nghiên cứu thời vụ và các biện pháp kỹ thuật trồng bông năng suất cao phù hợp với các vùng đồi núi ở lai châu

BQ CONG THUDNG
CONG TY CO PHAN BONG
MI^N
BAG
BAO
CAO
TOMG
K^r
De
tai:
"NGHIEN
ctru THdl
VU VA CAC
BI$N
PHAP KY THUAT
TRONG BONG NANG SUAT CAO PHU HOP
V6l
CAC VUNG
DOI NUI
6
LAI CHAU"
Thuc hien theo Hgp ddng sd
115.09
RD/HD-KHCN ky ngay 04
thing
03
nam 2009 giira
Bd
Cdng thuong va Cdng ty
Co
phan Bdng Miln Bac

Ca quan
chO
tri:
Cong ty
Co
phan Bong Mien Bac
ChO
nhiem de tai: KS. Phan Quoc Hien
Can bo chinh tham gia
thurc
hien:
KS. Nguyen Chi Thanh
KTV. Nguyen Van
Dinh
KTV. Nguyen Van Trung
Ha
Noi, thing 12 nam 2009
:^^m
MUC LUC
• •
Noi
dung Trang
Bieu thong tin 1
Phan 1: Dat van de 2
r
F y
1.1. Tinh cap thiet cua de tii 2
1.2.
Muc tieu
ciia

de tai 3
1.2.1.
Muc tieu khoa hgc cdng nghe 3
1.2.2.
Muc tieu kinh te xa hdi 3
1.3.
Thdi gian va dia diem nghien cuu 4
Phan 2: Tong quan tai lieu 5
2.1.
Nhimg nghien
ciiu
ve thdi vu gieo bdng 5
2.2.
Nhumg nghien
ciiu
ve mat do gieo trdng 5
2.3.
Nhimg nghien cuu ve lieu lugng phin bdn 8
2.4. Nhimg nghien cuu ve bien phip bim nggn tia cinh 9
2.5.
Nhiing nghien cuu ve
sir
dung thudc trir cd tren cay bdng 10
2.6.
NC va ap dung cic BP ky thuat tdng hgp trong canh tic bdng
11
Phan 3: Vat lieu, noi dung va
phvong
phap nghien
ciru

13
3.1.
Vat lieu nghien ciru
13
3.2. Noi dung nghien
ciiu
14
3.3.
Phuang phap nghien cuu 14
3.3.1.
Thi nghiem
1
14
3.3.2. Thi nghiem 2 15
3.3.3.
Thi nghiem 3 15
3.3.4. Thi nghiem 4 16
3.3.5.
Thi nghiem 5 17
3.4. Cic chi tieu theo doi
18
3.5.
Phuang phip canh tic trong thi nghiem 19
3.6. Phuang phip
sii
ly sd lieu 20
Phan 4: Ket qua nghien
cihi
va thao luan 21
4.1.

Die
diem thdi tiet khi hiu
ciia
Phong Tho - Lai Chau
21
4.2.
NC inh hudng
ciia
thdi vu gieo
din
STPT vi ning suit
VNO 1
-2
24
4.2.1.
NC inh hudng
ciia
thdi vu gieo
din
STPT
ciia
gidng
VNO 1
-2 24
4.2.2.
Nghien cuu inh hudng
ciia
thdi vu gieo den siu benh hai 25
4.2.3.
Cic yeu td cau thinh nang suit vi ning suat bdng

VNO
1-2 26
F
4.3.
Sii
dung thudc diet cd trudc
liic
gieo bdng 28
4.4.
Nghien
ciiu
inh hudng
miic
phin bdn den STPT bdng
VNO
1-2 30
4.5.
Nghien
ciiu
anh hudng
ciia
mat do gieo vi cich gieo 32
4.5.1.
Nghien
ciiu
inh hudng
ciia
mat do gieo trong dieu kien gieo hing 33
4.5.2.
Ngliien

ciiu
inh hudng
ciia
mat do gieo trong dieu kien gieo so le 35
4.6.
De xuat mot sd bien phip ky thuit bd sung cho quy trinh ky thuit 39
sin xuat bdng nang suit cao tai Phong Thd - Lai Chau.
Phan 5 : Ket luan va de nghi 41
5.1.
Ket
luan 41
5.2. Dl nghi 41
Phan 6: Tai lieu tham khao 42
A. Tii lieu Tiing Viet 42
B.
Tii lieu Tieng
nude
ngoii 43
Phu luc
1:
Mot sd ylu to khi tugng Mudng Lay thing
4-11/2009
Phu luc 2, 3, 4
Phu luc 5, 6, 7
F F
Phu luc: Sd lieu phan tich dat
BIEU THONG TIN
1.
Ten de tii: Nghien
cim

thdi vu vd cdc bien phdp ky thudt trong
bong ndng sudt cao
phii
hop viing ddi nid Lai Chau.
2.
Ma sd:
3.
Thdi gian thuc hien dl tai:
Tir
thing
01/2009 din hit
thing
12/2009.
4.
Hg va ten
chii
nhiem de tii: Phan Qudc Hien
Hgc ham, hgc vi, chuyen mdn: Ky su ndng hgc
Chiic vu: Phd Tdng Giim doc; Dien thoai:
04.39719514
5.
Co quan
chii
tri: Cdng ty Cd phin Bdng Mien Bic
Dia chi: Sd 6 Nguyen Cdng Tni - Hi Ndi; Dien thoai:
04.39722132
6. Kinh phi thuc hien: 250.000.000 ddng (Hai trim nam muai trieu ddng)
7.
Danh sich nhiing ngudi thuc hien chinh
Stt Hg vi ten Hgc him, hgc vi chuyen mdn

