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Cơ hội và thách thức của việt nam khi gia nhập kinh tế quốc tế

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Môn học: Kinh tế quốc tế I (chuyên ngành)
Lớp tín chỉ: Kinh tế quốc tế I _ 4
Lớp chuyên ngành: Kinh tế quốc tế 52 D
Nhóm 14:
1. Trần Thị Minh Hằng
2. Ngô Trang Ngân
3. Nguyễn Thanh Ngân
4. Đinh Thị Minh Ngọc
5. Nguyễn Mai Phương
6. Khuất Thị Tâm
CHỦ ĐỀ: CƠ HỘI VÀ THÁCH THỨC CỦA VIỆT NAM
KHI GIA NHẬP KINH TẾ QUỐC TẾ
1. Tổng quan về kinh tế quốc tế và hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế
 
  !"#
$
% &'(
2. Thực trạng hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế ở Việt Nam
 )*+,-).)
 )'-
% &/-
• 
• 0123
• &*4
5 )(-
• 
• 0123
• &*4
3. Định hướng và giải pháp nhằm thúc đẩy hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế
cho Việt Nam
% ."* --6-789,


'
% : $;789,'
PHẦN 1: TỔNG QUAN VỀ KINH TẾ QUỐC TẾ
VÀ HỘI NHẬP KINH TẾ QUỐC TẾ
1.1. Khái niệm
< =>$?"
@ &"=>$?$A$B3C
BD$E"+/='F$E"G(H

@ .=>$?I)6/$JEK6EL
>MH$$EF4N
< OB'$0$6P$$>B6L
1;NBQRA,4
O,!+B$!H'GR!$,
$4S7'46P$$
$+R$*R*FN$>KR$;,+
23R>MH$$$*+>K
1.2. Vai trò của hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế
< O89,T,"F4/+U>
6$,BL > R$1K"$
V$$
< O).)$1K,W"R XFN$1
;$?B!O).)$1KG$
$>JR$8J>B!>$D6P$
< O).)89,T,"C $46P$Y"
6;GXR0$6P$6>$
!D$H$6/$JRK6
1.3. Tác động của hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế
Những tác động tích cực:
@ &$1/6BL'R,"

F4/+ ;2+2+9U>6$;/)89,6/$
JRK6>J$$Z6D$
@ )J> !C46/$"A$"R"
$Z$RJ>/ GB[F>B" >$
6/$6/$
@ )BL>FN$!>M\1$R$3
"J0$ +R+B6L$;>/
@ &1D/$;,H$0B>$6PB>$R0$R
$1K211$;$]>$;(DB$ZK$BF[6
@ )J>>6>$2*BJ$K'"R
/+C(R$B* R0$B!;B^
V1_B6L>J"F[
@ -[$>4$>$
Những tác động tiêu cực:
@ &$1'"+ `$a1/F> !
=$Z6DR !J>$=1FQ !B+
BQ
@ &BD1"FQ[Q$Z$,$b/R
FQ !b46P$$;46P$$RBZ$BJ
'>K1$
@ BL*$R'BD,Fc>$'
 `B$;BL* ;2+$6PDFA$
1.4. Các hình thức hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế:
- Khu vực mậu dịch tự do (Free trade area):
d'(BDUA$e$+
 +7N*!F>1>$=H=>a a
$>1)D$,1+!F4!F>6I
!F4!F>fb:\g-hi)hjRO6/$J!F>:\d
gdhi)hjSO,R-BD!F4!F>hklh-
ghi)hj

- Liên minh thuế quan hay đồng minh thuế quan (Custom Union):
dBD70$6P$/Z(L$Z6
DH$21=eZ$JF4R
B="$$$>BDO,
-!i)hdD:-$<fD<B<8<<Fb<2S
- Thị trường chung (Common Market):
dBD>/BDR6D$>FN$
=6/$!dD>m6=;B!B6L$B>$
6L!F>F,"$Z6DH$V$=6'4
6P$$$+-,3$>O$
YH$-nghklh-j
- Liên minh tiền tệ (Monetary Union):
d'(BDBdD16
$ a6$6Io[,F!$* 6/$J$R'
?$$$+R$+* B6H$R2[,F!$
$$[$R2[,F!$H$*RR*FN$$S
- Liên minh kinh tế (Economic Union):
d'(BD>+RFe$DH$_FN$
* 6/$JRF,", ;2+R* 
L;>$* >FO,R
-3GD)C(6/$Jp)q
PHẦN 2: THỰC TRẠNG HỘI NHẬP KINH TẾ QUỐC TẾ
TẠI VIỆT NAM

