Cooperation programs and agricultural rural developmen:Development of clam culture for improvement and diversification of livelihoods of the poor coastal communities in Central Vietnam - MS10 " pot

Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development

COLLABORATION FOR AGRICULTURE & RURAL DEVELOPMENT (CARD)








027/05VIE

Development of clam culture for improvement
and diversification of livelihoods of the poor
coastal communities in Central Vietnam

MS10: 5
th
Six-Monthly Report






April to October 2008



Table of Contents

1. Institute Information 1
2. Contact Officer(s) 1
3. Project Abstract 2
4. Executive Summary 2
4. Project Implementation Progress 3
4.1. Key Highlights 3
4.2. Key outcome 3

5. Introduction & Background 3
5.1. Specific objectives 3
5.2. Outputs 4
6. Progress to Date 4
6.1. Implementation Highlights 4
6.1.1. Details of the farmers selected for the on farm trials 4
6.1.2. Agreement with farmer and local extension departments 6
6.1.3. Production clam spat for on farm trials 7
6.1.4. ‘On farm’ trials 8
6.2 Propagation of the technologies 12
6.3 Smallholder Benefits 13
6.3.1 Opportunity to utilise the brackish water ponds for clam production 13
6.3.2 Increasing in production and benefit from clam culture in the intertidal areas 13
6.3.3 Easily Applicable Farming Knowledge 13
6.3.4 Low Investment Risk 13
6.3.5 Maximizing Commercial Potential through Knowledge 13
6.4. Capacity Building 15
6.4.1. ARSINC 15
6.4.2. End-users 15
6.4.3. Enhanced reputation and relation ship with other institutions and collaborators
15
6.5. Publicity 15
6.6. Project Management 16
7. Report on Cross-Cutting Issues 16
7.1. Environment 16
7.2. Gender and Social Issues 16
8. Implementation & Sustainability Issues 16
8.1. Issues and Constraints 16
8.2. Options 16
8.3. Sustainability 16

9 Next Critical Steps 17
10 Conclusion 17

11 Statutory Declaration 17
Appendix B 24
TECHNICAL GUIDELINE 24
HATCHERY PROTOCOL FOR CLAM (Meretrix lyrata) AT AQUACULTURE SUB-
INSTITUTE FOR NORTH CENTRAL 24
Appendix 2 30
PRODUCTION MODEL OF CLAM (Meretrix lyrata) IN POND, INTERTIDAL AND
ROTATIONAL CROP WITH PRAWNS 30

iii

1

1. Institute Information
Project Name
Development of clam culture for improvement and
diversification of livelihoods of the poor coastal
communities in Central Vietnam
(Project No: 027/05VIE)
Vietnamese Institution
Aquaculture Research Sub-Institution for North
Central (ARSINC)
Vietnamese Project Team Leader
Mr. Chu Chi Thiet (Project Director)

Australian Organisation
South Australian Research and Development

Institution (SARDI)
Australian Personnel
Dr Martin S Kumar (Team Leader)
Dr Bennan Chen (Senior Scientist)
Date commenced
February 2006
Completion date (original)
February 2009
Completion date (revised)

Reporting period
November 2007, April 2008
2. Contact Officer(s)
In Australia: Team Leader
Name: Dr Martin Kumar Telephone: 08 82075400
Position: Principal Scientist, and Program
Leader,
Integrated Biosystems
Integrated Resource Management
and Biotechnology
Fax: 08 82075481
Organisation South Australian Research and
Development Institution (SARDI)
Email: kumar.martin@saugov.
sa.gov.au
In Australia: Administrative contact
Name:

Telephone:

Position:

Fax:

Organisation

Email:


In Vietnam
Name:
Chu Chi Thiet
Telephone:
+84.383829884
Position:
Director
Fax:
+84.383829378
Organisation
Aquaculture Research Institute
for North-Central
Email:

3. Project Abstract

Last sixmont








4. Executive Summary
The.









The main objective of the project is to develop and extend the clam culture technology
(hatchery and husbandry) to sustain livelihoods of poor coastal farmers in the North
Central provinces and to develop a strategy which contributes to sustainable aquatic
environment management using clam aquaculture to improve prawn farm effluent
utilisation. In the last six months, the focus of the project implementation was
concentrated on the following aspects.
This monthly report will focus on following:

• Selection of household for on farm trials in 6 Provinces within the project areas.
• Finalise the agreements with stakeholders (farmers, provincial local government
Extension centres and ARSINC)
• Prepare the technical guide lines for clam hatchery and production for farmer
traning
• Production of clam spat for on farm trials
• Conducing ‘on farm’ trials at selected farms in the project areas.
• Reporting the trial progress
Demonstration of clam production in ponds, intertidal areas and polyculture with prawns
are in progress. Preparation for initiating clam production as ration crop in prawn farms
are underway.















