Project Progress Report:Establish nurseries and training to effectively propagate high quality trees and trial plantation models of Macadamia in 3 provinces of North Vietnam - MS2 " doc

Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development

Collaboration for Agriculture & Rural Development


Project Completion Report

Milestone 13


January 2006 to August 2010

Macadamia Project 037/05VIE


Prepared by Martin Novak
Assisted by Prof. Hoang Hoe


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Table of Contents

1. Institute Information________________________________________________________________ 1
2. Project Abstract____________________________________________________________________ 2
3. Executive Summary_________________________________________________________________ 2
4. Introduction & Background __________________________________________________________ 5
5. Progress to Date____________________________________________________________________ 6
5.1 Implementation Highlights __________________________________________________ 6
5.2 Smallholder Benefits _______________________________________________________ 7
5.3 Capacity Building__________________________________________________________ 7

5.4 Publicity__________________________________________________________________ 8
5.5 Project Management _______________________________________________________ 8
6. Report on Cross-Cutting Issues ______________________________________________________ 10
6.1 Environment _____________________________________________________________ 10
6.2 Gender and Social Issues ___________________________________________________ 10
7. Implementation & Sustainability Issues _______________________________________________ 10
7.1 Issues and Constraints _____________________________________________________ 10
7.2 Sustainability_____________________________________________________________ 11
8. Next Critical Steps _________________________________________________________________ 11
9. Conclusion _______________________________________________________________________ 12
10. Statuatory Declaration _______________________________________ Error! Bookmark not defined.
10.1 Personnel Inputs __________________________________________________________ 13
10.1 Equipment and other services _______________________________________________ 14
10.1 Equipment and other services hand over ______________________________________ 15
11. Project Progress Against Objectives, Outputs, Activities And Inputs. _______________________ 16
12. Attachments 1-7 ___________________________________________________ separate attachments

A. Macadamia in Vietnam - Visual Report.
A1. Farmer Thu Dak lak Workshop presentation.

A2. Table of growers and trees planted in Vietnam.

A3. Climate and macadamia in Thailand.

A4. Climatic comparisons between Australian and Vietnamese regions.
A5. South African nursery certification guide.
A6. Final report review notes 2010.

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1. Institute Information
Project Name
Establish nurseries and training to
effectively propagate high quality trees
and trial plantation models of
Macadamia in 3 provinces of North
Vietnam
Vietnamese Institution
Center for Environment, Tourism and
Development (CETD),
Vietnamese Project Team Leader
Prof Hoang Hoe
Australian Organisation
Subtropical Farm Forestry Association
Australian Personnel
Martin Novak, Kim Wilson
Date commenced
10 January 2006
Completion date (original)
15 December 2008
Completion date (revised)
December 2010
Reporting period
January 2006 - December 2010

Contact Officer(s)
In Australia: Team Leader
Name:

Martin Novak
Telephone:
61 2 66895027
Position:
President
Fax:
61 2 66895227
Organisation
Subtropical Farm Forestry
Association
Email:


In Australia: Administrative contact
Name:
Valda Mitchell
Telephone:
61 2 66284372
Position: Administrative Officer Fax: 61 2 66284386
Organisation
Subtropical Farm Forestry
Association
Email:


In Vietnam
Name:
Hoang Hoe
Telephone:
04 8642670, 04

7560233
Position:
Director
Fax:
04 7560233
Organisation
CETD
Email:



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2. Project Abstract

3. Executive Summary

The project, spanning 5 years has helped to bring all the stakeholders together to work
toward a sustainable high value macadamia industry for Vietnam. Beneficiaries have
included farmers, nursery and farm staff and workers, technicians, extension staff, state and
private companies, government agencies, other businesses and households.

The activities of the project have gained support from the Provincial governments and
Peoples Committees of 5 provinces of Vietnam including Hanoi, Hoa Binh, Lang son, Ba vi,
and Daklak.

5 Macadamia training workshops have been held in these 5 provinces. There has also been
training and new technology presented to field staff in all of the relevant agencies in these
provinces.

This has also been complemented by research and training planning sessions in Australia
with Australian collaborators, including the Australian Macadamia Society chairman, the
past Industry Development Officer and a key CSIRO macadamia researcher.

Ongoing regular communication with all known stakeholders has been undertaken
throughout the 5 years.

A focus to strengthen the capacity of a new nursery and 3 existing nurseries involved in
growing macadamia by way of participatory workshops and infield training, has been
maintained throughout the duration of the project. In addition to this technical assistance has
been provided to FSI and WASI also.

