Mạng lưới xã hội và giải pháp hỗ trợ tăng cường mạng lưới xã hội đối với lao động khmer nhập cư ở bình dương

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T R L / d N G DAI HOC SLT PHAM T P H d CHl MINH

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L j - l l TAP CHi KHOA HOC

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ISSN,
KHOA HQC XA HOl VA NHAN VAN
1859-3100 Tap 16, S6 5 (2019): 156-1B4

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SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES
Vol. 16, No. 5 (2019): 155-164

Email.

vn; Website- http:/Acl

MANG LlTOl XA H O I VA GIAI PHAP HO TRQ TANG CUONG M ^ G LUOI
XA HQI DOI v o l LAO DONG KHMER NHAP Cl/ 6 BINH Dl/ONG
Le Anh VU
Trudng Dgi hgc Thu Ddu Mgt
Tdc gid lien he: Le Anh Vii - Emaii: vu!
Ngay nhan bai: 17-02-2019; ngay nhan bai sua: 18-3-2019; ngay duyet d§ng:

10-4-2019

TOM T A T
Mgng ludi xd hgi chu yeu cita lao dgng Khmer nhdp cu d Binh Duang Id he thdng thdn tgc
vd dong huang, nhung hg thudng it tham gia hogt dgng ctia cdc to chirc xd hdi d nai ldm viec va
nai tgin tru. Vi vdy, gidi phdp hd tra Id cdn phdi cd sir hiep luc cua cdc Id chirc chinh thuc vd phi
chinh thuc trong viec tdng cudng mgng ludi xd hgi ddi vdi lao dgng Khmer nhdp cu.
Tii' khda: mang ludi xa hgi, lao dgng Khmer nhap cu, tinh Binh Ducmg.

1.

Dat van de
Khi nghign ciiu vg lao ddng di cu Khmer, cac tac gia ddu dg cap tdi vai tro quan
trgng cita mang ludi ddng huong - than tgc (Nguyen Thi Hda, 2009; Ngd Phuang Lan,
2012; Ngd Thu Trang, 2016). Tuy nhien, chua cd nhieu nghien eiiu ban sau vg viec thiet
lap va tang cudng su tham gia eua lao ddng Khmer nhap cu vao cac td chirc doan the xa
hdi tai dia phuang noi tam tni va nai lara viec, trong khi sy tham gia nay hgt siic can thigt
va quan trgng khdng chi ddi vdi ngudi lao ddng Khmer nhap cu ma cdn la noi hg den sinh
sdng va lam viec trong viec dam bao chinh sach dan tgc, dn dinh tinh hinh kinh te - xa hdi
d dia phuang. Chinh vi le do, nghien cim vg raang ludi xa hdi va hd hg tang cudng raang
ludi xa hdi ddi vdi lao dgng Kbraer nhap cu d Binh Duong la can thiet; tir dd, dg xuat
nhiing giai phap cd thg giup lao ddng Khmer hdi nhap tot hon d khdng gian sdng mdi.
2.

Nguon dulieu va phuong phap nghien ciru
Ngudn dir lieu cita bai vigt la kgt qua ciia de tai nghign cuu "Hd tra sinh ke ddi vdi
lao ddng Khmer nhdp cu- tai Binh Duang" do chiing tdi lam ehu nhiem de tai. Vg mSu
nghign cuu dugc tinh dya tren udc lugng theo sd heu bao cao ciia Uy ban nhan dan tinh
Binh Duong ve "tinh hinh di ddn cda ddng bdo ddn tgc thieu sd khu vice Tdy Nam Bo trin
dia bdn tinh Binh Duong". Tinh tdi ngay 08/8/2018, cd 18.655 ngudi dan tdc thilu sd sinh
sdng d khu vyc nay, trong dd, ngudi Khmer chigm khoang 90%. Dya tren tdng thg nay
dung lugng mau can khao sat la:
n = f^5L_) , 0.9 =

i^^22-^ . 0.9= 360

156


rru-dng DHSP TPHCM

Li Anh VU

Chiing tdi chgn mau theo each phan tang theo tieu chi loai hinh cdng viee la cdng
nhan va lao ddng lam thug trong cac ca sd san xuat nhd d ba dia ban: thi xa Thuan An, thi
xa Ben Cat va huyen Phii Giao. Sd dT chiing tgi chgn dia ban khao sat nay la dua tren true
phat trign cdng nghiep ciia tinh Binh Duong va mdi dia ban dai dien cd nhimg dac thu
rigng vg lao ddng Khmer nhap cu.
C) du' heu dinh lugng, kT thuat raa bai viet sii dyng la cac thdng kg md ta tdn s6, tdn
suat va diem tmng binh. Trong dd, miic do thudng xuygn va mirc do hieu qua trong cac
boat dgng hd trg viec lam dugc tinh theo quy ude sau:
Bdng 1. Quy udc vi gid tri trung binh
,