2
4. Project Implementation Progress
4.1. Key Highlights
Project progressed well in accordance with specified milestone. The focus of the project

during the last six months was to prepare the farmers and associated partners to
participate in the on-farm trials. Key activities include:
• Selecting household for on-farm trials in 6 Provinces within project areas.
• Finalising the agreements on clam production demonstration with stakeholders
(farmers, provincial local government Extension central and ARSINC)
• Prepare the technical guide lines for clam hatchery and production
• Production of clam spat for on-farm trials
• Initiating and conducting ‘on-farm’ trials.
4.2. Key outcome
The workshop conducted to introduce clam production was well received by the farmers,
extension department and local government officials and others who are associated with
clam farming. The details of the workshop were presented in the MS9. The farmers
registered their interest in demonstration trials to be conducted in six provinces. Based on
the selection criteria, 6 farmers from each province have been selected for the
demonstration. A total of 36 lead farmers were selected for the trials which started in the
month of May 2008.

The agreement was finalised according to the discussion between ARSINC and farmers
and Extension central of Provinces. The content of agreement focused on the role of
Farmers, ARSINC and extension departments in implementing on farm trials.

More than 10 million spats have been produced by ARSINC for supplying to farmers for
trails. Traditionally farmers collected spats from wild and cultured in inertial areas.
5. Introduction & Background
The main objective is to develop and extend the clam culture technology (hatchery and
husbandry) to sustain livelihoods of poor coastal farmers in the North Central provinces:
and to develop a strategy which contributes to sustainable aquatic environment
management using clam aquaculture to improve prawn farm effluent utilisation. The aims
of the proposed project are:
a) to provide poor fisher community an alternative income and food security;

b) to improve technological and extension capacity for the stakeholders; and
c) to reduce negative impacts of shrimp culture through implementation of a strategy
for environmental management and waste utilisation of existing resources.
5.1. Specific objectives
The objectives of this project (027/05VIE) include the following:

3
• to develop and extend the clam culture technology (hatchery and husbandry);
• to sustain livelihoods of poor coastal farmers in the North Central provinces; and
• to develop a strategy which contributes to sustainable aquatic environment
management using clam aquaculture to improve prawn farm effluent utilization.
5.2. Outputs
In accordance with expected output proposed, the last six months were focused on
following aspects.
- 36 farmers selected from 6 Provinces and clam production demonstration
initiated.
- Developed operational protocol and signed agreements with farmers and local
extension department for on farm trails
- Produced and supplied required number of spats to farmers/households for
implementing the on farm trails
Presently these trials are progressing well.

The visits by Australian Project Leader in April and September 2008 facilitated
• Planning of demonstration trials
• Selection of farmers for on farm trials
• Conducting the workshop with stakeholders for transfer of technology
• Initiating the on farm clam production trials
• Evaluating the preliminary trial results

6. Progress to Date
6.1. Implementation Highlights
6.1.1. Details of the farmers selected for the on farm trials.
As indicated in the MS9 report, based on the prescribed selection criteria farmers were
selected for on farm trials. Technicians from ARSINC had visited the farmers and their
farming facility to ensure that they were capable of participating in the on-farm trial.

