Nghiên cứu xác định mức protein thích hợp trên cơ sở cân bằng một số axit amin trong thức ăn cho lợn ngoại nuôi thịt

1
0ӢĈҪ8
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1ѭӟFWDFKăQQX{LOӧQOjPӝWQJKӅTXDQWUӑQJFXQJFҩSQJXӗQWKӵFSKҭPFy
JLiWUӏGLQKGѭӥQJFDRSKөFYөÿӡLVӕQJFRQQJѭӡL+LӋQQD\ÿӇÿiSӭQJQKXFҫX
WKӏWOӧQFKRWLrXGQJWURQJYjQJRjLQѭӟFErQFҥQKYLӋFSKiWWULӇQFKăQQX{LFiF
JLӕQJOӧQÿӏDSKѭѫQJOӧQODL(JLӳDÿӵFQJRҥLYӟLFiLQӝL) WKu[XKѭӟQJQX{LFiF
JLӕQJOӧQQJRҥLÿһFELӋWOӧQODLFy-5 máu QJRҥL ÿDQJÿѭӧFFiFWUDQJWUҥLFKăn
nuôi TX\P{YӯDYjOӟQTXDQWkPYjSKiWWULӇQ/ӧQQJRҥLFyÿһFWtQKVLQKWUѭӣQJ
QKDQKYjFKRWӹOӋWKӏWQҥFFDRSKKӧSYӟLSKѭѫQJWKӭFQX{LWKkPFDQK. ĈӗQJ
WKӡLYӟLJLҧLSKiSYӅJLӕQJ thì WKӭFăQGLQKGѭӥQJFNJQJÿmYjÿDQJÿѭӧFWtFKFӵF
QJKLrQFӭXiSGөQJÿһFELӋWOjFiFQJKLrQFӭXYӅQKXFҫXSURWHLQYjD[LWDPLQ
thích KӧSFKR OӧQQKҵPJLҧPFKLSKtÿҫXYjRmà YүQÿҧPEҧRWăQJWUѭӣQJYjFKҩW
OѭӧQJWKӏW
4XDQÿLӇPGLQKGѭӥQJKLӋQÿҥLFKRUҵQJQKXFҫXYӅSURWHLQFӫDOӧQFKtQKOj
QKXFҫXYӅFiF D[LWDPLQ1ӃXFXQJFҩSNK{QJÿӫFiFD[LWDPLQ WKLӃW \ӃXWURQJ
NKҭXSKҫQăQFKROӧQVӁGүQÿӃQVLQKWUѭӣQJJLҧPҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQNKҧQăQJVҧQ
[XҩWYjKLӋXTXҧNLQKWӃ1ӃXNKҭXSKҫQăQFKROӧQÿѭӧFFXQJFҩSÿӫKRһFWKӯD
OѭӧQJSURWHLQQKѭQJNK{QJFkQÿӕLYӅWӹOӋFiFD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXVӁOjPWăQJYLӋF
ÿjRWKҧLQLWѫTXDSKkQYjQѭӟFWLӇXJk\{QKLӉPP{LWUѭӡQJ+LӋQQD\FiFFKҩWWKҧL
FKăQ QX{L Oj PӝW WURQJ QKӳQJ PӕL ÿH GӑD ÿӕL YӟL VӭF NKӓH FRQ QJѭӡL Yj FӝQJ
ÿӗQJ&iFFKҩWWKҧLNK{QJÿѭӧF[ӱOêVӁJk\{QKLӉPNK{QJNKtNKtÿӝFQKѭ1+
3
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2
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2
6ÿӗQJWKӡLcòn Jk\{QKLӉPQJXӗQQѭӟFYjÿҩW 'RYұ\JLҧPPӭF
SURWHLQWURQJWKӭFăQFQJYӟLYLӋFEәVXQJWKrPFiFD[LWDPLQWәQJKӧSÿDQJOj
PӝWWURQJQKӳQJJLҧLSKiSWӕW YӯDJLҧLTX\ӃWYҩQÿӅQKXFҫXGLQKGѭӥQJD[LWDPLQ
FKROӧQYӯDJLҧLTX\ӃWYҩQÿӅ{QKLӉPP{LWUѭӡQJWӯFKҩWWKҧLFKăQQX{L
KKL WtQK WRiQ QKX FҫX SURWHLQ WURQJ NKҭX SKҫQ ăQ FKR OӧQ WK{QJ WKѭӡQJ
QJѭӡLWDFKӍGӵDWUrQQKӳQJNӃWTXҧQJKLrQFӭXYӅQKXFҫXSURWHLQKRһFiSGөQJ
WLrXFKXҭQÿmF{QJEӕYӅQKXFҫXFӫDPӝWVӕORҥLD[LWDPLQFKӫ\ӃXQKѭO\VLQH
PHWKLRQLQHPjFKѭDFyÿҫ\ÿӫFiFFѫVӣÿӇWtQKWRiQQKXFҫXFӫDFiFORҥLD[LW

2
DPLQWKLӃW \ӃXNKiFĈӇÿiSӭQJQKXFҫXD[LWDPLQFKROӧQ, KҫXKӃWQJѭӡLFKăQ
QX{LYjFiFKmQJVҧQ[XҩWWKӭFăQÿӅXiSGөQJ FiFF{QJWKӭFSKӕLKӧSFyWӹOӋ
SURWHLQFDRPjFKѭDWtQKKӃWÿӃQVӵOmQJSKtGRWKӯDD[LWDPLQWURQJNKҭXSKҫQWӯ
ÿyGүQÿӃQ{QKLӉPP{LWUѭӡQJGROѭӧQJQLWѫYjOѭXKXǤQKWURQJFKҩWWKҧLFKăQ
QX{LJk\UD0һWNKiFWUrQWKӵFWӃÿѫQJLi FӫDFiFORҥLWKӭFăQJLjXSURWHLQFy
QJXӗQJӕFÿӝQJWKӵFYұWQKѭNK{ÿұXWѭѫQJEӝWFiWKѭӡQJ caROjPWăQJFKLSKt
ÿҫXYjRWURQJFKăQQX{LOӧQ'RÿyFҫQWKLӃWSKҧL[iFÿӏQKQKXFҫXYӅFiFD[LW
DPLQWKLӃW\ӃXFKROӧQQKҵPJLҧPPӝWFiFKKӧSOêOѭӧQJSURWHLQWURQJWKӭFăQ
QkQJFDRKLӋXTXҧVӱGөQJWKӭFăQYjKLӋXTXҧNLQKWӃFӫDFKăQQX{LOӧQ9ӟLVӵ
WLӃQEӝFӫDNKRDKӑFNӻWKXұWKLӋQQD\PӝWVӕD[LWDPLQÿmFyWKӇÿѭӧFVҧQ[XҩW
EҵQJSKѭѫQJSKiSF{QJQJKLӋSYӟLJLiWKjQKKҥ&iFWUDQJWUҥLFKăQQX{L ÿmcó
ÿLӅXNLӋQÿӇӭQJGөQJEәVXQJFiFD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXQKҵPFXQJFҩSÿӫQKXFҫX
axit amin trRQJNKҭXSKҫQăQWӯÿyWLӃWNLӋPÿѭӧFWKӭFăQ giàu SURWHLQJLҧPWKLӇX
{QKLӉPP{LWUѭӡQJPjYүQÿҧPEҧRVLQKWUѭӣQJWӕWFKROӧQ;XҩWSKiWWӯQKӳQJ
OêGRWUrQQJKLrQFӭXVLQKWLӃQKjQKWKӵFKLӋQÿӅWjL³1JKLrQFͱX[iFÿ͓QKPͱF
SURWHLQWKtFKKͫSWUrQF˯ VͧFkQE̹QJP͡WV͙D[LWDPLQ WURQJWKͱFăQFKROͫQQJR̩L
QX{LWK͓W´
0өFWLrXFӫDÿӅWjL
- ;iFÿӏQKÿѭӧFNKҭXSKҫQăQFyWӹOӋSURWHLQKӧSOêWUrQFѫVӣFkQÿӕLPӝW