2.1. Tính tất yếu khách quan của Việt Nam khi hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế
)>$Z$"B!B6L$ ;2+R[H$B>
$23/46P$R'>K1B+
,R11$K6D$G(
O6L2U6>$Z$,
M$"J>$B!">V$$R!$?$

";Z$61J6O>rR-$R-f;R)$.
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2.2. Tiến trình hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế của Việt Nam
O-B'V$=6!F>
>>J$RGX46P$$>C(w"
!$O,R-3B$>J$>
xy$+;[BNR=>$?+;6$[
*4B$-s$BDx%C(
1/zvvC(*Y?$PR-31
6/$Jxz6A$B3C)>$1Z$L
C=6I
1. Hiệp hội các quốc gia Đông Nam Á (ASEAN)
f6"1*',B
8$*($hklh-$,zw{w||z$!
)6/$J)!F>hklh-ghi)hjVww||x)V1,R-s$
BKB6LA$6hklh-$>/BDhklh->$
Bt!F4NRK6R GZ*RH$$H$S-3
!*46/$J$1>$HChklh-I
Hiệp định thương mại hàng hóa ASEAN(ATIGA), Hiệp định khung ASEAN về
thương mại dịch vụ (AFAS), Hiệp định đầu tư toàn diện ASEAN(ACIA)
)VK0vvR-A$6hklh-
)$.B!F4!F>hklh-<)$.)$

wvvR6hklh-)$.3^O4$OL
=DR>$1,4Z$$,D/=;!F4
!F>hklh-<)$.>>0vv)$.
hklh-<xR0vzhklh-<5fbKV0vv%R=D
N">$,DbD,4"!!F4
!F>,
)$|wvvRJfUR-A$6hklh-&l}g~
-FB[j3^),D=$B$K$sg&l•j$Z
=DN">
)JO$4+>hklh-<-f;G&K$wvvR
B3J>hklh--f;3+*BY>FR
>$1=>$?;!F4!F>hklh-<-f;
fDJ$BD >$6/$6/$63D
DR>$Z$0R-s$?$P$>BD
"A$6d6! >$:DH$G$g€:kjROB$YH$
)[,gpl&jR)$"-<d><&S
€hklh->$=; !=$Z-D
sBR+BR6$ !B>JRF•>$P[,-
3‚$46LM$'>$
2. Hoa Kỳ
k6/0$>J"V8RO>r,D=
*(='6P$1$>J$>->$,${
0||z
-$>J$>O>r-3GD [FJ$/>$Z$
03='6P$1*4O636P$2,DG$>C
*4R>J[,!-O>r3^
O4)6/$J >$6/$>${0vvvR=bK1B!
V$0vv)$0vv{RO>r+.,.
)6/$Jf'6P$tcg•-)}j>-
3. ASEM

hkl:gO$46L$_nƒ„jBFc>JLH$
*(R6L $B>0||xD=K=>$?z6R
-B>$Z$6D $Bhkl:
Bt!R-3X>$+;$4+f
6G$$*RM(>+
)6/$JYK6>$HChkl:Ya=R-0$
O$4f6G$gl::jhkl:BK(=JO-$|wvv
&6/$'R>J$N"hkl:I
• -3$2[,F!$"…>JO$o8
K6†g‡•h•jR…>J$BL16/$J†
g)ih•j
• &X$6P$-1,D$K6g‡l€jR-1a
hkl:a`/
• Ya=RBD[nV0vvvR
-31Z$1$$1*!>89,L
>$hkl:R6L6$>
• )>$HC)ih•R-3A$Dhkl:2[,F!$
u >;$>$6/$JDyBt!6D=
K)ih• >;$
• )>$HC‡•h•R-3$J$)H$K6
hkl:R$+H$''K66$>R0
=;R* F!K66$>J-R
6/$',*28K6F!D$MK
66$>>-
• )>$Bt!*R-3$1$$1VZ$O
$4f6G$)*KDhkl:-3*!>C
*R$K6/$'L6L$X
R>C$;B^LH$)!+>$L
*B-3FN$6L.\)*hkl:ghi)j>
';$*<$[$$ 23