binh

Mirc do thudng xuyen

Mirc do hieu qua

1.00 - 1.80
Khdng nhan hd trg
Rat khdng hieu qua
1.81- 2.60
Hiem khi
Khong hieu qua
2.61 - 3.40
Thinh thoang
Binh thudng
3.41 - 4.20
Thudng xuyen
Hieu qua
4.21 -5.00
Rat thudng xuyen
Rat bieu qua
Vg dii lieu dinh tinh, cac phdng van dugc tign hanh khi da tao dugc mdi quan he tin
cay va thudng dugc ghi chep lai dudi dang nhat ki dign da theo nguyen tdc vidt lai mgt
each tmng thuc nhirng suy nghi, trai nghiem cua hg vg cugc sdng ban than va gia dinh,
cdng ddng vg nhiing hd trg ma hg dugc nhan trong budc dudng muu sinh.
3.
Noi dung nghien ciiu
3.1. Thifc tr^ng vi mang ludi xd hpi cda lao dpng Khmer nhap cu
Nhac den mang ludi xa hgi, ngudi ta thudng dg cap mang ludi quen biet ciia mdt

ngudi. Ket qua khao sat cho thay: trung binh lao ddng Khmer nhap cu cd 5,8 ban be la
ngudi Binh Duong; hg cd hung binh 13,9 ngudi ban la ngudi nhap cu cimg qug va cd
tmng binh 15,7 ngudi eung dan tde. Dieu nay, cung phan anh mang ludi xa hdi chinh yeu
cita lao ddng Khmer nhap cu la than tdc va ddng huang.
Bdng 2. Ti le ngudi quen btit vd ngirdi giup dd

%

Cdng an
T6 tmdng khu phd
Can bp dia phuang
Quan li noi lam vigc
Chuc sac tdn giao
Chii nha trQ
Ngudi dong hiro-ng
Khong than thiet/nhan giup da
Tong

%

Tru'crng hop quen biet

Trirfrng hop giiip dff'

1,4
1,0
2,7
15,2
0,3
25,8

36,3
12,1
100,0

1,6
0,9
4,1
13,9
0,5
26,6
38,2
14,2
100,0
Ghi chu: 'Ket qud xic li theo luat trd ldi


TAP CHl KHOA HOC - Trydng DHSP TPHCM

Kgt qua xir li sd lieu cho thdy dap an ciia cau hdi vg ''ngudi quen biet vd ngudi guip
dd khi khd khdn " da phan anh nhan dinh trgn khi cd dgn 36,3% ngudi tra ldi cho rdng minl^
quen than vdi ngudi ddng huong va chng chinli mang ludi ddng hucmg hd trg hg khi gap
khd khan vdi ti le cao nhdt la 38,2%. Ngoai ddng huong thi nhirng ngudi "chit nhd tro
chng la nhirng ngudi dugc lao dgng Khmer trong mau nghien cim nay nhac den nhieu thu
hai d hai phuang dien la ngudi quen bigt va ngudi giiip dd vdi ti le tuong ung la 25,s /o
va 26,6%.
Xgp thii ba trong nhirng ngu'di giiip dd lao ddng Kbraer khi gap khd khan la "qudn li
nai ldm viec" vai gan mdt phan tu sd ngudi trong mau khao sat de cap (15,2%).
Trong nhhng hd trg quan trgng va cy thg nhu: tim kiem viec lara, thdng tin viec lam,
phuang tien sinh boat, cho mugn tien, nha trg tbi vai trd ciia he thdng than tdc the hien ro
net nhu d Bang 3 dudi day:

Bdng 3. Vai trd cda hi thdng thdn tdc - ddng huang trong hd tra sinh ke
Muc do
thuong xuyen

Mii-c do
hieu qua


(X)

Til§
du'Oc nhan ho
tro(%)

