CẤU TRÚC CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG VỚI CÁC THÌ

Tenses (Thì)
1. Hiện tại đơn
2. Hiện tại tiếp
diễn
3. Quá khứ đơn
4. Quá khứ tiếp
diễn
5. Hiện tại hoàn
thành
6. Hiện tại hoàn
thành tiếp diễn
7. Quá khứ hoàn
thành
8. Quá khứ hoàn
thành tiếp diễn
9. Tương lai đơn

CẤU TRÚC CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG VỚI CÁC THÌ
Active (Chủ động)
Passive (Bị động)
S + V(s/es) + O
S + is/am/are + PP (+ by + O)
E.g: I do my homework every =>
evening.
S + is/am/are + V-ing + O
S + is/am/are + being + PP (+ by + O)
E.g. He is reading books now.
=>
S + V-ed/cột 2 + O
S + was/were + PP (+ by + O)
E.g. She wrote a letter yesterday.

=>
S + was/were + V-ing + O
S + was/were +being + PP (+ by + O)
E.g. They were doing the housework =>
at 9 am yesterday.
S + have/ has + PP + O
S + have/ has + been + PP (+ by + O)
E.g: My parents have given me a new =>
computer.
S + have/has + been + V-ing + O
S + have/has + been + being + PP (+ by + O)
E.g: Tim has been repairing the roof =>
for 2 hours.
S + had + PP + O
S + had + been + PP (+ by + O)
E.g: He had finished his homework =>
before 9 p.m yesterday.
S + had + been + V-ing + O
S + had + been + being + PP (+ by + O)
E.g: I had been typing the letter for 3 =>
hours before you came yesterday.

S + will + V (nguyên thể) + O
S + will + be + PP (+ by + O)
E.g: She will meet him tomorrow.
=>
10. Tương lai tiếp S + will + be + V-ing + O
S + will + be + being + PP (+ by + O)
diễn
E.g: She will be taking care of her =>

children at this time tomorrow.
I. Change the sentences into the passive voice.
1. People speak Vietnamese in Vietnam.
………………………………………………………………………….
2. The government is planning a new road near my house.
………………………………………………………………………….
3. My grandfather built this house in 1990.
………………………………………………………………………….
4. Picasso was painting Guernica at that time.
………………………………………………………………………….
5. The cleaner has cleaned the office.
………………………………………………………………………….
6. He had written three books before 1867.
………………………………………………………………………….
7. John will tell you later.
………………………………………………………………………….
8. Somebody did the work.
………………………………………………………………………….
II. Reorder the words to make a complete sentence.
1. in Thailand/ made/ cars/ are/?
………………………………………………………………………….
2. to hospital/ been/ taken/ has/ she/?


………………………………………………………………………….
3. fried/ the potatoes/ be/ can/ in ten minutes/?
………………………………………………………………………….
4. for the exam/ be/ prepared/ the students/ will/?
………………………………………………………………………….
5. tea/ when/ be/ served/ will/?

………………………………………………………………………….
6. today/ being/ is/ lunch/ provided?
………………………………………………………………………….
7. given/ last week/ laptops/ were/ to them/?
………………………………………………………………………….
8. the videos/ may/ be/ broadcasted/?
………………………………………………………………………….
III. Change the sentences into the passive voice by filling in the missing words.
1. People eat 40 million hamburgers every day.
🡪 40 million hamburgers ……………………………. every day.
2. People speak English all over the world
🡪 English ……………………………. all over the world.
3. Where did they invent gun powder?
🡪 Where …………………. gun powder ……………………….?
4. The police didn’t find the missing girl last weekend.
🡪 The missing girl ……………………………. last weekend.
5. Tourists don’t visit this museum very often.
🡪 This museum ……………………………. very often.
6. Workers are building a new fun park in town.
🡪 A new fun park ……………………………. in town.
7. When did they translate this book into English?
🡪 When ……………………. this book ………………………. into English?
8. Women send thousands of emails to the star every month.
🡪 Thousands of emails ……………………………. to the star every month.
9. Daisy brought me some fresh grapes.
🡪 I ……………………………. some fresh grapes by Daisy.
10. Some dangerous looking men were following me the whole evening.
🡪 I ……………………………. the whole evening by some dangerous looking men.
THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn)
1. Cấu trúc (Form)

Affirmative
Negative
Interrogative
S + was/ were + not + V-ing
S + was/ were + V-ing (+O)
Was/ Were + S +V-ing (+O)?
(+O)
My brother was reading books My brother wasn't reading books Was your brother reading books
at this time last night.
at this time last night.
at this time last night?
2. Cách dùng (Use)
- Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm cụ thể trong quá khứ (actions in progress at a
point of time in the past)
E.g: At 9 o'clock yesterday, I was doing the homework.
- Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại một khoảng thời gian trong quá khứ (actions in progress over
a period of time)
E.g: My husband was working hard all day.
*) Note: Các cụm từ chỉ thời gian như: all day, all the morning, ... thường được dùng trong trường hợp này
- Diễn tả tình huống/ sự việc tạm thời hoặc đang diễn ra trong quá khứ (temporary or changing
situations in the past)
E.g: At the time, I was working for a bank in this city. (a temporary situation)


I was becoming bored with the job, so I decided to change. (a changing situation)
- Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra thì một hành động khác xen vào trong quá khứ (an action was in
progress when another action happened/ interrupted it)
E.g: We were having dinner when someone knocked at/on the door.
- Diễn tả hai hay nhiều hành động cùng đồng thời xảy ra trong quá khứ (two or more actions in
progress at the same time in the past)

