Báo cáo khoa học:Chính sách của Đảng và dân tộc trong thời kỷ đổi mới pot

CHINH SACH
DAN
TQC
CUA
DANG
VA
NHA
NiAJC
TRONG THdfl K( f)d(
M6(
TS
NGUYEN
DOC
Ai
hue hidn ehinh sach dan tdc trdn
nguydn tdc dodn kd't, binh ddng,
giijp
dd
Idn
nhau gitfa cdc dan tdc,
dudng
Id'i
ddi mdi
ciia
Dang tai Dai hdi VI
(12-1986) khdng djnh: " chinh
sdeh
dan
tde ludn ludn
Id
mdt bd phan trgng yd'u

trong ehinh sach xa hdi", " Trong
vide
phat tridn kinh te, xa
hdi o
nhifng noi cd
ddng ddng bdo cde dan tde thidu sd, cdn
the hidn ddy
dii
ehinh sdeh dan tdc, phdt
trien mdi quan he tdt dep gdn bd gitfa cdc
dan tdc trdn tinh thdn dodn kd't,
buih
ddng,
giup dd nhau, eting lam
chii
tap the; kd't
hap phat trien kinh te va phat trien xa hdi,
day manh sdn xuat va cham lo ddi sdng con
ngudi, ke cd nhihig ngudi ttr noi khde de'n
va dan tai
ehd"l.
Nhd dd, sau gdn 25 nam
thuc hidn dudng
Idi
ddi mdi, edng tac dan
tde va ehinh sdeh dan tde da cd nhung
chuyen bie'n tich cue.
Thu 'nhdt, dai dodn ke't todn dan tdc
trong thdi dai ngdy nay khdng chi dua trdn
CO

sd thdng nhat lgi fch
ehung
la xay dung
nude
Viet
Nam "dan gidu, nudc manh, xa
hdi
cdng bdng, dan
chii,
van minh" ma edn
phdi bid't phat huy cac gia trj truyen thdng
quy bau
ciia
mdi thanh vidn,
ciia
ttmg dan
tde,
tao thdnh sire manh tdng hgp. Dai doan
ke't todn dan tde la mdt
bd
phan
eiia
dudng
Id'i
ddi mdi, la thanh qua
eiia
cdng
cude
ddi
mdi.

Chinh vi vay, dai doan kd't toan dan
tdc da trd thdnh mue tidu vd ddng lue cua
tien trinh phdt trien dat nudc trong thdi ki
ddi mdi.
Nghj quyd't Trung uong 9 khda X cua
Ddng ddnh gia: "Chfnh sach xay dung va
phat huy
sire
manh
ciia
khd'i dai dodn ket
toan dan tdc tidp tuc dugc trien khai rdng
rai,
ed kd't qua Dang, Nha nudc cd nhieu
chinh sach mdi dem lai lgi fch cho cac tang
ldp nhan dan, cdng nhan, ndng dan, tri
thirc,
ddng bdo cdc dan tdc, tdn giao, ngudi
Viet Nam d nudc ngoai; cd nhieu chuang
trinh danh cho ddng bao cac dan tdc thieu
sd, ngudi ngheo, ngudi cd hoan cdnh kho
khan; ehinh sach tdn trgng tu do tfn
ngudng, tao dieu kidn cho cac tdn
gidp
hoat
ddng theo quy djnh cua phdp
luat"^.
Cac
ngdnh, cae dja phuang da qudn triet va thirc
hidn ed kd't qua cae chu truong,

chi'nh
sach
cua Ddng va Nha nudc; nhidu van de
phire
tap ve dan tdc va tdn giao, van de dan sinh
btrc
xtic
dugc giai quyd't. Cdng tac van
ddng ngudi cd uy tfn trong ddng bao dan
tdc
thieu sd (DTTS), van ddng chirc sdc, tin
dd cac tdn giao dugc coi trgng. Nhd dd,
khd'i dai doan ke't toan dan tdc khdng
ngirng dugc cung cd va tang cudng tren co
sd, ndn tang
eiia
khd'i lidn minh cdng -
ndng - trf va thuc hidn tdt nguyen tde cac
dan tdc ddu binh ddng, doan kd't, hgp tac,
giiip dd nhau cting tidn bd.
Dudng
Id'i
ddi mdi diing ddn
ciia
Dang
la nggn cd doan ket, tap hgp nhan dan
trong thdi ki phat trien mdi
ciia
da't nudc.
Td chire dang va chinh quyen cac cap cd

