Ảnh hưởng của gốc ghép mướp và biện pháp phủ liếp đến sinh trưởng và năng suất mướp hương f1 cn428 tại huyện tam bình, tỉnh vĩnh long

ANH Hl/CJNG CUA GOC GHEP M I/6P VA BIEN PHAP PHU LIEP
DEN SINH TRl/CfNG VA NANG SUAT MUCJP HUONG FI CN428
TAIHUYEN TAM BINH, TINH VINH LONG
To Thi Thanh Tuyen1, Vo Thi Bich Thuy1, Ng6 Thanh Huy1,
Duong Nguyen Minh Tan1, Tang TrUdng Loi1, Tran Thi Ba1

TOM TAT
Nghien cdu dUOc tien hanh voti 2 thf nghiem tai huyen Tam Binh, tinh Vinh Long. Thi nghiem 1 - Anh hudng
cua cac giong mU6p dung lam goc ghep den sinh trUdng va nang suat giong mudp hUOng CN428. Thi nghiem
dUdc bo tri theo khoi hoan toan ngau nhien vdi 4 lan lap gom 4 nghiem thdc la giong mUdp dung lam goc ghep:
(1) Dai Loan 01, (2) Dai Loan 02, (3) Dia phUdng va (4) Khong ghep - Doi chilng. Ket qua cho thay nang suat
thildng pham cao nhat b goc ghep Dai Loan 01 (11,0 tan/ha) va thap nhat la doi chiing - khong ghep (4,85 tan/ha).
Thi nghiem 2 - Anh hudng cua so luqng goc ghep va bien phap phu liep den sinh trUdng va nang suat mUdp htfcmg
CN428. Thi nghiem duqc bo tri theo kieu 16 chinh - 16 phu v6i 4 lan lap lai; 16 chinh la so lUqng goc (1) ghep
1 goc, (2) ghep 2 goc ghep, (3) ghep 3 goc va (4) khong ghep - doi chtfng; 16 phu la bien phap phu hep (1) mangphu
1Khoa Nong nghiep, TrUdng Dai hoc Can Thcf
B


Tap chi Khoa hoc va Cong nghe Nong nghiep Viet Nam - So 05(126)/2021

nong nghiep va (2) phu rdm. Ket qua cho thay mdcfp hddng CN428 ghep 1 goc (ghep 1 goc chinh trong vddn ddm)
cho nang suat thddng pham (7,78 tan/ha) cao hdn khong ghep (2,71 tan/ha); phu liep bang mang phu (5,72 tan/ha)
cao hdn phu rdm (2,97 tan/ha). Trong mddp tai Tam Binh, Vinh Long co the sd dung 1 goc ghep Dai Loan 01 ket
hop vdi phu liep bang mang phu.
Tit khoa: Cay mddp, goc ghep, so lilpng goc ghep, bien phap phu liep
I. DAT VAN DE
Huyen Tam Binh, tinh Vinh Long co dien tich
san xuat ho bau bi (Cucurbitacecae) rat ldn, trong
do mddp CN428 dddc trong nhieu do nang suat cao,
de tieu thu. Nhiing nhflng nam gan day, dien tich

