ứng dụng phần mềm plecs mô phỏng hệ thống điều khiển nối lưới cho tuabin gió sử dụng máy phát điện DFIG

^

iTNG DUNG PHAN MEM PLECS M 6 PHONG HE T H O N G DIEU KHIEN
NOI LlTcn CHO TUABIN GIO SU" DUNG MAY PHAT DIEN DFIG
Application of Flees in modelUng grid-connected control for wind turbines using Dfig
Le Kim Anh'
Huynh Duong Khanh Linh^
Tom tat

Abstract

Nghien cim sic dung vd khai thdc hieu qud
ngudn ndng lugng gid di phdt dien cd y nghia
thiit thuc den viec gidm biin ddi khi hdu vd gidm
suphu thugc vdo cdc ngudn nhien liiu hda thach
cd nguy co cgn kiet, gdy d nhiim moi tru&ng. De
dieu khien tuabin gid vgn hdnh dugc tdi uu vdi
van tdc gid nhdt dinh, hi thdng phdi tu dieu chinh
theo su thay doi cita van tdc vd hu&ng gid Uu
diim ciia hi thong la khd ndng truyin ndng lugng
theo cd hai huang nh& cdc bd bien ddi dien tir
cdng sudt vd kit hgp v&i mgch lgc de logi trie cdc
sdng hdi bdc cao, dieu ndy coy nghia l&n den viec
edi thiin chat lugng dien ndng Bdi bdo dua ra kit
qud md phdng he thdng dieu khiin ndi lu&i ung
dung phdn mimPlecs cho tuabin gid sic dung mdy
phdt diin khdng dong bg ngudn kep (Doubly Fed
Induction Generator — Dfig) nhdm duy tri cdng
sudt phdt tdi da cua he thdng bdt ehdp tdi noi v&i
he thdng.

Researching the eff'ective use and exploitation
of the wind energy to generate electricity is
meaningful. This contributes to reduce climate
change and energy dependence on fossil energy
sources which are at risk of both exhausting and
causing environmental pollution. In order io
efriciently operate wind turbines at a defined wind
velocity, the rotor system must be functioned and
be self-adjusted to the change of wind speed and
direction. The positive side of the system is able to
transfer power in both directions thanks to the use
of power electronic converters and the combination
of harmonic filter circuits in order to filter out high
level harmonics on the grid. This will also have
a significant effect on power quality improvement.
The article showed the result of modulating gridconnected control system in Plecs applied for wind
turbine using Doubly Fed Induction Generator Dfig in order to maintain maximum capacity of the
system regardless of connected power loads.

Tir khda- ndng luang gid, tuabin gid, Dfig; cdc
Key words: Wind energy, Wind Turbine, Dfig,
bo biin ddi dien tic cong sudt, Plecs.
Power electronic converters, Plecs.

Ngay nay, cung vdi sy phat manh me cua
thd gidi, nhu cau su dyng nang lugng cua con
ngudi ngay cang tang. Nguon nang iugng tai tao
(Renewable Energy sources - RES) noi chung va
ngudn nang lugng gio noi ridng la ngudn nang
lugng sach, khdng gay 6 nhidm mdi trudng, ddng

thdi tiem nang ve tru lugng nang lugng gid a nude
ta rat Ion. Theo sd lieu ciia Ngan hang Thd gidi,
tiem nang gid ciia Viet Nam (d do cao 65m) rit
kha quan, udc dat 513.360MW, Idn han 200 lin
cdng suit nha may thiiy dien Son La va han 10
lin tdng cdng suit dy bao ciia nganh didn ddn nam
2020. Theo Le Danh Lien (2008), day se la ngudn
nang lugng tidm nang dang ke cd thd khai thac va
bd sung cho ngudn dien luai qude gia, thay thd
din cac nguon nang lugng hda thach ngay cang
^ Trudng Cao

can kiet, cai thien dugc mdi trudng sdng dang la
muc tidu nghidn ciru cua nhieu qude gia. Vi^c ung
dung phin mdm Plecs md phdng he thong dieu
kidn noi ludi cho tuabin gio six dung may phat
dien Dfig nham hudng ddn phat trien luai dien
thdng minh va didu khien linh hoat cac ngudn
nang lugng tai tao.

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Nguon: Ngan hang The gidi
So 16, thdng

12/2014


^
2. He thdng dieu khien noi ludi tnabin gio su
dung may phat dien Dfig

phia stator dugc noi Uyc tiep ludi dien, phia rotor
dugc ndi qua hai bg bidn ddi. Bg bidn ddi chinh
Theo (Martin Kanalik, Frantisek Lizak 2005), luu ggi la (AC/DC) dugc dat d phia rotor cho dien
he thdng didu khidn ndi luai tuabin gid sd dung ap ra mdt chidu (DC), bd bien ddi nghjch luu ggi
may phat dien khdng ddng bg ngudn kep (Doubly la (DC/AC) dugc dat d phia ludi cho ra didn ap
Fed Induction Generator, Dfig) bao gom cac thanh xoay chidu (AC) ndi ludi, hai bd bidn ddi lidn he
phan ca ban, nhu Hinh 1. He thong tuabin gid, vdi vdi nhau thong qua mach mdt chieu trung gian.