budc chuyen bie'n ve cdng tac dan
van.
Mat
tran Td qudc va cac doan the' nhan dan nd
• Hgc
vign
Bao
chif
vd Tuyen truydn.
24
TAP CHI QUAN LY NHA NUOC - SO 172 (5-2010)
NGHIEN
CQU
- TRAO DOI
lire
ddi mdi cdng tac, hoat ddng ngay cang
cd
hieu
qua hon trong vice xay dung va
cimg cd khdi dai dodn kd't toan dan
tdc
vi
mue tidu dan gidu, nudc manh, xa hdi cdng
bdng, dan
chii,
van minh.
Thu hai, khd'i dai dodn ke't toan dan
tdc
ludn duge quan tam xay dung va ciing cd,
nlid

dd, da phat huy duge
sire
manh
eiia
toan dan tdc nhdm thuc hien thdng lgi eae
mue
tieu phat trie'n kinh td- xa hdi dugc dat
ra trong mdi giai doan
ciia
each mang.
Lanh dao
plidt
trien ndn kinh te thj trudng
dinh hudng XHCN vdi xuat phdt diem
ciia
nen kinh te
tliap,
Ddng ta
chii
truong kd't
hgp sue manh dan tde vdi sire manh thdi
dai,
ke't hgp ndi luc vdi ngoai luc; trong dd,
npi lue ddng vai trd quye't djnh, ngoai luc
giif vai trd quan trgng. Nhd dd, ndn kinh
te'
cua nudc ta vdn giii duge tdc do tang
trudng eao trong thdi gian ddi, gidm duge
tiic dpng tieu cue
ciia

suy thoai kinh te the'
gidi,
gitr vung dn djnh chfnh trj, bao ddm
trat tu, an toan xa hdi tao tam ly yen tam
dau tu phdt trien kinh
td'ciia
cdc thdnh phdn
kinh te.
Nhieu cap uy, td chiie ddng, ehinh
quyen.
Mat tran Td qud'e va cac doan the
nhan dan da trie'n khai thuc hien nhung
nhidm vu
ehii
yeu vd ehinh sdeh dan tde
nhu tang cudng phdt tridn kd't cau ha tdng
khu vuc mien niii, vting ddng bao DTTS,
bude ddu dap ung phdt trid'n san xudt va
phuc vu ddi sdng ddng bdo cde dan tde.
Cdc chuong trinh phdt trie'n kinh td- xa hdi,
nhu Chuang trinh 134, Chuang trinh 135
(giai doan 11) duge trien khai tich cue da
dem lai kd't qua quan trong eho vting ddng
bao DTTS. Dd'n nay, 100% xa dac bidt khd
khan ed trudng hge, nha mdu gido va cae
ldp ban trii dan nudi. Cae bdn xa trung tam
deu cd ldp cdm bdn, tmh trang hgc ca 3
dugc xod bd, ti
Id
tre em trong dd tudi dd'n

trudng dat 90%-95%. Gdn 100% xa mien
nui ed nha van hod hoac diem buu didn -
van hod; nhieu thdn, ban ed nha sinh hoat
cdng ddng; gdn 90% xa cd didn thoai;
100%
xa ed td ehiic co sd dang; gan 90%
thdn ban cd chi bd, gidm sd thdn, ban
khdng ed dang vidn. Ddi ngu edn bd ngudi
DTTS cd bude trudng thanh, ti
Id
edn bd
ngudi DTTS trong he thdng chinh trj d ede
cap ngdy edng dugc nang
Idn 3.
Cac chuang trinh, chfnh sach
eiia
Ddng
va Nha nude da tao co
hdi
dot phd giiip
ngudi ngheo dn dinh cude sdng. Nhieu hd
da thoat ngheo va vuon len lam gidu, gdp
phdn tieh cue vao su phat trid'n kinh te - xa
hgi vting DTTS, mien mii. Mgt sd chinh
sach dac bidt da va dang lam thay ddi can
bdn ddi sdng kinh te - xa hdi khu vuc mien
niii,
vting ddng bao DTTS. Nhidu chinh
sach dac bidt da tao nen hidu qud to
Idn,