canh tac giong mddp CN428 giam dan do benh heo
ru. gay bdi nam Fusarium oxysporum nen bo re sinh
trddng kem khi gap mda ldn, dac biet trong tren nen
dat lua (de bi ung nddc), mat khac tap quan nong
dan khong sd dung mang phu nen thiet hai Ion
den nang suat va hieu qua kinh te. Theo Tran Thi
Ba va Vo Thi Bich Thuy (2016) thi trddng Dai hoc
Can Thd da co nghien ciiu rat nhieu ve cay rau khi
diia ca chua ghep, diia leo ghep, dtia hau ghep, kho
qua ghep... vao thdc te san xuat. Lpi dung goc ghep
(miidip) khoe manh hdn ngon ghep (mildp thddng
phlm ) nen cay ghep khong chi sinh trddng manh,
keo did thdi gian thu hoach ma con thich ting tot
vdi dieu kien moi tnldng bat lpi nhd ngap ung, kho
ham, nhiem mam hay phen (bien doi khi hau). Theo
Tran Van Toan va cong tac vien (2019), trong kho
qua TS247 ghep tren giong mtldp Dai Loan 01 vdi
so liipng 1 goc (ghep 1 goc chinh trong vtidn itOm)
va ghep 2 goc mtidp (1 goc chinh trong vxidn liOm va
ghep them 1 goc phu ngoai dong) cho nang suat cao
nhat cao hon khong ghep - doi chdng tii 22 - 24%. Vo
Thi Bich Thuy va cong tac vien (2020), trong kho qua
ghep goc miidp Dai Loan 01 ket hpp phu liep mang
phu cho nang suat thiiOng pham cao hon 22 - 26%
so vdi khong ghep goc. Sd dung mang phu nong
nghiep cho nang suat thiiong pham cao hon
30 - 50% so vdi phu rOm va khong phu tren dda leo,
cao hon 15 - 40% so vdi phu rom va 28 - 100% so
vdi khong phu tren dda hau (Tran Thi Ba, 2006).
Chinh vi vay, de tai nay dope thOc hien nham xac

va bien phap phu liep lam gia tang nang suat mddp
CK428 tai huyen Tam Binh, tinh VTnh Long.
IL VAT LIEU VA HUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU
2.1. Vi£ Heu nghien cdu

\3 t hen chinh. Hat giong goc ghep la giong
■ tfdp Dai Loan 01 (VG-17-001) va Dai Loan 02
ifWG-17-002) q nh trUOng rat khoe, chuyen lam goc
duo ezr rau ho bau bi do cong ty Know-you
n i pihnt pfaoi va giong dia phoong la mddp hdOng

qua ngan co nguon goc td Viet Nam, dope nong dan
trong va td de giong. Hat giong ngon ghep la Mddp
hdOng FI CN428 do cong ty Chanh Nong phan phoi
dang dope trong pho bien tai huyen Tam Binh, tinh
Vinh Long. Mang phu nong nghiep mat tren mau
xam bac va mat dddi mau den, kho rong 1,2 m.
2.2. Phddng phap nghien cdu
2.2.1. Bo trt thi nghiem
Thi nghiem vdi dien tich 16 la 40 m2 vdi 4 lan
lap lai.
- Thi nghiem 1. Anh hddng cua cac giong mddp
dung lam goc ghep den sinh trddng va nang suat
mddp hdOng CN428 (6 - 9/2020). Bo tri khoi hoan
toan ngau nhien vdi 4 nghiem thde la cac giong
mddp dung lam goc (1) Dai Loan 01, (2) Dai Loan
02, (3) dia phddng va (4) khong ghep - doi chdng.
- Thi nghiem 2. Anh hddng cua so ldpng goc
ghep m ddp va bien phap phu liep den sinh trddng va

nang suat mddp hddng CN428 (10/2020 - 1/2021).
Lo chinh la so lddng goc ghep (1) ghep 1 goc - trong
vddn ddm, (2) ghep 2 goc ghep - trong vddn ddm
va ngoai dong, (3) ghep 3 goc -1 goc trong vddn
ddm va 2 g6c ngdai dong va (4) khong ghep - doi
chdng; 16 phu la bien phap phu liep (1) mang phu
va (2) phu rdm.
2.2.2. PhUdngphdp ghep
- Chuan bi cay ghep: Gieo ngon ghep ddpc 15-16
ngay va goc ghep ddpc 1 3-14 ngay (gieo ngon ghep
trddc goc ghep 2 ngay) co the tien hanh ghep.
- Ky thuat ghep goc chinh trong vddn ddm: Sd
dung phddng phap ghep noi ong cao su theo Tran
Thi Ba va Vo Thi Bich Thuy (2016). Mddp lam goc
ghep khoang 15 ngay va ngon ghep 17 ngay tuoi tien
hanh ghep dddc trinh bay nhd hinh 1.
- Ghep them 1 - 2 goc phu ngoai dong: Sau khi
trong 1 0 - 1 5 ngay tien hanh ghep, chieu dai than
khoang 1,2 m thi tien hanh ghep ap cay goc phu
vao cay mddp da ghep goc chinh (Hinh 2), gd kep
khi vet ghep hoan toan lien lac khoang 2 tuan sau
khi ghep. Mddp sau khi ghep dddc 12 ngay trong ra
dong vdi mat do 10.000 cay/ha. Cay mddp ghep goc
phu ngoai dong dddc trong bo sung canh cay ghep,
each cay ghep 25 cm.