VӕD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXOjO\VLQHPHWKLRQLQHYjWKUHRQLQHQKҵPQkQJFDRNKҧQăQJ
sinh tUѭӣQJKLӋXTXҧVӱGөQJWKӭFăQYjJLҧPWKLӇXOѭӧQJQLWѫOѭXKXǤQKWKҧLUD
TXDSKkQQѭӟFWLӇXFKROӧQODLJLӕQJQJRҥLQX{LWKӏW.
- ;k\GӵQJÿѭӧFPӝWVӕ F{QJWKӭFWKӭFăQWUrQQӅQQJX\rQOLӋXÿӏDSKѭѫQJ
FyWӹOӋSURWHLQYjD[LWDPLQWKtFKKӧSÿҧPEҧRKLӋXTXҧFKăQQX{LOӧQ lai nuôi WKӏW
JLӕQJQJRҥLYjJLҧPWKLӇX{QKLӉPP{LWUѭӡQJ
éQJKƭDFӫDÿӅWjL
éQJKƭDWK͹FWL͍Qÿ͉WjL
ĈӅWjLÿѭDUDF{QJWKӭFWKӭFăQFyWӹOӋSURWHLQWKtFKKӧSÿѭӧFFkQÿӕLPӝW
VӕD[LWDPLQWәQJKӧSO\VLQHPHWKLRQLQHYjWKUHRQLQHFKROӧQWKӏWJLӕQJQJRҥL

3
&iFF{QJWKӭFWKӭFăQÿҧPEҧROӧQVLQKWUѭӣQJWӕWNK{QJQKӳQJWLӃWNLӋPWKӭFăQ
giàu protein PjFzQJLҧP{QKLӉPP{LWUѭӡQJÿm ÿѭӧFӭQJGөQJVҧQ [XҩW công
QJKLӋS WҥL&{QJW\WKӭFăQFKăQQX{LĈҥL0LQK± WKӏ[m6{ng Công Thái Nguyên và
ÿѭӧFӭQJ GөQJWҥLFiFFѫVӣFKăQQX{LWұSWUXQJFӫDNKXYӵFWӍQK7KiL1JX\rQ
éQJKƭDNKRDK͕F
.ӃWTXҧQJKLrQFӭXFӫDÿӅWjLFXQJFҩSWKrPGӳOLӋXNKRDKӑFFKӭQJPLQK
tính KLӋX TXҧ FӫD YLӋF Vӱ GөQJ D[LW DPLQ WәQJ KӧS ÿӇ FkQ ÿӕL NKҭX SKҫQ WKHR
QJX\rQWҳFSURWHLQOêWѭӣQJQKҵPJLҧPWӹOӋSURWHLQWәQJVӕPjYүQÿҧPEҧRKLӋX
TXҧFKăQQX{LYjJySSKҫQJLҧPWKLӇX{QKLӉPP{LWUѭӡQJ
1KӳQJÿyQJJySPӟLFӫDOXұQiQ
- ;iFÿӏQKÿѭӧFWӹOӋSURWHLQYjPӝWVӕD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXWURQJWKӭFăQKӛQ
KӧSWUrQQӅQQJX\rQOLӋXÿӏDSKѭѫQJFKROӧQODLJLӕQJQJRҥLQX{LWKӏWÿҧPEҧRWӕF
ÿӝ VLQKWUѭӣQJWӹOӋQҥFFDRYjKLӋXTXҧVӱGөQJWKӭFăQWӕW
- ӬQJ GөQJ NKҭX SKҫQ FyWӹ OӋ SURWHLQ Yj D[LW DPLQ KӧS Oê cho OӧQODL 
JLӕQJQJRҥL ÿҧPEҧRKLӋXTXҧFKăQ QX{LYj OjPJLҧPWKLӇXPӭFWKҧLQLWѫYjOѭX
KXǤQKWURQJSKkQYjQѭӟFWLӇXJySSKҫQKҥQFKӃ{QKLӉPP{LWUѭӡQJ

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JOXFRVHJDODFWRVHFDRWKuJk\ӭFFKӃKҩSWKXOHXFLQH+RjQJ7RjQ7KҳQJ&DR9ăQ
2006 [39]).
- 1KӳQJQKkQWӕҧQKKѭӣQJWӟLFKӭFQăQJWLrXKyDӣOӧQ
ҦQKKѭӣQJFӫDJLӕQJGLWUX\ӅQ%ҧQFKҩWGLWUX\ӅQFӫDORjLJLӕQJFiWKӇ
OӧQFNJQJҧQKKѭӣQJWӟLKLӋXVXҩWWLrXKyDKҩSWKXYjVӱGөQJSURWHLQWURQJFѫWKӇ
OӧQĈLӅXQj\FyOLrQTXDQWӟLNLӇXWUDRÿәLFKҩWKuQKWKjQKWURQJTXiWUuQKWKtFK
QJKLFӫDORjLJLӕQJOӧQWӟLÿLӅXNLӋQWKӭFăQWURQJOӏFKVӱKuQKWKjQKJLӕQJӢOӧQ
KѭӟQJQҥFNKҧQăQJWLrXKyDKҩSWKXVӱGөQJSURWHLQFDRKѫQOӧQKѭӟQJPӥWKӇ

7
KLӋQӣNKҧQăQJSKkQWLӃWYjKRҥWWtQKFiFHQ]\PHWKӫ\SKkQSURWHLQWURQJGӏFKWө\
YjGӏFKUXӝWFӫDOӧQĈk\OjPӝWÿһFWtQKÿmÿѭӧFTXDQWkPFKӑQOӑFTXDVӵәQÿӏQK
VLQKOêWLrXKyDNKLWăQJOѭӧQJSURWHLQNKҭXSKҫQÿӇWK~Fÿҭ\WăQJWUѭӣQJSKҫQQҥF
WURQJWKӏWOӧQ
ҦQKKѭӣQJFӫDFKӃÿӝWKӭFăQYjNӻWKXұWFKRăQ
 &KӃ ÿӝ ăQ Yj Nӻ WKXұW FKR ăQ FNJQJ ҧQK KѭӣQJ WӟL OѭӧQJ GӏFK WLӃW UD
7&RUULQJYj56DXFLHUWUtFKWKHR7UҫQ&ӯ>@ ÿmWKtQJKLӋPFKROӧQ
ăQFiFPӭFSURWHLQNKiFQKDXÿmWKҩ\UҵQJOѭӧQJWLӃWGӏFKFNJQJQKѭKRҥWWtQKFӫD
PHQNLPRVLQHWăQJU}UӋW7ӯÿyFiFWiFJLҧFKRUҵQJFyVӵWKtFKӭQJFӫDHQ]\PH
WURQJGӏFKWXӷYӟLVӵWKD\ÿәLFӫDFKӃÿӝGLQKGѭӥQJQyLFKXQJYjFKӃÿӝGLQKGѭӥQJ
SURWHLQQyLULrQJ&zQ*URVVPDQYj5HERXWFNJQJWKHR7UҫQ&ӯ
>@FKRUҵQJHQ]\PHNLPRVLQHÿiSӭQJÿѭӧFWҩWFҧVӵWKD\ÿәLYӅWKjQKSKҫQSURWHLQ
FӫDWKӭFăQ WKHRFKLӅXKѭӟQJWKtFK ӭQJYӟLVӵWăQJ PӭFSURWHLQNKҭXSKҫQKjP
OѭӧQJSURWHLQFӫDNKҭXSKҫQFjQJFDRKRҥWWtQKFӫDHQ]\PHFjQJWăQJPҥQK4XD
ÿyFK~QJWDFyWKӇQKұQ[pWUҵQJTXiWUuQKFKӑQOӑFÿһFWtQKGLWUX\ӅQYӅWăQJWUӑQJ
SKҫQQҥFFӫDOӧQJҳQOLӅQYӟLVӵWKD\ÿәLKRҥWWtQKFӫDHQ]\PHWURQJQKӳQJÿLӅXNLӋQ
WѭѫQJWKtFKÿӇSKKӧSYӟLVӵJLDWăQJKjPOѭӧQJSURWHLQWURQJNKҭXSKҫQ
&KӃÿӝăQYjNӻWKXұWFKRăQҧQKKѭӣQJWӟLKRҥWWtQKHQ]\PHWLrXKyD9Ӆ
ҧQKKѭӣQJQj\7HOHWQHS'үQ WKHR7UҫQ&ӯ>@ÿmQJKLrQFӭXKRҥW
ÿӝQJWLӃWHQ]\PHWLrXKyDFӫDWX\ӃQWө\YjWKҩ\KRҥWOӵFPHQSURWHD]DSKөWKXӝF

