VỀ THỂ GIẢ ĐỊNH (TÀI LIỆU BÀI GIẢNG) doc

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Luyện tập về thể giả định

Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trường chung của học trò Việt
Tổng đài tư vấn: 1900 58-58-12
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PART I. THE PAST SUBJUNCTIVE

The past subjunctive is the form which is not true at present and in the past. It appears in:

1. The conditional “type II” and “type III”
- Type II: If the Earth were an apple, I would eat it.
- Type III: If it hadn’t rained yesterday, I would have gone a picnic.

2. The structure: Đã đến lúc …
It’s time ………………
It’s high time………… S + V
(past subjunctive)
(be = were)
It’s about time ……….
Ex: It’s high time we worked harder. Đã đến lúc chúng ta cần làm việc chăm chỉ hơn.

3. The structure: as if/ as though: như thể là …
a. S + V(present simple) + as if/ as though + S + V(past subjunctive) (be = were)
Cách sử dụng: Dùng trong câu không có thực ở hiện tại.
Ex: She loves me as if/ as though she were my mother

b. S + V(past simple) + as if/ as though + S + V(past perfect)
Cách sử dụng: Dùng trong câu không có thực trong quá khứ.
Ex: She talked as if/ as though she had known I was ill.

Notes: So sánh: as if (though) và seem (appear)
Các từ trên đều biểu thị: dường như, có vẻ … nhưng có sự khác nhau.
+ seem và appear: là kể về sự thực hoặc gần như sự thực  dung dạng câu bình thường.
+ as if và as though: trên thực tế là không phải, mà chỉ là “tựa như”.
Trong trường hợp “as if (though)” gặp phải “it seems…” thì ta có thể dung như “seem” để biểu thị có khả
năng là sự thực.
Ex: There are black clouds in the sky, It looks as if it’s going to rain.

4. The structure: would rather: ai đó thích ai đó làm gì hơn
S + would rather + S + V(past subjunctive) (be = were)
Ex: I would rather you stayed at home.

5. The structure: wishes: ước
a. wishes for future and present:
S + wish(es) (that) + S + V(past subjunctive) (be = were)
Ex: - I don’t live in Ho Chi Ming city now

I wish (that) I lived in Ho Chi Minh city now.
LUYỆN TẬP VỀ THỂ GIẢ ĐỊNH
(TÀI LIỆU BÀI GIẢNG)
Giáo viên: VŨ THỊ MAI PHƯƠNG

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Giáo viên: V
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Mai Phương

Luyện tập về thể giả định

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Tổng đài tư vấn: 1900 58-58-12
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- I can’t play the piano

I wish I could play the piano.

Notes: S + wish(es) + S + would + V(inf) được dùng trong các trường hợp sau:
- Có các trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong tương lai: tomorrow, next week/ month…
Ex: He will not visit me tomorrow

I wish he would visit me tomorrow
- Nói về thời tiết: khi người nói không bằng lòng với tình trạng thời tiết hiện tại và mong nó thay đổi.
Ex: It’s raining now

I wish it would stop raining.
- Người nói không hài lòng với tình cách của ai đó và mong nó thay đổi.
Ex: Lan always goes to school late

I wish Lan wouldn’t go to school late.

b. Wishes for the past (không có thực trong quá khứ)
S + wish + (that) + S + V(past perfect)
Ex: I didn’t know you were ill

I wish I had known you were ill.
Notes: if only = I wish/ we wish
Ex: If only you were here now

PART II: SUBJUNCTIVE SENTENCE

Là hình thức dùng động từ nguyên thể khi động từ đó đứng sau một số động từ và tính từ nhất định để chỉ
ai đó muốn ai đó làm gì. Trong câu bắt buộc phải có “that”.

1. S + V(any tenses) + that + S + (should) + V(inf)
Demand = require = request, advise = recommend, ask, suggest, urge, insist (nài nỉ), order, propose,
prefer
Ex: The doctor suggested that he (should) stop smoking.
We proposed that he go to school on time
Note: Nếu không có “that” ta dùng cấu trúc: S + V(any tenses) + sb to do st

2. It + to be(any tenses) + adj + that + S + (should) + V(inf)
Important, necessary = essential, urgent, recommended, suggested…
Ex: it was important that he stay in bed for a few days.

EXERCISES ON SUBJUNCTIVE

I. Choose the best answer in brackets by underlining it
1. He asked me (do/ to do/ doing) my homework before going to bed.
2. Mary suggested that they (go/ are going/ went) together.
3. It is necessary that she (understand/ understands/ understood) what he says.

4. She (said/told/ recommended) that they go to Pazza for a drink.
5. We (asked/ told/ suggested) working collaboratively on the project. (hợp tác)
6. It is (recommended/ recommending/ recommends) that we stop working and have a holiday.
7. It is urgent that she (left/ leave/ is leaving) now.
8. The teacher requested that all students (leave/ to leave/ left) the room.
9. She suggested (to go/ going/ go) to the dancing club tonight.
10. It was important that he (agrees/ agree/ agreeing) to help us.
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LTĐH

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Ti
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Giáo viên: V
ũ
Th
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Mai Phương

Luyện tập về thể giả định

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Tổng đài tư vấn: 1900 58-58-12

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11. If I (am / was/ were) you, I would not do such a thing.
12. if you (shall/ should) ever see him, please hand him this note.
13. She (requested/ said/ suggested/ told) that we were not strong enough to do the job.
14. It is interesting (that she know/ knowing/ to know) the truth.
15. Our teacher requested the report (be completed/ should completed/ was completed) by the end of the
month.

II. Rewrite the following sentences as shown
1. I think it may rain.  It looks as …………………………………………………………
2. Without your help, I might have failed.  If it ………………………………………………
3. He talks like a baby.  He talks as …………………………………………………………
4. If it had been fine then, I would have gone fishing.  Had ………… …………………….
5. We have to go otherwise we’ll late.  It’s ………………………………………………….
6. I don’t like you smoke in here  I’d ……………………………………………………….
7. “If I were you I wouldn’t trust Peter” She told John.  She advised ………………………
8. I am sorry I am not living near your house.  I wish ……………………………………….
9. He appears to be running away from your fierce dog.  It looks…………………………….
10. I would love to be rich and famous.  If only ………………………………………………
11. I prefer going out for a meal to staying at home.  I’d rather ……………………………
12. We’d better buy a new cooker.  It’s ……………………………………………………
13. It’s a pity that you made a lot of mistakes.  I’d …………………………………………
14. She wants to go to Las Vegas more than anywhere in the world.  She’d …………………
15. I’m sorry now that I asked her to stay.  Now I wish………………………………………

III. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form
1. It’s high time for us (leave). ……………………………………

2. If only I (have) a phone. I’m tired of (queue) outside the public phone box……………
3. You (have) better take off your wet shoes………………………….
4. He walks as if he (have) a wooden leg………………………….
5. He talks as if he (do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I did most of it…………
6. I hate driving. I’d much rather you (drive)………………………………………….
7. I wish I (not try) to repair it. I only made it worse. …………………………………
8.He looks as though he never (get) a square meal, but in fact his wife feeds him very
well…………………… (bữa ăn đẫy, bữa ăn no nê)

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