Tap ch! Khoa hoc va Cong nghe Ndng nghiep Viet Nam - So 05(126)/2021

Hinh 1. Cay miidp ghep 1 goc miidp chinh

Ghi chit: (a) Goc va ngon mtfdp chuan bighep, (b) Cat bo ngon cua goc ghep, (c) Cat bo goc cua ngon ghep va art niia
ong cao su vao vet cat, (d) An nita ong cao su cdn lai vao vet cat cua goc ghep, (e) Cay ghep hoan chinh.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(0

Hinh 2. Cay miicfp ghep them 1 -2 goc phu
Ghi chu: (a) Dot cua cay mUdp lam ngon ghep (trdi) va lam gdcphu (phai) chuan bi ghep; (b) Vat hinh chQ V dot
cua cay goc phu, (c) Cat doc dtidngkinh than cay mUdp da ghep goc chtnh, (d) Vi tri ghep goc phu, ngon cuacaydaghep
goc chinh (trdi) va ngon cua cay goc ghep phu sau khi cat (phai), (e) Dat ngongocphu vdo than cay (da ghep goc chtnh),
dungkep co dinh vet ghep, (f) Vet ghep goc phu hoan chinh.
Trong cay: Cay sau khi ghep difOc 12 ngay trong
ra dong vdi mat do 10.000 cay/ha. Cay miidfp ghep
goc phu ngoai dong diicfc trong bo sung canh cay
ghep, each cay ghep 25 cm.
2.2.3. Chi tieu theo doi vaphtidngphap xii ly so lieu
So lieu diiOc thu thap nhii sinh triidng, thanh
phan nang suat, nang suat. So lieu sau khi thu thap
diicrc xif ly thong ke bang phan mem SPSS 22.0.
2.3. Thhi gian va dia diem nghien ciiu
Nghien ciiu diioc thiic hien tii thang 6 nam 2020

den 01 nam 2021 tai xa Ngai Td, huyen Tam Binh,
tinh Vinh Long.
HI. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
3.1. A nh hiidng cua cac giong miidp dung lam g6c
ghep den sinh triiofng va nang suat miicfp hiiofng
CN428
3.1.1. Sinh triidng
Chieu dai than chinh va ty so difcfng kinh goc/
diidng kinh ngon cay miicfp hiiong CN428 6 cac

giong miicfp dung lam goc ghep tai thdi diem
87 ngay sau khi trong khac biet co y nghia qua phan
tich thong ke.
Chieu dai than chinh cua cay miicfp CN428
ghep tren goc Dai Loan 01 (271 cm), dai hefn so vdfi
khong ghep (235 cm). Ket qua nay diicfc tim thay
trong nghien ciiu cua Le Thanh Duy va cong tac vien
(2018) va Le Thi Bao Chau va cong tac vien (2019)
khi ghep diia le tren cay ho bau bi co chieu dai day
dai hefn so vdfi doi chilng - khong ghep.
Ty so diicfng kinh goc/diicfng kinh ngon cay
miicfp CN428 ghep tren goc miicfp Dai Loan 02
(1,28) va Dia phiicfng (1,30) lefn hefn goc ghep miicfp
Dai Loan 01 (1,11) va doi chiing khong ghep (1,00).
Theo Pham Van Con (2013), ty so nay bang 1,00 khi
do cay ghep sinh triidng, phat trien binh thiidng do
kha nang sinh triidfng cua ngon ghep va goc ghep
tiidng diicfng nhau. Shivani va cong tac vien (2015)
cho rang gida goc va ngon ghep chi khi co sii tiidng
thich tot se tao nen liu the ve kha nang chong chiu

benh cua goc ghep, dong thdi giup cay ghep cho
nang suat cao.