This capacity building has been achieved by way of:

• Collaborative preparation of technical information and training material.
During to past 5 years this project has support the propagation in the new macadamia nursery and in the three
existing nurseries. Also 4 principal variety trials of macadamias have been established, of about 1 ha each
involving 14 suitable macadamias varieties, in 4 provinces of north Vietnam. In addition the project is involved
with 3 organizations with nurseries and undertaking 18 other trials. Training has continued to be conducted in
aspects of propagation, grafting, site design and preparation, planting, maintenance and plantation management
at the nurseries and trial sites. This has involved the distribution of CD, DVD and power point presentations as
well as hands on training at 5 formal training workshops, as well as training in the field. 1340 kg of seed nut
from Australia and China have been provided to the nurseries along with 7000 sticks of Scion wood of the
selected varieties and samples of nursery equipment between 2006 and 2010.
A study tour to China was undertaken covering all the major nurseries and some key plantations in southern
China. Reports of this tour including photos and a DVD video have been presented to the key stakeholders in
Vietnam and Australia. A number of 2 way visits have been made since by way of follow up.
A growing select group of small-holder farmers have been chosen to be involved with project activities in the
provinces of Lang Son, Ba vi, Hoa Binh and Dak Lak provinces. In addition the project continues to involve
all known key government agencies involved with Macadamias in Vietnam including MARD, FSI, WASI,
RCFTI, RIFA and RIFV. A number of private sector companies have become increasingly involved, as was the
Macca Club of Vietnam which is now being substituted by the Macadamia Association of Vietnam.
Significant progress has been made with regard to the capacity building of farmers, extension and technical
staff since the commencement of the project in January 2006.


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• Delivery of information, and training at workshops and in the field.
• Delivery of seed and graft stock of at least 17 best bet Varieties.
• Delivery samples of nursery equipment, including grafting planes, tape, wounds
dressing, propagation and potting mix, and potting bags.
• Establishment of a new demonstration nursery based on Australian nursery practice.
Encouraging investment from the private sector and by ensure adequate supply of
quality grafting stock of suitable varieties.

• Preparation and delivery of nursery business plans, records and monitoring systems.
(Attachment A. Project report presentation.)

The project has facilitated the trial of 14 varieties of macadamia in 4 different provinces
including Ba vi, Hoa binh, Daklak and Lang son. This has involved the design and planting
of 4 trials plots in these provinces.

The project has provide seed and graft wood of 17 varieties, to the demonstration nursery, the
4 project partnered research nurseries, as well to FSI and WASI. A select 14 of these
varieties have been used in the variety trials. In addition to this the project has provided
nursery equipment including grafting planes, graft wounds dressing, samples of potting bags
and information via video, CD and hardcopy.

Craig Hardener (CSIRO) and Kim Wilson (AMS) principally undertook the design of the
trials. Both have extensive experience with varietal trials in Australia. Dr Kha FSI and Prof
Hoang Hoe provided review of the design. Because of the limited time frame of the project,
data to fully evaluate the varieties is insufficient to date. It takes 6 to 7 years before
meaningful data is available and 15 to 20 years before varieties can be fully assessed as to
sustainable production of good quality kernel.

Data sheets have been developed and distributed to project participants to utilize so as the
industry has comparative data sets. Results to date have been made available to all the
participating stakeholders and published where appropriate.

Data has been collect for existing and new trial plots, commercial plantations and nurseries
for evaluation and analysis. Spreadsheet models have been developed, provided to
participants, and used by the project team to record and analysis nursery and plantation
enterprises.

A fact finding study tour of South China involving 12 key project participants, including

trainers and researchers was undertaken resulting in the development of collaborative
arrangements with Chinese researchers. A China Tour Report was prepared and delivered to
stakeholders with the first year of the project. Since then there has been an exchange of visits
by project participants, including the project team leaders and their Chinese counterparts.
Chinese researchers have made 7 presentations at 4 training workshops at Lang son, Ba vi
Hanoi and Daklak. Substantial amounts of Chinese select scion-wood and seed nut have been
obtained from some of the Chinese researchers.

The 2 project team leaders as well as Dr Kha and Director Minh have visited Thailand to
assess macadamia developments there. A report on the assessment covering the new
development of the Thai macadamia industry including lessons and opportunities for
Vietnam has been delivered to project participants. The visit established points of contact for
the sourcing of seed and graft material and resulted in 4 Thai researchers delivering a
comprehensive presentation at the Daklak workshop and gifting WASI researchers with
select scion wood.

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Training and technology has been delivered to all 5-project partner organizations, including
their technicians, extension officers, nursery staff and workers, farmers and farm workers,
twice a year by the Australian team. The 5 workshops have contributed significantly to this
training and technology transfer. Additional training has occurred within each organization
and to interested farmers.

Information was delivered on site assessment, plantation design, establishment, management,
and maintenance for small and larger farms. The varietal trials were use for some of this on-
site training.