gia
tri nhan van sau sdc, nhu Chuang trinh
135,
Nghj quyet 30a/2008/NQ-CP cua Chinh
phii
vd (Thuong trinh hd trg gidm ngheo
nhanh va ben vting. Chuang trinh xay dung
trung tam cum xa, vdi ngudn kinh phi dau
tu 600 ti ddng, xay dung 245 cdng trinh, da
duge 29 tinh trid'n khai thuc hien diing tien
do xay dung cac hang mue cdng trinh va da
gidi ngan 94% ke hoach
vdn'*.
Kd't qud ddu tu Chuong trinh 135 giai
doan I, giai doan
II
kd't hgp long ghep eae
chuang trinh, du an tren dja ban vting
DTTS va mien niii da ed tac ddng to
Idn.
He thdng giao thdng ndng thdn, kenh
muong thuy lgi, phdt thanh truyen hinh,
trudng hge, tram y td duge md rdng quy
md, nang cao chat lugng hoat ddng va phdt
tridn dd'n vting sau, vting xa. Cdc
linh
vue y
te,
van hod, gido due cd budc chuyen bie'n
tich cue. Cdng tde xda ddi, gidm ngheo dat

kd't qua tdt, ddi sdng ddng bdo DTTS ngheo
tung bude cdi thidn; trinh
dd ddi
ngu can
be
cap xa, thdn, ban dugc nang len. Ti
Id
hd
ngheo hdng nam gidm tu 3-4%. Tinh dd'n
hd't nam 2009, da ed khodng
110
xa
ciia
26
tinh da hoan thdnh cde mue tidu dau tu va
dugc dua ra khdi Chuong trinh
135^.
Ddng
bao cdc dan
tdc
ngay cang tin tudng vao su
lanh dao cua Dang va cdng cude ddi mdi
da't nudc, doan ke't cdng ddng, tich
cue
tham gia xay dung va bao vd To qudc.
Cdng tdc ddo tao, bdi dudng, nang cao
trinh do, tay nghe cho ngudi lao ddng, gidi
TAP
CHI QUAN LY NHA NU6c - SO 172 (5-2010)
25

NGHIEN
CCrU
- TRAO DOI
thieu vide lam, xua't khau lao ddng dugc
day manh, gidm bdt tinh trang thidu vide
lam, that nghidp
ciia
ngudi dan d thdnh thj
va ndng thdn (trong 3 nam thuc hidn Nghj
quyd't Dai hdi X cua Dang, da giai quyd't
vide ldm mdi cho khodng gdn 5 trieu lugt
lao ddng; sd lao ddng vd chuydn gia di lao
ddng d cde nude dat gdn 250 nghin ngudi,
nang tdng sd lao
ddng
va chuyen gia Viet
Nam ldm
vide
d nudc ngodi
Idn
trdn 470
nghin ngudi, hang nam giri ve nudc tren
1,7 ti USD). Cdng tac xoa ddi, giam ngheo
tidp tue dugc quan tam, dat ke't qud tich
cue.
Chuan ngheo dugc nang
Idn,
ti
Id
hd

ngheo tiep tuc gidm d tat ed eae vting, tinh,
thanh phd. Trong 2 nam 2006 - 2007, hd
ngheo tiep tue gidm binh quan trdn 300
nghin hd/nam, nam 2006
ti Id
hd ngheo
edn
15,5%,
nam 2007 edn 14,8%
(giam
dugc 7,2% so vdi cudi nam 2005). Trong
dd,
Tay
Bde cdn 32,4%, Ddng Bde 23,4%,
ddng bdng sdng Hdng 10%, Bde Trung Bd
23,4%,
duydn hdi midn Trung 16,2%, Tay
Nguydn
21,3%,
Ddng Nam
Bd
5,1%, ddng
bdng sdng Cim Long 12,9%. Mdt sd dja
phuong da co bdn xoa hd't sd
hd
ngheo theo
chudn qudc gia (nhu Da Ndng, Binh
Duong, thdnh phd Hd Chf Minh) va dp
dung chuan ngheo mdi
eiia