Tap chiKhoa hoc va Cong nghe Nong nghiep Viet Nam - So 05(126)72021

Bang 1. Chieu dai than chinh va ty so diidng kinh
goc/ngon miidp 6 cac giong miidp dung lam goc ghep
miidp CN428 tai thdi diem 87 ngay sau khi trong

(2020) trong kho qua ghep hay khong ghep goc
miidp deu khong lam thay doi khoi ltipng trung
binh qua kho qua.

Chieu dai
than chinh
(cm)

Ty s6 diidng
kinh goc/diidng
kinh ngon

Dai Loan 01

271a

l,llb

Dai Loan 02

256ab

l,28a

Dia phiidng

256ab

1.30

Doi chdng

1,()()''

Mite y nghia

235b
4-

So qua tren cay miidp CN428 is cac giong miidp
lam goc ghep khac biet co y nghia qua phan tich
thong ke (Bang 2). So qua tren cay miidp ghep giong
Dai Loan 01 (11,1 qua/cay) nhieu hon doi chdng
(7,44 qua/cay). Dieu nay co the khi ghep goc miidp
Dai Loan 01 phu hop vdi ngon mildp so qua nhieu
hdn so vdi khong ghep.

CV(%)

4,03

3,75

Goc ghep

Ghi chu: Trong ciing 1 cot, cac so co chit cai theo sau
giong nhau thi khdc biet khong y nghia qua phan tick
thongke; ** va *: khdc biet coy nghia l% va 5%.
3.1.2. Thanh phan nangsuatva nangsudt
Khoi hieing trung binh qua miidp d cac giong
mddp lam goc ghep va khong ghep khac biet khong
co y nghia qua phan tich thong ke (Bang 2). Dieu
nay cho thay viec trong miidp CN428 ghep hay
khong ghep deu khong anh hiidng den khoi liidng
tnm g binh qua. Ket qua nay cung diidc tim thay
trong nghien cdu cua Tran Van Toan va cong tac
vien (2019) va Vo Thi Bich Thuy va cong tac vien

Khoi ldpng qua tren cay cua miidp CN428 d cac
giong miidp lam goc ghep khac biet co y nghia qua
phan tich thong ke. Goc miidp Dai Loan 01 (2,25 kg/
cay) cao hon goc miidp dia phxiong (1,69 kg/cay) va
thap nhat la doi chdng (1,53 qua/cay.
Nang suat tong qua miidp d cac giong miidp lam
goc ghep khac biet co y nghia qua phan tich thong
ke (Bang 2). Goc mddp Dai loan 01 (11,0 tan/ha)
cao hon Dai loan 02 (9,25 tan/ha) va dia phdong
(5,92 tan/ha) thap nhat doi chdng (4,85 tan/ha). Ket
qua nay phu hop vdi so qua tren cay, khoi ldpng
qua tren cay mddp la goc ghep Dai Loan 01 nhieu

hon doi chdng vdi khoi ldpng trung binh qua miidp
tdOng diiong nhau gida ghep va khong ghep goc nen
nang suat tong qua miidp CN428 cao.

Bang 2. Thanh phan nang suat va nang suat miidp ghep miidp
Khoi liidng
qua (g/qua)

Opt qua•>
So
(qua/cay)

Khoi liidng
qua/cay
(kg/cay)

NS tong
(tan/ha)

NS thiidng
pham
(tan/ha)

Tyle (%)
NS thiidng
pham/tong

Dai Loan 01

232

11,l a

2,25a

11,0a

10,6a

95,9a

Dai Loan 02

227

8,78ab

l,96ab

9,00b

8,37b

92,7ab

Dia phiiong

215

8,20ab

l,69bc

5,92c

5,47c

92,lab

Khong ghep

212

7,44b

l,53c

4,85d

4,40d

Mdc y nghia

ns

90,8b
*

18,7

10,4

6,78

9,25

2,18

Gdcghep

CV(%)

