LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ KHOA HỌC HÓA HỌC

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM HÀ NỘI

HÀ VĂN DŨNG
NGHIÊN CỨU PHƯƠNG PHÁP XÁC ĐỊNH HÀM LƯỢNG
HOẠT CHẤT TRONG THUỐC KHÁNG SINH METRODINAZOLE
VÀ CEFADROXILE BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP VON-AMPE XUNG
VI PHÂN SỬ DỤNG ĐIỆN CỰC GIỌT THỦY NGÂN TREO
Chuyên ngành: Hóa học phân tích
Mã số:60.44.29
LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ KHOA HỌC HÓA HỌC
Người hướng dẫn khoa học: PGS .TS .Dương Quang Phùng

HÀ NỘI-2011
MỤC LỤC
MỞ ĐẦU
CHƯƠNG I : TỔNG QUAN
I.Giới thiệu chung về thuốc metrodinazole và
thuốc cefadroxile
I.1. Metrodinazole
 
 
  
!"!#$%!" &
&'()
*+'(,
I.2. Cefadroxile,
  ,
 ,
  /
!"!#0%1123 /

&'(4
*+'( 4
I.3. Sơ lược về các phương pháp cực phổ và von-ampe4
526789.$:$$ 4
;<=#><
?2@>9.<=A
;<=BB
&C-=$%12D
I.4. Các phương pháp phân tích lý hóa kiểm nghiệm thuốc
0:$$E2.$%$FG*

.H2.$%$$"IJJC*
KH2.$%LM*
0:$$B81,
I.5. Yêu cầu của định lượng thuốc trong kiểm nghiệm dược phẩm4
&N<29.$:$$4
&;O23#1P26D4
&QRM(
&; S
&&; T
ChươngII: THIẾT BỊ, DỤNG CỤ, HÓA CHẤT, ĐỐI
TƯỢNG VÀ PHƯƠNG PHÁP NGHIÊN CỨU
II.1. Thiết bị dụng cụ 
DK(#!""
""
II.2. Hóa chất &
0.!2!(2+>UV!.WU*
0.!2!(2+UX.!VT*
II.3. Đối tượng nghiên cứu)
2+1123YUV!.WUKV7(VOA#5 

V7Z[>9.#BPT2B.2)
2+1BUX.!VTKV7(VOA#5 
V7Z[>9.#BPT2B.2)
II.4. Nội dung nghiên cứu)
572:KP)
572!"
II.5. Phương pháp nghiên cứu
II.6. Xử lý kết quả thực nghiệm 

CHƯƠNG III : KẾT QUẢ VÀ THẢO LUẬN
III.1.Nghiên cứu xây dựng quy trình xác định hàm lượng hoạt chất
metrodinazole trong thuốc kháng khuẩn metrodinazole 
1PBT(\21<+29.>6=$%
.])&)>$2UV
572^>\21<+2+R!2!(4
\21<+2@T(M>UV!.WU
572$9.<+=$%
&572 N$M9.1DE9.V$:$$
=$%T2$F
*0:$$O23#$:$$7>23
T(M
*
A
/
5

_

V2+>UV!.WU&
)572 S9.1DE2PT(>UV!.WU&

III.2. Ứng dụng phương pháp cực phổ xung vi phânđể xác định
hàm lượng hoạt chất C
6
H
9
N
3
O
3
(metrodinazole) có trong thuốc
kháng khuẩn do một số Công ty Dược phẩm bán trên
thị trường Hà Nội&*
`(#>M
*
A
/
5

_

a>UV!.WUb
V7.&4>!6$3>C.XcdUB
J<5.>BPT2&*
`(#>M>UV!.WUV7
.&4>!6%$e!$3>A#F6BPT2*
`(#>M>UV!.WUV7
.&4>!6$3>
Unique pharmaceuticalcf; BPT2*
III.3. Nghiên cứu xây dựng quy trình xác định hàm lượng hoạt chất
Cefadroxil trong thuốc kháng sinh Cefadroxil*)