The project leadership has provided support towards the formalisation of a Macadamia
industry network, based on the successful Australian model (AMS) and other models in

Vietnam and elsewhere. In the first 2 years of the projects activities a number of meetings
were held with Macadamia Club of Vietnam (Mr Tan and associates and other stakeholders).
The unfortunate and untimely death of Mr Loc, the chairman of the time, put a stop to the
planned formation of the Macadamia Association of Vietnam. Since then the formation of the
Daklak Macadamia Association has progressed significantly. It is envisaged that this
association will become the model for other associations, which together will join to form a
national body representing all the stakeholders. The aim will be for this body to assist and
share information, experience and data with existing Macadamia researchers in Vietnam such
as FSI and WASI and work towards a sustainable development of a commercial macadamia
industry.

The project has been promoted via the public media, including national and regional TV,
magazines, newspapers and a media seminar. This has helped to promote the objectives of
the project specifically and the benefits of a macadamia industry for Vietnam in general.
Specific information has been delivered to stakeholders and others via the proceedings of the
workshops, a newsletter, Video, training documentation and hard copy fact sheets.

The project has helped to strengthen extension capacity by linking it to research and the
practitioners. Meetings have been held throughout the project with all of the research
organization and their staff. A protocol has been developed and put in place to ensure
responsibility in capacity building is shared between extension staff, researchers, trainers and
practitioners.

All of the activities outlined above have been made possible though the support of the
Australian and Vietnamese government through Ausaide and the CARD program
(
) and by the hard work and collaboration of all of those involved.
Thanks must go to the hardworking and enthusiastic farmers, to the agency partners and their
excellent staff, to the CARD program team for their professional and friendly assistance and
also to the private enterprises who have contributed greatly of their time and funds. Also the

Australian experts contribution has been invaluable, especially the efforts of Kim Wilson.

The enthusiastic and far sighted support from key members of the Vietnamese government
particularly that of Vice Prime minister of the time Mr Cong Tan and Minister Bong
contributed greatly to the overall success of the project and the developments in the industry
to date.

Special thanks must go to the Vietnamese project team leader Prof. Hoang Hoe, for his vision
and dedication to bring the project to a successful conclusion. Several years of careful
planning and preparation and 5 years of project implementation by the professor, with

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assistance from the Australian team leader Martin Novak have culminated in outcomes that
significantly enhance the development of a macadamia industry in Vietnam.

4. Introduction & Background
This projects principal aim was to assist the start of a commercial macadamia industry in
Vietnam in order to improve the income flow of the farmer and the rural sector. The general
feeling is that it has been successful in achieving this aim.

Vietnam now has a macadamia industry in its early phase of development. There are over
350,000 macadamia trees of suitable quality and varieties, in the nurseries. Most of these
nurseries now have the capacity to expand their production of quality trees. There are a range
of macadamia trials in 12 provinces and several hundred hectares of commercial plantations
being established by smaller farmers and large commercial enterprises, with preparations
under way for hundreds more to be established. Financial modelling undertaken by the
project indicates good returns for both nurseries and plantations. In addition to all this the
country now has a large commercial processing plant near Ho Chi Minh city and another
planned for Thai binh in the north of the country.

The project is concluding its fifth year of activities. Originally it was designed to run for 3
years however with the extension of the CARD Program and careful budgeting it has been
able to continue for another 2 years. This has made it possible to meet its commitment to
achieve its ambitious goals to be the main driving force behind the establishment of a new
horticultural industry for Vietnam. In doing so it has also delivered on its commitment to
meet the aims and goals of the CARD program.

Through the introduction of macadamia tree crops the project has presented opportunities for
farmers to diversify and potentially raise incomes and address environmental problems in the
medium to longer term. Also by working with the strategic partners it has also help them to
build upon their capacity to support the rural sector.

The Project has contributed towards the following CARD framework strategies including the
following:
- Strategy 1: improved productivity and competition of small and medium farms
- Strategy 4: improved management skills of natural resources management and
sustainable development
- Strategy 5: strengthening the participation of partners to management and services the
needs of the rural sector.

The project has also contributed to all of the following results expected from the CARD
Program including:
• Innovations adopted by smallholder agriculture.
• Improved productivity and competitiveness of the agricultural sector.
• Stability through agricultural diversification.
• Knowledge products developed to support agricultural information.
• Further research capacity development of Vietnamese agricultural and rural development
institutions.

It has also contributed to the following Priorities of Vietnams Government:

a. Poverty reduction and food security.
b. Raise employment and income of rural people.
c. Ameliorate infrastructure in rural, health care and education.

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d. Help eliminate differences between regions and the cities.
e. Increase values of export commodities
f. Increase forest cover rate.

The project specifically relates and contributes to the following CARD Framework Strategy
Objectives:
Strategic Objective 2: Improved productivity and links to markets for the rural poor.
Strategic Objective 2.1 Increase rural productivity.
Intermediate Objectives
2.1.1 Increase agricultural efficiency and competitiveness.
Strategic Objective 2.2 Improve the efficiency of on and off farm markets.
Intermediate Objectives
2.2.1 Improve the policy environment for agricultural market.
2.2.3 Increase access to market information.
Strategic Objective 2.4 Reduce vulnerability to environmental and economic shocks.
Intermediate Objective
2.4.2 Increase stability of household income through encouraging diversification of
production and marketing.

