Implementing PSP
Lecture # 21
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PSP
• The Personal Software Process (PSP)
provides engineers with a disciplined
personal framework for doing software
work
• The PSP process consists of a set of
methods, forms, and scripts that show
software engineers how to plan, measure,
and manage their work
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PSP
• The PSP extends the improvement process
to the people who actually do the work—
the practicing engineers
• The PSP concentrates on the work practices
of the individual engineers
• The principle behind the PSP is that to
produce quality software systems, every
engineer who works on the system must do
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quality work
PSP
• The PSP is designed to help software
professionals consistently use sound
engineering practices
• It shows them how to plan and track their
work, use a defined and measured process,
establish measurable goals, and track
performance against these goals
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PSP
• The PSP shows engineers how to manage
quality from the beginning of the job, how
to analyze the results of each job, and how
to use the results to improve the process for
the next project
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Implementing
Personal Software Process
• Managing time
• Managing commitments
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Implementing
Personal Software Process
• Key part of implementing personal software
process is managing time accurately
• Let’s talk about time management issues
and learn ways to record and store time
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Logic of Time Management 1
• You will likely spend your time this week
much the way you spent it last week
• To make realistic plans, you have to track
the way you spend time
• To check the accuracy of your time
estimates and plans, you must document
them and later compare them with what you
actually do
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Logic of Time Management 2
• To make more accurate plans, determine
where your plans were in error and what
you could have done better
• To manage your time, plan your time and
then follow the plan
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Product Planning
• The size and important features of the
product to be produced
• An estimate of the time required to do the
work
• A projection of the schedule
• Relationship between product and period
planning
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How Time is Spent?
• Categorize your major activities
• Record the time spent on each major
activity
• Record time in a standard way
• Keep the time data in a convenient place
– Engineering Notebook
– Electronic handheld devices
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Following slide to be inserted
Tracking Time in PSP
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Tracking Time in PSP
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Date
Start time
Stop time
Interruption time
Delta time
Activity
Comments
Completed (or not)?
Units
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Hints on Logging Your Time
• Keep the engineering notebook/handheld
device with you at all times
• When you occasionally forget to record the
start time, stop time, or interrupt duration,
make an estimate as soon as you remember
• You may use a stopwatch to track
interruptions
• Summarize your time promptly
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Managing Your Time
• Decide how you want to spend your time
• Make a time budget
• Track the way you spend time against this
budget
• Decide what changes to make to bring your
actions into agreement with the budget
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Time Stealers 1
• Interruptions
– Telephone
– Personal visitors
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Meetings
Tasks you should have delegated
Procrastination and indecision
Acting with incomplete information
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Time Stealers 2
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Dealing with team members
Crisis management (fire fighting)
Unclear communication
Inadequate technical knowledge
Unclear objectives and priorities
Lack of planning
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Time Stealers 3
• Stress and fatigue
• Inability to say ‘No’
• Desk management and personal
disorganization
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Suggestion on Managing
Variable Time
• What are your highest priority items?
• Are there some tasks that should be done at
specific times?
• Are there activities you want to do as soon
as you have time?
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Time Management Strategies 1
• Always define your objectives as clearly as
possible
– Written goals, which can be reviewed regularly
– Long term goals should impact daily activities
– Without a goal or object, people tend to just
drift personally and professionally
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Time Management Strategies 2
• Analyze your use of time
– ‘What is the most important use of my time,
right now?’
• Have a plan
– Successful people make lists constantly
– Change priorities on a regular basis
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Time Management Strategies 3
• Action plan analysis
– Problems will occur
– A good plan identifies them early and seek out
solutions
– Good time management enables you to measure
the progress towards your goals
– What you can measure, you can control
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• Let’s now talk about commitments
management
• Keep discussion on commitments short and
sweet and move to PSP process levels
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Defining Commitments
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What will be done
The criteria for determining that it is done
Who will do it
When it will be done
The compensation or other consideration to
be given in return
• Who will provide this compensation or
consideration
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Responsibly Made Commitments
• Analyze the job before agreeing to the
commitment
• Support the commitment with a plan
• Document the agreement
• If unable to meet the commitment, promptly
tell the other party and try to minimize the
impact on that party
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