20,3

Ghi chu: Trong cung 1 cot, cac so co chit theo sau giong nhau thi khdc biet khdngy nghia thong ke; ** va *: khdc biet
coy nghia 1%, 5%; ns: khdc biet khdngy nghia. NS: nangsuat.
TiiOng tp nang suat tong thi nang suat thiiong
pham qua mddp CN428 d cac giong mddp lam goc
ghep khac biet co y nghia qua phan tich thong ke
CBaog2). Goc ghep miidp Dai Loan 01, Dai Loan 02
Dia phiiong cho nang suat thiiong pham lan loot
va 5,47 tan/ha, tiiOng diiOng 141, 90 va
2 A cao bon khoog ghep (4,40 tan/ha). Ket qua nay
d m g 4 a x tim thay trong nghien cdu cua Tran Van

Toan va cong tac vien (2019) va Vo Thi Bich Thuy va
cong tac vien (2020) khi ghep goc miidp Dai Loan 01
deu cho nang suat kho qua ghep cao hdn 22 - 26%
so vdi khong ghep, va deu cao hdn cac giong mddp
khac dung lam goc ghep. Nhii vay goc miidp Dai

Loan 01 dddc ke thda nghien cdu tiep thi nghiem ve
so ldpng goc mddp va bien phap phu liep.


Tap chf Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe Nong nghiep Viet Nam - So 05(126)/2021
■»

3.2. Anh hfldng cua s6 lfldng goc ghep mfldp va
bien phap phu liep den sinh trfldng va nang suat
mtfdp hfldng CN428
3.2.1. Sinh trtidng
Chieu dai than chinh co sit tfldng tac gifla so
lflcfng g6c ghep mfldp va bien phap phu liep den
chieu dai than chinh mfldp CN428 (Bang 3). Ve so
Ifldng goc ghep, ghep 1 goc cho chieu dai (268 cm)
dai nhat, dai hdn doi chflng khong ghep (254 cm),
thap nhat ghep 3 goc - 1 goc trong vfldn lidm va
2 goc ngoai dong (153 cm). Ve bien phap phu liep
mang phu cho chieu dai than chinh (222 cm) dai
hem phu rdm (213 cm). Ket qua nay tUdng tfl vdi
nghien cflu cua Tran Thi Ba (2005) cho rang khi phu
hep bang mang phu thi chieu dai than chinh diia leo/
dfla hau deu dai hdn khong phu liep 1,23 lan.
Bang 3. Chieu dai than chinh va ty so dfldng kinh
goc ghep/ngon ghep cua cay mflcfp
Chieu
dai than
chinh
(cm)

Ty so dfldng
kinh goc
ghep/ngon
ghep

Ghep 1 goc

268a

1,06

Ghep 2 goc

193c

1,06

Ghep 3 goc

153d

Khong ghep

254b

1,11
1,00

222a

1,07

213b

1,18

Nhan to

Goc ghep
(A)

Mang phu
Bien phdp
phu liep (B) Khong phu
F(A)

ns

F(B)

ns

F (A*B)

ns

CV(%)

2,23

3.2.2. Thanh phan nangsudt
Bang 4 cho thay khong co tiidng tac gifla so
liidng goc ghep va bien phap phu liep ve thanh phan
nang suat.
Khoi lfldng trung binh qua miidp khac biet y
nghia qua phan tich thong ke ve s6 liidng goc ghep,
Ghep 1 goc trong vfldn fldm (290 g/qua) cao hdn
ghep 2 g6c, khong ghep - doi chflng (250 g/qua) va
thap nhat la ghep 3 goc (210 g/qua). Dieu nay dfldc
giai thich ghep 1 goc giup qua hap thu dinh diidng
tot hdn, qua ldn nhanh hdn, tuy nhien ghep 3 goc
b| anh hiidng bdi benh kham (tac nhan ngoai canh)
nen anh hiidng den khoi lfldng trung binh qua. Ve
bien phap phu liep thi khoi lfldng trung binh qua
mfldp co hay khong co phu liep bang mang phu
nong nghiep khac biet khong y nghia qua phan tich
thong ke.
So qua mfldp/cay khac biet co y nghia qua phan
tich thong ke ve so lfldng goc ghep va bien phap
phu hep. Ve so lfldng goc ghep mfldp thi ghep 1 goc
(105 qua/cay) cao hdn ghep 2 goc (90,6 qua/cay),
ghep 3 goc (74,4 qua/cay) va thap nhat la khong ghep
dung lam doi chflng (64,1 qua/cay). Dieu nay dfldc
giai thich tfldng tfl nhfl thi nghiem 1 ghep goc mfldp
gop phan gia tang so qua/cay so vdi khong ghep. Ve
bien phap phu liep, thi phu liep cho so qua (102 qua/
cay) cao hdn khong phu liep (98,9 qua/cay).
Bang 4. Thanh phan nang su£t mfldp CN428
d so lfldng goc ghep va bien phap phu liep

