ĐẠI từ QUAN hệ

ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ
- Các đại từ quan hệ: “Who, Whom, Which, Whose, Where, When, That…”
- Đại từ quan hệ đứng ngay sau danh từ mà nó thay thế
1. Who: Thay cho danh từ chỉ người, và làm chủ ngữ trong câu.
- Note: (Who + V)
Ex: The man is in the room. He is angry.
=>The man who is in this room is angry.
Lan is a teacher. She is having a lecture.
=> Lan who is having a lecture is a teacher.
2. Whom: thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật, và làm tân ngữ trong câu.
- Note: (Whom + S + V)
Ex: That is her sister. Nam is talking to her.
=> That is her sister whom Nam is talking to.
3. Which: Thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật, làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ trong câu.
Ex: I live in a town. It is located in Hanoi.
=> I live in a town which is located in Hanoi.
Rice is an important food crop. It is grown in many parts of the world.
=> Rice which is grown in many parts of the world is an important food crop.
4. Whose: thay thế cho các tính từ sở hữu trong câu: “his, her, your, my, their, our”.
- Note: (Whose + N)
Ex: That is a handsome boy. His mother is a model.
=> That is a handsome boy whose mother is a model.
5. That: dùng để thay thế cho các đại từ “who, which, whom” trong câu có chứa mệnh đề quan
hệ xác định.
Không dùng trong câu có mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định. Thêm dấu phảy (,) ngăn cách các
mệnh đề trong câu có chứa mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định.
Note: dấu hiệu nhận biết mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định: danh từ đứng trước nó rơi vào các
trường hợp:
- N đứng trước nó là tính từ sở hữu “his, her, your, my, their, our”.
- N đứng trước nó là tên riêng.
- N đứng trước nó có chứa các đại từ chỉ định “that, this, these, those”.

What: cái gì
Why: như thế nào, đứng sau từ “the reason”
When: (khi nào) thay thế cho trạng từ chỉ thời gian
Where: (ở đâu) thay cho trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn
Hình thức rút gọn của mệnh đề quan hệ
Mệnh đề quan hệ có thể rút gọn thành cụm hiện tại phân từ khi động từ sau đại từ quan hệ mang
nghĩa chủ động (Who, which, that + Ving), hoặc rút gọn thành cụm quá khứ phân từ nếu động từ
mang nghĩa bị động.
Ex: The man who is smoking a pipe over there is our new boss.
=> The man smoking a pipe over there is our new boss.
Ex: The city which was destroyed during the war has now been completely rebuilt
=> The city destroyed during the war has now been completely rebuilt
EXERCISE 1: KẾT HỢP CÂU SỬ DỤNG ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ
1. Rosie speaks German and English. She is from Munich.

2. Those shoes were too expensive. I like those shoes the best.
3. Mr. Wilson is a very efficient person. He likes to get things done quickly.

4. Sonia enjoyed the movie. We recommended it.
5. My daughter was afraid to go to sleep. She doesn’t like thunder and lightening.
6. Peter is extremely artistic. His mother is a sculptor.
7. I broke the gold chain. My father gave it to me last year.
8. The professor is an anthropologist. Her office is next to mine.
9. Hurricane Andrew caused billions of dollars of damage. It occurred in August 1992.
10. We drove to Naples. It is located on the west coast of Florida.
11. Did you meet the man? We were talking about him last night.
EXERCISE 2: CHỌN TỪ THÍCH HỢP
1. She gives her children everything they want
a. that b. who c. whom d. what
2.Tell me you want and I will try to help you

a. that b. what c. who d .which
3.the place we spent our holiday was really beautiful
a. what b. who c. where d. which
4.What was the name of the girl passport was stolen?
a. whose b. who c. which d. when
5.The bed I slept in was too soft
a. whose b. which c. what d. who
6. Nora is the only person understands me
a. which b who c. what d . whose
7. Why do you always disagree with everything I say?
a. who b. which c. when d. what
8. This is an awful film. It is the worst I have never seen
a. who b. that c. what d. whom
9.The hotel we stayed was not clean
a. who b. that c. where d. when
10. The last time I saw her, she looked very beautiful
a. who b. that c. where d. when
11. What was the name of the people car had broken down
a. which b. who c. whom d. whose
12. I recently went back to the town I was born
a. what b. where c. who d. which
13.The reason I phoned him was to invite him to a party
a. what b. whose c. why d. which
14. I don't agree with you have just said
a. what b. who c. when d. which
15. She told me her address I wrote on a piece of paper
a. what b. which c. when d. where