• )>$Bt!$>H$;RC=+ !$-
B $…O;>hkl:,6P$ b/BNn<„gH$
JO$4i::xRhBUR$5wvv5jR-?$$;O
. 6hkl:
4. Diễn đàn hợp tác kinh tế Châu Á – Thái Bình Dương (APEC)
)J  O  $4  $>J  6G$  h•l&  $,  5Rzww||y  g  J  BBR
:B, j-6LJ>BD*(h•l&
$ucL[n<)f'u6/$h•l&31
$-I
< h•l&B!K6!B+>-Rs$B
!1B6L$#L"*(gquhjB+>
-R>$1-f;B61 B+>$+;6
C(D$OJK$/ G-36L;$"
KM$BP>$?,
< o+9->6h•l&s$_M$B+
>$!D$
< -9-V$BDh•l&_
M$B+ >!
)>$'$h•l&R-3*!R$$
6/$'LR6/$JRK6>'!F>16/$
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2.3. Những cơ hội của Việt Nam khi hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế
2.3.1. Trong lĩnh vực kinh tế:
Một là mở rộng thị trường để thúc đẩy thương mại và các quan hệ kinh tế
quốc tế khác, từ đó thúc đẩy tăng trưởng và phát triển kinh tế - xã hội.
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G$&46/$J >$6/$R6/$ `>m4
6P$66LH$+;&‚$JR-
!8$hi)h'0vvxR46P$$H$
$=- `6LH$+;6hklh-
--GD*(p)qR' >;$z<v
0R46P$$>F4N- `6LH$%5
6Dp)qY[,B/+B6$
!3($1BKB6L$
C(e$*+!6hklh-,hi)hC(
$*>KBp)qR[6/$JH$$V$0$BDu$

$1-;,>6>$!D$$,
$)H$/a$$KR8$$,
2[ [/>46P$,$R=bK [/
>$    4  6P$    C  )V  $6P    U  B  "  C    B  d>R
&S6&[„R&[:t22HR$1-1
aY1>+,R'36- [/$
B/+
Xuất nhập khẩu Việt Nam 2001 - 2011

Hai là thu hút được một nguồn lớn đầu tư trực tiếp của nước ngoài, bổ
sung cho nguồn vốn trong nước, kết hợp nội lực với ngoại lực, tạo được
những thành tựu kinh tế to lớn, quan trọng.
s$$1K0$8K66$>R
L*(0$$;,+LY?$PJ>
>Z$!>M<H$$D6O
,RG6"R1Z$$?H$ BLRZ$H$$
H$6LFN$RZ$H$$sH$1# XFN$$2+
$,$)6Z$0|vRF>* 1$X=;>a
`6$"DF$H$$,_$>B6
,$Z6")V 0||vBJ
8R6$"3," $/GXRF>,
F$H$$,3$,$;,>6$"$,
$/Y[,BP/B>6$"R>$11
-R'6$"BZ$46P$GR1 (B>$
6$B6/$+R1$,DDDSD1" XFN$Z$
$?H$$1;/
Cơ cấu vốn đầu tư theo thành phần kinh tế (%)
gTổng cục thống kê)
Os$$;,+L-)>$Z$
0RP"$>J >$6/$6/$R

>;L6$>s-/=;36L$;,H$
[BJ=• Rd>F> >$6/$Y1$1KC4
[$[ R$$?B!>6/$'"
<23>$6
Ba là Giải quyết vấn đề về nguồn nhân lực.
:+a6$"s$6-
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>H$>J>=?F6Œ$$s=>$Bt!&6
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Năm Tổng số
Kinh tế Nhà
nước
Kinh tế ngoài
Nhà nước
Kinh tế có vốn
đầu tư nước ngoài
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vv| vv 5vRz %%R| zRx
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v vv %yR| %zR zR|
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$*!> !$H$$><J>+6
Bốn là Phát triển Khoa học và Công nghệ (KH&CN).
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Năm là Từng bước đưa hoạt động của các doanh nghiệp và cả nền kinh tế
vào môi trường cạnh tranh, thúc đẩy chuyển dịch cơ cấu kinh tế, nâng cao
hiệu quả sản xuất kinh doanh.
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0$JF>$16L[$BDEF>1$0F>
$JD9‡kq<|vvv:6F,RB0RB+,
; ;2+F>B6>R$sF>$
0$$R $J>1(;B^$>
2.3.2. Trong lĩnh vực Văn hóa - Xã hội:
O$1K9,J'0$6G$R"
RV1$8[$>F[RP $[F[$,
6L;Y, `$4K$,$6L[$>R
**K6G$N01"O$8=C $Z$$
4=01R0$RB$01F[8
9,=23
&N"RJ-I
uB401RFBb$;RF*B4 XR=;>$S
$,$8F>$$>6RUBJ$?
$">$6PF[+6
Y$xwvRC$ -B%%x%5{B6LR0$
%R|Ž >A$r0vR6*$FB4NN>;${Rz
B6L4EC$FB4J{z$‹?$
-P !$>B6016L0$6P$[F[1D
BL">01[B>J<VB $R $0$
$R $J>R!BR^(HM$BR>KF[RH$
=7$Z$$40M$$*[0R*F[
J&8$s$1//"$=J=]b0
[Z$••>01F[R$1KB>$8
01$[B>J
OJ`$R8$1F4 >2U2mBJ/R
* DBt!012U1$'B#PK XC>ALH$
BR9!$Q[Z$$,Db8$