Nhan to

18,6

Ghi chu: Trong ciing 1 cot, cac so co chvt theo sau giong
nhau thi khac biet khongy nghia qua phan tich thong ke,
khac biet co y nghia 1%; ns: khac biet khongy nghia.
Ty so dfldng kinh goc/dfldng kinh ngon khong
co sii tiidng tac gida so liidng goc ghep miidp va
bien phap phu hep, dao dong tii 1,00 - 1,11 (Bang 3).
Theo Pham Van Con (2013) khi ty so nay bang 1 thi
cay ghep sinh triidng, phat trien binh thdcfng do the
sinh triidng cua ngon ghep va goc ghep tiidng diidng
nhau. Shivani va cpng tac vien (2015) cung cho rang
gifla goc va ngon ghep can co sii tiidng thich tdt de
giup cay ghep cho nang suat cao. Nhii vay, miidp
ghep co kha nang thich ilng tot, ket qua cua ca thi
nghiem deu co khuynh hiidng vdi ty so diidng kinh
goc/diidng kinh ngon.

Goc ghep
(A)

Khoi
lfldng
qua
(g/qua)

Khoi
S6 qua

lfldng
(qua/
qua/cay
cay)
(kg/cay)

Ghep 1 goc

290a

105a

2,27a

Ghep 2 goc

260b

74,4C

l,27c

Ghep 3 goc

210c

64, T

l,18c

Khong ghep

250b

90,6b

l,57b

260

102a

1,81*

250

98,9b

l,25b

4-*

*

Bien phdp Mang phu
phu liep
Khong phu
(B)
F (A)
F(B)

ns

**

**

F (A*B)

ns

ns

ns

CV(%)

7,32

9,43

14,9

Ghi chu: Trong cung 1 cot, cac so co chQ theo sau giong
nhau thi khac biet khong y nghia thong ke; ** va *: Idnk
biet coy nghia l%va 5%; ns: khde biet khongy ngfno.


Tap chfKhoa hoc va Cong nghe Nong nghiep Viet Nam - So 05(126)/2021

Tvicing td vdi so qua/cay thi khoi lddng qua
mddp/cay khac biet co y nghia qua phan ti'ch thong
ke ve so lddng goc ghep va bien phap phu liep. Ve so
lddng goc ghep, ghep 1 goc (2,27 kg/cay) cao hon
ghep 2 goc (1,27 kg/cay), doi chdng (1,57 kg/cay) va
thap nhat la ghep 3 goc (1,18 kg/cay). Ve bien phap
phu hep thi phu liep (1,81 kg/cay) cao hcfn khong
phu (1,25 kg/cay). Ket qua nay dddc giai thich tviong
tvi nhvl thi nghiem 1 goc ghep trong vddn liOm cho
khoi lddng qua mdbp tren cay cao hdn khong ghep
bien phap phu liep cung dddc giai thich nhvi so qua/
cay miidip.
3.2.3. Nang suat thiidng pham
Bang 5. Nang suat thiiong pham cua mdbp
b cac goc ghep mddp va bien phap phu liep
Bien phap phu
Goc ghep

.