YjRFѭӡQJÿӝWLӃWFӫDWX\ӃQWXӷYjWKjQKSKҫQNKҭXSKҫQ9ӟLORҥLNKҭXSKҫQÿѭӧF
FkQEҵQJWӕWYӅWKjQKSKҫQGLQKGѭӥQJWѭѫQJӭQJYӟLNKӕLOѭӧQJFѫWKӇYjWXәLFӫD
OӧQWKuOѭӧQJWU\SVLQHELӃQÿӝQJUҩWtW
ҦQKKѭӣQJFӫDFKӃÿӝăQYjNӻWKXұWFKRăQÿӃQTXiWUuQKWLrXKyD0ӝW
WURQJQKӳQJ\ӃXWӕҧQKKѭӣQJQKLӅXÿӃQKLӋXTXҧWLrXKyDSURWHLQWURQJGҥGj\OӧQ
OjWӹOӋJLӳDJOX[LWYjFKҩWFKӭDQLWѫWURQJNKҭXSKҫQăQ1ăP7UҫQ&ӯNKL
QJKLrQFӭXҧQKKѭӣQJFӫDNKҭXSKҫQFQJPӭFSURWHLQÿӃQVӵWLrXKRiQLWѫӣUXӝW
QRQFӫDOӧQÿmWKҩ\UҵQJNKҭXSKҫQFyFiFORҥLWKӭFăQNKiFQKDXWKuKjPOѭӧQJ
FiFGҥQJQLWѫWURQJQKNJFKҩSUXӝWOjNKiFQKDXĈLӅXQj\ҧQKKѭӣQJWUӵFWLӃSÿӃQ

8
NKҧQăQJKҩSWKXVӱGөQJQLWѫӣÿѭӡQJWLrXKRi9uWKӃQyÿzLKӓLVӵQJKLrQFӭX
YӅFiFPӭFSURWHLQNKiFQKDXWUrQFӣVӣJLӳәQÿӏQKKjPOѭӧQJYjWӹOӋPӝWVӕD[LW
DPLQWKLӃW\ӃX
ҦQKKѭӣQJFӫDWKjQKSKҫQGLQKGѭӥQJWURQJNKҭXSKҫQWӟLNKҧQăQJWLrX
KyDӣOӧQ7KjQKSKҫQGLQKGѭӥQJFӫDNKҭX SKҫQ[pWWKHRTXDQÿLӇPKLӋQÿҥLOjVӵ
FkQÿӕLFKXQJYӅVӕOѭӧQJYjFKҩWOѭӧQJFӫDFiFFKҩWGLQKGѭӥQJQKѭQăQJOѭӧQJ
SURWHLQD[LWDPLQNKRiQJYLWDPLQWLQKEӝWPӥYӟLPӝWWӹOӋWKtFKKӧSQKҵPÿҧP
EҧR FKR KLӋX TXҧ WLrX KRi FKXQJ Yj OӧL GөQJ WKӭF ăQ FDR WURQJ ÿy Fy WLrX KyD
SURWHLQJySSKҫQJLҧPJLiWKjQKYjFKLSKtWKӭFăQ7URQJFiFTXDQKӋFkQEҵQJ
JLӳD FiF WKjQK SKҫQ GLQK GѭӥQJ QJѭӡL WD WKѭӡQJ TXDQ WkP QKҩW ÿӃQ TXDQ KӋ
SURWHLQQăQJOѭӧQJD[LWDPLQQăQJOѭӧQJKjPOѭӧQJFKҩW[ѫWӕLÿD6ӵFkQÿӕL
GLQKGѭӥQJWURQJNKҭXSKҫQÿѭӧF[k\GӵQJFKRFiFÿӕLWѭӧQJOӧQYjÿѭDWKjQKWLrX
FKXҭQăQ7UҫQ&ӯ>@ÿmFKӭQJPLQKUҵQJPӭFÿӝGLQKGѭӥQJWKҩSKѫQWLrX
FKXҭQOjPJLҧPWăQJWUӑQJFzQPӭFGLQKGѭӥQJFDRKѫQWLrXFKXҭQOjP
WăQJWUӑQJWăQJthêm 17,80%.
ӢOӧQPӭFSURWHLQFӫDWKӭFăQҧQKKѭӣQJOӟQÿӃQVӵWLrXKyDQyLFKXQJYj
WӯÿyҧQKKѭӣQJTX\ӃWÿӏQKÿӃQVӵWăQJWUӑQJ1ăP7UҫQ&ӯQJKLrQFӭX
PӭFYjSURWHLQWURQJNKҭXSKҫQOӧQÿӃQVӵWLrXKyDYjVӱGөQJWKӭFăQÿm
FKRELӃWPӭFFKRNӃWTXҧQӗQJÿӝFiFGҥQJQLWѫWURQJQKNJFKҩSӣUXӝWQRQFDR

KѫQKҷQPӭF7UҫQ&ӯ>@1KLӅXWKtQJKLӋPWKHRKѭӟQJQj\ÿmÿѭӧF
FiFWiFJLҧWLӃQKjQKYjNKҷQJÿӏQKPӭFSURWHLQWURQJWKӭFăQҧQKKѭӣQJOӟQWӟL
NKҧQăQJWLrXKyD0ӭFSURWHLQWURQJWKӭFăQFNJQJQKѭFiFORҥLSURWHLQNKiFFNJQJ
ҧQKKѭӣQJUҩWNKiFQKDXWӟLVӵWLӃWGӏFKYӏGӏFKWө\YjWLrXKyDWKӭFăQQyLFKXQJ
WURQJÿѭӡQJWLrXKyDFӫDOӧQ
ҦQKKѭӣQJFӫDD[LWDPLQÿӃQVӵWLrXKyDFӫDOӧQҦQKKѭӣQJFӫDSURWHLQ
WӟLWLrXKyDWKӵFFKҩWOjҧQKKѭӣQJFӫDD[LWDPLQFҩXWKjQKSURWHLQ1ӃXSURWHLQFy
FKҩWOѭӧQJWӕWFKӭDÿҫ\ÿӫYjFkQÿӕLD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXWKuVӵWLrXKyDKҩSWKX
SURWHLQVӁÿҥWKLӋXTXҧUҩWFDR7KLӃXEҩWNǤORҥLD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXQjRFNJQJҧQK
KѭӣQJ[ҩXWӟLVӵVLQKWUѭӣQJFӫDOӧQQKҩWOjWKLӃXO\VLQH'RFyVӵFKX\ӇQKyDOүQ

9
QKDXFӫDFiFD[LWDPLQWURQJFѫWKӇPjVӵFyPһWÿҫ\ÿӫFӫDFiFD[LWNK{QJWKD\
WKӃ Fy WKӇ OjP JLҧP EӟW QKX FҫX D[LW DPLQ NK{QJ WKD\ WKӃ .KL YҳQJ PӝW KRһF
NK{QJÿҫ\ÿӫFKӫQJORҥLD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXFҫQWKLӃWNK{QJFKӍҧQKKѭӣQJQJKLrP
WUӑQJÿӃQVӱGөQJFiFD[LWDPLQNKiFOjPVLQKWUѭӣQJQJӯQJWUӋWKӇWUӑQJJLҧPPj
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WURQJNKҭXSKҫQJk\UD
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YұWFKҩWKӳXFѫPӟLÿӇWiLFҩXWU~FÿӇWtFKONJ\YұWFKҩWWURQJWӃEjR

10
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11
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VҧQSKҭPWKӏWWUӭQJVӳD3URWHLQFyWtQKÿһFKLӋXUҩWFDRYuWKӃFѫWKӇFKӍVӱGөQJ
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nhóm NH
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6
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13
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PHWKLRQLQHF\VWLQYjFiFFKҩWӣWUrQOѭXKXǤQKFzQWKDPJLDYjRFKӭFQăQJ ÿ{QJ

14
PiXYjYұQFKX\ӇQQăQJOѭӧQJ1JRjLUDQKӳQJWKjQKSKҫQFKӭDOѭXKXǤQKNKiF
FyFKӭFQăQJ FKӕQJ ÿӝF QyNӃWKӧS YӟL FiF FKҩWÿӝFӣ UXӝW JLj WӯVӵSKkQ KXӹ
SURWHLQWKӯDÿѭӧFKҩSWKXYjRPiXYӅJDQÿӇWҥRWKjQKFiFFKҩWNK{QJÿӝFWKҧLUD
QJRjLTXD QѭӟF WLӇX'ҥQJÿjR WKҧL OѭXKXǤQKWURQJSKkQFKӫ \ӃXӣGҥQJ Y{ Fѫ
WURQJFiFNKtWKҧL+
2
S, SO
2
VLQKUDGRKRҥWÿӝQJFӫDYLNKXҭQJk\WKӕLSKkQKӫ\D[LW
DPLQFKӭDOѭXKXǤQKFzQGѭWKӯDWURQJWKӭFăQ0һWNKiFOѭXKXǤQKÿѭӧFWtFKOXӻ