5. Progress to Date
5.1 Implementation Highlights
5 successful workshops were held, one each year of the project with increasing attendance
from 40 to over 100 attending the Daklak workshop in 2009. Participants included farmer’s
technicians, research agency staff and management; all had representatives that delivered
highly informative presentations reporting on their various achievements. They included

international presenters representing 4 countries, from Australia, China, Thailand as well as
the Vietnamese contingent. Proceedings have been submitted to CARD as attachments to the
milestone reports and copies are available on the CARD website:

they are also available from the CETD office.

In addition to this there is now a substantial body of translated information on macadamia
generated by the project, particularly for nurseries and for smaller and larger growers. All
this information has been delivered to project partners, and participants of workshops. More
general information has been presented through TV and magazines.

Vietnams national TV has run several promotional programs on macadamia compared by Mr
Hung. Macadamia snack food products are now available in a number of outlets in Hanoi and
Ho Chi Minh city.

A comprehensive publication on Macadamia for Vietnam based on technology from
Australia, China and South Africa, is being prepared by the Vietnamese project leader and
should be completed by the end of the year.

Success of nurseries especially Long Phong Co., Vinamaca Co and Ba vi in scaling up the
production of good quality grafted trees of a selection of best bet varieties has been an
admirable achievement. Long Phong established the new demonstration nursery at Yen
Thuy, demonstrating the Australian techniques of macadamia tree production. In the last 2
years focus has shifted to Daklak where a new company was formed involving Long Phong
directors and investors. This company has built upon the experiences of Yen Thuy and now
is demonstrating innovation in adapting the Australian technology to more cost effective and

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faster production methodology without compromising the quality. Younger trees are being
grafted and grown more quickly.

A strong relationship is developing between Vinamaca and WASI collaborating on research
projects and gaining the support of the Peoples Committee of Daklak and the provincial
government. This has given Vinamaca investors confidence to invest resulting in several
nurseries with over 250,000 quality macadamia trees. It has also provided a commercial
partner for WASI to help prioritise and progress with research.


5.2 Smallholder Benefits
Direct beneficiaries include over 40 smaller farmers, their households and workers who have
attended workshops and training sessions or have made requests for information. Many of
these have also been involved with the variety trials and nurseries as landholders or workers.
Whole villages have benefited also such as those at Yen Thuy where roads were improved,
toilets were built and people trained in new skills.
In Daklak and to a lesser extent Lang son, Ba vi and Hoa Binh, hundreds of farmers have
made enquires about growing macadamia and some have already purchased trees and started
plantings. Unfortunately the project team is not able to get a list of all these, however copies
of fact sheets will be made available to all the relevant enterprises that have indicated that
they have received enquiries.
A training workshop specifically for farmers is planned in Daklak for November. This is now
possible because the project has provided support and training for technicians and extension
staff and because a large number of quality trees of select varieties will be available. The
project through the additional CARD small grant will provide fact sheets designed
specifically for the new small grower and other education material to the participants.
Numbers of participants per session, will need be limited to 100 in order to maintain quality
of delivery. However it is expected that the Daklak Macadamia Association, WASI,
Vinamaca and other agencies and enterprises will pick up this training role into the future.
The project team will attempt to provide some support in 2011 and on if possible.

5.3 Capacity Building

The capacity of the nursery project partners to produce quality macadamia trees has
significantly increased over the five-year life of the project. This is partly due to the project
but also to the nurseries themselves by increasing their efforts in innovation and adopting
new technology.

The project has delivered 17 varieties of select scion wood including 10 best bet varieties
from Australia and 4 from China. They include 264, 344, 741, 849, 816, 842, 814, A4, A38,
A16, A203, A268 and Daddow from Australia. Guy Yan1, 695, 788, Own Choice (OC) were
selected from China. The nurseries themselves have also sourced additional varieties from
China and Thailand including 508, 660, 900 and 800.

All of the nurseries have attended the project training sessions and workshops and trialed
many of the Australian techniques adopting those that best suited them, such as improved
seed beds, grafting methods using the plane, and better potting mix. They have in most case
involved the staff in training by the project, with follow up training by their own trainers. A
comprehensive range of educational and extension material has been produced and

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distributed by the project team. This includes publications, training notes, and video and
photo reports. (Attachment A)

The state owned research centres, have focused more on experimental work, where as the
private enterprises, including Long Phong Co, Ba vi Co, and Vinamaca Co have focused on
cost effective expanded production. The quality of stock produced by Long Phong and
Vinamaca has been excellent.

