a0030 pro net 2 0 code and design standards in c sharp 3rd edition 2006 morebook vn 2027

560-2 fm.qxd

10/27/05

4:30 PM

Page i

Pro .NET 2.0 Code and
Design Standards in C#

Mark Horner


560-2 fm.qxd

10/27/05

4:30 PM

Page ii

Pro .NET 2.0 Code and Design Standards in C#
Copyright © 2006 by Torville Pty Ltd
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval
system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner and the publisher.
ISBN (pbk): 1-59059-560-2
Printed and bound in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Trademarked names may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence

of a trademarked name, we use the names only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark
owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark.
Lead Editor: Ewan Buckingham
Technical Reviewer: Jon Reid
Editorial Board: Steve Anglin, Dan Appleman, Ewan Buckingham, Gary Cornell, Tony Davis,
Jason Gilmore, Jonathan Hassell, Chris Mills, Dominic Shakeshaft, Jim Sumser
Associate Publisher: Grace Wong
Project Manager: Beckie Brand
Copy Edit Manager: Nicole LeClerc
Copy Editors: Freelance Editorial Services and Ami Knox
Assistant Production Director: Kari Brooks-Copony
Production Editor: Ellie Fountain
Compositor: Molly Sharp
Proofreader: Linda Seifert
Indexer: Toma Mulligan
Artist: Kinetic Publishing Services, LLC
Interior Designer: Van Winkle Design Group
Cover Designer: Kurt Krames
Manufacturing Director: Tom Debolski
Distributed to the book trade worldwide by Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 233 Spring Street, 6th Floor,
New York, NY 10013. Phone 1-800-SPRINGER, fax 201-348-4505, e-mail , or
visit .
For information on translations, please contact Apress directly at 2560 Ninth Street, Suite 219, Berkeley,
CA 94710. Phone 510-549-5930, fax 510-549-5939, e-mail , or visit .
The information in this book is distributed on an “as is” basis, without warranty. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this work, neither the author(s) nor Apress shall have any
liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly
or indirectly by the information contained in this work.
The source code for this book is available to readers at in the Source Code section.

560-2 fm.qxd

10/27/05

4:30 PM

Page iii

Contents at a Glance
About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
About the Technical Reviewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix

PART 1
■CHAPTER
■CHAPTER
■CHAPTER
■CHAPTER

PART 2
■CHAPTER
■CHAPTER
■CHAPTER
■CHAPTER

PART 3
■CHAPTER
■CHAPTER
■CHAPTER

■CHAPTER

PART 4

■■■
1
2
3
4

Code Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Code Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Code Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Code Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

■■■
5
6
7
8

Design Policy Standards

Design Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Design Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Design Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Design Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

■■■
9

10
11
12

Code Policy Standards

Pattern Standards

Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Creational Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Structural Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Behavioral Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

■■■

References

■APPENDIX A Environment Variables and Remote Proxy Example . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
■LIST OF STANDARDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
■GLOSSARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
■INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
iii


560-2 fm.qxd

10/27/05

4:30 PM

Page iv


560-2 Index.qxd

10/27/05

4:22 PM

Page 335


BOB_Forums7x925

8/18/03

Page 336

forums.apress.com
FOR PROFESSIONALS BY PROFESSIONALS™

JOIN THE APRESS FORUMS AND BE PART OF OUR COMMUNITY. You’ll find discussions that cover topics
of interest to IT professionals, programmers, and enthusiasts just like you. If you post a query to one of our
forums, you can expect that some of the best minds in the business—especially Apress authors, who all write
with The Expert’s Voice™—will chime in to help you. Why not aim to become one of our most valuable participants (MVPs) and win cool stuff? Here’s a sampling of what you’ll find:
DATABASES

PROGRAMMING/BUSINESS

Data drives everything.

Share information, exchange ideas, and discuss any database
programming or administration issues.

Unfortunately, it is.
Talk about the Apress line of books that cover software
methodology, best practices, and how programmers interact with
the “suits.”

INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES AND NETWORKING

WEB DEVELOPMENT/DESIGN

Try living without plumbing (and eventually IPv6).
Talk about networking topics including protocols, design,
administration, wireless, wired, storage, backup, certifications,
trends, and new technologies.

Ugly doesn’t cut it anymore, and CGI is absurd.
Help is in sight for your site. Find design solutions for your
projects and get ideas for building an interactive Web site.

JAVA

SECURITY

We’ve come a long way from the old Oak tree.
Hang out and discuss Java in whatever flavor you choose:
J2SE, J2EE, J2ME, Jakarta, and so on.

Lots of bad guys out there—the good guys need help.

Discuss computer and network security issues here. Just don’t let
anyone else know the answers!

MAC OS X

TECHNOLOGY IN ACTION

All about the Zen of OS X.
OS X is both the present and the future for Mac apps. Make
suggestions, offer up ideas, or boast about your new hardware.

Cool things. Fun things.
It’s after hours. It’s time to play. Whether you’re into LEGO®
MINDSTORMS™ or turning an old PC into a DVR, this is where
technology turns into fun.

OPEN SOURCE

WINDOWS

Source code is good; understanding (open) source is better.
Discuss open source technologies and related topics such as
PHP, MySQL, Linux, Perl, Apache, Python, and more.

No defenestration here.
Ask questions about all aspects of Windows programming, get
help on Microsoft technologies covered in Apress books, or
provide feedback on any Apress Windows book.

HOW TO PARTICIPATE:

Go to the Apress Forums site at />Click the New User link.