1-
Phan Qudc Hien Ky su Ndng hgc
2-
Nguyen Van Trung Ky su Ndng hgc
4-
Nguyen Chi Thinh Ky su Ndng hgc
5-
Nguyen Van Dinh Ky thuat vien
8. Muc tieu nghien cuu:
Xic dinh mot sd bien phip ky thuit
phii
hgp trong sin xuat bdng tai viing
niii
Phong Thd gdp pin hoin thien qui trinh ky thuit tham canh bdng ning suit cao
phii
hgp vdi dieu kien dat dai vi trinh do canh tic vi tip quin cua ddng bio din tdc Lai
Chau.
9. Ndi dung nghien
ciiu:
- Nghien
ciiu
inh hudng cua cic thdi vu gieo den den sinh trudng phit trien vi
ning suit bdng lai
VNOl-2.
- Nghien
ciiu
inh hudng
ciia
cic bien phip ky thuit: xu ly thudc diet cd trudc khi
gieo,

mat do gieo, khoang cich gieo; lugng phin
bdn den
sinh trudng phit trien vi
nang suit bdng
VNOl-2.
PHAN 1
DAT VAN DE
1.1.
Tinh
cap thiet
ciia
de tai
Phong Tho li huyen mien niii nam d phia Tay cua tinh Lai Chau cd tdng
dien
tich dat tu nhien li 825,04 km , trong dd dat sin xuat ndng nghiep
65.119,01
ha chiem 78% dien tich dit tu nhien, cd tdng dan sd li 62.518 ngudi,
mat do dan 76 ngudi/km (sd lieu nim 2008). Phong Thd la viing cd khi hiu
die
trung khd va ndng, cd dat dai phii hgp cho sin xuit ngd, diu do vi cay bdng vii.
Phong Thd cd
17
xa 1 thi tran, nai cd cic dan tdc anh em cung chung song la
F F
Thai, Kinh, Kha
mii,
Dao vi Mdng. Trong do ngudi dan tdc Thii chiem da sd,
vdn cd tinh can cu, chiu khd va cd truyen thdng trdng bdng det vii tir lau ddi.
Trudc day ddng bio din tdc trdng gidng bdng cd dia phuang de tu
tiic

vii mac,
\
7 7 7
S
chan man, quan io, det hing thd cim nhung hien nay do sin pham vii, quin
io,
chin min sin xuat nhieu, gii ci re phu hgp vdi
tiii
tien
ciia
ngudi ndng din
va dugc van chuyen den bin khip mgi noi nen ngudi dan mua rat thuan tien.
Mat khic, dong bao trdng giong bdng cd dia phuang cho ning suit thap 4-5
ta/ha, chit lugng xa khdng dim bio, chieu dii xa ngin (trung bmh chi dat
15-17
mm) khdng dip
iing
yeu cau cho che bien cdng nghiep, han niia gii ci thap nen
sin xuit bdng dia phuang ngiy bi mai mot, dien tich ngay cing bi thu hep.
y F
F
Nam 2007, Cdng ty Bdng mien Bac da dua cic gidng bdng lai
VNI5,
VNOl-2 trdng thu tai mot sd xa tren dia ban huyen Phong Thd, Than Uyen vdi
dien tich 50 ha. Ket qui cay bdng sinh trudng phit trien tdt cho nang suit trung
/
t
binh dat 13-14 ta/ha. Cdng ty da thu mua het toin bd sin pham kip thdi cho ba
F F
F

y
con, bdi vay ndng dan rat phan khdi, mong mudn md rgng dien tich trdng bdng.
Ndng dan ndi chung va ngudi trdng bdng ndi rieng ludn mong muon cd
dugc thu nhap cao
tir
cay trdng
ciia
minh. Trong nhiing nam gin day
siic
canh
tranh
ciia
mot sd cay trong
cimg
thdi vu vdi cay bdng ngay cang manh, nhat la
cay ngd lai. Vdi dieu kien
khi
hau thdi tiet
phii
hgp cho sinh trudng phit triln
cua ciy bdng vi tiem ning dit dai khi ddi dao ci ve quy md dien tich vi do miu
md (dat sin xuat ndng nghiep
65.119,01
ha), dd li nhimg dilu kien co bin cho
phep md rgng viing sin xuat bdng tai Phong Thd.
De sin xuit bdng tai Lai Chau ngiy cing md rgng vi phit trien thi viec
nghien cuu cic bien phip ky thuit (mdi don giin,
phii
hgp vdi dilu kien, tip
quin cua ddng bio dan tdc) lam cin

cii
khoa hgc bd sung hoin thien qui trinh
sin xuat bdng cho vimg mien mii li het
siic
cin thilt.
Xuit phit hi yeu ciu thuc tien tren, chiing tdi tiln hinh thuc hien dl tii
"Nghien
ciru thdi vu vd cdc bien phdp ky thudt trdng bdng ndng sudt cao
phii
hap vdi viing ddi niii Lai Chdu "
1.2. Muc tieu cua de tai
1.2.1.
Muc tieu khoa
hpc
cong nghe
Xac dinh mot sd bien phip ky thuat phu hgp trong sin xuit bdng tai viing
mil Phong Thd gdp phan hoan thien quy trinh ky thuat tham canh bdng nang
F y
F >
suit cao phu hgp vdi dieu kien dit dai, trinh do canh tic vi tip quin cua ddng
bao dan tdc tinh Lai Chiu.
1.2.2. Muc tieu kinh te - xd hoi
- Tren ca sd ket qui nghien
ciiu
cic giii phip ky thuit ap dung vio sin
xuat se gdp phan nang cao ning suit, hieu qui kinh te cua cay bdng, tir dd
khuyen khich ndng din manh dan trdng bdng, thiic day viec md rgng dien tich
F
vi ting sin lugng bdng xo cung cap cho nginh cdng nghiep Det - May trong
nude.

- Giiip ndng dan mien
niii
Phong Thd - Lai Chiu cd ca hdi tiep can vdi
nhimg bien phip ky thuit mdi trong tham canh bdng ndi rieng vi ciy trdng ndng
F F
nghiep ndi chung, trang bi cho ndng din kien thiic vi kinh nghiem sin xuat, tren
F y F y
ca sd do ngudi dan nhan thay viec dau tu thim canh trong sin xuat bdng nhim
F F y F
nang cao nang suit, tang thu nhap, tao viec lim li het
sire
can thiet.
1.3. Thdi gian va dia diem nghien
cihi
- Thdi gian nghien cuu: tir thing
1
den thing 12 nim 2009.
7
^^
-
Dia
diem nghien
ciiu:
Tai bin Nam Ciy xa Hoang Then, bin Phai Cit
xa Khdng Lao vi ban Hgp I xa Bin Lang, huyen Phong Thd - tinh Lai Chiu.
PHAN
2
TONG QUAN TAI LIEU
2.1.
Mot so ket qua nghien