E.g: While I was cooking dinner, my husband was playing computer games.
*) Note: Chúng ta khơng thường dùng thì q khứ tiếp diễn đối với các động từ chỉ tình trạng, sở hữu,
cảm xúc, tri giác như: be, cost, belong, own, have, feel, hear, hate, like, etc
3. Các cụm từ chỉ thời gian (Time phrases)
Các cụm từ chỉ thời gian thường sử dụng trong thì này như: while, as, when, meanwhile, at that time,
all the morning/ afternoon/ day, etc
IV. Put the verbs into the correct form (the past continuous tense).
1. When I phoned my friends, they (play) ________________ computer games.
2. Yesterday at six my sister (prepare) ________________ dinner.
3. The children (play) ________________ in the garden when it began to rain.
4. I (practice) ________________ the guitar when she came home.
5. They (not / cycle) ________________ all day.
6. While Tom (work) ________________ in his room, his friends (swim) ________________ in the pool.
7. I tried to tell my mother the truth but she (not/ listen) ________________
8. What (you / do) yesterday________________?
V. Complete the sentences using the Present Simple or the Present Continuous.
1. I (leave) __________________________ home at 7 o'clock every morning.
2. She (work) ____________________ in the Sales Department in London, but at the moment she (do)
___________________________ a training course in Bristol.
3. Linda (clean) __________________________ her house every weekend.
4. He (try) ________________________very hard in every game that he (play) ________________________.
5. Excuse me. I think that you (sit) _________________________ in my seat.
6. (you, listen) _____________________________ to the radio very often?
7. Don't talk to me now. I (write) ______________________________ an important letter.
8. Why (they, drive) _____________________________ on the left in Britain?
9. It usually (rain) ____________________ here a lot, but it (not rain) ___________________________ now.
10. What are you doing? - I (bake) ______________________________ a cake at the moment.
Cách dùng:
Will

Be going to

a) Diễn tả quyết định tức thời đưa ra
ngay tại thời điểm nói về sự việc trong
tương lai
A: Sarah, we haven't got any bread left.
B: Alright mom, I will buy some bread.

a) Diễn tả dự định, quyết định có sẵn trước thời điểm
nói về sự việc trong tương lai
A: Hi! Sarah. Are you going shopping?
B: Yes, Ann. I am going to buy some bread.

b) Dự đoán về tương lai dựa trên quan
điểm cá nhân của người nói
I think it will rain tomorrow.
c) Diễn đạt yêu cầu ai đó làm gì
(Request)
Will you help me move this table?
d) Diễn đạt lời đề nghị được giúp ai đó
(Offers)
The bags look heavy. I will carry them

b) Dự đoán về tương lai dựa trên cơ sở, dấu hiệu thực
tế ở thời điểm hiện tại
Look at the black clouds! It's going to rain.
Chú ý: đối với các động từ chỉ sự chuyển động, ta không
dùng cấu trúc GOING TO+V mà dùng luôn dạng V-ing
của động từ để diễn đạt tương lai thường.
Eg: Khơng nói I'm going to go to the zoo this afternoon.

→ I'm going to the zoo this afternoon.


for you.
e) Diễn đạt lời hứa (Promise)
I promise I will not tell anyone.
f) Diễn đạt lời mời (Invitation)
Will you have some cake?
g) Diễn đạt sự từ chối hay thái độ
không sẵn lòng (Refusal)
The computer won't start although I've
done everything I can.
h) Diễn đạt sự đe doạ (Threat)
Don't tell this to anyone or I'll never see
you.
VI. Choose the correct form of verbs (will or be going to) to fill in the blanks.
1. A: Why are you holding a piece of paper?
    B: I (write) ............................ a letter to my friends back home in Texas.
 A. am going to write
 B. will write
2. A: I'm about to fall asleep. I need to wake up!
    B: I (get) .............. you a cup of coffee. That will wake you up.
 A. am going to get
 will get
3. A: I can't hear the television!
    B: I (turn) .............. it up so you can hear it.
 A. are going to turn
 B. will turn
4. We are so excited about our trip next month to France. We (visit) .............. Paris, Nice and Grenoble.
 A. are going to visit

 B. will visit
5. Ted: It is so hot in here!
    Sarah: I (turn) .............. the air-conditioner on.
 A. are going to turn
 B. will turn
6. I think he (be) .............. the next President of the United States.
 A. going to be
 B. will be
7. After I graduate, I (attend) .............. medical school and become a doctor. I have wanted to be
    a doctor all my life.
 A. am going to attend
 B. will attend
VII. Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct tense.
1. The train (arrive) ……………………………. at 12:30.
2. We (have) ……………………………. dinner at a seaside restaurant on Sunday.
3. It (snow) ……………………………. in Brighton tomorrow evening.
4. On Friday at 8 o’clock I (meet) ……………………………. my friend.
5. John (fly) ……………………………. to London on Monday morning.
6. Wait! I (drive) ……………………………. you to the station.
7. The English lesson (start) ……………………………. at 8:45.
8. Are you still writing your essay? If you (finish) ……………………………. by 4 pm, we can go for a walk.
9. You’re carrying too much. I (open) ……………………………. the door for you.
10. Look at the clouds – it (rain) ……………………………. in a few minutes.