1PBT(\21<+29.>6=$%

.])&)>$2UV*)
gPB\21<+29.!2!()
572$9.<+=$%)
572 N$M9.17^E2PV$:
$$=$%T2$F)
&0:$$O23#$:$$7>23
T(Ma
&
A

5

_

CA

_bV2+UX.!VT)*
*572 S9.1DE2PT(UX.!VT,
III.4. Ứng dụng phương pháp cực phổ xung vi phân xác định
hàm lượng hoạt chất C
15
H
14
ClN
3
O
4
S.H

2
O  có trong mẫu thuốc
kháng sinh
cefadroxil bán trên địa bàn Hà Nội ,&
`(Ma
&
A

5

_

CA

_bV
7.UX.!VT&44>!6
!$3>V2:cJ!.$.BPT2,&
`(#>Ma
&
A

5

_

CA

_bUX.!VT
V7.&44>!6$3>
>UBBPT2/4

`(#>M
a
&
A

5

_

CA

_bUX.!VTV7.&44>
!6$3>YUK$.VBPT2/
KẾT LUẬN CHUNG/*
TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO
PHỤ LỤC


DANH MỤC CÁC HÌNH
A^C:LDK($Fc.>$U
A^C:LK@2!hDUO.#!MB-=$%
V> B+$:$$&
A^Y6=$%.])&)Jd>$2V.U
A^;<=VU2iF
A^A^P<=[+!j1#E2U126
A^;L(C=$"2 $#O.2%1,
A^;L(C=$"2 $#K7 T2/
A^;L(C=$"2 $#O.NT24
A^;L(C=$"2 $#kA
A^&;L(C=$"2 $#$A<>

A^*=$%L9.>j2B+!2!(23
YUV!.WUTl&
A^)0%L=$%T2$F@<B=$"2 
$#

!2!(23>UV!.WU/
A^,C=$"2 L 9.YUV!.WU#\2
.!m12DRMT2$F&4
A^/L$%1PB7>23&&
A^4C=$"2 

#
>UV!.WU
23&*
A^=$%L9.>j22n7>UV!.WU
6cC.XcdUBJ<5.>*4
A^=$%L7>239.!2!(>UV!.WUo
C.XcdUBJ<5.>*
A^=$%L9.>j22n7
>UV!.WUoA#F6*&
A^=$%L7>239.!2!(>UV!.WU

oA#F6aY

p*[>b**
A^&=$%L9.>j22n7>UV!.WU
oUnique pharmaceuticalcf; *,
A^*=$%L7>239.!2!(>UV!.WU
-Unique pharmaceuticalcf; aY


p[>b*/
A^)qrL($"2 $#O.2%1_T)*
A^,C=$"2 L 9.UX.!VTa
&
A

5

_

CA

_b
#\2.!m12DRMT2$F))
A^/;L(C=$"2 L 9.UX.!VT
a
&
A

5

_

CA

_b#\2.!m12D
RMT2$F),
A^40%L=$%T2$F@<B=$"
2 $#


!2!(23UX.!VT,
A^C=$"2 

#
UX.!VT
23,
A^L$%1PB7>23,,
A^=$%L9.>j22n7
UX.!VTcscJ!.$.aYp*[/&>b,/
A^=$%L7>239.!2!(
UX.!VTosc!.$.aY

p*[/&b/4
A^&=$%L9.>j22n7
UX.!VTo>UB/
A^*=$%L7>239.!2!(
UX.!VTo>UBaY

p[&>b/
A^)=$%L9.>j22n7
UX.!VToYUK$.V/&
A^,=$%L7>239.!2!(
UX.!VToYUK$.VaY

p[&>b/&


DANH MỤC CÁC BẢNG
tPgPBO.2%1T)
tPgDE2P1PBK7 T2/

tPgPBO.N> T24
tPgDE2P1PB1R96F
tP&gDE2P1PB$A+2
tP*B+9.>6+2
tP)gDE2P$9.<+=$%
.])&)Jd>$2V.U+R23>UV!.WU&
tP,gDE2PT( N$9.$:$$$$
=$%T2$F1(>UV!.WU)
tP/C=$"2 L 9.YUV!.WU#
\2.!m12DRMT2$F/
tP4; T9.O231
T(>UV!.WUV>j2=Ma>j2Pb&
tPC=$"2 
$
=$%T2$F#
L !2!(23>UV!.WU4[4>u>7>#&
tPgDE2PT( S9.>UV!.WUV7
DK(=$%.]Jdv)&)&*
tPgDE2P(>UV!.WUV7.
>UV!.WUa&4>bcC.XcdUBJ<5.>BPT2&,
tPgDE2P(M>UV!.WU
V7.>UV!.WUa&4>bcA#F6BPT2*
tP&1DE2PT(#> 
*
A
/
5