WURQJWKұQWURQJOiFKPӝWWKӡLJLDQGjLÿӗQJWKӡLWURQJFѫWKӇGLӉQUDPӝWTXiWUuQK
R[\KRiOѭXKXǤQKÿӇEjLWLӃWUDGѭӟLGҥQJVXOIDW1JXӗQVXOIDWQѭӟFWLӇXWKѭӡQJӣ
GҥQJNӃWKӧSYӟLSKHQROÿѭӧFWҥRWKjQKGRVӵSKkQJLҧLD[LWDPLQFKӭDOѭXKXǤQK
WKӯDWURQJWKӭFăQӣUXӝWJLjKRһFVXOIDWFӫDWKӭFăQ/ѭXKXǤQKVXOILW62
3
-2
ÿѭӧF
WҥRUDGRVӵSKkQJLҧLD[LWDPLQFKӭDOѭXKXǤQKFyYDLWUzWKDPJLDFӫDÿӗQJ&X
2+
)
YjEӏR[\KRiWURQJPiX9uYұ\FѫWKӇFyWKӇFKX\ӇQPӝWOѭӧQJVXOILWWKjQKVXOIDW
ÿӇWKҧLUDTXDQѭӟFWLӇX7X\FiFQJKLrQFӭXYӅQKXFҫXYjFKX\ӇQKRiFӫDOѭXKXǤQK
WURQJFѫWKӇFKѭDQKLӅXQKѭQJYӟLQKӳQJWK{QJWLQÿѭDUDWUrQFKRFK~QJWDPӝW
FiFKQKuQWәQJTXiWYӅFKӍWLrXKjPOѭӧQJOѭXKXǤQKWKҧLUDWURQJSKkQYjQѭӟFWLӇX
WURQJWKtQJKLӋPWKӱPӭFWLrXKyDNLӇPWUD KjPOѭӧQJFiFFKҩWWKҧLUDP{LWUѭӡQJWӯ
FѫWKӇOӧQ
1Kѭ Yұ\JLiWUӏVӱGөQJ SURWHLQ SKө WKXӝF YjR WKjQK SKҫQ Vӕ OѭӧQJD[LW
DPLQFKӭDWURQJÿyYjNKiFQKDXWXǤORҥLSURWHLQĈӇQkQJFDRKLӋXTXҧVӱGөQJ
SURWHLQWURQJNKҭXSKҫQFҫQSKӕLKӧSQKLӅXORҥLSURWHLQYӟLQKDXNӇFҧYLӋFEә
VXQJWKrPFiFD[LWDPLQWәQJKӧSĈӇÿҧPEҧRVӵFkQEҵQJJLӳDKDLTXiWUuQKWәQJ
KӧSYjSKkQKXӹSURWHLQWKuFҫQFXQJFҩSOѭӧQJSURWHLQWӕLWKLӇXWURQJNKҭXSKҫQ
JӑLOj PӭF SURWHLQ GX\WUu PӭFQj\ӣOӧQ WKӏW YjRNKRҧQJJDP SURWHLQNJ NKӕL
OѭӧQJJLӡ7X\QKLrQFK~QJWDÿmELӃWUҵQJQKXFҫXSURWHLQFӫDOӧQWKӏWWKӵF
FKҩWOjQKXFҫXFiFD[LWDPLQĈӇÿiSӭQJÿѭӧFQKXFҫXFiFD[LWDPLQWKuSKҧLFXQJ
FҩSÿӫOѭӧQJSURWHLQFKҩWOѭӧQJFDRKRһFFXQJFҩSSURWHLQKӛQKӧSÿӇFyVӵEÿҳS
OүQQKDXYӅFiFD[LWDPLQ1JRjLUDQJѭӡLWDFNJQJFyWKӇEәVXQJFKtQK[iFD[LW
DPLQWәQJKӧSÿӇEÿҳSVӵWKLӃXKөW


15

1KXF̯XYjEL͏QSKiSFkQÿ͙LSURWHLQD[LWDPLQFͯDOͫQ
1KXF̯XSURWHLQYjD[LWDPLQFͯDOͫQVLQKWU˱ͧQJ
/ӧQVLQKWUѭӣQJKѭӟQJQҥFFҫQD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXO\VLQHPHWKLRQLQH
threonie, tryptophan, phenylalanine, arginine, leucine, izoleucin, valine và histidin.
6ӵWKLӃXKөWEҩWFӭPӝWD[LWDPLQQjRWURQJVӕD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXQj\FNJQJVӁ
KҥQFKӃQăQJVXҩWӣOӧQ7URQJÿy/\VLQHOjD[LWDPLQFyNKҧQăQJWKLӃXKөWQKҩW
WURQJSKҫQ OӟQ FiF NKҭX SKҫQ Wӯ QKLӅX ORҥL QJX\rQOLӋX &y QJX\rQ QKkQ WKӭ
QKҩWO\VLQHOjD[LWDPLQFyKjPOѭӧQJQKLӅXQKҩWWURQJVӕFiFD[LWDPLQFҩXWKjQK
SURWHLQFӫDFѫWKӇFKLӃPWәQJOѭӧQJSURWHLQFѫWKӇYjWKӭKDLNKҭXSKҫQFy
SKҫQOӟQQJX\rQOLӋXOjFiFKҥWQJNJFӕFFyKjPOѭӧQJO\VLQHUҩWWKҩS
4XiWUuQKWtFKOXӻSURWHLQEӏҧQKKѭӣQJEӣLWKLӃXKөWFӫDFiFD[LWDPLQWURQJ
NKҭXSKҫQ&ROHYjFV1992)[70@FKRUҵQJYӟLFiFJLӕQJOӧQNKiFQKDXFyWtQKELӋW
NKӕLOѭӧQJFѫWKӇKRһFVLQKWUѭӣQJNKiFQKDXWKuQKXFҫXYӅSURWHLQNKiFQKDX
QKѭQJ YӅ PһWFKҩW OѭӧQJ WKjQK SKҫQ FiF D[LW DPLQFӫD SURWHLQ ÿy NK{QJ NKiF
QKDX.ӃWOXұQQj\GӵDWUrQPӝWWKӵFWӃOjFK~QJWDNKyFyWKӇSKkQELӋW ÿѭӧFPүX
FҩXWU~FFӫDFiFD[LWDPLQFӫDSURWHLQWӃ EjRWKӏWFӫDFiFORҥL OӧQFyNKӕLOѭӧQJ
NKiFQKDXĈLӅXQj\FKRWKҩ\QӃXFK~QJWDELӃWÿѭӧFWӹOӋFӫDFiFD[LWDPLQFӫD
ORҥLOӧQQj\WKuFyWKӇiSGөQJFKRFiFORҥLOӧQNKiFJLӕQJOӧQNKiF0ӝWYҩQÿӅ
kKiFQӃXSURWHLQFӫDNKҭXSKҫQWKLӃXPӝWKRһFQKLӅXD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXWKuTXi
WUuQKWtFKOXӻSURWHLQFKӍÿѭӧFFҧLWKLӋQNKLEәVXQJWKrPQKӳQJD[LWDPLQQj\&zQ
QӃXQKѭSURWHLQFӫDNKҭXSKҫQWKLӃXFiFD[LWDPLQNK{QJWKLӃW\ӃXWKuTXiWUuQKWtFK
OXӻSURWHLQVӁÿѭӧFFҧLWKLӋQEӣLYLӋFEәVXQJEҩWNǤD[LWDPLQQjR6DXÿk\OjPӝW
VӕKѭӟQJGүQYӅQKXFҫXSURWHLQYjD[LWDPLQFKROӧQQJRҥLVLQKWUѭӣQJ
7KHRKѭӟQJGүQFӫD 1KұW %ҧQGүQWKHR9LӋQ&KăQQX{L4XӕF*LD
2001 [52]) QKXFҫXFKROӧQWKӏWFyNKӕLOѭӧQJ-NJWKuPӭFSURWHLQO\VLQH
WKUHRQLQHWU\SWRSKDQYjOӧQWKӏWFyNKӕLOѭӧQJ-110kg có
FiF WK{QJ Vӕ WѭѫQJ ӭQJ Oj  SURWHLQ O\VLQH  WKUHRQLQH  Yj
tryptophan 0,08%.