fDJ1Rs$K>$8>-,
$J`$?B!""$>FNRV$=6," $H
'$>FNGR6D$K>$>J>[B!R[[$
>+B6L$R2[,F!$$>FNJR'D
!$
2.3.3. Trong lĩnh vực Chính trị:
)(+RJ>">J4*
b=b/''2"$RV11"
* "AL>+6H$=4B1
)(RJ>"-'>'
4**L>$!R[$>,*4$Rs$6
;0$F,'R='C4""
)(=R$8F,'='C4!
"-$>"E?$PG;0$L
#B!$?B!6"$;,Z$+[$
!$
)(6R$8-6>$B
R[$>0$B!;B^>
$BU>/46P$46$23$t!
H$=J;B^U>,4p)qRH
6P$F>6$,$6L;
:aFA6/$8$B$CR;"G
>$6",B!=D$>6$*$
p)qR>$s$89,';
>$6R=;>;>';?$=/R1;/R
A/''R*4R01<23>$6
2.4. Những thách thức mà Việt Nam gặp phải khi hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế
fDJZ$/R$a>6D
$Ra=B6$"6-Z$(
(>BF6%*JB I

2.4.1. Trong lĩnh vực kinh tế
Một là, sự cạnh tranh sẽ gay gắt, khốc liệt hơn rất nhiều cả về chiều rộng
lẫn chiều sâu, với nhiều đối thủ “nặng kí” từ nước ngoài.
u>!Z$Dp)qR+B;b
$;J9RGX [$R>$11;G
XBt!6/$J$>F4NJ,;>6I$[$R
=;>"RcH$R0$B6L$R;R,"RH$$=G
,R$,/>R'J$ ;F>$BHZG
D+$-$>R>$RN"
!6[s$e;$;,+(R/R
* R*FN6I/=;>, GZ*R6
1036/$JR=;,$;R=;>H$$
$6PF[611U[, GZ*
*FNI)>$Bt!F>JRJF>6
$>K6$1;0$BtKB46P$ >J
F>OM$+Z$=C$D$$,H$
A$P"H$J6„:\RM1/ G+J=
+-6BKK6H$$%u-RM>J>
$s[DNN>R'RBHGM$
),$m1b/6$+B6L$F4NMUBJBH>;>
&J6DBJ$Z ;9F>$
OK2;9-1J ;96$>d*
F>BKF>$-1,HVeRK6=4J
RH$F>$,\0$F>>$
R($1Z$=$HB6P$>$H6P$
F>$*>KfDJ1R$?[B!*($
Z$C>MH$$D-Fc=4=…=3H$
$†$6Y,FQ$ ;9>/R
1JO$12+2(V)$.B*FN"'> !+
$1-D*46P$'O$1)$.1