1 Thdng tin ve viec
lam

1,66

3,46

34,7

2.Tim kiem viec lam

2,7

3,28

70,8

3.Cho mugn hen

1,91

3,55

54,7

4. Nha trg/nai d

2,20

3,54

59,2

5. Phuang tien sinh
boat

1,97

3,49

49,7

Nguon
ho tro chinh*

(%)

Than tgc - ddng
hucmg (31,2)
Than tgc - ddng
huang (67,4)
Than tgc - ddng
hucmg (35,7)
Than tgc - ddng
huong (26,8)
Than tgc - dong
huang (60,3)

(*) Ti le ndy dugc tinh tren sd ngudi dugc nhdn hd

Cd thg thay gan nhu nhiing van de thigt ygu nhat tai nai d mdi thi lao dgng Khmer
deu dya vao mang ludi than tdc - ddng hucmg cua minh. Dan cii vg viec lam, cd ddn
67,4% la nhd vao mang ludi nay, hay viec hd trg "phuang tiin sinh hoat" thi lao ddng
Khmer nhap cu nhd vao nhiing ngudi ba con va cung qug cua minh Ign tdi 60,3%.
Ket qua tir nghign ciru dinh tinh cung cho thay vai trd quan trgng ciia mang ludi ddng
huong nay trong viec hd trg lao ddng Khmer noi dat khach. Su giup dd tir ngudi di trudc
ludn nhan dugc su biet on va ghi nhd cua nhung ngirdi di dan dii cd thg nhiing ngudi nay
da vg qug hoac khdng con giii dugc moi quan be than tinh vi nhigu li do khac nhau (Xem
phu lyc 1 va 2).

158


Tru-dng DHSP TPHCM

LeAnh Vii

Chinh trong giai doan ddu khi ddn Binh Duong lap nghiep, he thdng than tdc va ddng
huong la chd dya viing chdc cho nhiing ngudi di dan. C) day, chiing ta cd thg nhan ra tinh
cd ket cdng ddng, sy tuong tac qua lai dugc coi nhu ngudn vdn quan trgng va nd tao nen
sy gan bd va trg giiip lin nhau tmdc nhiing khd khan ve sinh ke. Tir thyc tidn tren, viec can
phai cd cac boat ddng hd trg sinh ke la rat can thidt nham giiip cai thien eac ngudn vdn ma
hg dang thigu nhu hd hg dao tao nghg, cung cap thdng tin ve cac dich vu phiic lgi xa hgi
nhu cham sdc siic khde, giao due con cai, hd trg vay vdn, chd d... la nhung boat dgng hd
trg rat can dugc trien khai. Tuy nhien, cac boat ddng phai xuat phat tii' nhu cdu thyc su cua
ngudi dan cdng nhu can dya vao chinh mang ludi than tgc va ddng huong cua hg dg cd thd
phat huy hieu qua.
3.2. Gidi phdp ho tra tdng cudng mgng ludixa hpi
Tir thyc trang da phan tich, cd the thay mang ludi xa hdi cua lao ddng Khmer nhap
cu chii ygu la than tdc - ddng hucmg. Day cd the la cho dya •viing chac cho hg trong thdi
gian dau khi tdi Binh Duong, nhung xet vg lau dai thi hg can phai dugc hd trg tham gia
mang ludi xa hdi chinh thiic d dia phuong va noi lam viec. Dieu nay cd y nghia quan trgng
trong viec tim ra giai phap hd trg sinh kg dudi each tigp can ciia cdng tac xa hdi. Bdi le, khi
hg tham gia vao eac boat dgng cdng ddng nay thi ngudn vdn xa hdi ciia hg se dugc cai
thien, se cd nhigu ban cac co hdi tiep can vdi eac boat ddng hd trg ma dia phuong nai hg di
cu td chirc.
Ket qua khao sat d Bang 4 cho thay trong boat dgng hd trg tang cuimg mang ludi xa
hgi thi ti le lao ddng Khmer tigp nhan dugc la thap. Tigu bigu chi cd 9,4% la cd tham gia
chi hgi Thanh nign cdng nhan hay 7,5% tham gia vac hgp td dan phd/ xdm d dia phuang.
Ket qua nay phan anh xu hudng "tach biet" giira edng ddng lao ddng Khmer nhap cu vdi
cac boat ddng cita dia phuang trong mau nghign eiiu nay. Day la thyc trang rat can nghign
ciiu va lam rd. Phai chang lao ddng nhap cu Khmer da va dang ddng gdp cho su phat trien
ciia viing dat nay nhung dudng nhu hg van chua thue sy hda nhap vdi ddi sdng cua dia
phuang noi hg sinh sdng va lam viec? Nhan dinh tren cdn cd the dugc cung cd khi nhin
vao digm tmng binh danh gia vg mire do thudng xuyen deu nam d miic'Va; khdng thudng