dja phuong cao
hon ttr 1,5 - 2
Idn
so vdi ehuan ngheo qudc
gia6.
Thu ba, phat trien gido due, dao tao;
xay dung va phdt trid'n ndn van hda tidn
tien, dam da bdn sdc dan tde, khdng ngtmg
nang eao ddi sdng tinh thdn
ciia
cac dan
tdc.
Thue hidn
ehii
truang: ddu tu phdt trien
giao due, dao tao la qud'e sach hang ddu,
cdc cap
iiy
va ehfnh quyen da ludn quan
tam ddu tu de nang eao chat lugng
giao due
va ddo tao, cd chfnh sach uu tidn dd'i vdi
cde DTTS, ddng bao vting mien niii, vting
cao,
vting bidn gidi, hai ddo: "Ddu tu eho
su nghidp giao due va dao tao tang len
ddng ke. Nam 2005, chi eho giao due va
dao tao chie'm khoang 18% tdng chi ngan
sdeh nha nude; da huy ddng duoc nhieu
ngudn vd'n khac de

phdt
trien giao
due
thdng qua vide phdt hdnh cdng trai gido
due,
ddng gdp eua dan cu, cua doanh
nghiep, vd'n ttr ben ngoai. Co sd vat chat
cLia
nganh da dugc tang cudng, dac bidt la
dd'i vdi vung niii, vting ddng bao dan tdc
thieu so" . Danh gia
sir
lanh dao sau
nira
nhiem ki Dai
hdi
X, Hdi nghj Trung uang
9 khdng djnh: "Giao due d vting sau, vting
xa, vting kinh td' - xa
hdi
khd khan dupc
quan tam phdt trien hon.
Tliuc
hien nhidu
chinh sach hd trg hgc sinh ngheo, tre
khuyet tat, tre em cd hoan canh khd khan,
con em ddng bao cac dan tdc thieu
sd"^.
He thdng trudng dan
tdc ndi

trii dugc
ddu tu xung dang vdi nhu cau hgc tap
eiia
con em ddng bao DTTS. Ddng thdi, Nha
nudc cd nhieu chfnh sach hd trg, khuyen
khfch
sir
hgc tap, ren luyen cua hgc sinh
DTTS khdng chi trong bac hgc phd thdng
ma ca trong qua trinh hgc d cac trudng day
nghd, cao ddng, dai hgc vdi cac chinh sdeh
hgc
bdng, cho sinh vidn vay tien de ddng
hgc phf va chi phf khdc trong qua trinh hpc
tap;
chfnh sdeh xet tuyen hge sinh la ngudi
DTTS cir di dao tao bac dai hgc trong va
ngodi nudc
Thu
tu,
thuc hidn tdt cac chfnh sach y te,
cham sdc, bao vd sire khde cua nhan dan,
dae bidt quan tam nhieu hon dd'i vdi ddng
bdo DTTS. Cdng tde bao ve va cham sdc
sire
khde nhan dan, dac biet dd'i vdi cac
DTTS tidp tue duge quan tam. Dang va
Nha nudc da ban hanh nhidu ca che, chinh
sach, van ban chi dao, quy hoach phat trid'n
mang ludi y te va mdt sd chuang trinh

mue
tidu qudc gia cham sdc
SLi:c
khoe nhan dan.
Nha nudc da tang cudng dau tu nang cap
cac
CO
sd y te, mang ludi kham chtfa benh
ttr trung uong dd'n tinh, huyen, xa.
Vide
thuc hidn ed kd't qua cac chuang trinh y td'
tai cdng ddng va kham chtra bdnh ban dau
cho ngudi bdnh cd the bao hiem y te, ngudi
ngheo tai xa da gdp phan tao dieu kien
d^
ngudi dan tiep can djch vu y te' ca ban co
chat lugng ban. Y te du phdng, edng tac
phdng, chdng djch benh dugc tang cudng;
da kjp thdi khdng che, ngan chan khdng de
djch tidu chay cap lan rdng, keo dai; phdng
chdng cd hidu qua cac benh sdt xua't huyet,
26
TAP CHI QUAN LY NHA NUOC - SO 172 (5-2010)
NGHIEN
COU
- TRAO DOI
chan tay midng De'n nay, cd nude
ed
45%
so xa dat chudn qud'e

gia ve y te xa.
Tang cudng xay dung,
eiing
cd
cde thid't
che
van hod; tiep
tuc
thuc hien cdc chuong
tiinii
bao tdn va
phdt
huy cae gid trj van
hod
tieu
bieu
ciia
dan tdc;
trong
dd,
chii
trpng khuyen khich,
bdo tdn va
phat
huy
van
hod
truyen thdng
eiia
cac