Research centres particularly WASI and FSI have excelled in their macadamia trials. Both
with input from the project and by their own efforts and innovation, they have developed
research strategies that will provide significant information to help take the industry forward
on a sound footing. Together with the private sector growers, they have demonstrated that

macadamia can grow well in a number of regions of Vietnam, and they are well on the way
to identifying suitable varieties for these regions. Details of this work are in the other project
Milestone reports particularly MS11 and 12, submitted to CARD and available on the
website
and hard copies through the CETD office.

It is too early to assess the efforts of the growers, however there are promising examples of
successful young plantings undertaken by small farmers and larger plantation owners. Small
farmers such as Mr Thu, who gave a power point presentation at the Daklak workshop
(Attachment A1) and Mr Dinh who spoke at the Hanoi workshop are good examples of what
is to come as the industry develops. The new industry now has a significant number of
growers and trees planted to be consider having important commercial potential. (Table of
growers and trees planted in Vietnam Attachment A2)

5.4 Publicity
There has been excellent TV and newspaper coverage of all of the workshops. There have
also been a number of national TV programs on which Mr Hung has promoted the
macadamia industry and its potential. This has enabled the general public in Vietnam to hear
about the “delicious nut from Australia.”

There have been 2 Issues of the “Forest and life Magazine” that have comprehensively
featured the macadamia nut.
The highlight of project publicity was the Seminar and Press meeting held 23
rd
May in Hanoi
in the VIFA Head Office. The Special Issue of the Magazine “Forest and Life” on
Macadamia was launched at this meeting. The meeting was attend by Vietnam Television
(VTV 2, VCTV), Vietnam Radio (Rural Program), News Bulletin of Vietnams Agriculture,
Magazine Commerce, Magazine Rural Economics, Department Science & Technology ,
MARD, National Center for Agriculture Extension, MARD. Prof. Hoang Hoe and Kim

Wilson gave briefings followed by a question and answer session.

Further media coverage is planned for the farmers training workshops in Daklak in
November 2010.

5.5 Project Management
Prof Hoang Hoe the Vietnamese project director, continues to communicate and involve the
government and private sector project partners and others in the activities of the project
particularly in the workshops, planning meetings and in overseeing the trial and nursery
training sites. He is also instrumental in bring together the interim macadamia association

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members introducing constitutional options and concepts for the macadamia industry
strategy. In addition to this he is involved in research planning sessions with WASI and
developing proposals for research priorities to MARD. He has become key advisor to the
private sector companies particularly Long Phong Co. and Vinamaca Co.

Martin Novak, the Australian project director has coordinated the activities with partners
abroad and ensured project objectives are achieved. He has involved the Australian partners
in project planning sessions and ensured delivery of technical information from Australia and
Thailand. He is principally involved, along with support from Prof. Hoang Hoe, in the
delivery of the project Milestones and all reports associated with these.

It is envisaged that as this project comes to an end there will be a need for the formation of a
body which will play a key role in managing developmental issues particularly in helping to
balance the interests of all the stakeholders. A Macadamia Association of Vietnam should be
such a body and the project team has worked towards the formation of such a body.

Now that the Macca Club, is no longer active since the death of its chairperson Mr Loc, focus
has sifted to form an association in Daklak, where an interim committee has been formed

whose membership includes the Vietnamese project director Prof Hoang Hoe, Mr. Y Ly
Chairman of the Ethic Union and representatives of WASI and Vinamaca Co.
The Australian Constitution of the Macadamia Society has been translated into Vietnamese
and sent it to the Mobilizing Board for the formation of Daklak Macadamia Association as a
principal reference. This committee has also collected other Constitutions including that of
the Macadamia Club and related associations.
The committee has also involved Mr. Dinh Van Khiet, Vice – Chairman of the Dak Lak
People’s Committee in the formation of Daklak Macadamia Association and received his
support. An official letter has been sent to the Dak Lak People’s Committee and DARD
requesting approval for the formation of Dak Lak Macadamia Association. Representatives
of the Interim committee including Mr. Y Ly, representatives of Vinamaca Co, and WASI
have met with the Mobilizing Board to discuss preparatory tasks for the formation of Daklak
Macadamia Association.
They have also had a meeting with thee Leader of Union of Science & Technology
Associations of Daklak province represented by Mr. Nguyen An Vinh, President and Mr.
Nguyen Quoc Tri, Vice-president. Both of them supported the formation of the association
and affirmed that once the Dak Lak Macadamia Association is established, it will be
accepted as a member of the Union.
Recommendations, guidelines and priorities are being developed for the association by the
Australian project team. Recommendations include:
• Form a research and development committee to facilitate and priorities research and
help coordinate research bodies and activities.
• Development of a macadamia tree database.
• Membership fee structure needs to be set.
• The association needs to represent all stakeholders of the industry.
• The association needs to develop guidelines for nursery accreditation such as that of
the South African model.
• Serious consideration needs to be given to the association being a national association

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from the start, rather than just representing Daklak.