xuyin " (diem tmng binh tir 1,14 den 1,65). Dd khac phuc thyc trang hen, cac td chirc doan
thg xa hdi d dia phuong nhu Doan Thanh nign, Hdi phy nir can phai gan giii, sau sat de tao
dugc mdi quan he than thiet va tin cay vdi lao dgng Khmer. Ngoai ra, cac hoat ddng can cd
budc tim hieu va danh gia nhu cau dg cd the thu hut va dap iing dugc nhiing mong dgi
cita hg.
Xet d khia canh miic do hieu qua tir nhung ngudi dugc nhan hd trg thi cd nhiing tin
hieu dang khicb le khi diem trung binh danh gia lai kha cao va didu nam d muc "hieu qud "
vdi diem tmng binh tir 3,33 dgn 3,96 (xem Bang 4).


TAP CHi KHOA HOC - TriFong DHSP TPHCM

Bdng 4. Hoat ddng ho tra tdng cudng mang ludi xa hoi
Mirc do
thirdng xuyen
1. Ket ndi tham gia hdi doan
the 6 nai lam viec
2. Ket ndi tham gia hgi ddng
huang
3. Ket ndi tham gia doan the
noi cu tni
4. Ket noi tham gia td dan
phd/xom

MiJC do
hi|u qua

m

(S)

Tile
dugc nhan
ho tro- (%)

1,52

3,44

25,3

1,65

3,96

45,0

1,18

3,74

9,4

1,14

3,33

7,5

Ngutri

ho trgf chinh*

(%)

D6ng nghiep
(33,0)
Than tgc - donf
hltang(79,2)
Can bp xa hoi
(47,1)
Chu nha tro
(55,6)

(*) Ti le nay dugc tinh trgn sd ngudi dugc nhan ho h g
Khi so sanh giiia loai hinh cdng viec va raiic do hieu qua cac boat ddng hd trg mang
ludi xa hgi, ket qua kidm dinh T-test cho thay khdng cd sy khac biet. Tuong hr, khdng cd
tuang quan giiia sd nam d Binh Duong va miic dd hieu qua cua hoat ddng nay.
Kigm dinh sy khac biet giiia eac nhdm hgc van trong danh gia miic do hieu qua ho
trg mang ludi xa hdi ciing cho thdy khdng cd sy khac biet trong danh gia cac nhdm hgc van
(xem Bang 5).
Bang 5. Kiem dinh su khdc biit trong ddnh gid muc do hiiu qud ho tra tdng cudng
mang ludi xd hoi theo nhom hoc vdn
Mijc do hieu qua trong hS trtf tang cudng maing ludi xa hoi
Trung binh
Do lech chuan
Mil chu
1^0
^34
Cdp 1
3.78

.610
Cdp 2
3.72
.740
Cdp 3 yd len
3.85
.743
Gia tri kigm dinh ANOVA
.837
0 dii lieu nghien cim dinh tinh, khi dugc hdi vg viec tham gia eac sinh hoat do hdi,
doan thg td chiie, hau hgt cac y kign deu eho rang minh it hoac hau nhu khdng tham gia
(xem phu luc 3). Tuy nhien, thue td dien da dai ngay tai cdng ddng Iao dgng Khmer nhap
cu d phudng Binh Hda - thi xa Thuan An cho thay chinh quygn dia phuang ciing rdt quan
tam ddn cac boat dgng lg tgt cua lao dgng Khmer nhap cu va thdng qua Hdi Lien hiep
Thanh nign ciia phudng hdng nam dgu td chiic cac ngay ll tgt Idn nhu Choi Chnam Thmay
hay Ok Bom Bok, thu hiit rdt ddng sy tham gia ciia lao dgng Khmer trong va ngoai phudng
(xem phu lyc 4).