Table 1: List of participants involved in the on-farm trial

No. Full mane Address Trial model
1 Phung Van Dan Hoang Phu Commune, Hoang
Phu District, Thanh Hoa
Province
Mobile: 0913115955
Intertidal culture
2 Le Van Hoanh Hoang Phu Commune, Hoang Pond culture

4
Phu District, Thanh Hoa
Province
Mobile: 0913026168
3 Le Thanh Tung Quynh Thuan Commune,
Quynh Luu District, Nghe An
Provice
Phone: 038865886;
Mobile: 01685114406
Pond culture
4 Le Xuan Hung Mai Phu Commune, Mai Loc
District, Ha Tinh Province
Phone: 039846217

Mobile: 0912487697
- Pond culture
- Intertidal culture
5 Pham Ngoc Lam Thach Bang Commune, Loc
Ha District, Ha Tinh Province
Mobile: 0935809496
- Pond culture
- Intertidal culture
6 Nguyen Duc Long Thach Bang Commune, Loc
Ha District, Ha Tinh Province
Mobile : 0986597840
Pond culture
7 Nguyen Van Tinh Thach Bang Commune, Loc
Ha District, Ha Tinh Province
Mobile : 0914442684
Pond culture
8 Nguyen Van Tam Ba Don Town, Quang Trach
District, Quang Binh Province
Phone: 052511466;
Mobile: 01684341624
- Pond culture
- Intertidal culture
9 Nguyen Van Ky Trieu An Commune, Trieu
Phong District, Quang Tri
Province
Mobile: 0988171028
Pond culture
10 Trung Huu Thu Gio Viet Commune, Gio Linh
District, Quang Tri Province
Mobile: 0914178447

Pond culture
11 Nguyen Van Thanh Farmer from Phu Vang
District, Hue Province
Pond culture
12 Le Van Hung Farmer from Phu Loc District,
Hue Province
Pond culture

5


6.1.2. Agreement with farmer and local extension departments
Agreement was signed between Project administrator (ARSINC) with local Extension
Centre and farmers who are involved in the demonstration model of clam culture in pond.
The agreement clearly specifies the roles of all partners involved in the ‘on farm’ trials.
Key activities included in the agreements are listed below.

a. Role of local extension centers in the demonstration:
• The extension centers will provide input in selecting the household by
collecting the back ground information and verification of the farmer profile.
• Monitoring the “on farm” trials is one of the key role played by the centers.
• Local extension centers shall also provide in put in planning the
demonstration execution in their province.
• Extension officers shall visit the demonstration farm fortnightly to ensure that
the farmer have been following the farming model in accordance with the
technique prescribed by ARSINC.
• Extension officer shall send data on-farm trials performance to ARSINC
fortnightly.
• Covey feed back from farmers associated with “on farm” trial to ARSINC.

b. Farmers role
• Farmer shall follow the technical instructions provided by the extension.
officers and ARSINC staff for the proper implementation of culture technique.
• Farmer shall report the progress of the culture in prescribe format provided by
ARSINC.
• Farmer shall cooperate well in providing data and also provide information on
his/her family who are involved in the project to ARSINC. A structured
questionnaire will be used for this purpose.
• Farmers shall participate in the meetings and workshop conducted by
ARSINC and provincial extension department.

c. ARSINC roles
• ARSINC shall organise the technology transfer through training on clam
culture in pond as well as in intertidal areas to Extension Central staffs and
farmer before running on-farm trials.
• ARSINC shall ensure the supplying of quality and quantity clam seed required
for undertaking on-farm trial.
• ARSINC shall send technical staff once in 15 days (fortnightly) for evaluating
the progress of the demonstration and also to ensure the farmer has been
fulfilling the requirement of project.
• ARSINC shall coordinate demonstration
• ARSINC shall take the responsibility of data complying, data analysis and
reporting.

6
• In cooperation with Vietnamese Extension Centre ARSINC shall organise
conference or workshop to report results from demonstration.

6.1.3. Production clam spat for on farm trials
As a part of the project activities, ARSINC collaborated with some private hatcheries in

Thanh Hoa (Marine Seed Production Central, Hoang Thanh Commune, Hoang Hoa
District), Ho Chi Minh (Van Xuan Technical College) and Ninh Binh (Hai Tuan Ltd
Company, Kim Son Commune, Kim Bang District) Provinces to produce clam spat for
demonstration. The collaboration is not only produced the spat but also transferring the
hatchery technology developed by ARSINC/SARDI to the provinces. These private
hatcheries and ARSINC will provide clam spat for on farm trials. With the increased
capacity, the demand for clam spat as the proposed in the project will be met. In year 3
the clam spat demand is around 10 million.