Bg chinh lim
(AC/DC)

Bg nghicb
(DC/AC)

—-Jig "T-

^

ir

4

Stator 4-

Ngudn gio
' Gdc
' pitch(0p)

May phat dien

(DFIG)

Ludi
didn

Cacbd
dieu khien

Hmh 1: He thong dieu khien ndi lu&i cho tuabin gid sic dung mdy phdt dien
l.\. Mo hinh tuabin gid
Theo
Rooholiah
Fadaeinedjad,
Gerry
Moschopoulost, Mehrdad Moallemt (2006), cdng
suat ciia tuabin gid dugc tfnh theo bidu thuc:

--C(A,/3)^

'm

Trong do: P^: Cdng suat dau ra cua tuabin (W);
C (X,p): He sd bien ddi nang lugng (la ty sd giiJa
Xgpt 7.6
10
12.5
tdc dd diu canh 1 va goc canh P); A: Tidt dien vong
Hinh 2: Mdi quan hi giira C vdi
quay cua canh quat (m^); p: Mat do ciia khdng khi,
Nhu ta da bidt ty sd tdc do dau canh tuabin gio

p = 1.255 (kg/m^). Td bidu thuc (1) ta thay van tdc va tdc dd la:
gid la yen td quan trgng nhat ciia cdng suat; cong
Ro)
suat dau ra tang theo luy thira 3 van tdc. He sd bidn
Z
ddi nang Iugng C (k, p) ciia bieu thuc (1) theo (Tao
Sun 2004), dugc tinh nhu sau:
trong do CO tdc do quay ciia tuabin, R ban kinh cua
tuabin, v van tdc ciia gio. Mdmen ciia tuabin gid
Cp(^;5) = 0.5176(—-0.4^-5)e'' +0.0068/1 (2) duCTc tinh nhu sau:

A,

A + 0.08 /?

0.035
1 + /3^

(3)

Dudng cong bidu didn mdi quan he giira C '
A, nhu Hinh 2.

T^ =

—TtpR^C
2

G)

(4)

"2}

Mat khac, tuabin gio cd the van hanh theo cac
quy tac didu khien khac nhau tiiy thudc vao toc do
cua gio. Dudng cong bieu didn mdi quan he giiJa
P va van tdc gio (v), nhu Hinh 3.
So 16, thdng 12/2014


El_
Theo Lei Yazhou, Mullane Alan, Lightbody
Gordon (et al 2006), phucmg trinh di?n dp tren
stator va rotor trong he tga dd dq dugc tinh nhu sau:

RJ,

dt
du/^

" r = RrK+^T^""

2.2. Mo hinh may phat dien Dfig
Mo hinh may phat dien khdng dong bd ngudn
kep (Dfig) c6 hai loai he tga do dugc su dyng: He
tga do a^ gin cd dinh vdi stator va he tga do dq
cdn ggi la he tga do tua theo didn ap stator, dugc
lya chgn dd phat Uidn md hinh ciing nhu phat trien
cac thuat toan didu khidn cho may phat didn khdng

ddng bd ngudn kep.
Rs

J^rWr

(6)

at
Trong do, co : la tdc do goc cua stator, co^: la tdc
do gdc m?ich dien rotor {fsi= m- co^), co^: la tdc dp
gdc ca ciia rotor. Mat khac, tii thdng ciia stator va
rotor d bidu thdc (5) vd (6) dugc tinh nhu sau:

Hinh 3. Moi quan lie giua P^ vd van tdc

¥s = h^s + 'V-^m

0)

vdi L^: la hd cam gifla hai cugn day stator v^
rotor va L , L : la cac dien cam ciia stator va rotor.
Tu cac bidu thuc (5), (6), (7) va (8) da phan tich a
tren, ta vidt lai nhu sau:

^Jjoj— Lj-^jLin L[5^_Li-Lm^

(Psd

Hmh 4: Md Mnh (DFIG) tren hi tpa dp dq

_M^^+±„^ (9)
dt

ciX

L\ J <^A

-r='',-yV,+^'r-mK
L,
L
dt

<*A 4

4

d,,.

di,.

(10)

(11)

CT-1-

LX,.
la he so tan toan phin. Cac bieu thiic (9), (10) viet theo cac thanh phin d va q cho ddng didn va tu thdng
stator nhu sau:
e/^rf

(ci + 1

a \

,

X.

—T^^^H":;;—'"T^T F^^^-"-V*^ — « ? „ ) J

dt
dt

^v^

X.^

a>,_ — ^

^ +1

a
1

J.
T;

A., -

rV,j

+

a
4

V<.^-

A

-u,a (12)
z.
(13)

J.