Mang
phu

Khong Trung
phu
binh (B)

Ghep 1 goc

10, T

4,88b

7,78A

Ghep 2 goc

4,18bc

2,70cd

3,43®

Ghep 3 goc

2,70cd

l,60d

2,15c

Khong ghep

5,38b

2,71d

4,04®

Trung binh (A)

5,72A

2,97®

F (A)**; F (BN*; F (A*B)**; CV (%) =14,2
Ghi chu: Trong cung 1 cot, cac so co chit theo sau giong
nhau thi khac biet khongy nghia qua phan tich thong ke;
**: khdc biet co y nghia 1%.
Nang suat thiidng pham cua mddp CN428 co sd
tvidng tac giiia 2 nhan to so lvidng goc ghep va bien
phap phu liep (Bang 5). To hdp ghep 1 goc + mang
phu cho nang suat cao nhat (10,7 tan/ha), cao hdn
98% so vdi khong ghep + mang phu (5,38 tln/ha)
va thap nhat to hdp khong ghep + khong phu
(2,70 tan/ha) va ghep 2 goc + khong phu (2,71 tan/ha).
Dieu nay cho thay, ghep 1 goc mddp trong widn
ddm cho nang suat thiidng pham cao hdn ghep
2 goc va ghep 3 goc. Dieu nay la do canh tac dieu
kien td nhien ngoai dong ruong trong vung chuyen
canh dda bau bi mddp, ap ldc con trung chich hut
cao (bp tri va ray phan trang) nen hau het cay trong
thi nghiem deu bi benh kham. Chinh vi the, khi
gbep them 1 goc phu (cat bo dot cay ghep goc phu
ip vao cay ghep goc chinh da ghep trong vdbn ddm)
£ tao dieu kien thuan ldi cho sd gia tang benh kham
cho ghep 2 goc, va cay ghep 3 goc bi benh kham cang
o in g hdn nen cho nang suat thddng pham thap
nihil Tvidng td, bien phap phu hep cao hdn khong

phu tddng dddng 114% va ket qua nay phu hdp
vcfi nghien cdu cua Tran Thi Ba (2005), trong dda
hau co svi dung mang phu cho nang suat cao hdn
khong phu hep 2,02 - 2,34 lan tuy theo mua vu va
vung trong khac nhau. Nhd vay, to hdp ghep 1 goc
mddp (trong vddn ddm rat de thdc hien, kiem soat
tot benh kham) ket hdp vdi phu hep bang mang phu
gia tang nang suat mddp CN428.
IV. KET LUAN VA DE NGHI
M ddp CN428 ghep goc m ddp Dai Loan 01
(VG-17-001), ghep 1 goc trong vddn ddm ket hdp
phu mang phu cho nang suat thddng pham cao nhat
(10,6 tan/ha), cao hdn khong ghep 1,8 lan. Canh tac
mddp phu mang phu giup tang nang suat tang gap
1,14 lan. Trong mddp CN428 ghep goc Dai Loan 01
tai huyen Tam Binh, Vinh Long co the nghien cdu
them trong dieu kien moi trddng dat bat ldi nhd
benh do nam Fusarium oxysporum va ngap ung de
khai thac het tiem nang cua goc ghep chuyen.
tAil ie u t h a m k h a o

Tran Thi Ba, 2005. Anh hudng cua mang phu den tieu
moi triidng, bu lach (Thrips palmi Karny), ray mem
(Aphis gossypii Glover) syt sinh trUdng va phdm chat
cua dvia leo, dua hau d Dong Bang Song Ciiu Long.
Luan an tien si chuyen nganh Trong trot, Dai hoc
Can Thd.
Tran Thi Ba va Vo Thi Bich Thuy, 2016. Nang cao hieu
qua san xudt rau dong bang song Ciiu Long bang ky
thuat ghep goc. Nha xuat ban Dai hoc Can Hid.