Fig 1: Private clam hatchery in Kim Son, Ninh Binh working in collaboration with
CARD project


Fig 2: Clam hatchery in Thanh Hoa province working in collaboration with CARD .


7
As reported in the MS7 ARSINC produced around 6.5 million spat until 2007. These
clam were supplied to demonstration trials. The number spat produced in 2008 from May
to September is estimated about 12 million. These spats were transferred to wild culture
areas (intertidal culture) in Hau Loc District, Thanh Hoa Province for further grow out.
These spats will be ready for commercial stocking (demonstration) in 2 months time. The
spats produced in the year 2008 would continue to grow for the use of next period culture
and part of it will be used for rotational culture (additional crop in prawn farm)
demonstration starting in November 2008. Technical guidelines prepared for hatchery
techniques for the use farmer/hatchery operator is attached in appendix B.

Table 2: Summary of spat production produced under hatchery conditions
Batch No No of spats

(x 1000)
Average of
survival rate
(%)
Period of
implementation
References
1 500 3.0 Apr-Oct, 2006 MS.03
2 2.000 4.5 Apr-Oct, 2007 MS.06
3 4.000 3.5 Nov- Dec, 2007 MS.07
4 12.000 5.5 May-Sept 2008 MS 10
Total 18.500

6.1.4. ‘On farm’ trials.
On-farm trial started in May 2008. A total of 24 farmers participated in the initial
demonstration trials in two models of clam production including pond culture and
intertidal clam rearing. The farmers involved in on-farm trials had already participated
in the technical training and study tour program, which was organized by project team.
This was reported in the last six monthly report (refer MS9). The list of farmers
participating in the demonstration trial and their particulars are provided in the table 3.
The table 3 provided the information of the farmers engaged in demonstration trials in
different clam culture models, area used, stoking size and density.

A template was prepared for the recording of data on pond/intertidal clam culture
including environmental parameters, growth of clam and mortality. Technical guidelines
for clam production models were prepared (Appendix C) for farmer training.


8
Table 3: Household involved in on farm trials from June 2008

No. Full mane and
address
Culture model Culture area
(ha) and
stocking
density
Stocking
size and
density
(clam/m
2
)
1 Phung Van Dan Intertidal culture 0.4 ha; 120clams/m
2

2 Le Van Hoanh Pond culture 0.5 ha; 90clams/m
2

3 Le Thanh Tung - Pond culture
- Intertidal culture
0.2 ha; 90clams/m
2

0.4 ha; 120clams/m
2

4 Le Xuan Hung - Intertidal culture 0.7 ha; 120clams/m
2

5 Pham Ngoc Lam - Pond culture
- Intertidal culture
0.3 ha; 90clams/m
2

0.5 ha; 120clams/m
2

6 Nguyen Duc Long Pond culture 0.3 ha; 90clams/m
2

7 Nguyen Van Tinh Pond culture 0.3 ha; 90clams/m
2

8 Nguyen Van Tam Pond culture 0.5 ha; 90clams/m
2

9 Nguyen Van Ky Pond culture 0.2 ha; 90clams/m
2

10 Trung Huu Thu Pond culture 0.3 ha; 90clams/m
2

11 Nguyen Van Thanh Pond culture 0.25 ha; 90clams/m
2

12 Le Van Hung Pond culture 0.2 ha; 90clams/m
2

13 Nguyen Van An Intertidal culture 2 ha ha; 120clams/m

2

14
Dang Ngoc Tho
Pond culture 0.2 ha; 90clams/m
2

15
Hoang Thi Hoa
Pond culture 0.3 ha; 90clams/m
2

16
Nguyen Thi Ngoc
Pond culture 0.35 ha; 90clams/m
2

17
Ngo Xuan Dai
Intertidal culture 0.7 ha; 120clams/m
2

18
Phan Thi Thuan
Intertidal culture 0.4 ha; 120clams/m
2

19 Nguyen Van Tho Intertidal culture 0.5 ha; 120clams/m
2

20 Tran Van Nguyen Intertidal culture 0.3 ha; 120clams/m
2

21 Nguyen Van Hoang intertidal culture 0.5 ha; 120clams/m
2

22 Nguyen Van Dich - Pond culture
- Intertidal culture
0.25 ha; 90clams/m
2

0.3 ha; 120clams/m
2

23 Nguyen Van Ha Intertidal culture 0.5 ha; 120clams/m
2

24 Nguyen Huu Loc Pond culture 0.2 ha; 90clams/m
2







9
Table 4: The information on investigation and output from clam culture

Name of the farmer

Address:

No Contents Units Price/unit Total cost Note
A Inputs
1 Seed kg
Seed size
2 Lime kg
3 Fertilizes kg
4 Pond preparation labour
5 Nets for fencing m
6 Watch&ward
7 Harvesting labour
8 Protection cost labour
9 Others

Table 5: Pond monitoring and management

Date/month Temperature
(6am/15pm)
pH
(6am/15pm)
Salinity Turbidity Notes/
Comments




Table 6 Clam growth details
Date…….
Pond or Unit No

Sample No Clam growth
Length
(mm)
Weight(g)
1
-
-
30
Note: 30 samples will be collected from each pond for the measurement of clam growth.

Table 7: Problems/difficulties/issues phased and what measures were taken to resolve.
Pond number:…………….
Date/month Problems Measures applied
for resolving the
problem
Note



10


Fig 3: Demonstration trial in Thanh Hoa Province –pond culture


Fig 4: Demonstration trial in Hue province- prawn and clam polyculture

Brief information about environmental parameters and growth rate clams from the
demonstration in progress has been presented in the following tables ( ). More details
of the demonstration will be presented in the next report.

Table:8 Environmental parameter in pond and intertidal areas

Models Salinities (
o
/
oo
)
Water temperature pH
Average Min-Max Average Min-Max
Pond culture 5.8±0.21 0-15 29.5±3.23 25-33 7.7-8.1
Intertidal
culture
18.8±2.12 1-30 26.3±3.16 20-32 7.0-8.5



11
Table: 9 Grow rate of clam according to percentage from initial

Models
Length (%) Weight (%)
Initial 9.55±2.35 1.47±0.34
Currently 22.52±3.25 7.81±1.32
Pond culture
Percentage of growth (%) 58.96 81.76
Initial (mm) 11.57±2.13 1.58±0.45
Currently (mm) 20.01±3.17 6.31±1.24
Intertidal culture
Percentage of growth (%) 42.19 75.00

6.2 Propagation of the technologies
‘On farm’ trials of clam culture had started from May 2008. Following models have been
tested in six provinces.
• Clam culture in ponds (new technique developed by CARD project)
• Clam culture in inter tidal area using techniques developed by the CARD project

The preparation for initiating rotation culture of clam in prawn farms has been completed.
This demonstration of this culture model will start in November.


12

6.3 Smallholder Benefits
6.3.1 Opportunity to utilise the brackish water ponds for clam
production
The success that clam can survive and grow in pond opens opportunity for farmers to
utilize the brackish water ponds where the shrimp industry recently has been collapsed
due to bad management. In addition, success of clam culture as alternative crop will
provide new opportunity for the famers in to utilise the prawn farm which normally used
only 4 months per year for shrimp culture and thus provide more live hood for the
communities in the North Central coast. It is also provides alternative opportunity to
farmers to diversify the aquaculture product.
Project also introduced new opportunity in the hatchery industry. Farmers were mainly
relied clam seed from wiled collection. This project provided opportunity for a new
hatchery enterprise by providing technology for clam breeding and producing artificial
spat.
6.3.2 Increasing in production and benefit from clam culture in the
intertidal areas
The success of intertidal trials provides data base and primary knowledge to build a

technical guideline for clam grows out. Appropriate stocking density and stocking size
will provide higher productivity, reduce the operation cost and bring in higher benefit.
6.3.3 Easily Applicable Farming Knowledge
Factors such as stocking density and salinity are within the capabilities of smallholder
end-users to monitor and manipulate. By focusing upon the research and understanding
of the impact of such factors on survival and growth of M lyrata and its larvae, the teams
at ARSINC are building the knowledge base for farming practices that can be applied by
smallholders.
6.3.4 Low Investment Risk
The focus on low-cost, reliable production and hatchery techniques and infrastructure
provide for low investment risk to the smallholder and smallholder communities.
6.3.5 Maximizing Commercial Potential through Knowledge
The following table summarizes the implications of the knowledge generated by this
project for the smallholder’s commercial production potential