16

NRC (1998)[108@ FNJQJ ÿѭD UD QKX FҫX FKR OӧQ WKӏW JLDL ÿRҥQ -50kg là
3265kcal/kg ME, 18% protein thô, 83g lysine, 22g methionine, 52g threonine, 15g
WU\SWRSKDQӣJLDLÿRҥQ-NJWKuFҫQNFDONJ0(SURWHLQWK{J
O\VLQHJ PHWKLRQLQHJWKUHRQLQH J WU\SWRSKDQ Yj JLDL ÿRҥQ 0-120kg thì
FҫQ Fy NFDONJ 0(  SURWHLQ WK{ J O\VLQH J PHWKLRQLQH J
threonine, 10g tryptophan.
6ӵWKLӃXKөWYjGѭWKӯDD[LWDPLQӣOӧQ.KLFXQJFҩSSURWHLQYjD[LWDPLQ
FKROӧQNK{QJFkQÿӕLWKuOӧQFyGҩXKLӋXăQtWOѭӧQJWKӭFăQăQYjRJLҧPWKӭFăQ
WKӯDQKLӅXOӧQFKұPOӟQKLӋXTXҧNLQKWӃWKҩS7X\QKLrQӣJLӕQJOӧQQJRҥLWKuFy
WKӇFXQJFҩSOѭӧQJSURWHLQăQYjRFDRPjtWFyELӇXKLӋQEӋQKWұWÿiQJNӇQJRҥLWUӯ
ÿ{LNKLFyWKӇEӏӍDFKҧ\QKҽQKѭQJQӃXFKRăQOѭӧQJSURWHLQYѭӧWTXi ÿӕLYӟL
OӧQFKRDLYӛEpROjOmQJSKtJk\{QKLӉPP{LWUѭӡQJJLҧPKLӋXTXҧVӱGөQJWKӭF
ăQ 1JKLrQ FӭX FӫD (GPRQG Yj %DNHU >71], Brudevoid và Southern
(1994)[63@ QӃX Eә VXQJ TXi QKLӅX D[LW DPLQ WLQK WKӇ QKѭ DUJLQLQH OHXFLQH
PHWKLRQLQHFyWKӇOjPJLҧPOѭӧQJWKӭFăQăQYjRYjJLҧPWӕFÿӝVLQKWUѭӣQJPһW
khác lӧQăQTXiQKLӅXPӝWORҥLD[LWDPLQULrQJOҿFyWKӇJk\QKLӅXWULӋXFKӭQJ[ҩX
QKѭWtQKÿӝFWtQKÿӕLNKiQJKD\WtQKPҩWFkQEҵQJ1JRjLUDQӃXVӵFkQEҵQJWURQJ
TXDQKӋWӹOӋJLӳDFiFD[LWDPLQQKҩWOjD[LWDPLQNK{QJWKD\WKӃWURQJNKҭXSKҫQ
NK{QJFkQÿӕLGRFXQJFҩSWKӯDPӝWKD\QKLӅXD[LWDPLQYjOjPWăQJWKrPQKXFҫX
YӅD[LW DPLQNKiF1KѭYұ\QӃXFXQJFҩS WKӯD SURWHLQVRYӟL QKX FҫXWKuNK{QJ
QKӳQJOjPJLҧPKLӋXVXҩWVӱGөQJQăQJOѭӧQJ WK{WURQJWKӭFăQFӫDOӧQPjFzQ
WăQJOѭӧQJDPRQLDFJk\{QKLӉPP{LWUѭӡQJ15&>08@1ӃXFK~QJWDU~W
EӟWOѭӧQJD[LWDPLQYѭӧWTXiNKӓLNKҭXSKҫQWKuOӧQVӁQKDQKFKyQJWUӣOҥLEuQK
WKѭӡQJ%LNNHUYjFV1994a [60@FKRELӃWVӵWKD\ÿәLKjPOѭӧQJPӝW VӕD[LWDPLQ
WURQJFiFQӝLTXDQFyWKӇGRPӭFQăQJOѭӧQJYjSURWHLQăQYjRFyҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQ
NKӕLOѭӧQJPiXYjFiFFѫTXDQ
%L͏QSKiSFkQÿ͙LQKXF̯XSURWHLQD[LWDPLQWURQJNḴXSK̯Q
0ӝWNKҭXSKҫQFӫDOӧQFyVӕOѭӧQJYjFKҩWOѭӧQJSURWHLQFDRWKӇKLӋQӣFiF
FKӍWLrX/ӧQFyWӕFÿӝVLQKWUѭӣQJQKDQKKӋVӕFKX\ӇQKRiWKӭFăQWKҩSKѫQWtFK

17
OXӻWKӏWQҥFFDRKѫQWӹOӋWKӏWQҥFPӥFDRKѫQWtFKOXӻQLWѫFDRKѫQTXiWUuQKWәQJ
KӧSXUrWKҩSKѫQQӗQJÿӝXUrWURQJPiXWKҩSKѫQWӹOӋR[\KRiD[LWDPLQ WKҩS
KѫQ9uWKӃÿӇFyÿѭӧFNKҭXSKҫQFyVӕOѭӧQJYjFKҩWOѭӧQJSURWHLQFDRFҫQSKҧLFy
ELӋQSKiSFkQÿӕLSURWHLQÿyFKtQKOjYLӋFFkQÿӕLD[LWDPLQWURQJNKҭXSKҫQGӵD
WUrQQKXFҫXFӫDOӧQӣWӯQJJLDLÿRҥQQX{L7X\QKLrQYLӋFFkQEҵQJGLQKGѭӥQJ
proteiQYjD[LWDPLQW\WKXӝFYjRFiFQJX\rQQKkQNKiFQKDXPjFyELӋQSKiS
FkQÿӕLNKiFQKDX
- 1ӃXNKҭXSKҫQPҩWFkQÿӕLD[LWDPLQPjEәVXQJWKrPSURWHLQVӁNKҳFSKөF
ÿѭӧFWKLӃXKөWPӝWSKҫQFiFD[LWDPLQQKѭQJFyWKӇGүQÿӃQTXiWKӯDPӝWVӕD[LW
amin kKiF9uWKӃSKѭѫQJSKiSQj\tWKLӋXTXҧNLQKWӃJk\OmQJSKtWKӭFăQFKӍVӕ
)&5FDRYjFKӍGQJWURQJFKăQQX{LJLDÿuQKNKLWKӭFăQÿӏDSKѭѫQJQKLӅXYjJLiUҿ
- %LӋQSKiSVӱGөQJWӹOӋSURWHLQWK{WURQJNKҭXSKҫQFDRFNJQJVӁÿiSӭQJ
ÿѭӧFÿӫQKXFҫXGLQKGѭӥQJFKROӧQQKѭQJVӁGүQÿӃQÿjRWKҧLPӝWVӕFKҩWWKҧLJk\
OmQJSKtWKӭFăQYj{QKLӉPP{LWUѭӡQJ
- %LӋQSKiSSKӕLKӧSNKҭXSKҫQVӱGөQJQKLӅXQJX\rQOLӋXFNJQJVӁFkQÿӕL
EәVXQJÿҫ\ÿӫGLQKGѭӥQJÿiSӭQJÿѭӧFQKXFҫXFKROӧQ7X\QKLrQELӋQSKiS
Qj\WURQJVҧQ[XҩWFNJQJJһSQKLӅXNKyNKăQWURQJYLӋFWKXPXDYjÿiQKJLiFKҩW
OѭӧQJQJX\rQOLӋXĈӛ+ӳX3KѭѫQJ>6@+LӋQQD\WURQJVҧQ[XҩWQJѭӡLWD
ÿѭDUDORҥLWKӭFăQÿұPÿһFNqPWKHROjKѭӟQJGүQSKӕLWUӝQYӟLQJX\rQOLӋXWKHR
PӝWWӹOӋWKtFKKӧSÿӇÿҥWWӹOӋFkQÿӕLD[LWDPLQWURQJNKҭXSKҫQ
- %LӋQ SKiS EәVXQJD[LWDPLQWәQJKӧS KLӋQQD\ÿDQJÿѭӧFVӱGөQJNKi
UӝQJUmL&iFD[LWDPLQJLӟLKҥQÿѭӧFVҧQ[XҩWEҵQJFKӃSKҭPWәQJKӧSKyDKӑF
KRһFYLVLQKYұWKӑFGѭӟLGҥQJ'/- axit amin và L- a[LWDPLQ9ӅPһWGLQKGѭӥQJ
WKuFiFD[LWDPLQWәQJKӧSFyWKӇNKiFYӟLFiFD[LWDPLQÿѭӧFJLҧLSKyQJWӯSURWHLQ
WKӭFăQWURQJTXiWUuQKWLrXKyDQKѭQJFiFORҥLD[LWDPLQQj\FyWKӇÿiSӭQJÿѭӧF
QKXFҫXWҥRÿLӅXNLӋQGӉGjQJFKRYLӋFVҧQ[XҩWPӝWNKӕLOѭӧQJWKӭFăQOӟQFyJLi
WUӏFDR1KѭYұ\ÿӇ[iFÿӏQKQKXFҫXGLQKGѭӥQJFkQÿӕLFKROӧQWKuSKҧL[iFÿӏQK
ÿѭӧFWӹOӋFiFD[LWDPLQKӧSOêFӫDSURWHLQOêWѭӣQJ