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

V7.
YUV!.WU&4>!6$3>
Unique pharmaceutical -Ấn Độ BPT2*)
tP*qgPBO.2%1_T)4

tP)qgDE2P1PB1R96F)
tP,qgDE2P1PBK7 T2)
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• 56S6E2V^V7-@!"
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• ;#>‰M-V2+B
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CHƯƠNG I: TỔNG QUAN
I.Giới thiệu chung về thuốc metrodinazole và thuốc
cefadroxile [ 1, 2, 3, 6 ,12, 15]
I.1. Metrodinazole[1, 2,3]
Metrodinazole là thuốc kháng sinh thuộc họ: 5- Nitro-imidazole
56767891
N
CH
3
N
O
2
N
A
CH
2
OH
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A
/
5
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123F>MV}MK^O}M.B+OK<!~2+q
>UV!.WU1 V7<123K^O}F>M
YUV!.WU#2+\2V(239.'.P61l!##BSF
!GiardiaYUV!.WU#2+=.e27@\2V(•
$#$TU.N!.>$[26\2!~-1.2
gh>123%K"1y>$TU$TUV2 n.[h>123
B.2$j22V2 #$TU.[#1h>123$"1.7>
 >MG2h>123#$TUe1D$>UV!.WUR> 
1BMKU...>[•M> U$.B$VD<>R
*
Bacteroides fragilisNMelaninogenicusOF6h>123
$%!jD$TUB.292SO>!Z[7>$%MG1y>$TU
$%#7>>#$%>9g-e$+$>UV!.WN
!.>6R> 1BMKU...>•$TUZNh>
123V]!P1231#1•1z\2V(U~267
8V7
YUV!.WU!"++Bacteroides7O!~#>

2+23@$mK<VR$j22!M!#6cV2 0eR$
L23$+$>UV!.WUR> 1BKU...>•
M> U$.B$VD<>R52678#6$mV+KD
$TUB.218V2 n.
YUV!.WUa1$P.>6b!~V'.
P6!Clostridium difficileVVO$#617!~
.>6^!hF626:1.>6[V-M1B.2#6
e$P!~D.>6
91>UV!.WUZ>.
XUVVU!T‹#6#$VUTS1G >UV!.WV
9-†UVVU!TP>1>##-ƒP
MB.h>123R91-M$R\2
>UV!.W.:#1l!#:
5676@8I?JB
r\2V(VO$h>Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba
histolyticaa@$}V2 #@$TU.b[Dientamoeba fragilis}V‘
U>[Giardia lamblia#Dracunculus medinensisV1\2V(K<
h>Trichomonas[e\2V(P.>R
r\2V(h>123N!1231•1M6P>h>
123%K"[h>123$"1.[h>123!.#2VS!.[
h>123<e1V2:[h>12326D#7>>#
)
V>0+$R2+U>6[N1..>6@$mn.
1$j22}O$P$j22MV=V##$j22$"
1.
J7>MGl$[7>E2.FV]#h>123
V]1!1231(1t<V@M }1DV#[V=
V#J7>l!M!#6cV#!Helicobacter pyloria$+$R
B+2+1b
5676K68I6?JB

5OE2>jP>R>!.WU[K<F 1[V+M
>2[O>..e2[O1…KS
I.2. Thuốc kháng sinh Cefadroxile [1,2,3,6]
56:67689L#1
H
NH
2
O
NH
2
O
N
H H
S
COOH

a0q
&
A

5

_

CA

_Yp,&[,b
t<!qdUX!VT&VU!2BU‹d$.UX‹tU.VT6
56:6:;<%=>?@A:7B
 UX.!VTU  2   ->    aU$.B$Vb  D  <  