FrLfdng DHSP TPHCM

LeAnh Vu

Nhu vay, ed thg thdy viec tham gia vao cac hoat ddng van hda ciia dia phuang hay
td chiic le tet theo phong tyc cd tmydn ciia ngudi Khmer gan lien vdi sy quan tara cua
chinh quygn dia phuang. 6 day, vai trd cua cac can bd Doan phudng la rat quan trgng
khi chinh hg la nhiing ngudi tu van, tham muu de Dang iiy Phudng hieu rd y nghia cung
nhu tam quan trgng ciia cac ngay lg tet truygn thdng ddi vdi cdng ddng lao dgng Khmer
nhap cu. Chinh viec dap iing nhu cau nay da giiip ba con cam thay gan bd ban vdi vimg
dat mdi, dd ciing la dip dg ngudi dan ban dia va lao dgng Khmer nhap cu giao luu van

hda va hieu nhau ban. Chinh vi the, nhiing boat dgng nhu phudng Binh Hoa td chiic rdt
can dugc khuyen khieh va nhan rgng. Ngoai ra, cac chi hgi thanh nien cdng nhan nha trg
hay chi hdi phu nii' can td chiie nhiing chuang trinh thiet thyc va phu hgp vdi nhu cau
ciia lao ddng Khmer thi mdi cd the thu hiit su tham gia cua hg. Digu nay, khdng nhung
giiip ich ddi vdi lao ddng Khmer nhap cu ma cdn gdp phan dam bao tinh hinh an ninh
trat ty xa hdi ciia dia phuong.
O noi lam viec, dg dam bao quygn lgi cho cdng nhan lao ddng, cac cdng ti ludn cd td
chiic cdng doan. Tuy nhign, viec tham gia vao nhiing boat ddng do cdng doan td chiic ddi
vdi lao dgng Khmer trong nghign ciru nay dudng nhu xa la. Cd le, hg khdng tin vao td
chiic nay va ngai tham gia (xera phu luc 5). Khdng ehi trong tham gia cac boat ddng cdng
doan, each img xii tmdc nhiing su ed tai noi lam viec ciing cho thay mgt tam the "cau an"
cua hg (xem phu luc 6).
Trong nhiing dien ngdn vg than phan ciia minh d noi lam viec, nhirng ngdn tir ma
lao ddng Khmer sir dung trong nghign cuu nay mang tinh "biet thdn biet phdn " bgc lg
trang thai chap nhan. Vdi hg, cd le su yen dn dg cd edng viec lam la quan trgng hon viec
dau tranh ddi quygn lgi, dii cdng viec cd nang nhgc, luong thap nhung van tdt hon so vdi d
que. Nhung dii kien trgn eho thay ehinh ban than lao ddng Khmer dang kign tao ngn hinh
anh an phan, khdng phan anh sy bi dgng ma ngugc lai do chinh la chign luge sdng dua tren
sy can nhac vg ban than va bdi canh tai noi lam viec. Tuy nhign, dieu nay ciing dat ra thaeh
thirc cho cac td chiic xa hdi bao ve quyen lgi ngudi lao ddng d nhirng nai cd nhieu lao
dgng Khmer dang lam viec trong tuygn truyen nang cao nhan thirc cua hg vg lgi ich cua
viec tham gia vao cac td chiic xa hgi. Dg khac phuc tam thg nay, cac cdng ti cd ddng lao
ddng Khmer lam viec can td chirc tuygn tmyen vg lgi ich khi tham gia cac td chiic nhu
Cdng doan. Trong do, can phat huy vai trd cua nhung lao ddng tich cyc, nang dgng cd uy
tin ddi vdi lao ddng Khmer va ndn thuygt phuc hg tham gia vao Ban chap hanh Cdng doan.
4.
Ket luan
Kgt qua nghign ciiu cho thay mang ludi xa hgi chinh va ddng vai trd quan trgng ddi
vdi lao ddng Khmer nhap cu d Binh Duang la he thdng than tgc ddng huong. Digu nay thg
hien dac trung van hda vg tinh cd ket va tuang trg idn nhau ciia cdng ddng Khmer di cu.