DTTS. Hoat
dpng van hoa
d co sd va
phong trao "Todn
clan
dodn
ke't
xdy
dUng
din sdng vdn hod
d
khu
ddn cu", cdc
hoat ddng
the'
due,
the
thao
cd
budc phdt trid'n. Bdo
chf,
xuat
bdn,
phat thanh, truyen hinh phat trien nhanh,
phong phii,
da
dang,
ed
nhidu ddng
gdp

tich
cue.
Thif ndm, thuc hien ehinh sach
dan
tdc
gdn lien
vdi
thue hidn chfnh sdeh
tdn
gido
ciia
Ddng
vd Nha
nude.
Van
dd' doan
ke't
dan tdc
va
dodn kd't
tdn
gido dugc Dang
va
Nha nudc
ta
khdng djnh nhat qudn
la van
de
ed y
nghia ehid'n luge

ciia
cdch mang
Viet Nam. Sdng "Tdt ddi dep dao", "Ddng
hanh cting dan tde" ludn
Id
truyen thdng,
la
mue tieu ehung
cua eae td
chirc
tdn
gido
d
Viet Nam
va la co sd
hod nhap, ciing
cd
va
tang cudng khd'i
dai
doan
kd't
giua ddng
bao
ed tfn
ngudng,
tdn
giao
vdi
ddng

bao
khdng
cd tin
ngudng,
tdn
gido.
"Tdt ddi"
va "dep dao"
la hai mat ed mdi
quan
he
thdng nha't vdi nhau. Ddi sdng
xa
hdi ngdy
cang phdt trid'n,
dd la co sd
va dieu kidn dd'
chain
lo
hanh phiie
eho eon
ngudi; trong
dd,
cd
ddng
bao cd
dao. Nguge
lai,
ddng
biio

tdn giao sdng "Dep dao" cting chfnh
la
gop phdn
lam cho cae gid trj dao
diic,
van
hoa tdt dep
ciia
dan tdc dugc nhan
rdng
phd
bie'n, dugc hien thue
hod
trong
xa
hdi,
gdp
phdn Cling
cd va
tang cudng viing chde
khdi dai doan kd't toan dan.
Ngoai
ra,
thue hidn ehfnh sach
dan tdc
cua Dang
va Nha
nude,
td
chiic

va
hoat
dpng
eua cac ea
quan
ve va'n de dan tdc
khdng ngtmg
ddi mdi va
phdt
huy vai trd,
sire manh
eiia
ea he
thdng chfnh
trj
trong
xay dung khdi
dai
doan
ket
todn
dan tdc.
Dae biet, ngay 10-5-2010, Dai hdi dai bieu
toan qud'e
cac
DTTS Viet
Nam da
khai
mac.
Day eung la djp dd Ddng

\'a
Nhd nude
tdn vinh cdng
lao to
Idn ciia
cac
DTTS
ddi
vdi thdng
lgi
ehung
ciia
each mang Viet
Nam.
Tuy nhidn, vide thuc hidn ehinh sach
dan
tdc ciia
Ddng
va Nhd
nudc trong thdi
gian vtra
qua vdn cdn
mdt
sd bat
cap,
yd'u
kem
cdn
khdc phue
nhu:

- Thdnh
tuu xod
ddi, gidm ngheo chua
that vtfng chdc. Sd hd ngheo
va
tai ngheo
d
mdt
so
vting
cdn
Idn,
ti
Id hd
ngheo theo
chuan
mdi edn cao. Ddi
sdng nhan
dan
vting sau, vting xa, vting thudng bj thidn
tai
edn nhieu
khd
khan; nhidu vting DTTS
ed
ti
Id
hd
ngheo eao
ban so vdi

binh quan
cd
nude.
Mdt so
ehinh sach
trg
giiip ngudi
ngheo,
hd
ngheo, vting ngheo chua dugc
td
chirc thuc hien
tdt^.
- Cdng tac bdo vd
va
cham sdc sire khoe
nhan
dan cdn
nhidu
bat
cap.
He
thdng
y te'
chain dot mdi, chat lugng djch vu
y
td'ehua
dap
ung nhu cdu
ngay edng

da
dang
eiia
nhan
dan;
dieu kidn cham
sdc y td' cho
ngudi ngheo, vting
sau,
vung
xa,
vting
DTTS edn nliieu
ban
ehe.
- Qudn
ly
Id
hdi
chua chat
ehe,
ehua
phan loai va
hudng
ddn
td
chirc
phti
hgp vdi
timg loai