6. Report on Cross-Cutting Issues
6.1 Environment
Project participants have been monitoring and reporting on any environmental impacts,
however, so far in Vietnam there continue to be no significant negative environmental
impacts.

FSI has the longest history of research into macadamia in Vietnam. So far they have not
found any significant problems relating to the impact on the environment. In fact where
agricultural activities that have significant negative impacts, such as the clearing and
cultivating of steep land for annual corn crops in Son la, tree crops such as macadamia with
perennial intercropping or ground covers would help with the degradation.

The Australian experience shows that soil erosion, chemical runoff and noise pollution can
become problems in areas that have more mature orchards. Vietnams macadamia industry
needs to plan for these potential problems well ahead of time. As in Australia, this can be the
role of the Macadamia Association to ensure any immerging issues are identified and then
develop strategies to address these.

6.2 Gender and Social Issues
There have been no new gender or social issues throughout the 5 years of the project other
that the inequitable spread of gender roles. As stated in earlier reports approximately half of
technicians and workers in the nurseries are women. They play an equal role to that of the
men both in terms of work and capacity building. However leadership is still dominated by
men.

The project leaders continue to encourage participating organizations to utilize the role of
women, on their staff and in their workforce where possible.

7. Implementation & Sustainability Issues
7.1 Issues and Constraints
Climatic factors and water availability can place constraints as to where macadamias can be
grown. Macadamia require minimum temperatures between 14 and 18 degrees for several
days to initiate flowering, otherwise trees can grow well but do not flower. (Attachment 3)
Also high humidity or rain during flowering can cause problems with fungus on the flowers
inhibiting fruit set. This was noted in the northern provinces such as Lang son. On the other
hand hot and dry conditions during flowering can also inhibit nut set and cause premature nut
drop. It appears that water availability for irrigation may be critical when growing
macadamia, however the amount of water required may not be as much as that needed for a
crop such as coffee. Comparative climatic data between Australian regions and regions in
Vietnam have been made and are attached. (Attachment 4)


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The issue confronting small farmers in terms of relatively high costs to start and long time
frames for cash flow to become positive, has been raised at workshops and press meetings.
This highlights the need for government or investor support for small farmers and also
incentives for bigger players in the developmental stages of the macadamia industry. Tax
incentives were the kick-start to the macadamia industry in Australia. Vietnam also needs
some type of mechanism to address this problem.
Minister Bong raised the issue of certification of varieties during meetings with the project
leaders. It appears that it maybe a requirement before MARD can undertake extension and
other support. It was pointed out by the Australian team that Australia has never had or
needed this type of certification nor does it exist anywhere else in the world for macadamia.
The minister was advised that perhaps certification of nurseries could address the issue. This
is something that is done in South Africa and the AMS is considering the implications of it
for Australia. (Attachment 5)

The project team continues to work towards the formation of a Macadamia Association for
Vietnam, which can lead the industry as it develops. This association will play a critical role
in development of a sustainable industry for Vietnam. The progress to date in the formation
of such a body has been detailed above in Section 5.4

7.2 Sustainability
The macadamia industry in Vietnam is still in its early stages of development, however the
project leadership is not aware of any significant issues or constraints that impact negatively
on the sustainable development of this industry to date. To the contrary, all indications are
that the industry will become viable, especially if the experience of Australia and China is
used as a model for development. This view is supported by the principal research
organisation, FSI and WASI who also have not found anything significant that threatens
sustainability.

Providing the issues and constraints detailed above are tackled constructively the industry
should continue to develop into the future.

8. Next Critical Steps
The project is coming to an end in its formal stage, however the project team intends to do all
in its power to continue to support the industry in whatever way possible. Some project funds
should be able to be carried forward into next year and continue some of the training
activities for farmers and nurseries. There should also be opportunities to assist the formation
and early phase of the Macadamia Association.

The next critical steps for the remainder of this year will be supported by the Small Projects
grant. They include the following:

• Publication of a macadamia growers hand book detailing establishment and early tree
management. This will include information relating to cost and returns of macadamia
nut orchards.

• Production of a strategy and action plan for improved varieties of macadamia suitable
for Vietnam.
• Production of guidelines for Vietnamese Macadamia Association and establish a
steering committee in Daklak.

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• Supply select scion-wood and grafting equipment to private sector nurseries to ensure
high quality macadamia trees in Daklak.
• Preparation is under way for participatory farmer in-field training sessions utilising
the experience of local farmers complimented by international extension in Daklak.
These are scheduled for November.
A proposal for an ACIAR project has been developed hopefully to commence within a year
or 2. This has been submitted to ACIAR representatives in Hanoi and Canberra and a
response is awaited. The focus is on the selection of suitable varieties for the Northwest
Highlands smallholders. The proposed approach combines research with development and
extension. Team members would include, Mr Kim Jones, Cropwatch Independent
Laboratory, Prof Hoang Hoe, Center for Environment Tourism and Development (CETD)
Vietnam, Kim Wilson, Gray Plantations and Martin Novak, Sub Tropical Farm Forestry
Association (SFFA) Australia.