Le Thi Bao Chau, Nguyen Thi Bich Nhung v i Tran Thi
Ba, 2019. Kha nang sinh trddng, nang suat va chit
lddng dda le Kim Co Nddng ghep tren cac goc ghep
ho bau bi dda. Tap chi Nong nghiep vd Phat trien
nongthon, so 16/2019:13-19.
Pham Van Con, 2013. Ky thuat ghep cay rau hoa qua.
NXB Nong nghiep Ha Noi.
Le Thanh Duy, 2018. Anh hudng cua do tuoi ngon dua le
Kim Co NUdng (Cucumis melon L.) vd goc ghep bdu
bi diia den nang suat vd chat liidng trdi. Luan van
cao hoc nganh Khoa hoc cay trong. Trddng Dai hoc
Can Thd.
Vo Thi Bich Thuy, Huynh Thi Anh Thd, Chau Thi
Huynh Nhd, Nguyin Cao Viet Thang, Pham
Trong Thdc, Vo Trddng Vu va Tran Thi Ba, 2020.
Anh hddng cua goc ghep mddp va mat do trong den
sinh trddng va nang suat cua mddp tai Vinh Long.
Tap chi Khoa hoc Cong nghe Ndng nghiep Viet Nam,
116(7): 87-954.
Tran Van Toan, Vo Thi Bich Thuy, Nguyen Thi Cam
Hang, Nguyen Phu Quy, Lam Hoang Nhd, Le Thi


Tap chi Khoa hoc va Cong nghe Nong nghiep Viet Nam - So 05(126)/2021

My Quyen, Le Minh Hai, Pham Minh Hung, Tran
Vu Can va Tran Thi Ba, 2019. Anh hiidng cua goc
ghep mifdp den sft sinh trUcfng va nang suat cua
mUdp TS 247 tai huyen Chau Thanh, tinh Soc Trang.
Tap chi Khoa hoc Cong nghe Nong nghiep Viet Nam,

104(7): 25-30.

Shivani, R., K. Perdeep, S. Parveen, S. Amar and
S.K. Upadhyay, 2015. Evaluation of different
rootstocks for bacterial wilt tolerance in bell pepper
[Capsicum annuum (L.) var. grossum (Sendt.)]
under protectedconditions. Himachal Journal of
Agricultural Research, 41(1): 100-103.

Effect of luffa rootstock and mulching on growth and fruit yield
of long luffa CN428 in Tam Binh district, Vinh Long province
To Thi Thanh Tuyen, Vo Thi Bich Thuy, Ngo Thanh Huy,
Duong Nguyen Minh Tan, Tang Truong Loi, Tran Thi Ba
Abstract
The study was carried out with 2 experiments in Tam Binh district, Vinh Long province. Experiment 1 - Effect
of luffa varieties used as rootstocks on growth and fruit yield of long luffa CN428. The experiment was arranged
in completely randomized block design with 4 replications and 4 treatments, including: (1) Taiwan variety 01,
(2) Taiwan variety 02, (3) local long fruit and (4) and control (non grafted). Results showed that the highest yield
(11,0 tons/ha) was recorded at Taiwan variety 01 and the lowest yield at the control variety (non-grafting variety
4,85 tons/ha). Experiment 2 - Effect of number of rootstocks and mulching on growth and fruit yield of grafted
long luffa CN428. The experiment was arranged in two factorial split-plots with 4 replications; main plot included
the number of rootstocks: (1) single root grafting, (2) double root grafting, (3) triple root grafting and (4) control
(non grafting); Sub-plot was mulching types including silvery-gray plastics and rice straw. The results showed that
the marketable yield (7.78 tons/ha) of the single root grafting long luffa CN428 (grafted with 1 main root in the
nursery) was higher than non-grafting (2.71 tons/ha); the yield of long luffa variety CN428 when mulching by
plastics (5.72 tons/ha) was higher than that of mulching by straw (2.97 tons/ha). It is suggested that planting long
luffa variety CN428 in Tam Binh district, Vinh Long province should use Taiwan luffa rootstock 01 combined with
mulching by plastics.
Keywords: Luffa, rootstock, number of rootstocks, mulching types
Ngay nhan bai: 31/3/2021

Ngay phan bien: 18/5/2021

Ngtibi phan bien: GS.TS. Tran Khac Thi
Ngay duyet dang: 04/6/2021