ciru
ve thdi vu gieo bong trong va ngoai
nirdc
Thdi vu gieo trdng cd tinh chat quyet dinh tdi nang suit ciy bdng. Viec
xac djnh thdi vu an toin, thdi vu gieo bdng thich hgp ciing li mot vin de phiic
tap,
chiu su chi phdi cua hing loat cic yeu td nhu dieu kien khi hau thdi tiet,
die
tinh gidng, tap quin canh tic, quy luat phit sinh phit trien cic
loii
sau benh hai
trong nam. Tuy nhien, vdi nhiing viing trdng bdng hoan toan dua vio
nude
trdi
F F F F
thi yeu td chinh quyet dinh thdi vu li lugng mua vi
sir
phin bd mua trong nim.
O cic viing trdng bdng d
vT
do cao,
miia
ddng cd tuyet, phii dgi nhiet do
dat cao tren 13-14 C mdi bat dau gieo. Ndng dan viing luu vuc song Duong Tir -
F F F F
Trung Qudc gieo bdng vio giura tiet cdc vii den lap ha tir 21/4 - 6/5. Nhung d
cac
nude
chau Phi, mudn dat nang suit cao phii gieo bdng sdm vio
liic

cd cic
tran mua dau tien (Le Song Du, 1996).
Ket qua nghien
ciiu
cua Choi B.H
(1973)[13]
tai viing Phan Rang, thdi vu
gieo bdng tdi thich thudng li giua thing 8 diu thing 9,
tiic
khoing 2-3 tuin
trudc khi
miia
mua bit dau. Neu gieo vio thing 6, thing 7, thdi ky thu hoach se
rai vao mua mua, neu gieo vio thing 10 ciy bdng con cd the hi thiet hai bdi
mua
Idn
vi
iing
ngap, ciy sinh trudng cdi cgc, rung dai, nu, hoa va qui.
Tic gii Dinh Quang Tuyen va ctv (2006) nghien
ciiu
tai Ninh Thuan, Tay
Nguyen vi Ddng Nam Bd cho thay: trong dieu kien trdng bdng nhd
nude
trdi,
gieo bdng sdm vao dau thing 7 hoac gieo mudn vao dau thing 8 deu cho nang
suat bdng thip han so vdi chinh vu vio giiia thing 7.
Cic nghien cuu gin day nhit cua Phdng khoa hgc& Cdng nghe Cdng ty
bong mien Bic cho thiy thdi vu trdng bdng tai cic tinh phia Bac dao ddng trong
khoang tir 5/5

din
5/6 duang lich, rieng vung mil Tiy Bac gieo bdng tu 5/5
din
25/5 cho nang suit cao.
2.2.
Mot so nghien
cihi
ve mat do gieo trong bong
Mat do li ylu to quan trgng inh hudng rat
Idn
den cic ylu td cau thinh
nang suit va cic chi tieu sinh ly khic lien quan den ning suit. Tuy theo dilu
kien dat dai, khi hau va dieu kien canh tic
ciia
viing, vdi moi giong muon phit
huy het tiem nang nang suit thi cin phii xic dinh dugc mat do tdi thich. Theo
Ly Vin Binh va Phan Dai Luc
(1991),
d Trung Qudc muon ning cao ning suit
bdng trudc het phii quan tam den dien tich li, phii dieu chinh hoat ddng quang
hgp d cay bdng lien quan den dieu kien ngoai cinh De cd chi sd dien tich li
toi uu, ngudi ta cd the dung cic bien phip ky thuat nhu dilu chinh mat do gieo
trdng, phan bdn, che do
nude
tudi
[2].
F
y
t F
Tren the gidi, mat do gieo trdng cho bdng thay ddi rat

Idn,
phu thudc
y F
y
f%i
nhieu vao gidng, dieu kien sinh thii va canh tic cua mdi vimg. Nghien cuu tic
ddng qua lai giira gidng vi mat do d Bet Dagan thudc ddng bing ven bien cua
Israel cho thay, cic gidng bdng cd dang hinh ggn, chin sdm nhu Tamcot
SP37
cho nang suit cao nhat d mat do 2,4 van cay/ha trong khi nhiing gidng chin
mugn nhu Acala SJ-2 cho nang suit cao d mat do 8,0 van ciy/ha.
Cic thi nghiem tien hinh tren nen dit den d
Bijapur-Kamataka,
trong dieu
kien nhd
nude
trdi ngudi ta nhin thiy, ning suit bdng hat khdng bi inh hudng
bdi khoing cich hang. Trdng bdng d mat do 1,8 van ciy/ha cho ning suit bdng
hat cao han so vdi mat do
1,2
van ciy/ha, nhung sai khic khdng cd y nghia d
mat do 2,5 van ciy/ha.
Gidng bdng DBS
119
trdng trong dieu kien cd tudi vi trdng nhd
nude
trdi,
nang suit bdng dat cao nhat vdi khoing cich hing 96,5 cm, diy cung li
F
y

khoing
each
hang thuin
Igi
cho cdng tic thu hoach. Ket qui nghien
ciiu
ve mat
F
y
F
do tai Texas
ciia
Landivar cho thiy, khi ting mat do gieo trdng tu 3,7 den 5,5
cay/foot (tuang duang 12
din 18 ciy/lm^)
vdi khoing cich hing li 38 inch
(tuang duang 0,965 m) thi nang suit bdng cd xu hudng giam. Ong dua ra
khuyen cao ve mat do gieo trdng cho vimg niy la 30.000 den 60.000 ciy/miu
Anh
(hrang
duang 74.000
din
128.000 ciy/ha)
[18].
Theo Vii Cdng Hau, tai Viet Nam, doi vdi cic giong bdng
luoi
chi nen
gieo d mat do 4 van cay/ha. d nhiing vimg cd nhiet do cao vi do im khdng khi
cao thi khdng nen trdng qui diy. Gidng cd cinh qui dii mat do khdng dugc
vugt qui 3 den 4 van ciy/ha. Ddi vdi cic gidng cinh ngin cd

thi
trdng tdi 5 - 7
van cay/ha. Theo Nguyen Khac Trung, rugng bdng trdng vdi mat do qui cao,
cic cay mgc gin nhau qui, cinh li dan xen nhau se din den thilu inh sing,
rugng bdng khdng thdng thoing, do dd nan rung dii, nu xiy ra nghiem trgng
[7].
>
F
Trdng gidng bdng lai
LI
8,
vdi khoing cich hing cing hep (hay mat do
^
t*t
F
trdng cing day) dan den ty le qui thudc cinh
due
cing giim, ty le qui thudc
cinh qua cang tang vi ngugc lai. Mat do trdng 2,5 ciy/m (vdi khoing cich
Im
X
40 cm x
1
cay) cho nang suit cao, dat 24,32 ta/ha
(VG
Xuan Long, 2000).
F y
^
Le Quang Quyen vi Trin Thanh Diing khi nghien
ciiu tai

