ISO/IEC 12207:2008
Information Technology Software Life Cycle
Processes
ISO: International Standards Organization
IEC: International Electrotechnical Commission
Lecture # 33
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ISO 12207
• ISO 12207 is an ISO standard for software
lifecycle processes
• ISO/IEC 12207 is the first International
Standard to provide a comprehensive set of
life cycle processes, activities and tasks for
software that is part of a larger system, and for
stand alone software products and services
• It was first introduced on August 1, 1995
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ISO 12207
• The ISO 12207 standard establishes a process
of lifecycle for software, including processes
and activities applied during the acquisition
and configuration of the services of the system
• Each Process has a set of outcomes associated
with it
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ISO 12207
• The standard has the main objective of
supplying a common structure so that the
buyers, suppliers, developers, maintainers,
operators, managers and technicians involved
with the software development use a common
language
• This common language is established in the
form of well defined processes
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ISO 12207
• ISO/IEC 12207 also provides a process that
can be employed for defining, controlling, and
improving software life cycle processes
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ISO 12207
• The structure of the standard was intended to
be conceived in a flexible, modular way so as
to be adaptable to the necessities of whoever
uses it
• The standard is based on two basic principles:
modularity and responsibility
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Modularity
• Modularity means processes with minimum
coupling and maximum cohesion
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Responsibility
• Responsibility means to establish a
responsibility for each process, facilitating the
application of the standard in projects where
many people can be legally involved
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• The set of processes, activities and tasks can
be adapted according to the software project
• These processes are classified in three types:
basic, for support and organizational
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Try not to use this
• The support and organizational processes must
exist independently of the organization and the
project being executed
• The basic processes are instantiated according
to the situation
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• This International Standard can be used in one
or more of the following modes
– By an organization
– By a project
– By an acquirer and a supplier
– By organizations and assessors
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By an Organization 1
• To help establish an environment of desired
processes
• These processes are to be supported by an
infrastructure of methods, procedures,
techniques, tools and trained personnel
• The organization may then employ this
environment to perform and manage its
projects and progresses systems through their
life cycle stages
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By an Organization 2
• In this mode this International Standard is used
to assess conformance of a declared,
established set of life cycle processes to its
provisions
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By a Project
• To help select, structure and employ the
elements of an established set of life cycle
processes to provide products and services
• In this mode this International Standard is used
in the assessment of conformance of the
project to the declared and established
environment
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By an Acquirer and a Supplier
• To help develop an agreement concerning
processes and activities
• Via the agreement, the processes and activities
in this International Standard are selected,
negotiated, agreed to and performed
• In this mode this International Standard is used
for guidance in developing the agreement
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By Organizations and Assessors
• To perform assessments that may be used to
support organizational process improvement
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Life Cycle Process Groups
• System Context Processes
• Software Specific Processes
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• Each process of this standard is described in
terms of the following attributes:
– The title conveys the scope of the process as a
whole
– The purpose describes the goals of performing the
process
– The outcomes express the observable results
expected from the successful performance of the
process
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– The activities are a list of actions that are used to
achieve the outcomes
– The tasks are requirements, recommendations, or
permissible actions intended to support the
achievement of the outcomes
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Following slide to be inserted
The Life Cycle Processes of
12207:2008
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The Life Cycle Processes of
12207:2008
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Agreement Processes
• These processes define the activities necessary
to establish an agreement between two
organizations
• There are two agreement processes
– Acquisition Process
– Supply Process
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• If the Acquisition Process is invoked, it
provides the means for conducting business
with a supplier of products that are supplied
for use as an operational system, of services in
support of an operational system, or of
elements of a system being developed by a
project
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• If the Supply Process is invoked, it provides
the means for conducting a project in which
the result is a product or service that is
delivered to the acquirer
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Organizational ProjectEnabling
Processes
• There are five organizational projectenabling
processes
– Life Cycle Model Management Process
– Infrastructure Management Process
– Project Portfolio Management Process
– Human Resource Management Process
– Quality Management Process
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