Id
hdi-
Cdc thid't ehe van
hoa cdn
thieu, khai
thae,
sir
dung chua hieu
qud.
Mirc hudng
thu van hod
ciia
nhan
dan edn
thap,
ehdnh lech
Idn
gitra
cdc
vting,
cdc
tdng
ldp dan cu.
Chat lugng phong trdo
"Todn
ddn dodn
ke't
xdy
dUng
ddi sdng vdn

hod
dkhu
ddn
cu"
cdn
ban
ehe; danh hidu
gia dinh
van hod, khu phd,
thdn,
ban van
hod
d
nhidu
noi
ehua diing thue chdt, nang
ve hinh thire. Cdng
tac
q^udn
ly cdc
boat
ddng
van hod (td
chiie bidu didn,
sdn
xuat
bang,
dia
hinh, karaoke,
vQ

trudng ), qudn
ly bdo
chf (cd
bdo viet, phdt thanh, truyen
hinh, internet,
blog),
xuat
ban edn
nhieu
mat budng ldng,
de nay
sinh tidu
cue va
khuynh hudng khdng lanh manh,
rat
bat
lgi
vd cdng
tac
chinh trj,
tu
tudng.
- Cdng
tac bao vd an
ninh
ndi
bd, an
ninh kinh te,
an
ninh ndng thdn, nhdt

la an
ninh trdn
linh
vuc tdn giao, dan tde, an ninh
TAP CHI QUAN LY
NHA
NUOC
-
SO 172 (5-2010)
27
NGHIEN
CQU
- TRAO DOI
tu tudng van hoa, an ninh thdng tin, bdo vd
bf mat nha nudc cdn cd nhtrng so hd.
Ben canh dd, cdng tac djnh canh, djnh
cu lam chua tdt; ddi sdng kinh td' va van
hod
CLia
ddng bao cdn thdp; sd ngudi
mti
chif cdn nhieu;
mdt
so phong tuc tap qudn
lac hau cd hai chua dugc xod bd. Vide thuc
hidn Nghj quye't sd 36-NQ/TW ngdy 26-3-
2004 cua Bd Chinh trj khda IX vd cdng tdc
dd'i vdi ngudi Viet Nam d nudc ngoai vdn
cdn mdt sd ban che trong vide khuyen
khieh,

ddng
vidn Viet kieu ddu tu tai Viet
Nam trong nhting ngdnh,
linh
vuc ma Viet
Nam dang rat thidu
De tidp tuc thuc hidn tdt ehinh sach dan
tde eua Ddng va Nha nude, cdc cap
iiy,
chfnh quyen va doan the' cdn tap trung mdt
sd ndi dung
chii
yd'u sau:
- Phat huy mgi ngudn luc de thiic day
tang trudng kinh te, kim ehe lam phat, phdt
trien nen kinh te
tin
trudng djnh hudng
XHCN
phti
hgp vdi dae did'm, dieu kien
eiia
ttmg vung, bdo ddm cho ddng bao cae
dan tde khai thdc the manh
ciia
dja phuong
ldm giau cho minh va cho dat nudc, tham
gia tieh cue vao su nghiep ddi mdi, xay
dung vd bdo vd vung chdc Td qudc Vidt
Nam XHCN.

Ddy manh cdng tdc xoa ddi, gidm
ngheo, nang eao ddi sdng vat chat, tinh
thdn
CLia
ddng bdo DTTS, nhat la d cae xa
vting dac bidt khd khan, hoan thidn va nang
cap kd't cdu ha tang eo sd thid't yd'u, tap
trung ddu tu phdt trid'n d eae dja phuang
edn ngheo; phdt huy tiem nang, lgi the ttrng
vimg, ddy manh chuyen djch eo cau cay
trdng, vat nudi gdn vdi che bidn va tidu thu
sdn phdm. Quan tam dao tao, day nghe,
dich vu lam vide, tang thu nhap, nang cao
chdt luong cude sdng cho ddng bdo cdc
DTTS.
- Ddu tu phdt trien gido
due,
ddo tao;
trong do, ed ehinh sdeh uu tidn dac bidt
phdt trien giao due vd ddo tao, coi trgng
ddo tao edn bd va ddi
ngQ
tri thirc eho cae
DTTS.
Trudc mdt, coi trgng ddu tu chuong
trinh xda mu chii va phd cap giao due trung
hge
CO
sd va cdc chuong trinh giao
due