13

Table 10. Technology Implications for M lyrata Commercial Production

Farming
Component
Knowledge Implications for Commercial Production
Production Density
• Farmers need to know optimum stocking
density that provide for maximum
productivity per m
2
pond area
Substrate
• Farmers need to know which sediment

substrate clam can be grown on as this may
affect farmers of different regions where there
is different soil type
Influent / Effluent /
Polyculture Pond
System
• An influent pond system may be useful for
water treatment prior to prawn culture use in
places where water quality is not good enough
for prawn culture.
• An effluent pond system may be useful for
prawn culture to reduce pollution and enable
more sustainable prawn culture
• A combination of both pond systems
(polyculture) would be useful to supplement
farmer income (both prawn and clam) as well
as provide for sustainable aquaculture and/or
bio-remediation of prawn farming areas
Hatchery Spat Production
Technology for M
lyrata clam culture
• Easy to use, low-cost indigenous (developed
by ARSINC) system that can be implemented
on farms or in regional cooperatives
• Reduce collection of spats from wild so as to
reduce ecological impact along Vietnam
coastline
Hatchery /
Broodstock
Conditioning

Algae feed
composition
• Enable hatcheries and regional cooperatives
to culture feedstocks (using pure cultures
from ARSINC and other government
suppliers) for hatcheries to use in their spat
production
• Enable farmers to create their own broodstock
Hatchery /
Larvae
Rearing
Stocking density
survival / growth
rates
• Enable regional hatcheries to achieve optimal
larvae rearing productivity
Salinity survival /
growth rates
• Enable regional hatcheries to achieve optimal
larvae rearing productivity, controlling
salinity if necessary
Stocking density
Days to Settlement
• Enable regional hatcheries to know how many
production cycles can be achieved per season
and how to increase frequency of spat
production

14
Breeding /

Spawning
Breeding /
Spawning
Inducement
Factors
• Enable regional hatcheries to know what
factors induce breeding and spawning, that
can be controlled by the hatchery

6.4. Capacity Building
6.4.1. ARSINC
At least 6 technical staff directly involved in the project activities had the opportunity to
improve their knowledge, experience in both hatchery and grow out /production of clam
culture. Presently, ARSINC has the capability of designing, operational and management
aspects of both commercial grow-out and seed production.

Researchers of ARSINC involved in this project had the chance to approach updated
research methodology and gain more experience in research, design, implementation and
reporting as well as international communication.

There were 2 students, one from University of Vinh, one from Ha Noi Agriculture
University have completed their B.Sc thesis on clam hatchery production under
ARSINC/SARDI supervision. These students successfully defended their B.Sc thesis and
achieved excellent results.

This year, one project staff has been studying M.Sc course will use one of subject of
project for his thesis. The thesis will be focused on spat production.
6.4.2. End-users
Due to the result of experiment of the project, at least 30 farmers from six province were
participated the workshop, training courses and field trip. So they have chance to improve

their knowledge about clam culture, spat production and other activities in aquaculture.
6.4.3. Enhanced reputation and relation ship with other institutions
and collaborators
The project activities have been well introduced and have good comments from scientific
committee of ARSINC. This accelerates collaboration and contribution from other
projects implementing within ARSINC and RIA1 e.g. NORAD funded project and AIDA
project
6.5. Publicity
There are no published any Research papers in this six monthly activities.

15
6.6. Project Management
Some staff from ARSINC will be leaving for higher studies. They will be replaced with
appropriately qualified researchers. There are no other issues to report on project
management.
7. Report on Cross-Cutting Issues
7.1. Environment
It is highly unlikely that this project will result in the development of technologies that
will have negative environmental impacts. The primary objective of the project is to
develop clam aquaculture using sustainable practice. Apart from economic improvement
the project also develop strategy for effluent management from prawn farm.
7.2. Gender and Social Issues
Clam aquaculture in Vietnam, is a family or household activity. Women undertake 50-
60% of the work including husbandry, harvesting and marketing. Therefore, aquaculture
activities are very much a household duty. If the proposed project is properly
implemented through making relevant information more available and improving the
skills of the information deliverers, the results will significantly increase women’s
contribution in terms of income and food and therefore their importance and self esteem.

