Chapter
Chapter 01:
01: Information
Information
Technology,
Technology, the
the Internet,
Internet,
and
and You
You
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mputing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You
Competencies
(Page 1 of 2)
• Explain the five parts of an information
system:
people, procedures, software, hardware, and
data.
• Distinguish between system software and
application software.
• Discuss the three kinds of system software
programs.
• Distinguish between basic and specialized
application software.
• Identify the four types of computers and the
four type of microcomputers.
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Competencies
(Page 2 of 2)
• Describe the different types of
computer hardware including the
system unit, input/output, secondary
storage, and communication devices.
• Define data and describe document,
worksheet, database, and
presentation files.
• Explain computer connectivity, the
wireless revolution, the Internet,
smartphone, and cloud computing.
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Introduction
• Computer competency refers to
acquiring computer-related skills
• Microcomputers are common tools in
all areas of life
• Web-based courses provide
alternatives for people who are
homebound or work odd hours
• The Web provides new ways to
communicate, to find people with
similar interests, and to purchase
goods
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Five Parts of an Information
System
1.
2.
3.
People
Procedures
Software
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4. Hardware
5. Data
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mputing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You
People
• Most important part of any system
• Contact is …
– Direct
– Indirect
• Computer uses
– Business & Entertainment
– Education & Medicine
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mputing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You
Software
• Software is another name for programs
• Two major kinds of software
– System Software
– Application Software
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System Software
• A collection of programs – not a single program
– Includes Operating System software, Utilities, and
Device Drivers
• Enables the application software to interact with the
hardware, and helps the computer manage its
resources
• Two best-known operating systems for
microcomputers are Windows 7 and Mac OS X
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Application Software
• End-user software
ã Two major categories
Basic applications
Specialized applications
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mputing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You
Hardware - Types of
Computers
ã
ã
ã
ã
Supercomputers
Mainframe computers
Minicomputers (or mid-range computers)
Microcomputers
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mputing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You
Microcomputer Types
• Desktop
• Media center syste
m units
ã Notebook or laptop
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ã
ã
ã
Netbooks
Tablet PC
Handheld
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mputing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You
Desktop Computers
• Desktop computers are small enough to fit
on top of or alongside a desk, yet are too
big to carry around
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mputing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You
Media Center System
Units
• Media center system units blur the line
between desktop computers and dedicated
entertainment devices
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Notebook or Laptop
Computers
• Notebook computers, also known as laptop
computers, are portable, lightweight, and
fit into most briefcases
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Netbooks
• Similar to notebook computers,
but …
–
–
–
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Smaller
Lighter
Less expensive
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mputing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You
Tablet PC
• In addition to a keyboard, a tablet PC allows
you to enter data, write notes, and select
commands using a pen stylus
• Handwritten data is digitized and converted
to standard text that can be further
processed by a word processor
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mputing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You
Handheld
• Handheld or palm computers, such as
Personal digital assistants (PDAs) and
smartphones, are amongst the smallest
computing devices
• These systems typically
combine pen input, writing
recognition, personal
organizational tools, and
communications capabilities
• Smartphones are cell phones
with wireless connections to
the Internet
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mputing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You
Microcomputer Hardware
• Four basic categories of equipment:
– System Unit
– Input/Output
– Secondary Storage
– Communications
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mputing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You
System Unit
• Two important components
–
–
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Microprocessor
Memory
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mputing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You
Input/Output Devices
• Common input devices are the keyboard
and the mouse
• Common output devices are printers and
monitors
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