Cn Bộ Ging Dy: TS. V LÊ PH
Bộ Môn Qun L Môi Trưng – Khoa Môi Trưng
TRƯNG ĐI HC BCH KHOA Tp.HCM
BIN ĐI KH
HU V PHT
TRIN BN
VNG
Week 9 (9 April 2012)
CLIMATE
L do
“Tp.HCM l 1 trong mưi thnh ph
trên th gii d b nh hưng nht
do bin đi kh hu”
“Vo năm 2050, 61% - 71% din tch thnh ph
thưng xuyên b ngp do triu cưng”
-
t
Hn hn L lt Bo
1m dưi mc
nưc bin
5m dưi mc
nưc bin
Nông nghip
Malawi
Bangladesh
Philippines
All low-lying Island
States
All low-lying Island
States
Sudan
Ethiopia China Bangladesh Vit Nam H Lan Senegal
Zimbabwe India
Madagascar
Egypt Japan Zimbabwe
India Cambodia Vit Nam Tunisia Bangladesh Mali
Mozambique
Mozambique
Moldova Indonesia Philippines Zambia
Niger Laos Mongolia Mauritania Egypt Morocco
Mauritania Pakistan Haiti China Brazil Niger
Eritrea Sri Lanka Samoa Mexico Venezuela India
Sudan Thailand Tonga Myanmar Senegal Malawi
Chad Vit Nam China Bangladesh Fiji Algeria
Kenya Benin Honduras Senegal Vit Nam Ethiopia
Iran Rwanda Fiji Libya Denmark Pakistan
nh
p p cao
Source: World Bank staff.
Thiên Tai: Nỗi Kinh Hoàng Thưng Gp
BIN ĐI KH HU & QUY HOCH ĐÔ TH
ĐC ĐIM ĐA L
CC ĐÔ TH VNG ĐI B ĐNA
Tp.HCM
Bangkok
Manila
& n ch
sông
i n
ng Nai
2.095 km
2
60% ng
p, ôcao
TB <1,5m
c sông
Chao Phraya
River Basin
159,000
km
2
cao TB: 1-
2 m
c sông
Pasig River
690 km
2
D o dân sô
o 2050
~ 20.8 u
~ 16 u
~ 19 u
T C ĐNG CA BIN ĐI KH HU
Climate Risks and Vulnerability in 2050
Tp HCM
Bangkok
Manila
Nhit độ & lưng
mưa
t ô: 1,4
0
C
: 20 -30%
t ô: 1,2
0
C –
1,9
0
C
: 2-3%
: 2,6 - 4%
Din tch vng b
ngp lt
61% (nh
ng)
71% (1-in-30
year)
30% (1-in-30
year)
42% (1-in-100
year)
Dân số b nh
hưng
62% dân sô
47% (KB p)
75% (KB cao)
2.5 u i
Mc độ b tn
thương/thit hi
61% t thi
67% t CN
70%
70%
Mc thit hi (a 1-
in-30 year flood)
$ 6.5 - $50 ty USD
$ 4,6 tyUSD (2%
of GDP)
$ 1,5 ty USD (6%
of GDP)
9
Cc Khu Vc Ngp Lt Vào Năm 2050
Qu Trnh Đô Th Ha
1700-1950
0.5 M. Inhab.
1950-1975
2 M. Inhab.
1975-2005
8 M. Inhab.
2020
12 M. Inhab.
Cc khu đô th mi đang đưc qui hoch ti cc vng thp
11
Tc đng ca BĐKH đn Thành Ph H Ch Minh
Tc đng chnh:
Hn hn, ngp lt, thiu
nưc ngt v xâm nhp
mn
Upstream flood
Upstream flood
Upstream flood
Tidal effect and sea level rise
Nhit Đ và S Gia Tăng Mc Nưc Bin
Nhiệt độ tối đa mùa mưa ở TP Hồ Chí Minh
33.0
33.5
34.0
34.5
35.0
35.5
36.0
36.5
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Năm
Nh. độ (oC)
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
Năng lượng tiêu thụ (GWh)
Rainfall increasing in
HCM City is strongly
correlated to
Temperature and could
be explained by theory
of Heat Island Effect.