Quing Nam
F
y F
ciing cho thay: khi tang mat do gieo trdng thi thdi gian sinh trudng tir gieo den
tin thu ngin lai, sd qui/m vi nang suit ly thuyet cd xu hudng ting[6].
Tai
vimg
F
Duyen hii Nam Trung Bd
nude
ta, mat do cua gidng bdng lai
VNO
1-2 trong
dieu kien khdng xir ly PIX cho ning suit cao nhit li 7,5 van ciy/ha.
Theo Duong Xuan Dieu (2003) trong pham vi mat do nghien cuu tir 3,7
van ciy/ha den 12,5 van ciy/ha, khi ting mat do gieo trdng, cic chi tieu chieu
cao cay, chi so dien tich li tang theo
sir
tang cua mat do gieo trdng d mgi giai
doan. Sd
qui/m^
vi nang suit bdng dat tdi da d mat do 7,5 van ciy/ha, sau do
>
F F
Ft
giim dan. Mat do cho ning suit cao nhit niy
iing
vdi chi sd dien tich li tdi da li
F F
> >

4,12.
Khdi lugng qui va sd qui/ciy giim din theo chieu ting mat
dd[5].
Ciing
theo
Duong
Xuin Dieu (2003) cho hilt
kit
qui thuc nghiem ngoii sin xuit di
khing dinh diing din ciia cic
kit
qui nghien
ciiu
thu dugc. Mat do gieo trdng
F F
cing tang thi nang suit ciing ting theo (trong pham vi 3,6 den 7,65 van
cay/ha)[5].
Tai Dien Bien, bien phip gieo trdng vdi mat do hgp ly dugc ap dung d
hau het cic vimg trdng bdng, mat do gieo trdng phd bien tai Dien Bien dao ddng
tu 4,2 - 5 van ciy/ha nhu d Tuin Giio 4,2 van ciy/ha, cdn d Dien Bien Ddng
pho biln la 4,7 - 5,1 van ciy/ha (Bio cio dilu tra khio sit cua Phdng KH&CN
Cdng ty cd phin Bdng Mien Bic). Tuy nhien, viec ting mat do gieo trdng ngoii
thuc te rat han che do
miic
do diu tu tham canh cua ndng din cdn chua tuang
xiing
vdi viec ting mat do, nhit li khi gieo trdng vdi mat do cao hon nira. Trong
sin xuit bdng hien nay mat do gieo trdng ciing rit khic nhau tuy theo dieu kien
dat dai, khi hau, trinh do thim canh cua ndng din d mdi viing sin xuit, nhin
chung phd bien gieo vdi mat do tir 4,2- 5

ciy/m^.
2.3.
Mot so ket qua nghien
ciru
ve phan bon cho cay bong
F F F F F F
Phin bdn cd inh hudng den ning suit vi cic yeu td ciu thinh ning suit
F
"%
F F F
nhu sd qui/m , khdi lugng qui, nhung khdng inh hudng den chit lugng xo
y
F
F
bdng. Khi lugng dam bdn ting thi chieu cao ciy, sd cinh qui vi sd qui/cay
F F
ciing tang. Cic nghien
ciiu
cho thiy lugng phin bdn cho bdng dat
hieu
qui nhit
trong dieu kien trdng bdng thim canh cd phu ming polyethylene li
100kg
N +
40kg
P2O5
+ 50kg
K20/ha
.
Tai An Do, tren cic vimg bdng cd tudi ngudi ta bdn dam vdi lugng hon

100kg N/ha, ddi vdi bdng lai cd the bdn vdi lugng 320kg N/ha, ty le
N:P205:K20
thudng li 2:1:1 hoac 3:1:1 [19]. Khi ting lugng phin bdn thi so li,
sd hoa/ciy, chilu cao ciy vi ning suit bdng hat deu tang, tuy nhien khi vugt
qua lugng
135kg
N + 45kg
P2O5
+ 45kg
K20/ha
thi ning suit bdng ting khdng
ding
ke.
Cic
kit
qui nghien
ciiu
cua Vien Nghien ciru vi Phit trien cay bdng trong
nhirng nim qua da
kit
luan ty le phan
N:P205:K20
cd
thi sii
dung
dk,
bdn cho
bdng thich hgp d vimg sinh thii phia Nam li
2:1:1.
Nghien

ciiu
cua Vii Xuin Long cho thiy muc phin bdn cing cao ty le
thinh qua cing tang. Bdn phin vdi
miic
240 kg N + 80 kg
P2O5
+ 80 kg
KjO/ha
cho sinh trudng chilu cao ciy, so lugng hoa qui tren ciy, khdi lugng qui vi
F F
nang suit bdng cao nhat.
Lieu lugng phin bdn cing ting thi thdi gian sinh trudng hi gieo den tin
thu cd xu hudng dii han. Dong thdi sd qui/ciy, so
qui/m^
ning suat ly thuylt
tang. Tuy nhien, hieu qui kinh tl dat cao nhat d lilu lugng phin bdn 90 kg N +
45 kg
P2O5
-I- 45 kg
K20/ha.
Cic lilu lugng phin bdn khic nhau inh hudng
khdng ding kl den phim chit xo bdng (Le Quang
QuyIn,
Tran Thanh Diing
2003).
Tai viing Mai Son - Son La, theo tic gii Do Khic
Ngii
(2002) lugng phin
bdn cho giong bdng lai VN20 d
miic

120 kg N
-^
60 kg
P2O5
+ 60 kg
K2O
(ty le
2:1:1)
cho nang suit bdng hat vi hieu qui kinh te cao nhit.
^
1^
F
y F
Ket qui nghien
ciiu
khoa hgc vi thuc tien sin xuit bdng d mien Bac cho
F y F
thay: Tuy theo dieu kien dit dai tung viing vi trinh do thim canh cua ngudi din
de
lira
chgn
miic
phin bdn thich hgp trong khoing tu N
-i-
P2O5
+
K2O
tir 60 kg
+ 30 kg + 30 kg/ha
din