TAP CHi KHOA HOC - Tru'dng DHSP TPHCM
Tuy nhien, viec it tham gia cac boat ddng cua cac td chiic doan thg xa hdi d noi lam viec va
nai d ciing la mdt rao can dg lao dgng Khmer cd thg tigp can cac chinh sach, cac chuong
trinh hd trg chinh thiic ma tinh Binh Duong da va dang cd gang trien khai. Thyc tg nay,
ciing ddi hdi cae td chii'c doan the xa hdi can day manh cdng tac tuygn tmygn, van dgng de
lao ddng Khmer bigu dugc lgi ich khi tham gia. Mat khac, khi td chirc hoat ddng can phai
danh gia nhu cau cung nhu phai phii hgp vdi dac digm van hda cua ddng bao Khmer. Cuoi
cimg, nhiing thye te nghign ciin nay ggi nhd dgn quan diem "hiep lyc" cua K. Meagher
(2007, tr.411) khi dng eho rang, dg giiip nguch dan thich iing vdi su bign doi xa hgi, tao
digu kien cho hg tham gia vao tien trinh dan chit can cd su "hiep lyc" gih'a dinh chg chmh
thiic va phi chinh thiic. Trong dd, dinh che phi chinh thiic cd kha nang cai thien hieu luc
cua cac dinh chg chinh thirc do chiing cd nang luc gdp siic vao be thdng chinh quyen dia
phuang, vao viec huy ddng ngudi dan, viec cung iing dich vu, ciing nhu vao ITnh vyc giai
quyet cac xung dot. Chinh vi thg, dg dap iing nhu cau cua lao dgng Khmer nhap cu, can co
sy bd trg va hgp tac giii'a cac dinh chd va raang ludi than tgc - ddng huong theo hudng bd
sung va phat huy digra manh ciia nhau.

•

Tuyen bi vi quyin 1^: Tiic giii xdc nh$n hodn todn khdng c6 xung ddt vi quyin /gj.

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
Ngo Phuang Lan. (2012). Bdt on sinh kg va di cu lao dgng ciia ngudi Khmer d dong bdng sdng
Ciru Long, Tgp chi Nghien cuu con ngudi, 3, 44-54.
Nguyen Thi Hoa. (2009). Lao ddng nir di cu giiip viec nhd tic dong bdng sdng Cuu Long tdi thdnh
pho Ho Chi Minh (Nghien cdu tgi phudng 9, thi xd Trd Vinh). Hgi thao Viet Nam hgc lan
thir 3, 350-374. Ha Ngi
Ngo Thi Thu Trang, Hd Kim Thi, Chau Thi Thu Thuy, va Ngo Hoang Dai Long. (2016). Thich iing

sinh ke cua ngudi nhap cu Khmer tai quan ven do: Dien ciixi tai phudng Binh Tri Dong B va
phudng An Lac, quan Binh Tan, Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh. Phdt trien Khoa hgc vd Cong
nghe, 19, 89-104.
Meagher, K. (2007). Introduction: Special issue on'informal institutions and development in
Africa'. Africa Spectrum, 420), 405-418.
PHU LUC
1. "Hdi do, tui ve thdy anh S. khd khdn, con benh khong cd tien cUng thdy thuang nen gim thieu len
Binh Duang, len khu trg nhd bd Tu do, tui bdo lanh cho a trg roi noi vdi bd Ut bdn qudn di hai va
chong nd mua chiu dd. chuyen giiip da ndy cUng binh thuang vi ciing la ngudi minh, minh thuang
nhau chd; ngay nhu tui cung Id do hd con giai thiiu lin ddy, chu tui cUng ddu co biet gi u-en ndy
ddu^"
(PVS4, Nam lao dgng ty do, 37 Uioi, Thuan An)

162


Tru'dng DHSP TPHCM

LeAnh

Vu

2. "Mdi cd gia dinh hdng xom a que lin mdi len cd hai ngdy a, chua mua duac do xdi nen lai
mugm td, mugm ndi cda em do, em ndi cir lay tu nhiin xdi, thiiu gi cu lay di dimg cd nggi gi hit
tran hit. Minh thdy hg la minh nha din ngdy xua ciia minh nen cUng thuang hg ldm"
(PVS3, Nir, cong nhan, 36 mdi, Thuan An)
3. "DI ldm tdi ngdy ve nhd thi cdng d trong nhd, chu khdng cd di ddu hit, chi cd chu nhdt du(fc
nghi thi minh cUng trd chuyin vui chai vdi chi em trong khu trg thdi chic cUng khdng cd di ddu ben
ngodi, trong khu ndy da sd Id ngudi ddn tgc ciia minh nen cdng di ndi chuyen md bd con tui trin
day, gia dinh hg Ldm do cdng cd nhieu den 5-6 ngudi Idn nin cdng cd bd con do. Ndi ngay, a trong