The industry will require further support as it progress to the next stage of early development.
WASI has gained support from MARD to expand its research. It is hoped that FSI will also
continue its research efforts. They both will be critical for the industry in their work into the
future.

A number of private sector companies have already committed resources to the nursery and
plantation industry particularly in the central highlands, including Vinamaca. These
enterprises have well developed plans into the future and others are set to follow as the
industry gains momentum.

9. Conclusion
In the past 5 years the macadamia industry has made significant advances, from an industry
that really was non-existent, to one that can now be consider having a commercial status
upon which a substantial sustainable industry can develop.

This CARD project, including the project team and its partners, has made a significant
contribution towards this progress during this period. Thanks again must go to all of those
involved for their vision, innovation and effort in involving themselves in the project
activities specifically and in the industry as a whole.

Globally macadamias contribute to only 2% of the world’s nut trade. China one of the worlds
biggest and fastest growing economies has started to increase its consumption of the nut and
will drive a promising market for it. Vietnam’s macadamia industry stands positioned to
benefit significantly from this expanding market.

The difficult first stage is over and the basics of the industry are in place. The industry has
the knowledge and technology to produce quality tree stock, growers that have been the early
initiators have demonstrated their ability to grow good orchards and the researchers (FSI and
WASI particularly) have shown their ability to increasingly support this development. Early
investors (Long Phong Co, Vinamaca Co and others) have become involved and
demonstrated their commitment in this early stage and now stand to benefit along side the
rest of the industry as it commercialises its development and attracts further investment.

There are a number of international models of macadamia development that Vietnam can
benefit from, particularly those that the project has partnered with, including Australia, China
and Thailand. All of these have provided valuable lessons for Vietnams stakeholders.

13
Australia has been a driving force and provided financial support, (Ausaide CARD program),
expertise and select varieties. China has provided seed and scion wood. Thailand has

provided a model of industry development based on value- adding.

Vietnam stands to gain significant social, economic and environmental benefits from a new
macadamia industry. If the past five years are anything to judge by, the future success of the
industry is assured.








14
Project Progress Against Proposed Objectives, Outputs, Activities And Inputs
10 January 2006 to 30 August 2010
Project Title: Establish nurseries and training to effectively propagate high quality trees and trial plantation models of Macadamia in 3 provinces
of North Vietnam.

Vietnamese Implementing Institution: Centre for Environment, Tourism and Development (CETD), Vietnam Forestry Science & Technology
Association (VIFA)


PROPOSAL Progress Report
Narrative Information Required Performance Measures Assumptions Information Required
OBJECTIVE 1
Bring all the stakeholders together to work
toward a sustainable high value Macadamia
industry for Vietnam.
Beneficiaries include farmers, nursery and

farm workers, technicians, extension staff,
state and private companies, government
agencies, other businesses and house holds.
Most known stakeholders are now
involved in the project in one form
or other.
That all stakeholders are
meaningfully involved in
the project and benefit in
the capacity building
endeavours.
All known stakeholders were invited to
participate in the relevant activities of the
project. Most attended all of the training
workshops and field training sessions.
Partners included WASI, FSI, NESFE Ba
vi Cong Co, Long Phong Co, Vinamaca
Co
OUTPUT 1.1
6 month report on activities and outcomes
Activity 1.1.1
Prepare the agenda for the design process. Input from all stakeholders. Chains
of responsibility collaboratively
designated.
It is too early to judge if
there is a balance of
competing interests.
The key stakeholders continue to
exchange data and progressively
implement aspects of information,

equipment and skills gained in training.
Activity 1.1.2
Hold workshop sessions in Vietnam 2 workshops each year in Vietnam
bring stakeholders together.
That stakeholders will
implement skills and
information delivered.
Training sessions and workshops were
held at Hanoi, Ba vi, Lang son, Daklak
and Yen Thuy. 5 formal workshops were
held over the life of the project. 1 a year.
Activity 1.1.3
Hold several workshop sessions in Australia
with collaborators.
2 workshops each year for design,
capacity gap strategies and
scientific review.
That the outcome of these
sessions will be effective
in Vietnam.
2-4 planning meetings were held each
year, to review project development.
Noted problems were assessed and
recommendations have been
communicated with Vietnamese

15
participants.
Activity 1.1.4
Regular and ongoing communication with

stakeholders
Phone, Newsletter and Email
Bulletin reporting project activities
and progress.
That communication
results in improved
activity.
Regular and ongoing communication
continued to take place between all
involved in Vietnam. Regular email
communication is ongoing with the
Australian team. The general public were
informed via nation TV and The Forest
and Life Magazine features
OBJECTIVE 2

Strengthen the capacity of 3 existing
nurseries.
Production of good stock of
suitable varieties of Macadamia.
Nurseries are capable of
improved performance
based on international
experience
Over 7000 pieces of graft wood have
been distributed to the 3 nurseries, FSI
and WASI of varieties including 246,
344, 741, 849, A4, A16, A38 and new
varieties A203, A268 and Daddow from
Australia and QN1, 695, 788, OC from

China & Thailand. And 10,000 scion
from China was also obtained by Yen
Thuy and other participant nurseries.
OUTPUT 2.1

6 monthly report.