mien nui, nang cao chat lugng va hidu qua
giao due, dao tao, nhat la he thdng trudng
phd thdng dan tdc ndi tru cac cap; dua
chuang trinh day nghe vao cac trudng dan
tdc
ndi
trii; tiep tuc thue hidn tdt chinh sdeh
uu tidn,
cir
tuyen con em ddng bao cac
DTTS vao hgc tai cac trudng dai hgc va cao
ddng. Thuc hidn chfnh sach uu tidn,
khuyen khfch ddi vdi can
bd
la ngudi
DTTS,
can
bd
cdng tdc d vting DTTS va
mien niii. Cd chinh sach vdi ngudi cd uy
tin trong cdng ddng, ke ca
mdt
so chire sdc
tdn gido, gia lang, trudng ban.
- Ddu tu bdo tdn va phat trid'n gid trj van
hda cua cdng ddng cac dan
tdc
Viet Nam
va
ciia

ttmg dan tdc, tiep thu nhung tinh
hoa van hda nhan loai, xay dung nen van
hda Viet Nam tidn tidn, dam da bdn sdc dan
tdc.
Ddng thdi bai trir nhung tap tuc lac hau
can trd su tidn
bd ciia
cac dan tdc.
- Ddu tu trang thid't bj, can bd cho ede co
sd khdm ehtia bdnh cho cac viing DTTS,
vimg khd khan; nang cao hon nifa chat
lugng cdng tde chain sdc
sire
khde eho
ddng bao DTTS.
- Quy hoach phat trie'n kinh td' - xa hpi
vting ddng bao cac DTTS gdn vdi chinh
sach an ninh - qudc phdng, nhat la d cac
dja ban xung yd'u, bidn gidi; ngan chan vide
lgi dung van de dan tdc, tdn giao dd pha
hoai khdi dai doan kdt gitfa cac dan tdc,
lam mat dn djnh xa
hdi.
Quy hoach phat trien kinh td' hdng hoa
gdn vdi xay dung ndng thdn mdi; xae lap
quydn ldm chu cu the vd dat dai cua ddng
bdo DTTS, khdc phuc can ban tinh trang
tranh chap rudng dat vd di cu tu do d cac
vimg DTTS hidn nay; giiip dd ddng bao
djnh canh, djnh cu dn djnh

cude
sdng. Nha
nudc cd chfnh sach uu dai dac bidt vd vd'n,
midn gidm thue've cung
iing
vat tu, chuyen
giao cdng nghd tidn tien va tidu thu san
phdm, ke cd xuat khau cho ba con cae dan
tdc;
bao dam luong thuc eho cdc vting van
tai khd khan, thidu thdn luang thuc, tao
didu kidn de ddng bao khdng quay lai cupc
28
TAP CHI QUAN LY NHA NU6C - SO 172 (5-2010)
sdng du canh, du eu, phat nuang lam rdy
nhu trudc kia.
Thuc hidn dudng
Id'i
ddi
mdi.
Dang ta
tie'p tuc khdng
djnli:
"Dang ta ludn coi van
de dan tde va doan kd't ede dan tde la van
de ehid'n luge, co ban, lau dai cua su nghidp
each
mang nudc ta. Cac dan tde trong dai
gia
dinh

Viet Nam binh dang, dodn kd't, tdn
trpng va giiip dd nhau eting tid'n bd; eting
nliau
thuc hidn thdng lgi
sir
nghiep cdng
nghidp hod, hidn dai hod, xay dung va bdo
ve Td qudc Viet Nam xa hdi
chii
nghia.
Chiing ta thuc hidn nhat qudn chfnh
sdeh
ton trgng va bdo dam quyen tu do tfn
ngudng, theo hoac klidng theo tdn gido eua
cong dan, quydn sinh hoat tdn gido binh
thudng theo phdp luat. Doan kd't ddng bdo
theo cac tdn giao khdc nhau, ddng bdo theo
tdn gido va ddng bao khdng theo tdn gido.
Dau tranh ngan chan cae hdnh vi lgi dung
cae van de dan tdc, tfn ngudng, tdn gido de
hoat ddng trdi phdp luat, kich ddng, chia re
NGHIEN
Cl[rU
- TRAO DOI
nhan dan, chia re cae dan tde, tdn giao, lam
phuang hai dd'n lgi feh
ehung eiia
dat
nude"
10.