100 kg + 50 kg + 50 kg/ha vi bdn 3
lin/vu
cho nang suit
va hieu qui cao.
2.4.
Mot so ket qua nghien
ciru
ve bien phap bam ngon tia canh
Bam nggn (hay ngat nggn) li mot bien phip ky thuit rit quan trgng, do nd
anh hudng den tinh hinh sinh trudng vi nang suit cua ciy bdng. Bim nggn qui
sdm hay qui mudn deu giy ra hieu qui xiu. Vi neu bim nggn qui sdm, sd
lugng cinh qui it vi cinh nich lai phit trien manh. Cdn bim nggn mudn qui thi
khdng cd tic dung ting ning suit mi sd cinh qui vd hieu lai tang do nu hoa
rung nhieu.
Vien Khao
ciiu
Ndng Lim da tdng ket, nhirng noi bim nggn sdm, chi de
fv
F F F
lai tren cay 5-6 canh qui din den ning suit khdng cao. Nhirng nai bim nggn
qui mudn, de nhieu cinh qui nen ciy khdng du
sue
nudi, ddng thdi qui phia
tren thudng bi rung cdn nhiing qui phia dudi nhd vi khd nd. Tdm lai, bim nggn
^
F
sdm qua hay mugn qui deu cd hai cho ning suit bdng
[12].
F F
Nhirng nghien

ciiu
cua Hoing
Diic
Phuang cho thiy, nhd bim nggn tia
cinh mi ty le rung dii giim, ning suit ting ban ddi chiing khdng bim tir 5 -
12%
[10].
Cdn nghien
ciiu ciia
Khalifa, H. vi ctv tai Viet Nam thu dugc
kit
qui
ddi vdi cay bdng gidng MCU9, viec bim nggn vao giai doan 60 ngiy sau gieo
cd tic dung lim tang ning suit bdng trong ci vu mua va vu khd d
miic
cd y
nghia so sinh; tuy nhien viec bim nggn mudn d giai doan 80 - 100 ngiy sau
gieo da lim giim nang suat bdng so vdi ddi chiing khdng bim
[15].
Kit
qui nghien
ciiu
vl bim nggn tai Ddng Nai nim 1995 vi
1996
cho
F F
t ^
thay, viec bam nggn siu (de lai tren ciy 10 cinh qui) se lim giim ning suit
bdng so vdi doi chiing khdng bam. Cdn viec bim nggn mudn dl lai tren ciy
15

cinh qui, lim tang sd
qui/m^
vi ting nang suat bdng so vdi ddi chiing ve mat sd
tuyet ddi.
'
y
F
g,.,r
Ket qui nghien
ciiu ciia
Choi, B.H. ve thdi ky ngit nggn cho ciy bdng
gidng CAMD-2-2 cho thiy, viec ngit nggn sdm qui (40 ngiy sau gieo) se lim
^
F F
glim nang suit bdng. Ngat nggn vio giai doan 60 ngiy (tuang
iing
vdi 14 canh
qui/cay) cd tic dung lim ting nang suit bdng 16, 69% so vdi ddi chiing. Trii
lai,
viec ngat nggn mugn vio giai doan 70 ngiy sau gieo (tuang
iing
vdi
16
cinh
qui/cay) chi lim ting nang suat 8,36% so vdi khdng ngit [13].
Qua thuc tien sin xuit d cic viing trdng bdng phia Bac cGng di dua ra
khuyen cio chung la nen ip dung bim nggn cho nhung rugng bdng sinh trudng
manh, trdng diy du mat do, chieu cao ciy dat 90 cm vi hing bdng da khep tin.
hoac khi cay bdng dat 12 cinh qui cho nang suit bdng hat cao.
2.5. Mot so ket qua nghien

ciru
ve sit dung thuoc trir co tren cay bong.
F F
y
F r
Mot sd ket qui nghien
ciiu
ve thudc trir cd tren ciy bdng chu yeu dugc
thuc hien d phia Nam, tuy nhien ciing chua nhieu. Ket qui nghien
ciiu
cua Tran
Thanh Diing (2002) cho thay: Thudc trir cd thich hgp nhit li Ametrex 80WP
phun vdi lieu lugng 1,5 -
2,0kg/ha
trudc khi gieo bdng 7-10 ngiy cd hieu luc
phdng trir cd cao, cd uu diem li diet dugc mot sd cd niy mim cham nen cd hieu
luc keo dai den 60 ngay sau phun, vi trong hoin cinh diu tu thip chi cin phun
10
1 lan trong vu, sau dd lim cd bd sung khi cin thilt. Doi vdi bdng cd trong xen
dau tuang, sau khi gieo ciy xen phun loai thuoc tiln mgc mim Ronstar 25 EC
1,5 lit/ha hoac Comman 4 EC 0,5 lit/ha cho hieu qui trir cd cao
din
cudi vu,
khdng can phii lim cd bd sung [6].
Trong mot vai nim gan diy, Vien Nghien
ciiu
vi Phit triln ciy bdng da
chgn tao vi dua ra sin xuit mot so gidng bdng lai khing thudc trir cd nhdm
glyphosate nhu giong VN02-2, KN06-8 md ra hudng mdi cho viec viec
sii dimg

F F
thudc tru cd cho sin xuit bdng.
Viec nghien cuu sir dung thudc trir cd trong sin xuit bdng d phia Bic
dang trien khai nghien
ciiu,
nhung
chii
yeu li sir dung cic loai thudc diet cd d
7
F
giai
doan chuan hi dit, phun trudc khi gieo bdng
7-10
ngiy.
2.6. Mot so ket qua nghien
ciru
va ap dung cac bien phap ky thuat tong hgp
trong canh tac bong.
Viec ip dung tdng hgp cic bien phip ky thuit ddi vdi giong bdng lai
VN20 trong ci hai trudng hgp ting mat do, cd phun chit dieu hoi sinh trudng
X
F F F
hoac khdng tang mat do deu lim ting ning suit so vdi ddi chiing tu 24,28% den
37,12%
vi mang lai hieu qui kinh te cao,
Iii
thuin cao han ddi
chiing
tu 1,1
trieu den 1,9 trieu ddng/ha (Dinh Quang Tuyen, 2004).