18
3URWHLQOêW˱ͧQJWURQJNḴXSK̯QăQFKROͫQWK͓W
.KiLQL͏PSURWHLQOêW˱ͧQJYj JLͣLK̩QD[LWDPLQWKL͇W\͇X
- 3URWHLQOêWѭӣQJFyFKӭDWҩWFҧFiFD[LWDPLQÿ~QJEҵQJWӹOӋPjOӧQ\rX
FҫX FNJQJ Fy QJKƭD UҵQJ JLi WUӏ VLQK YұW KӑF FӫD SURWHLQ Oê WѭӣQJ Oj FDR QKҩW
(a 3URWHLQ Oê WѭӣQJ Oj SURWHLQ WәQJ Vӕ FӫD NKҭX SKҫQ Pj WKjQK SKҫQ axit
DPLQFӫDQyFyWӹOӋFkQÿӕLSKKӧSYӟLQKXFҫXWәQJKӧSÿӇFҩXWKjQKPӝWFѫ
TXDQWәFKӭFFѫWKӇKD\PӝWFKӭFQăQJVLQKOêQKѭGX\WUuWăQJWUѭӣQJP{QҥF
PDQJWKDLYjWLӃWVӳD&kQEҵQJD[LWDPLQWURQJSURWHLQOêWѭӣQJFKӑQO\VLQHOjP
WKDPFKLӃXKjPOѭӧQJO\VLQHÿѭӧFFRLOjWӹOӋFiFD[LWDPLQNKiF[iFÿӏQK
WKHRFӫDO\VLQH%ӣLYuO\VLQHOj\ӃXWӕKҥQFKӃWKӭQKҩWWURQJNKҭXSKҫQWKӵFWӃ
FyQKXFҫXFDRKѫQFiFD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXNKiFYjNK{QJWKDPJLDFiFFKӭFQăQJ
NKiFQJRjLFKӭFQăQJVLQKWәQJKӧSSURWHLQ$[LWDPLQWKѭӡQJ[iFÿӏQKӣGҥQJOӧL
GөQJÿѭӧF D[LW DPLQ WLrX KyD KRһF WLrX KyDKӗLWUjQJ+ӑFYLӋQ .ӻWKXұW FKăQ
QX{LOӧQFӫD3KiS>GүQWKHR9NJ'X\*LҧQJ>@ÿmFKRELӃWPүXFkQ
EҵQJD[LWDPLQWLrXKyDWURQJSURWHLQOêWѭӣQJFӫDOӧQÿDQJVLQKWUѭӣQJOjO\VLQH
100%, methionine 30%, Met+Cystine 60%, threonine 65% và tryptophan 18%.
Bikker và cs (1994a)[60] FNJQJ ÿѭD ra nhu FҫX lysine cho OӧQ WKӏW giai ÿRҥQ sinh
WUѭӣQJ Wӯ 6,5 - 7,5g lysine/100g protein Fѫ WKӇ 7URQJÿyF\VWLQHFyWKӇFKLӃPWӟL
QKXFҫXFӫDFiFD[LWDPLQFyFKӭDOѭXKXǤQKYjW\URVLQHFKLӃPQKXFҫX
D[LW DPLQ Fy FKӭD PҥFK YzQJ 9u D[LW DPLQ F\VWHLQ Fy WKӇ WҥR WURQJ Fѫ WKӇ Wӯ
PHWKLRQLQHFzQW\URVLQWӯSKHQ\ODODQLQHGRÿyFiFWiFJLҧÿmÿӅ[XҩWKӋVӕFKX\ӇQ
ÿәLPHWKLRQLQH F\VWLQH7URQJWKӵFWӃNK{QJFyEҩWNǤPӝWORҥLQJX\rQ
OLӋXWKӭFăQQjRPjSURWHLQFӫDQyÿѭӧFFRLOjOêWѭӣQJQJX\rQQKkQOjGRKjP
OѭӧQJFiFD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXWURQJWKӭFăQOX{QWKҩSKѫQQKXFҫXÿӝQJYұW&KӍFy
WUӭQJYӟLJLiWUӏVLQKYұWKӑF aYjVӳDPҽQyLFKXQJÿѭӧFFRLOj³SURWHLQOê
WѭӣQJ´WURQJÿyFyVӳDOӧQQiLOjWKӭFăQWӕWQKҩWFKROӧQFRQĈӇ[k\GӵQJFiFP{
KuQKSURWHLQOêWѭӣQJWURQJWKӭFăQQX{LÿӝQJYұWQJѭӡLWDÿѭDUDNKiLQLӋPD[LW
DPLQJLӟLKҥQ

19
- $[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXJLӟLKҥQOjQKӳQJD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXFyWURQJWKӭFăQӣ
PӭFWKҩSKѫQQKXFҫXÿӝQJYұWOjPFKRKLӋXTXҧVӱGөQJSURWHLQFӫDWKӭFăQJLҧP
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YӟLFiFD[LWDPLQNKiFPjOjGRtWKD\QKLӅXVRYӟLQKXFҫXFӫDFѫWKӇJLDV~F
.KiLQLӋPD[LWDPLQJLӟLKҥQNK{QJSKҧLOjEҩWELӃQYjFӕÿӏQKYӟLPӑLORҥLWKӭFăQ
PjQyWKD\ÿәLWKHRORҥLKuQKNKҭXSKҫQWKtGөӣORҥLKuQKNKҭXSKҫQQJ{ÿұX
WѭѫQJFKROӧQWKuO\VLQHOjD[LWDPLQJLӟLKҥQWKӭQKҩWPHWKLRQLQHOjD[LWDPLQJLӟL
KҥQWKӭKDLĈӇNKҳFSKөFVӵJLӟLKҥQQj\WURQJNKҭXSKҫQQJѭӡLWDSKҧLEәVXQJ
ORҥLWKӭFăQFyKjPOѭӧQJD[LWDPLQJLӟLKҥQFDRKѫQÿӇEÿҳSWKLӃXKөWKRһFGQJ
D[LWDPLQWәQJKӧSÿӇEәVXQJYjRNKҭXSKҫQOjPFKRWӹOӋD[LWDPLQWURQJNKҭX
SKҫQFjQJViWYӟLWӹOӋFӫDPүXSURWHLQOêWѭӣQJWKuFjQJWӕW
- 4XDQKӋD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXYjNK{QJWKLӃW\ӃX9ӅYҩQÿӅQj\5XVsell và cs
(1987)[115@FKRUҵQJQKXFҫXYӅWӹOӋJLӳDD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXYӟLD[LWamin không
WKLӃW \ӃXOjWӹOӋQj\FjQJ TXDQWUӑQJKѫQÿӕL YӟLFiFNKҭXSKҫQFy PӭF
SURWHLQWKҩS&yWKӇWăQJWӹOӋJLӳDD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXYjNK{QJWKLӃW\ӃXOrQ
PjNK{QJOjPJLҧPNKҧQăQJVӱGөQJQLWѫӣOӧQYjFiFD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXEӏNKӱ
DPLQÿѭӧFVӱGөQJFyKLӋXTXҧFKRVӵWәQJKӧSFiFD[LWDPLQNK{QJWKLӃW\ӃX
- ĈӇ[iFÿӏQKÿѭӧFFKtQK[iFWӹOӋD[LWDPLQWURQJP{KuQK³SURWHLQOêWѭӣQJ´
FӫDWKӭFăQQJѭӡLWD GӵDYjRWӹOӋWLrXKyDFӫDD[LWDPLQ9uWKӃÿiQKJLiFKҩW
OѭӧQJSURWHLQOjYҩQÿӅÿѭӧFQKLӅXWiFJLҧTXDQWkP
&iFSK˱˯QJSKiS[iFÿ͓QKFK̭WO˱ͫQJSURWHLQ
- +͏V͙KL͏XTX̫FͯDSURWHLQ :
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F{QJWKӭF[iFÿӏQK3(5FKRÿӝQJYұWVLQKWUѭӣQJQKѭVDX
+ӋVӕ KLӋXTXҧFӫDSURWHLQ3(5
7ăQJNKӕLOѭӧQJFӫDÿӝQJYұWJNJ
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SKѭѫQJSKiSQj\EӏҧQKKѭӣQJEӣLFiFQKkQWӕ7ӹOӋSURWHLQWURQJWKӭFăQVӵcân