$•/+RQ3FJ$R8R6L=,=b/V
FN$$$,RK>>=4XR
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$;R8K663B3 +RP$
>;R$=]U>S
Hai là sự phụ thuộc lẫn nhau giữa các quốc gia tăng lên đáng kể.
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$K1 !#L61BL6R"/D
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(Nguồn: Tổng cục thống kê)
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>$a$LK$$,$0$BD-H$1$;4P
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$>;$LH$J&[„,
H$_1,R !N$Z"
-+Fc4$6 !=,"HB6P$
$
Biến động giá xăng dầu Việt Nam 8 tháng đầu năm 2012
(Nguồn: taichinhvietnam.com)
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$O,$20$FK$>$60$RBDNB…Z$
_>†R$,D[6I: •"1$•*4BJBZ$
/$+FK>$R$?$FKe=+C6
$Z:\‡R2$$Z)C-tr‡-Z$,,B>
$?$V)$YH$<!M$$+FKH>
$<=+=DY,FQ$;20$FK>$6BUN0$$;=+
6P$R$[,10>$ ;2+P $$6PF[
Ba là,>$'R6$";a
$,/,"F4/+!D=+BLRF>D6$$
>$$ XFN$$,DR (B>$R6$1$4$
0$+u>,RMFc1"G=3;H$$H$$
+R=4J$?$,DDD,>JH6P$v0R
61/+M$aY1B !F4,"
H$$V46P$R>-7

46P$$BD6k!F4,",6L$MB
($ &/,"$>H$$\+BR6$(
]B8$H$;B^a` `/>'J$9H$
$=96,"$mG6P
$B*FN"'&H$$mH$_8$++
$,D0$B6L$R*J>$4$0$[$>'$6P
B>$$[,HcH6P$a$&K/
"8"/K6>6=7$$?B!
*RH$$$?&K4FJ$‰Z$,>$=
; `J>/]U>1BZ$(RZ$,$[,
J$,""1* 1R $BMD,B>JV
>M;
2.4.2. Trong lĩnh vực văn hóa – xã hội
k$>JGK,=7$ /*4<RV
D|{vGRhklh-=bK"L_
V$K$ZD||vRhklh-! !=bK'
O01<23;Lhklh-H$O6/$0
vvy6L"u>1'-s$
U>6$",
Một là,DBt!23R'>$2
>K>a($;6>$!
6/$0$6G$H2>1R$;$]>R!=
H$=7$23kGFt,B'BL*>K>6L[
H$?$RZ$61"+6L6G$BL*/
)>$J#$s$,R=F[66L6G$BL**
/R*=4$D!>K>E$,/+$ !
[>$$]> `0$BDJ`k(m>F6!
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F[ B!B6L$B>$23R?$P8$ !JB (
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2.4.3. Trong lĩnh vực chính trị
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(H$;BJ$?)$> ;2+BR
$+>>$'8$H$_
1B !=;>;> !"=Z$BR!
$Y[,B(*4-;16/$$;,
G$"

Hai là,'aZ$+=;>
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>J$*,$R32+$,/,$g
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>R*r$Z6 `0$BD
Ba là,DBt!*4R'G6s$
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PHẦN 3: MỤC TIÊU VÀ GIẢI PHÁP NHẰM THÚC ĐẨY QUÁ TRÌNH
HỘI NHẬP KINH TẾ QUỐC TẾ TẠI VIỆT NAM
3.1. Quan điểm và chính sách của Nhà Nước Việt Nam nhằm thúc đẩy quá
trình hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế
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@ La`',DK$ZZ$
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>$=;!1,C&6/$Bt2[,F!$+
6>$PrBD$t23g=C $R"0vj
s$6f>>&*4f+)$6/$'YJY;$BK
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"E6/$1RFJ$1R$*!
E-B=JR,BD1>$
$?$EJ>H6P$='RC4"2[,F!$"+
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3"* 8$bAL!c6
G$"
3.2. Một số giải pháp nhằm thúc đẩy quá trình hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế tại
Việt Nam
Một là Phát triển nhanh gắn liền với phát triển bền vững, phát triển bền
vững là yêu cầu xuyên suốt trong Chiến lược
•;"=Z$R$ZZ$C4tHR=;>;

Y9,J,"F4/+R,"CH'0$
6G$R>+B6L$R0$ +R;R (JB6D$KR8
M$"U> [R"*()0$6G$;
L>!=H$=7$23E[$>H$$V$
+B6L$ $[F[•"<23;BHA$
=;>;H6P$-61",D
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G""R""J>$?B!>"=Z$
•"=Z$;BH$ba>$,>JR
>J* "<23
•;a=[$ZZ$C4*4<23R0$6P$
$RR=;>Z$bBR,R$+>•B3
C"=;>;>+6"=Z$
&$V&*I
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O'/=;$+JK$?$=R H$'
JBB6LRB,M$89,'/+BJ
R,"CH'0$6G$)$ >>_,
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