Tai cic viing cd tiem ning thim canh bdng ning suit cao nhu Dien Bien,
Dien Bien Ddng, Tuin Giio; tuy nhien viec ip dung cic bien phip ky thuit tong
hgp trong sin xuat cua ndng hd chua cd hieu qui thuyet phuc vi chua nhieu [1].
Do dd, can nghien cuu ip dung tdng hgp cic bien phip ky thuit phu hgp vdi
dieu kien sin xuit ciia ddng bio mien mii.
Nghien
ciiu ciia
cic tic gii tren the
gidi
vi trong
nude
da cho thiy tuy
thudc vio gidng bdng,
die
diem khi hiu, dia hinh, ndng hoi thd nhudng vi trinh
t>i
y
do tham canh
ciia
mdi viing ma can gieo bdng vdi mat do vi cic bien phip ky
thuat thich hgp tic ddng
phii
hgp vdi dieu kien cua timg viing nhim dem lai hieu
qua cao. Ddi vdi vimg
niii
Phong Thd - Lai Chau, trdng bdng hoin toin nhd
11
nude
trdi. Bdng dugc gieo trdng vi sinh trudng phit trien trong
miia

mua nen
viec xudng gidng diing thdi vu, gieo bdng vdi mat do hgp ly, vi ip dung cic
>
F y
F
bien
phip ky thuat
phii
hgp vdi dieu kien sin xuit cua ddng bao din tdc li rit
^
F
can thiet.
12
PHAN
3
VAT LIEU, NOI DUNG VA
PHT/ONG
PHAP NGHIEN
ClTU
3.1.
Doi
tu-oTig
nghien
cihi
*
Gidng bdng VNOl-2:
- VNOl-2 li gidng bdng lai cua Vien nghien
ciiu
ciy bdng vi ciy
cd sgi, cd ngudn gdc tir td hgp lai

CS95/VN36p.
- Thdi gian sinh trudng: gieo den 50% ciy nd qui tir
115-120
ngiy
-
Die
tinh hinh thii: Cd tu 1-2 cinh
due,
mat do
Idng
tren li nhieu.
- Cd khi ning khing siu xanh vi riy xanh cao.
- Gidng cd khi ning thich nghi rgng.
- Ning suit bdng hat: tu 20 -30 ta/ha.
* Phan bdn:
-
Phin dam
Ure
(chiia46%N).
-
PhanNPK
(5:10:3) Lam thao.
- Phan KCl
(chiia
58% K20).
* Thuoc trir cd:
- Thuoc tru cd Gramoxone
20
SL :
-f-

Hoat chit: Paraquit
+ Do ddc: Nhdm 2
+ Co che tic ddng: Tiep
xiic
-I-
Cdng
dimg :
Diet cd trudc khi trdng, diet cd giiia hing, giura
ludng.
+ Luu y
:
Phun dinh hudng vio cd, trinh phun vio phin xanh cua ciy
- Thuoc tru cd Ally 20 DF :
+ Hoat chat:
Mesulfuron
methy.
Chi
phim dang huyen
phii
khd.
-I-
Do ddc: Thudc nhdm dgc 3
+ Ca che tic ddng:
Li thudc trii cd chgn lgc, ndi hap, hau niy mim.
13
Thudc xam nhap qua li vi di chuyen khip ciy cd
din
tin thin,
F
xw

gdc re.
+ Cdng dung : Diet cd hing nim, cd
liu
nim, cd li rgng
Thudc trir cd Bravo 480 SL :
+ Hoat chit: Glyphosate
La thudc trir cd khdng chgn lgc, hiu nay mim, pho tic ddng rgng
'
F
t>^
F
+ Ca che tic ddng: Ndi hip, luu din, dugc hap thu qua li.
+ Cdng dung : Diet cd li rgng, li hep hing nim vi liu nim.
3.2.
Noi dung nghien
ciru:
a/ Nghien
ciiu
inh hudng cua thdi vu gieo
din
sinh trudng phit trien va
F
nang suit bdng lai
VNO
1-2.
b/
Nghien ciru inh hudng cua cac bien phip ky thuat gieo nhu: mat do
gieo,
cich gieo, xir ly thudc diet cd trudc khi gieo, lugng phan bdn
din

sinh
trudng, phit trien vi ning suit bdng lai
VNOl-2.
3.3.
Phvong
phap nghien
ciru
- Phuong phip thi nghiem ddng rugng: Cic cdng thiic thi nghiem dugc
F
t
F
y
mj
y F
/St
bd tri theo kieu khdi diy du ngiu nhien, 3 lan nhic lai, dien tich mdi d
tiiy
thudc
vio timg thi nghiem. Cic thi nghiem dugc trien khai thuc hien tai 3 bin thudc 3
xa Khdng
lio,
Hoang Then vi Xi Bin Lang, huyen Phong Thd, tinh Lai Chiu.
Thi nghiem 1: Nghien cuu inh hudng cua thdi vu gieo den sinh trudng
phat trien vi nang suit bdng
VNOl-2.
Thi nghiem gdm 6 thdi vu (Cdng thiic)
Thdi vu
Tl:
Gieo ngiy 20/4; Thdi vu T2: Gieo ngiy 30/4
Thdi vu T3(d/c): Gieo ngiy 10/5; Thdi vu T 4: Gieo ngiy 20/5

Thdi vu
T5:
Gieo ngiy 30/5; Thdi vu T6: Gieo ngiy
10/6
__ '
F y
•*/
y F
Thi nghiem bd tri theo khdi diy du ngiu nhien, 3 lin nhac lai, dien tich
170
14
m
lb.
Dien tich toan thi nghiem 3500
m^
ke ci dien tich bio ve. Gidng bdng gieo
VNOl-2. Mat do gieo 5,5 van ciy/ha. Khoing cich gieo 40 - 45cm. Lugng phin
bdn: 100 kg Ure + 300kg NPK /ha. Cic bien phip canh tic khic theo qui trinh
sin xuat bdng cua nginh.
Thi
mhiem
2: Nghien cuu inh hudng cua mot sd loai thudc tru cd trudc
gieo.
Thi
nghiem gdm 4 cdng thiic:
CTl ( D/C) : Lim cd bing tay
CT2 : Gramoxone 20SL 2,5
lit/ka.
CT3 : Ally 20DF 67,5 g/ha
CT4 : Bravo 480 SL 2,5 lit/ha.