20
ÿӕLD[LW DPLQWURQJSURWHLQKjPOѭӧQJ FiF YұWFKҩWGLQK GѭӥQJNKiFWURQJNKҭX
SKҫQYjFiF\ӃXWӕJLӕQJWXәLWtQKELӋWQKLӋWÿӝÿӝҭPWӟLKLӋXTXҧSURWHLQ
- 3K˱˯QJSKiSWKtQJKL͏PFkQE̹QJQLW˯7KtQJKLӋPGRThomas và Mitchel
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VLQKYұWKӑFFӫDSURWHLQ´'үQWKHR7ӯ4XDQJ+LӇQYjFV[9@YӟLF{QJWKӭF
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N tiêu hóa
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WUӏFӫDSURWHLQWURQJNKҭXSKҫQQJѭӡLWDSKҧLGQJQKLӅXQJXӗQSURWHLQNKiFQKDX
KRһF Eә VXQJ D[LW DPLQ WәQJ KӧS ÿӇ FkQ ÿӕL D[LW DPLQ WURQJ NKҭX SKҫQ Ĉk\ Oj
SKѭѫQJSKiSFyÿӝFKtQK[iFFDRWX\QKLrQYүQEӏҧQKKѭӣQJEӣLQLWѫWUDRÿәLYj
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TXDSKѭѫQJSKiSQKѭVDX
- 7Kӱ PӭF WLrX KyD SURWHLQ EҵQJ SKѭѫQJ SKiS WKX SKkQ Yj QѭӟF WLӇX
Ĉk\Oj SKѭѫQJSKiSQJKLrQFӭXSKzQJWKtQJKLӋPÿӇÿiQKJLiNKҧQăQJWLrXKyD
SURWHLQFӫDWKӭFăQăQYjR
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WURQJÿyFySURWHLQ.KLFKROӧQăQGQJ R[\WFURP&U
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GҩXNKLSKkQEҳWÿҫXÿѭӧFWKҧLUDWӯÿѭӡQJWLrXKyD7KXPүXSKkQÿӇ[iFÿӏQKFiF
FKҩWGLQKGѭӥQJFzQOҥLWURQJSKkQVDXÿyÿHPVRViQKYӟLVӕOLӋXSKkQWtFKWKӭF
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GѭӥQJQjRÿѭӧFăQYjR
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21
QJKLrQFӭX[iFÿӏQKWӹOӋWLrXKyDWKӵFFӫDSURWHLQYjD[LWDPLQ%ӣLYuӣUXӝWQRQ
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[24@0һWNKiFTXiWUuQKOrQPHQYLVLQKYұWӣPDQKNӃWWUjQJFӫDOӧQVRQJKjQK
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QӝLVLQK7ӹOӋWLrXKyDWKӵFOjWӹOӋWLrXKyDKӗLWUjQJÿmÿѭӧFKLӋXFKӍQKFKRFiF
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TXDFҫXQӕLÿӇSKkQWtFKOѭӧQJGLQKGѭӥQJFzQOҥLWӯÿyWtQKÿѭӧFNӃWTXҧWѭѫQJWӵ
QKѭSKѭѫQJSKiSWUrQ
˰XQK˱ͫFÿL͋P3KѭѫQJSKiS[iFÿӏQKWӹOӋWLrXKyDKӗLWUjQJ ORҥLWUӯÿѭӧF
ҧQKKѭӣQJFӫDVLQKNKӕLYLVLQKYұWUXӝWJLjFyÿӝFKtQK[iFFDRQKѭQJWLӃQKjQK
NKiSKӭFWҥS3KѭѫQJSKiSÿzLKӓLSKҧLFyWD\QJKӅOjPSKүXWKXұWYLӋFFKăPVyF
VDXPәSKҧLFKXÿiRÿӇEҧRYӋVӭFNKӓHOӧQWKtQJKLӋPYjNK{QJҧQKKѭӣQJWӟL
KRҥWÿӝQJWLrXKyDEuQKWKѭӡQJ+ѫQQӳDÿzLKӓLFKҩWOѭӧQJFӫDӕQJGzSKҧLÿѭӧF
VҧQ[XҩWEҵQJYұWOLӋXWӕWNK{QJJk\SKҧQӭQJNtFKӭQJFKRYӃWPәGӉOLӅQVҽR7X\
QKLrQSKѭѫQJSKiSQj\FNJQJNK{QJORҥLWUӯÿѭӧFWӹOӋQLWѫQӝLVLQKYjQLWѫWURQJ
SURWHLQWKӯDFӫDWKӭFăQEӏYLNKXҭQSKkQKӫ\Jk\WKӕLOjEDRQKLrX9uWKӃW\WKHR
ÿLӅXNLӋQWKӵFWӃPjSKѭѫQJSKiSWKXSKkQKD\WKXFKҩWWKҧLKӗLWUjQJYүQÿѭӧF
QKLӅXWiFJLҧVӱGөQJWURQJFiFQJKLrQFӭXWLrXKyDKLӋQQD\

22
- +LӋQ QD\QJѭӡLWDiSGөQJQJX\rQWҳF[k\GӵQJPүXFkQEҵQJD[LWDPLQOê
WѭӣQJGӵDYjRPүXFkQEҵQJD[LWDPLQFӫDVӳDYjFyPүXFkQEҵQJD[LWDPLQJҫQ
JLӕQJYӟLPүXFkQEҵQJD[LWDPLQFӫDFѫWKӇFNJQJQKѭSURWHLQWtFKONJ\WURQJP{
QҥF FӫD Fѫ WKӇ WURQJ WKӡL NǤ VLQK WUѭӣQJ 7ӯ QJX\rQ WҳF Qj\ FiF WiF JLҧ $5&
(1981)[55]; Fuller và cs (1989)[76]; Wang (1989)[123]; Chung và Baker
(1992a)[68]; Cole (1992)[70@ÿmQJKLrQFӭXWKHRP{KuQKSURWHLQOêWѭӣQJGӵD
WUrQPӕLTXDQKӋYӟLO\VLQHÿѭӧFFRLOj4XDWKӵFQJKLӋP, FiFWiFJLҧÿѭD
ÿӃQWKӕQJQKҩWFKXQJFiFD[LWDPLQWKLӃW \ӃXWURQJPүXSURWHLQOêWѭӣQJFӫDOӧQ
VLQKWUѭӣQJOj
Lysine:
100
Methionine
26
Phenylalanine