U$.B$VO}!MK >#2V8N:#1>~1-
. V R[#U$.B$V ->~ 22… a!"  UX.UT[
UX.!VT[UXV.!bC=<!<9..VKK+a*[)#V
V}  $ α .6  D  }  (  V  )b[  !  -  V  !2  !(  R
,
U$.B$V#{E2.6=$P-@!=.#]B2E2.6
=@(N1@>V. 1D
56:6C6DE1?7:A:CB
UX.!VTUK\{V.T#$"V+}O72
 JR\22+&44>N 'V26D::
R1P*#4>V.>u>MB.2O4$SD
OYN!~L! ':=RL '9.UX.UTU[L
 9.UX.!VTU!26V^F2:]1#>.6%B=
$  "  2+gP  4‰  UX.!VTU  8  1D  R  $VU  26D
:[G.O9.2+V26D:#1PO4$S}
O]K^O[}OB261l!#nD4
O
UX.!VTU$FK+V 18$>#!(:@@$FK+
V2K^#,u4[)>

N[u1UX.!VTUE2..2.
#K#DVB{.>Œ2+1K(26@ A:/4‰\2BG!"
PVnVR@2}!M1%VmOE2.
#2UX.!VTU#P\2E2.3>FM
56:6F6;".">%MGN?HA7:A:FB
72E2+DqUX.!VTUYZdq’4d4/xM2+q
2+1B->U$.B$VD<M2+##>
2+2+UX.!VT#!M>> $FGRx\2
K@2(UB+::UX.!VTU1..&44>‹7
l‹!(VU&[&4#

&44>u&>!#:D!" UX.!VTU#1B->
U$.B$VD<[-!"!<123[]PB=$V@#
$F.9.123K|D%$DK#123
UX.!VTU#!j$.V.c6!VT69.UX.UT##1B!~
UO2+-$%1123:=UX.UTG<>
/
V[UX.!VTU-!"!<123V7\2M123QV.>
!:#QV.>F>
56:6@68I?JB
UX.!VTU'(V\2V(h>123@
Œ#V2K^!123M6P>
c5h>123O$q7>.>!.[7>[7>$DE2Pc
$%#7>$%~6‹7>T.
c5h>123!.#>>\>q7>MKM26D[$TU7>D
K#[7>S
56:6K68I?JB
UX.!VTU+'(}{K<F-\BG!(
1B2 ->U$.B$V
I.3. Sơ lược về các phương pháp cực phổ và von-ampe [4,7,13]
56C673O2#P
5->$:$$$F=$%#o.>$U#{
$:$$E2.VVB+$:$$$F<
<M$:$$#6\2!=.V726D\E2V^<
=[$"2 96D2#<.<MnVm!2!(
DK\>N<=#><#Oo.>$UaOK@2!h
B=$"2 O !m†.V.!.6#V(D9.<=#><
BR<=BBb
4
C0q2L<
Csq<=#><

“q<=BB
dq<=$~V
Jq1D
q<1D
Hình 1.1. QRS',<%*#!
56C6:T/0%/P
V$:$$$Fc.>$U[<=#><
O!~#q<=A[<=V8#>n0.[#[KM
N.K1
0:$$$FBG!"<=A[.6!~#<
=VUaAY„b[<=V:aY„b[#<=‚
aCY„b;<=#A€^e2-O11€
a”>>b[V:V.n> >.E2P-\2!#1P4o&>[R
O1V1P4c&4•>>.E2P+RK^.A
K|> +!j€$UU
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1-50 ms
0,5-5 s
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abqC-=$%
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0q=$%T2$F
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I.4. Các phương pháp phân tích lý hóa kiểm nghiệm thuốc
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a,Phương pháp đo phổ trực tiếp:
; $"d9.!2!([L 9.-!=.#
V( $"V7a-VKPV.2b
dp„
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a,b
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b. Phương pháp so sánh:
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7<.2E2\2e6L #6#e.2
#+
c. Phương pháp thêm chuẩn so sánh:
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