Thi nghiem bd tri theo kieu khdi diy du ngau nhien, 3 lin nhic lai, dien
tich 200
mVd.
Dien tich toin thi nghiem
2800m^
ke ci dien tich bio ve.
Thi
nghiem gieo bdng ngay
15/5/2009.
F
y
t
F
Phun thudc 1 lin vio ngiy 6/5/2009 (thdi diem phun thudc tru cd 10 ngiy
trudc khi gieo bdng, phun 30 binh/ha, mdi binh
12
lit, phun deu
true
tiep len ciy cd
Mat do gieo bdng 5,5 van cay/ha, khoing cich gieo 40 cm - 45 cm .
Lugng phan
bdn:
100kg Ure + 300kg NPK
/ha.
Bdn
Idt
300kg NPK
(5:
10:3)
Bdn thiic 2 lan: Lan

1
bdn 25 ngiy sau gieo vdi lugng phin 1/2 Ure ; Lin
2 bdn 55 ngay sau gieo bdn luong phin cdn lai.
Lam cd bing tay 2 lin,
kit
hgp xdi xio va bdn phin thiic.
Thi nshiem 3: Nghien cuu
inh
hudng mot sd
miic
phin bdn den sinh trudng
phat triln va nang suit bdng
VNOl-2.
- Thi nghiem gdm 5 cdng thuc (5 mirc phan):
+
PI
(D/C):
300kg NPK
hiang iing 15N
+
3OP2O5
+
9K2O
15
+ P2: 100 kg Ure + 300kg NPK hrang
iing 6IN
+ 30
P2O5+
9K2O.
+

P3:130kg
Ure +
300kg NPK
+ 25kg KCl tuong img
75N
+
3OP2O5
+
24K2O.
+
P4:
160kg
Ure +
300kg
NPK + 50kg KCl tuong
iing 88N + 3OP2O5
+
39K2O.
+
P5:190kg
Ure +
300kg
NPK + 75kg KCl tuang
iing
102N +
3OP2O5
+
54K2O.
- Thi nghiem bd tri theo kilu khdi diy du ngiu nhien, 3 lin nhac lai, dien
9

9
'
tich 200 m
16.
Dien tich toan thi nghiem
3500m
ke ci dien tich bio ve.
-
Thi
nghiem gieo ngiy 20/5/2009. Mat do gieo 5,5 van ciy/ha, khoing cich
gieo 42cm x 44cm x
Iciy.
-
Cich
bdn phin:
Bdn
Idt
trudc khi gieo lugng 300kg NPK (5:10:3).
Bdn thiic lan
1
sau gieo 25 ngiy: 50% Ure
+
50% KCL
Bdn thuc lan 2 sau gieo 50 ngiy: 50% Ure + 50% KCL
- Tia cinh
due
khi ciy bdng dat 35 ngiy tudi.
Thi nghiem 4: Anh hudng
ciia
mat do trong dieu kien trdng theo hing den

sinh trudng phit trien vi nang suit bdng
VNO
1-2:
- Thi nghiem gdm 4 cdng thiic (4 mat do):
CTl (D/C): 4,2 van ciy/ha (khoing cich gieo 80cm x 30cm x
Iciy)
CT2:
5,0 van ciy/ha (khoing cich gieo 80cm x 25cm x
Iciy).
CT3:
5,5 van cay/ha (khoing cich gieo 70cm x 26cm x
Iciy)
CT4:
6,0 van ciy/ha (khoing cich gieo 70cm x 24cm x
Iciy)
- Thi nghiem bd tri theo kilu khdi day
dii
ngau nhien, 3 lin nhic lai, dien
tich
lOOmVd.
Dien tich toin thi nghiem
1500m^
kl ci dien tich bio ve.
- Thi nghiem gieo ngiy 25/5/2009.
- Lugng phan bdn:
100kg
Ure + 300kg NPK/ha.
16
Thi nshiem 5: Anh hudng
ciia

mat do trong dieu kien trdng so le den sinh
trudng phit triln vi ning suat bdng
VNOl-2:
-
Thi
nghiem gdm 4 cdng thiic (4 mat do):
CTl (D/C): 4,2 van ciy/ha (khoing cich gieo 48cm x 50cm x
Iciy)
CT2:
5,0 van cay/ha (khoing cich gieo 45cm x 45cm ).
CT3:
5,5 van ciy/ha (khoing cich gieo 40cm - 45cm )
CT4:
6,0 van ciy/ha (khoing cich gieo 40cm x 40cm )
- Thi nghiem bd tri theo kieu khdi diy
dii
ngiu nhien, 3 lin nhic lai, dien
9 9
'
tich 100m
16.
Dien tich toin thi nghiem
1500m
ke ci dien tich bio ve.
- Thi nghiem gieo ngiy 25/5/2009.
- Lugng phan bdn:
100kg
Ure + 300kg NPK/ha.
/
*

Phuffng
phdp theo ddi ddnh gid ray xanh, benh xanh
liin,
benh moc
suffng.
»>f
benh dom
Id
(theo phuong phip thdng dung theo quy dinh cua nginh bdng).
* Riy xanh :
Theo ddi riy xanh dinh gii cip riy hai d thdi ky 60 - 70 ngiy sau gieo
bdng
(chii
yeu quan sit li d tang giira vi ting nggn cua ciy bdng).
Cap 0 : Li khdng hi hai.
Cap
1
: Li chdm cong vi cd bieu hien hi hai
Cip 2 : 1/3 sd li tren ciy hi cong vi cd bieu hien ving.
Cap 3 : 2/3 sd li tren ciy hi cong vi chuyen miu ving
Cap 4 : Toin bg li bi cong, ving vi chdm chiy.
F
A
7
Cap 5 : Li hi cong nhieu vi chuyen miu ving dd.
* Benh hai:
Dieu tra
100
cay/5 diem cheo gdc.vio thdi ky 70 - 80 ngiy sau gieo bdng,
tinh ty le benh (%) va chi so benh (%) theo cic cdng thiic sau:

17
A Tia.n)
TLBi%) = -xm(%)
;
CSB(%)=^
xlOO(o/o)
B B.K
Trong dd: A - Tdng sd miu hi benh.
t F
fsi
y
B - Tdng sd miu dieu tra.
a - Sd ciy hi benh d mdi cip.
F F F
n - Tn sd cip benh tuong
iing
vdi sd cay a.
7 F
z.
- Tong so.
F F F
K -
Tri
sd dai dien cap benh cao nhat.
F
Phin cip benh:
• Cap 0: Ciy khdng hi benh
• Cap
1:
1-5% dien tich li hi benh