49
Threonine:
65
Isoleucine:
50
Tryptophan:
19
Methionine + Cysteine:
55
Leucine:
100
Arginine:
42
Phenylalanine+Tyrosine:
100
Histidine:
33
Valine:
70
0һWNKiF, YLӋF[k\GӵQJPүXFkQEҵQJD[LWDPLQOêWѭӣQJFҫQ[iFÿӏQKFKһW
FKӁ Yj WRjQ GLӋQ QKX FҫX O\VLQH FӫD OӧQ ӣ WӯQJ JLDL ÿRҥQ VLQK WUѭӣQJ 1KX FҫX
O\VLQHJLҧPNKLNKӕLOѭӧQJOӧQWăQJOrQQJRjLUDQKXFҫXO\VLQHFzQSKөWKXӝFYjR
WLӅPQăQJGLWUX\ӅQFӫDFRQJLӕQJWtQKELӋWPDYөYjPӕLTXDQKӋJLӳDO\VLQHYӟL
QăQJOѭӧQJ
1KѭYұ\[iFÿӏQKÿѭӧFPүXSURWHLQOêWѭӣQJVӁJLҧPÿѭӧFSURWHLQWәQJVӕ
FӫDNKҭXSKҫQWăQJWӕFÿӝVLQKWUѭӣQJJLҧPFKLSKtWKӭFăQNJNKӕLOѭӧQJYjJLҧP
OѭӧQJ QLWѫ WKҧL WLӃW ӣ SKkQ QѭӟF WLӇX KҥQ FKӃ { QKLӉP P{L WUѭӡQJ ³Protein lý
WѭӣQJ´ OjPӝWFKӍWLrXTXDQWUӑQJJL~SFiFFKX\rQJLDGLQKGѭӥQJNLӇPVRiWSURWHLQ
WәQJVӕQăQJVXҩWVҧQ[XҩWJLiWKjQKWKӭFăQYj{QKLӉPP{LWUѭӡQJ7X\QKLrQ
FҫQFK~êVӱGөQJFiFD[LWDPLQWURQJPүXSURWHLQOêWѭӣQJӣGҥQJOӧLGөQJÿѭӧF

WӕWQKҩWOjFiFD[LWDPLQWLrXKyDKӗLWUjQJ
&˯VͧNKRDK͕FFͯDYL͏FJL̫PWͽO͏SURWHLQWURQJWKͱFăQWUrQF˯VͧV͵GͭQJ
FiFD[LWDPLQW͝QJKͫS
+LӋQQD\[XKѭӟQJVӱGөQJNKҭXSKҫQăQJLҧPPӭFSURWHLQWK{FyEәVXQJ
các axit amiQWәQJKӧSÿDQJÿѭӧFQJKLrQFӭXQKLӅXWUrQWKӃJLӟLWUrQFѫVӣWXkQWKӫ

23
FiFQJX\rQWҳFFѫEҧQ7KӭQKҩWFKӍVӱGөQJD[LWDPLQWәQJKӧSNKLD[LWDPLQFzQ
WKLӃXWURQJWKӭFăQ7KӭKDLYLӋFEәVXQJD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXWKӭKDLVӁNK{QJKLӋX
TXҧQӃXD[LWDPLQ WKLӃW\ӃXWKӭQKҩWNK{QJÿӫWKұPFKtFzQJk\KұXTXҧ[ҩXĈӕL
YӟLOӧQ WKӭWӵFӫDD[LWDPLQWKLӃW \ӃXWKӭQKҩWQKuYjEDWURQJNKҭXSKҫQJӗP
1J{ ÿұX WѭѫQJ Oj O\VLQH WKUHRQLQH Yj WU\SWRSKDQ 7X\ QKLrQ NKL WLӃS WөF JLҧP
OѭӧQJSURWHLQWURQJNKҭXSKҫQFy EәVXQJÿӫO\VLQHFK~QJWDWKҩ\VLQKWUѭӣQJFӫD
OӧQYүQEӏJLҧPĈyOjGRFiFD[LWDPLQWKLӃW\ӃXNKiFÿmEӏWKLӃXNKLJLҧPWӹOӋ
SURWHLQWKӭFăQ&K~QJWDFyWKӇNKҳFSKөFKLӋQWѭӧQJQj\EҵQJYLӋFEәVXQJWKrP
WKUHRQLQH WU\SWRSKDQ Yj PHWKLRQLQH WәQJ KӧS FQJ YӟL O\VLQH 9ҩQ ÿӅ Qj\ ÿѭӧF
FKӭQJ PLQK FӫD QKLӅX WiF JLҧ QKѭ Kim và cs (1983)[92;93], Kirchgessner và cs
(1985)[132], Izquierdo và cs (1988) [88], Schutte và cs (1988)[116], Friesen và cs
(1994)[74], Fuller (1991)[77], Loughmiller và cs (1998) [103], Fuller (1994)[78],
Lee và cs (1998) [99], Guzik và cs (2002)[83].
9LӋFEәVXQJD[LWDPLQWәQJKӧSÿҧPEҧRFkQÿӕLD[LWDPLQVӁJL~SFҧLWKLӋQ
FKҩWOѭӧQJSURWHLQWURQJNKҭXSKҫQĈӕLYӟLNKҭXSKҫQFyWӹOӋSURWHLQWK{JLҧPÿL
QKѭQJYүQFkQÿӕLFiFD[LWDPLQWURQJSURWHLQWURQJP{KuQKSURWHLQOêWѭӣQJFKR
OӧQWKuKLӋXTXҧSURWHLQWăQJOrQPӭFQLWѫÿjRWKҧLUDP{LWUѭӡQJVӁJLҧPÿL7X\
QKLrQÿӕLYӟLNKҭXSKҫQFyPӭFSURWHLQWKҩSWKuFKӍEәVXQJO\VLQHNK{QJJk\WUӣ
QJҥLOӟQGRJLiWLӅQFӫDO\VLQHNK{QJFDR1KѭQJNKLFK~QJWDJLҧPPӭFSURWHLQ
WURQJNKҭXSKҫQQKLӅXKѫQWKuSKҧLEәVXQJQKLӅXD[LWDPLQNKiFQJRjLO\VLQHQKѭ
PHWKLRQLQH WKUHRQLQH Yj WU\SWRSKDQ WKu FKL SKt WKӭF ăQ VӁ WăQJ OrQ GR JLi FӫD
PHWKLRQLQHWKUHRQLQHYjÿһFELӋWWU\SWRSKDQFzQNKá cao.
ѬX ÿLӇP QәL EұW FӫD YLӋF Vӱ GөQJ NKҭX SKҫQ Fy PӭF SURWHLQ WKҩS QKѭQJ

ÿѭӧF Eә VXQJ WKrP D[LW DPLQWәQJ KӧS FKR OӧQOj Vӵ WiF ÿӝQJ WtFK FӵF ÿӃQ P{L
WUѭӡQJYj ÿDQJ Oj[X KѭӟQJ WӕWQKҩW ÿӇJLҧLTX\ӃWYҩQÿӅ{ QKLӉP FKҩW WKҧL QLWѫ
trong FKăQ QX{LOӧQ&iFQJKLrQFӭX ӣWUѭӡQJĈҥL KӑF.HQWXFN\ÿmFKӭQJPLQK
ÿѭӧFUҵQJYLӋFÿjRWKҧLQLWѫÿmJLҧPWӯ-NKLJLҧPÿLSURWHLQWәQJVӕFӫD
NKҭXSKҫQFyEәVXQJWKrPO\VLQHYjOѭӧQJQLWѫWKҧLJLҧPÿL-NKLJLҧP
SURWHLQWәQJVӕYjEәVXQJWKrPD[LWDPLQ+jPOѭӧQJDPRQLDFYjFiFNKtWKҧL

24
NKiFWӯSKkQFNJQJJLҧPÿiQJNӇNKLVӱGөQJNKҭXSKҫQFyPӭFSURWHLQWKҩSÿѭӧF
EәVXQJWKrPFiFD[LWDPLQWәQJKӧS
9̭Qÿ͉V̫Q[X̭WYjͱQJGͭQJD[LWDPLQW͝QJKͫSWURQJFKăQQX{LOͫQ
9LӋFVҧQ[XҩWYjVӱGөQJFiFD[LWDPLQWәQJKӧSOjPWKӭFăQFKRJLDV~Fÿm
GLӉQUD WURQJNKRҧQJ QăPQD\1Jj\QD\FiFD[LWDPLQQKѭ/-lysine HCl, L-
threonine và L-WU\SWRSKDQ ÿӅX ÿѭӧF VҧQ [XҩW EҵQJ SKѭѫQJ SKiS OrQ PHQ '/
0HWKLRQLQHFKӍVҧQ[XҩWEҵQJFRQÿѭӡQJKyDKӑF%ҵQJYLӋFÿѭDJOXFRVHKRһFÿѭӡQJ
Yj FiF FKҩW GLQK GѭӥQJ NKiF QKѭ PXӕL DPPRQLXP VXOIDWH FKҩW FXQJ FҩS QLWѫ
NKRiQJYjYLWDPLQHYjRP{LWUѭӡQJQX{LFҩ\FiFFKӫQJYLVLQKYұWÿһFWUѭQJFKR
YLӋFVҧQ[XҩWWӯQJD[LWDPLQQJѭӡLWDWKXÿѭӧFFiFD[LWDPLQWURQJP{LWUѭӡQJQX{L
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25
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