Measures from
satellite TOPEX for
period 1982 - 2006
maximal sea level had
raised about 20cm.
Max Temperature and consumed energy in HCM city
Max Temperature oC
Consumed energy GWh
Cc Tc Đng ca BĐKH Đ Đưc Nhn Dng
Rainfall
concentrates in short
time whenever annual
precipitation has
tendency to decrease
Daily maximal
rainfall in Tan Son Hoa
station raises in recent
years.
Maximal tidal level
in Vung Tau gauging
station
Lưng mưa (Rain Event)
Yearly max volume of 180-min rainfall events
Tan Son Nhat station
y = 0.7993x - 1497.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
1952 1962 1972 1982 1992 2002
Year
mm
Số trận mưa có cưng độ mưa lớn hơn 100mm
Thi kỳ 1952-1961 1962-1971 1972-1981 1982-1991 1992-2002
S trn mưa 0 1 2 2 4
Vũ lưng mưa trn max hàng năm
trm Tân Sơn Hòa
S gia tăng ca các trn mưa c cưng độ
mưa ln
1982-1986
1987-1991
1992-1996
1997-2001
2002-2006
50mm 18 30 32 36 33
80mm 3 6 6 9 9
100mm 1 1 2 5 4
Đnh giá xu th tăng ca cưng độ mưa trn ln nht hàng năm ti trm Tân
Sơn Hòa (1952-2008)
Rmax (mm) n Mann-Kendall Z Signific. Sen's Q Sen's B COV Đnh giá
Tân Sơn
Nhất 57 3.88 *** 0.739 62.17 0.31 Tăng mạnh
16
Region Plan includes
HCMC and 7 other provinces
Increase the urbanization
(population & urban area)
and economic development.
Focus on spatial
development by extending
the occupation of urban area
and building of new towns
and cities
Develop industrial parks,
infrastructure, public works,
Qui Hoch Vng
The spatial structure (MOC 2008)
17
Qui Hoch Tng Th
The Plan is a spatial development
and focus on the physical aspect with 4
directions
The Plan is defined to double the
urban area and serve for 10million
people by:
4 poles of urban area, especially
Hiep Phuoc (new harbor town
with 500.000p) is in lowland areas
Development of new residential
and a industrial areas
Upgrading and development of
technical infrastructure
The planning of elevation code is
not integrated with the prediction of
sea level rise
Ho Chi Minh City At Risk (Some Potential Risks )
18
The risk of flooding will affect the living of communities
Cultures and habit of living along the river might be demolished
Public health is one of the most concerned problems in those flooded
areas
The prediction of areas affected by SLR -
(Van Anh 2010)
Thành Ph Rotterdam – Hà Lan
9 april 2012 Titel van de presentatie
Roerdam: TP đưc chun b
ng ph vi bin đi kh hu
đang pht trin ra hưng bin!
9 april 2012 Titel van de presentatie
Rotterdam năm 2009
Rotterdam năm 1850
ng rãnh
o
Hà Lan
9 april 2012 Titel van de presentatie
1. Rotterdam in Europe
Rijn
Rotterdam
Bin Bc
Rotterdam: khu vc d b tc đng/tổn thương
9 april 2012 Titel van de presentatie
1. Rotterdam in Europe
Rijn
Rotterdam
Bin Bc
Nu chng ta không lm gì
9 april 2012 Titel van de presentatie
Mc nưc bin tăng kt hp nưc t sông đ ra
y ban Châu thổ:
• 2100: 0.65 - 1.3 m
• 2200: 2- 4 m
9 april 2012 Titel van de presentatie
Nưc mưa, Nưc ngm, Nưc thi