(14)

'>},Vf„+u,^

1

(15)

So 16, thdng 12/2014

1 ^

EM
Vcri:

Mat khac, viec hidu chinh cong suit phdn
khang cung co thd thyc hien hidu chinh he sd
cong suat.

1-CT

Theo B.Chitti Babu, K.B.Mohanty (2010),
mdmen ciia may phat dien (DFIG) trong he tga do
dq tua theo didn dp stator (\|/^ = 0) dugc tinh nhu
sau:

2

' L,

(16)

vdi P^: sd ddi eye. Cdng suit phan khang

Q = -3".

(18)

VS
Tu cac bidu thuc (16), (17) va (18) ta thiy
momen didn tu va cdng suit phang khang dugc
didu chinh thdng qua ddng didn d rotor (i , i ),

Hinh 5 la sa do he thdng dieu khidn ndi ludi sd dyng
may phat dien khdng ddng bd ngudn kep (Dfig).

(17)

^ ^ d m e n C'I^MJ

Hinh 5: Sa dd Ap thong diiu khiin ndi lu&i cho tuabin gid su diing mdy phdt di$n Dfig
3.1. Xay dimg mo hinh tren Plecs
Plecs la mgt toolbox Iam viec tuong thich vdi
mdi tnrdng Simulink trong Matlab. Toolbox nay
cung cip cho ngudi sii dung thu vien vd didn tu
cdng suat va he Uuydn ddng rit phong phii, dl dang
mo hinh vdt ly ddi tugng, sau do ap dung thuat
toan da xay dung cho tuabin gid loai Dfig dd didu

khidn md hinh nay. Dieu nay cho phep md hinh
hoa gin vdi thyc td. He thdng didu khien ndi ludi
cho tuabin gid su dung may phat dien Dfig dugc
"lo phdng bdng phin mdm Matlab/simulink/PIecs,
dya vao sa dd Hinh 5, da phan tich d tren. Sa dd he
thdng dieu khidn ndi ludi cho tuabin gio su dung
"i^y phat didn Dfig dugc xay dyng, nhu Hinh 6.

Hinh 6: H^ thong diJu khien noi lu&i cito tuabin gid su dung mdy phdt dien Dfig ung dung phdn «
So 16, thdng 12/2014


EL

Hinh 11: Ddng diin ndi ludi labc (A)
Nhan xet: Thdi gian md phdng cua md hinh
[t = 0.2s], qua kdt qua md phdng su dung phan
mem Plecs, ta thay cac gia tri dong didn, didn ap va
cong suat tai thdi didm t = 0.03s dao dgng, nhung
khi t > 0.03s thi he thdng lam vide d Uang thai
6n dinh va liic nay thyc hien ddng bd ndi ludi.
4. Ket luan
Lfng dyng phan mem Plecs md phdng he thdng
didu khien noi ludi cho tuabin gio sd' dung may
phat dien Dfig da phat huy doi da cdng suit phat

Hinh 12: Diin dp ndi lu&i Vabc (V)
ra ciia tuabin, d thdi diem t > 0.03s ddng bg noi
ludi, he thdng ludn lam vide d Uang thai dn djnh.
Su dyng cac bg bidn ddi dien tu cdng suat nhu AC/
DC, DC/AC va kdt hgp vdi mach lgc dd lo^i trii
cac sdng hai bac cao, didu nay cd y nghTa het sue
quan trgng trong viec cai thidn chit lugng diSn
nang. He thong didu khidn ndi ludi cho tuabin gid
su dung may phat didn Dfig nhdm hudng den vi?c
phat trien ludi didn thdng minh va dieu khidn ndi
ludi linh hoat cho cac ngudn nang lugng tai tao.

Tai lidu tham khao
Ld, Danh Lidn. 2008. Tiem ndng ndng lugng gid a Viet Nam vd khd ndng icng dung. Trung tam
nghidn cuu nang lugng mdi, Trudng Dai hgc Bach khoa Ha Ngi.
Kanalik, M., Lizak, F. 2005. Possibilities of Distributed Generation Simulations Using by Matlab.
51707-lC-L
Fadaeinedjad, R., Moschopoulost, G., Moallemt, M. 2006. Simulation of a Wind Turbine with

Doubly-Fed Induction Machine Using E4ST and Simulink IEEE.
Sun, Tao. 2004. Power Quality of Grid-Connected Wind Turbines with DFIG and Their Interaction
with the Grid. Institute of Energy Technology Aalborg University, Denmark May.
Lei, Yazhou, Mullane, Alan, Lightbody, Gordon, et al. 2006. Modeling of the Wind Turbine With a
Doubly Fed Induction Generator for Grid Integration Studies. IEEE.
Chitti Babu, B., Mohanty, K.B. 2010. "Doubly-Fed Induction Generator for Variable Speed Wind
Energy Conversion Systems - Modeling & Simulation", International Journal of Computer and
Electrical Engineering, vol. 2, No. 1.
Sd 16, thdng 12/2014

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