The Technological and socioeconomic study conducted by project team indicated that

farmers received low prices for clam due to exploitation by middle men. Cooperatives
need to play a major role in marketing the clams.

Study further confirmed that shrimp and clam culture systems are seen as the backbone of
the coastal community. Clam culture is making more profit than shrimp, due to less
capital cost and reduced risk. Its successful expansion will definitely improve the family
income and living standards for the people in the provinces.
8. Implementation & Sustainability Issues
8.1. Issues and Constraints
8.2. Options
Technology transfer will be carried out through demonstration by implements
participatory approach. Lead farmers who are already participating in the experimental
trials and selected additional farmers will be involved in the technology demonstration
8.3. Sustainability
No new major constraints identified.

16
9. Next Critical Steps
Following are the next critical steps.
• Complete demonstration trials in all 6 provinces
• Organize workshop to share the result and experience of demonstrations.
• Prepare the final report
10. Conclusion
Project is progressing well in accordance with proposed plan. There is no unexpected
issues were identified.
11. Statutory Declaration

17
STATUTORY DECLARATION

COLLABORATION FOR AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAM

CARD Project Title: - Development of clam culture for improvement and diversification of
livelihoods of the poor coastal communities in Central Vietnam.
CARD Project Number: - 027/05VIE

We the undersigned hereby declare that during the period 1/April/2008 to 31 October
2008. We have delivered the following inputs to assist in implementation of the above
project.

1. PERSONNEL INPUTS

Australian Personnel
Provided (Name)
Days in Vietnam Days in
Australia
Trips to
Vietnam
Dr Martin S Kumar 25 26 2
Dr Bennan Chen/Andrew Ward 15
Other Australian Staff in
collecting references and
assisting with literature review:
Belinda Rodda, Sandy Wyatt
10
Total 24 51 2


Vietnamese Personnel Provided Days in Vietnam

Days in Australia
Mr. Chu Chi Thiet 105
Mr. Nhu Van Can 63
Ms. Nguyen Thi Mai 63
Ms Nguyen Thi Hanh 105
Ms Le Thi Tinh 105
Ms. Nguyen Thi Thuy 105
Mr. Le Duc Giang 63
Mr. Nguyen Xuan Tinh 105
Mr. Nguyen Van Hoang 105
Mr. Le Thanh Ghi 105
Mr. Le Van Dung 105
Mr. Nguyen Ba Luong 105
Mr. Le Anh Tuan 105
Total 1239






18
2. EQUIPMENT AND OTHER SERVICES (details attached)

Signed for the Australian Institution by a
duly authorized officer in the presence of
witness

Signature of Witness





Dr Martin Kumar
Principal Scientist




Dr Bennan Chen
Senior Scientist



3. EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES HANDOVER

This is to certify that the above personnel inputs have been delivered and the
equipment and services identified above provided has been handed over to the Lead
Vietnamese Institution



19

APPENDIX A - Project Progress against Proposed Objectives, Outputs, Activities and Inputs
Project Title: Vietnamese Implementing Institution:
Development of clam culture for improvement and diversification of
livelihoods of the poor coastal communities in Central Vietnam. (Project
No: 027/05VIE)
Aquaculture Research Sub-Institution of North Central Vietnam
(ARSINC)

Objective Narrative Performance Indicator Means of Verification Progress to Date
OBJECTIVE 1

• To develop clam hatchery
technology using updated
marine hatchery facility for
mass production spats

At least two hatcheries in
operation.


6.5 million spats produced in
each hatchery (in addition to
ARSINC facility) by the end of the
project
Seed production technology
manual produced
By the end of the third year each
province one-shrimp hatchery
facility improved enabling to
operate clam seed production.

Mass production trials
completed.
Seed production (Hatchery)
manual submitted.
Technology transferred to 3
private hatcheries.
OUTPUTS1.1

Correlate outputs to objectives.
• Brood stock conditioning
facilities updated
• Technology for live feed
production developed
• Breeding and spawning
technique described
• Larval rearing technique
developed

Infrastructure facilities for
brood stock conditioning at
least two sited completed
Live feed production unit
installed.
Procedure for induced
breeding and spawning of
clams completed.