khu ndy quen nhau het nin cdng khdng cd mdt mdt gi ddu ".
(PVS 10, Nu, cong nhan, 48 tudi, Thuan An)
4. "Hom nay la li mimg Choi Chnam Thmay do UBND phudng phdi hap vdi chi hgi Thanh nien
cdng nhdn td chicc. Bdn thdn tdi cdng cd sir bdt ngd truac su tham gia rdt ddng ciia thanh nien
cdng nhdn Khmer, uac tinh cd khodng 3000 ngudi tham gia. Budi li dien ra trang trgng vdi nhiiu
tiet muc truyen thdng nhu dieu Apsara rdi bieu diin thai trang trong ngdy cudi cua ngudi Khmer.
Cdc nghi le "tdm nui cdt" vd "tdm phdt" deu duac thuc hiin mgt cdch tdn nghiem vd xdc ddng.
Toi thdy mgi ngudi tham gia rdt vui trong tieng nhgc truyen thdng Khmer rio rat, nhin ai cdng
thdy phdn khdi. Tdi hdi anh Triiu Vi L. Id chi hdi phd chi hgi thanh nien cdng nhdn Khmer cho
biet: tiii em a ddy cung duac su quan tdm cua chinh quyen dia phuang cung nhu ben Dodn Thanh
nien cdng hd tra anh em ldm le tit cho bd con, mgi ngudi cUngphdn khdi tham gia, ldm xa que md
nhicng ngdy li tit duac td chuc trang trgng nhu vdy la niim vui cita nhirng ngudi con xa que. Rdi
to chicc le nhu vdy cdng Id dip de tui em gidi thiiu truyin thdng vdn hda cua ddn tgc minh din vdi
ngudi ddn dia phuang di cung giao luu, hgc hdi"
(Trich nhat ki dign da ngay 15/4/2017)
5. ''Trong cdng ti cung cd cdng dodn chir nhung md ho cdng ldm thui nhu minh nin cdng nghe ldi
dng chu thdi hd, minh cd gi thi tic chiu cho rdi chu di thua thi cung khdng duac gi md cdn bi de y
nda".
(PVS5, Nir, cong nhan, 36 hidi, Thuan An)
6. " Minh thdy ngudi ta ai cdng khdng cd ldm nica keo nhau di ra cdng, rdi la ldi tiim lum hit, em
cdng sa vi ai cdng di md em khdng di cdng khdng duac nhung em muon qua nhanh nhanh de cdn
yen dn md di Idm, vdi em cd cdng viec nhu a cdng ti Id mieng ldm rdi nin chiu thiit chut khdng sao,
khong cd ddi hdi gi. Em nhd, liic do vira so' vica vui Ong chii thi dung a tren la "Bdy gid ldm dn
thua Id, tao cdn cd cdi qudn xd Idn nil Tui bdy (cdng nhdn) cd mudn ldy khdng? Dudi ndy, mgi
nguai ho ldy ludn cho ong a trdn a truong ludn. cudi qud trdi qud ddt! Cdng ti ndy tdng luang it
qud md con tdng theo kieu xip hang A,B,C nica, hoi ndm do, gdn tit bd chi em cudi nen hai va
chdng em vi sdm mdy ngdy vay md dng tdng luang it han ngudi khdc, vg chdng em ngudi cu ldm
ldu md ong tanged 10.OOOd trong khi ngudi mdi lgi tdng 15.000d, chai sdc hdng, em cdng buc xuc
nhung biet ldm sao bdy gid! Bdy gia luang mdy ngudi mdi cdn han tuang cua em ludn! Ki cue
thiit".

(PVS7, Nir, cdng nhan, 36 tudi, Thuan An)


TAP CHi KHOA HOC - Triidng DHSP TPHCM

SOCIAL NETWORK AND SOLUTIONS TO DEVELOPING SOCIAL NETWORK:
A STUDY OF KHMER IMMIGRANT WORKERS IN BINH DUONG PROVINCE
LeAnh Vu
Thu Dau Mot University
CorrespondingaiUhor. LeAnh Vu-Emailvu!
Received: 17/02/2019; Revised: 10/3/2019; Accepted: 10/4/2019

ABSTRACT
The main social network of Khmer immigrant workers in Binh Duong is the system oj
relatives and fellow citizens. However, they do not often participate in activities of social
organizations in their workplace and temporaiy residence. Therefore, there should be synergies
between formal and informal organizations to enhance social nehvorks of Khmer immigrant
workers
Keywords: social network, Khmer immigrant workers, Binh Duong province.