Thuc hidn ehfnh sdeh dan tde
trong giai doan hidn nay cdn qudn triet
phuong cham: Lay mue tidu xay dung mdt
nudc Viet Nam hda binh,
ddc
lap, thdng
nha't, toan ven lanh thd, dan gidu, nude
manh, dan
chii,
cdng bdng, van minh lam
diem tuong
ddngQ
1.
Dang Cong san Viet Nam, Van kien Dai hpi
thai ki
doi
moi,
NXB. CTQG. Ha
Noi,
2005, tr.
101.
2,
6, 8. Dang Cong san Viet Nam, Van kien Hpi
nghi lan thif chfn Ban Chap hanh Trung uong khoa
X, NXB. CTQG, H 2009, tr. 77-78, 36, 31.
3.
Chinh sach dan tpc cua Dang va Nha nudc ta:
http://baolangson.
vn/node/195.
4,

5.
7,
9, 10. Dang Cong san Viet Nam, Van kien
Dai hpi dai bieu loan quoc lan
thii
X, NXB CTQG,
H.2006, tr. 154, 173,42.
*
*t*
«1*
•!*
«1«
»!•
•!»
»^
»1»
*1*
*f*
•*• ^ ^
V
^
"r
't'
•**
HO
CHI
IVIINH
VE
CONG
CHlJC,

CONG VU
(Tie'p
theo trang
12).
De bao ddm eho
ddi
ngu CB,CC thue su
la "edng
bde"
ciia
dan, Chien luge cung ehi
ro:
"Tliuc
hien tdt quy chd' dan chu, md
rpng dan
ehii
true tid'p d co sd, bao ddm eho
dan tid'p xiic dd ddng vdi cac co quan cdng
quyen, cd dieu kidn kiem tra cdn bd, cdng
chirc,
nha't la nhung ngudi true tid'p lam
vide vdi
dan"!^.
Nhung quan diem chf dao
ciia
Dang da
duge Nha nudc trien khai thuc hidn ttr
vide
ban hanh cac van ban phdp luat de didu
chinli cde quan he ve cdng vu, edng ehirc

de'n vide td ehiic thuc hidn cac van ban dd
trong thue te. De xay dung ddi ngu CB,CC
ngay mdt ehinh quy hidn dai, Nha nude da
ban hdnh Phdp ldnh CB,CC nam 1998 (da
duge sira ddi, bd sung nam 2000, 2003) va
Ludt
CB.CC
nam 2008, eae nghj djnh,
thdng tu hudng ddn thue hidn Ludt, Phdp
lenh.
Cae van bdn dd da the hidn ndi dung
quan diem
ciia Chii
tjch Hd Chi Minh,
ciia
Dang ta dd'i vdi vide tuyen dung, bd nhidm,
ddo tao, gido due, v.v. nhdm xay dung ddi
ngu CB,CC ddp
ihig
yeu cdu qudn ly ddt
nudc,
xay dung nen hanh chinh trong sach,
hidn
daiQ
1.
H6 Chi Minh: Toan tap, NXB. Chfnh trj
qudc gia, Ha Noi,
2000,
t.5, tr. 248.
2,

3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. Sdd, T5, tr.
240-241,
269,
277,273,277,270,282.
4.
Sdd, t.4, tr. 57
5.
Sdd, t.4, tr. 57
II
13. Dang Cong san Viet Nam: Van kien
Dang'thai
ki
ddi
mdi, NXB. CTQG, H. 2005,
tr.378,
217-218.
12.
Dang Cong san Viet Nam: Van kien Dai
hoi dai bieu toan quoc
lan
thif IX, NXB CTQG,
H.
2001,
tr.
135.
TAP
CHI QUAN LY NHA NU6c - SO 172 (5-2010)
29