.
Report and photographic

evidence submitted.
Approximately 12 million spats
need to be produced


• completed infrastructure
installation for 01 clam
hatchery
• production of 3 marine
algae species have been
developed
• Experiment on bloodstock
conditioning has been
implemented
• Larval rearing
experimental protocol has
been implemented
• Around 12 million spats
have been produced
OBJECTIVE 2
To develop grow out technology
fitting to different environmental
and ecological conditions
5 different type of grow out
technology developed in
different environmental and
ecological conditions
At least two sites of each grow
out technology successfully
implemented

- Demonstration in six different
provinces is in progress.
OUTPUT 2.1
• Grow out technology for
Appropriate stocking size At least each province and each
Demonstration following

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Objective Performance Indicator Means of Verification Narrative Progress to Date
rotational culture developed
• Procedure for clam polyculture
with prawn developed
• Developed method for prawn
farm effluent
utilisation/treatment and
simultaneous production of
clams.
• Developed method for prawn
farm influent pre-treatment and
simultaneous production of
clams.
• Developed clam culture
technique in the intertidal area
and density determined
Suitable stocking size,
density and substrate
determined for each culture
types.

Suitable stocking size,
density and substrate and
location determined
culture type, 5 farmers
participated in on farm trials. That
equal to a total of 5 X6 X 2 = 60
farmers (10 farmers per province)
at the second year.

In the third year additional 90
(5x6x3) farmers (15 farmers per
province) further demonstrated
technical guidelines for the Clam
culture.

By the end of the third year, 18
seed production and grow out
technology training for 600-650
farmers/participants organized
culture models are in progress
• Polyculture with prawn
• Grow out in the intertidal
• Grow out as rotational
crop

OBJECTIVE 3
To evaluate project impact on
poor community in the project

area
Data bases regarding socio
economics status pre and
post project implementation
completed
Report submitted
Baseline survey pre-
implementing phase
OUTPUT 3.1
• Socio economic status of the
community before the project
implementation completed.
• Assessment of project impact
completed
Database: socio economic
status of before the project
implementation evaluated.
Project impact assessment.
Socioeconomic data after
the project implementation
Report submitted
Baseline survey has been
implemented and report has
been submitted

ACTIVITIES
1.1.1

Infrastructure facilities clam for
hatchery established

Performance
Indicator
Progress to
Date
Performance
Indicator
Performance Indicator
Progress to
Date

• Brooder conditioning tanks
set-up
Capacity added
Completed Report submitted Development of skilled human
resources
Staff
training
completed

• Live feed production facility
established
Capacity added
Completed Report submitted Development of skilled human
resources
completed

21

• Spawning facility installed
Capacity added

Completed Report submitted Development of skilled human
resources
,,

• Larval rearing tanks set-up
Capacity added
Completed Report submitted Development of skilled human
resources
,,

• Settlement infrastructure
established
Capacity added
Completed Report submitted Development of skilled human
resources
,,
ACTIVITIES
1.1.2
Mass production of clam
spats and manual for clam
hatchery completed


• Brooder selection conditioning
Procedure recorded
Completed Report submitted Minimum risk associated with
all research activities
completed

• Live feed production

Guidelines developed
Completed Guidelines
submitted
Minimum risk associated with
all research activities
completed

• Induced Spawning
Procedure recorded
Completed Report submitted Minimum risk associated with
all research activities
completed

• Larval rearing
Methods established
Completed Report submitted Minimum risk associated with
all research activities
completed

• Larval Settlement
Procedure recorded
Completed Report submitted Minimum risk associated with
all research activities
Completed

• Report on hatchery technical
procedure and management
Hatchery manual
prepared
Completed Manual submitted Minimum risk associated with

all research activities
completed

• Training of two ASINC
technicians
o Live feed
o Data processing and
management
Training conducted
Completed Report submitted Minimum risk associated with
all research activities
Completed
ACTIVITIES
2.1.1
Clam culture in the inter-tidal
area
Prawn and Clam (poly culture
Effluent + clam culture
Reservoir culture
Rotational clam culture

Completed

• Selection of site
Experiment/trial
location identified
Completed Location reported Minimum risk associated with
all research activities
Completed

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