F
• Cap 2:
>5-15%
dien tich li hi benh, hoac <5% dien tich li hi benh
va 5% sd qui thdi do benh.
• Cap 3:
>15-30%
dien tich li bi benh, hoac 5-15% dien tich li hi
benh va
10%
sd qui thdi do benh.
• Cip 4: >30-50% dien tich li bi benh, hoac
15
-30% dien tich li bj
benh va
15%
sd qua thoi do benh.
• Cip 5: >50% dien tich li bi benh, hoac 30-50% dien tich li hi
F F
benh vi 20% sd qui thdi do benh.
3.4.
Cac chi tieu theo ddi
- Cac chi tieu ve sinh trudng, hinh thii, ning suit vi siu benh hai tren ciy
bdng dugc quan
trie
theo phuong phip thdng dung theo quy dinh cua nginh
bong.
- Thdi gian sinh trudng (ngay): sd ngiy tu khi gieo den tan thu .
- Cac chi tieu sd cinh qui, cinh
due:

mdi d tien hinh theo ddi tren 20 ciy
a
f**
F F F
CO
dinh d 2 hing giira mdi d thi nghiem. Dem sd qui vio giai doan 50% sd ciy
cd qua dau tien nd.
18
- Chilu dii cinh qui: Do cic cinh qui
thii
3, 4 va 5 d thdi diem 50% so
cay cd qui diu tien nd.
- Mat do cay cudi vu: dem sd
ciy/m^
vio giai doan trudc khi thu hoach
lan
thii
nhit.
- Khoi lugng qui: moi d thu 50 qui dai dien d ting giiia, tren cinh qui 4 -
6, phai khd rdi can xic dinh khdi lugng qui.
- Benh xanh lim, benh ddm chiy li, benh moc suong: theo ddi d thdi ky
60 ngay sau gieo bdng.
- Ray xanh: Theo ddi riy xanh dinh gii cip riy hai d thdi ky 70 ngiy sau
gieo bdng.
Ft
y
- Nang suit thuc thu: tdng lugng bdng thu dugc qua cic lin thu hoach.
- Hieu qui kinh te cua cic cdng thiic thi nghiem: xic dinh tdng chi
phi
dau tu cho thi nghiem bao gdm chi phi vat tu, cdng lao ddng, chi phi phit sinh

khic;
tong thu tir mdi d thi nghiem sau dd xic dinh hieu qui kinh te.
3.5.
Phirong phap canh tac trong cac thi nghiem
- Cic thi nghiem dugc bd tri tren chin dit dai dien cho viing sin xuit vi
trong dieu kien phu thudc
nude
trdi hoin toin. Dit ddi cd dia hinh ddc (do ddc
ft
' ^
X
dudi 20 ), loai dat den thinh phin ca gidi trung binh, ting canh tic tir 30 - 40
cm (dit trdng ngd vu 2008).
F F
7
/
- Dit sau khi lim sach cd tien hinh xdi xio nhe, trdi mua du im tien hinh
gieo hat (trir thi nghiem sir dung thudc diet cd trudc
liic
gieo).
- Bdn
Idt
bang phin NPK Lim thao (5:10;3 ). Bdn thiic bing phin dam
ure va kali vio giai doan 25-30 ngiy ( 50% Ure + 50% KCl) vi 50 -55 ngiy sau
gieo (50% Ure + 50% KCl).
- Cic bien phip ky thuit canh tic khic deu dugc thuc hien tren co sd tuin
thu nguyen tic sai khic duy nhit cho timg thi nghiem.
19
3.6.
Phu-Qfng

phap
xu*
ly so lieu
Sd
lieu thi nghiem thu thip dugc tinh toin vi xir ly thong ke tren miy
tmh vdi phan mem chuyen dung MSTATC vi chuong trmh Microsoft Exel 5.0.
20
PHAN
4
KET QUA NGHIEN CUtJ VA THAO LUAN
4.1.
Dac diem thoi tiet khi hau cua huyen Phong Tho - Lai Chau:
Phong Thd cd
die
diem khi hiu ning ndng li viing nim giira 2 vung ndng
Than Uyen vi Mudng Lay, cd do cao so vdi mat bien va
die
dilm khi hau tuong
duong nhau. Do Tai Phong Thd khdng cd tram khi tugng thuy van, bdi vay
chiing tdi theo ddi cic yeu td
khi
tugng cua vimg Than Uyen vi Mudng Lay lim
ca sd cho viec nghien cuu.
Bing
1:
Mot sd yeu td khi tugng chinh tir thing 1 den thing
12
tai Than
Uyen - Lai Chau
(tuong

duong vdi Phong Thd ).
\Chi tieu
ThangV
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Lugng mua
(mm)
25
51
68
152
239
443
485
293
159
37
62
11
Nhiet do TB

(V)
14.9
16.4
19.5
22.7
24.5
25.4
25.4
25.4
24.5
22.5
18.9
15.6
Sd gid ning
(gio)
122.6
112.6
112.6
150.6
172.4
113.2
119.2
134.2
162.0
138.8
161.8
129.4
Do im
khdng
khi

TB (%)
76.6
76.6
78.4
78.8
81.8
85.6
87.4
86.8
81.8
81.0
80.5
74.4
Ngu6n:Cuc thong ke Lai Chdu so lieu trung binh 5 nam 2004 - 2008.
21
Qua nghien
ciiu
cic sd lugng khi tugng vi
die
diem sinh trudng phit
•
' '
7
trien
ciia
cay bdng cho thiy d diy cd the gieo bdng vio thing 4, thing 5. Giai
doan niy lugng mua trung binh thing dat
152
- 239 mm, mua khdng qui nhieu,
dii

do am trong dit nen gieo trdng khi thuin
Igi.
Ciy bdng ra nu hoa qui trong
cic thing 6,7 vi 8 giai doan niy lugng mua dat 293 - 485 mm vi nhiet do trong
cac thing dat 25,4° C li dieu kien thich hgp cho ciy bdng ra hoa, diu qui. Bdng
chin, nd qui vio cic thing 9,
10,
giai doan niy lugng mua giim hin tir
159mm
xuong 37mm, ddng thdi nhiet do trung bmh vin dat 23 -
24,5°C
thuin
Igi
cho
bdng nd qui va cdng viec thu hoach.
Bieu do
1:
Bieu do bieu mot sd yeu td khi tugng tir thing
Iden
thing
12
viing
Than Uyen
(tuong
duong vdi Phong Thd).
Bieu doi: Bieu do bilu diln mot
so'
yeu
to'
khi

tirgng
tiir
thang 1-12
viing
Than uyen (Tirong
dirang
vdi Phong Tho)
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
-•—
Thang
-•—
Luang
mua
Nhiet
d6
TB
' SO
gid
ning
(gid)
^K m ^ ^ ^ ^
V
•',i
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Thang
Nam 2009, thdi tiet khi thuin
Igi
cho sin xuit ndng nghiep ndi chung va
sin xuat bdng ndi rieng. Tai Mudng Lay (viing cd dieu kien tuong duong vdi
22