Seedling germination, stock quality
and survival.


That good data be provide
by the nurseries
Data has been collected, including
germination and graft success rates by the
nurseries progressively. (Details are
provided in the MS12 Report)
Activity 2.1.1
Collaborative preparation of information and
training material.
Information on nursery design for
existing nurseries. On potting
mixes, grafting materials,
propagation and management
techniques.
That there is suitable
compatibility between
Australian and
Vietnamese existing
systems and that of

nursery needs.
Training and information delivery has
been undertaken involving Australian
trainers and Vietnamese technicians at all
the principal nurseries. This information
was delivered as verbal and hands on
presentations, translated publications and
papers, PPT presentations, DVD video
and photos. Attachment 6
Activity 2.1.2
Deliver information, and training. 2 workshops each year 2
Australian trainers 2 Vietnamese
international guests
and on-going training for
That delivery has been
structured to allow for
skills and knowledge
variations between
In addition to the training sessions above
preparation for farmer and nursery
training in the Central Highlands is
planned for 2010 & 2011 by way of

16
Technicians and staff supported by
IT communiqués and 3 Vn
expertise visits each year.
workers and technicians
in Australia and Vietnam.
workshops and extension.

Activity 2.1.3
Deliver seed and graft stock of at least 10 best
bet Varieties.
Each nursery to receive at least 100
kg seed nut, 1000 sticks of graft
and bud wood from the 10 varieties
each year plus replacement stock.
That Australian varieties
will result in significantly
better performance in
Vietnam.
Ba vi, Lang son, FSI, WASI, Vinamaca
and Yen Thuy nurseries received over
700 sticks of graft wood from the 10
Australian varieties including 3 new
varieties. 10,000 pieces of Scion from
Long Zhou China and Thailand has been
obtained by FSI, WASI, Ba vi Long
Phong Co and Vinamaca Co
Activity 2.1.4
Deliver samples of nursery equipment,
including grafting planes, tape, wounds
dressing, propagation and potting mix, and
potting bags.
Each nursery has received 2 of
each for trials and if successful
then more can then be sourced
from Vn. or China .
That Au equipment and
materials will result in

better performance.
Australian grafting planes, boxes of
grafting tape, wounds dressing and
potting bags were delivered to nursery
partners. Formulas for potting mix were
also provided.
OBJECTIVE 3
Establish a new model nursery to demonstrate
Australian nursery practice. To provide
opportunity for investment and to ensure
adequate supply of stock.
Production of good stock of
suitable varieties of Macadamia.
Producing at least 3000 grafted
seedlings of a minimum of 10
Varieties.
Nursery based on
Australian design is
capable of improved
performance.
The new nursery at Yen Thuy has had
success with the production and
propagation of seedlings and grafted
trees. It has found partners in Daklak and
established several larger nurseries
producing over 250,000 trees.
OUTPUT 3.1

6 monthly report.

Refurbishment progress. Seedling
germination, stock quality and
survival.
That good data be provide
by the nursery staff.
The Australian team has been happy with
progress in the new nurseries. (Refer to
MS 12 Report)
Activity 3.1.1
Collaborative preparation of information
relating to refurbishment and training
materials. Prepare Nursery business plans
records and accounts.
Information on nursery design for
the new nursery. On potting
mixes, grafting materials,
propagation and management
techniques. Business plans.
That there will be suitable
compatibility between
existing material and
systems and that need for
this project and that this
can be addressed.
Data on nursery production is included in
MS 12 Report including spread-sheet
models.

17
Activity 3.1.2

Refurbish and restore nursery in Hoa binh
Yen Thuy. ( It was decided to build a totally
new facility in Yen Thuy and Daklak)
Clean up site. Repair and rebuild
structures. Prepare seed beds,
shaded areas. Introduce
propagation mixes and seed.
That standard and speed
of local workers is good.
These new nurseries continue to act as a
training centre for nursery staff and
technicians.
Activity 3.1.3
Deliver information, and training. 2 workshops each year 2
Australian trainers 2 Vietnamese.
and on-going training for
Technicians and staff supported by
IT communiqués and 3 Vietnam
expertise visits each year.
That delivery can be
structured to allow for
skills and knowledge
variations between
workers and technicians.
Onsite training continues to take place at
the new nurseries.
Activity 3.1.4
Deliver seed and graft stock of at least 10 best
bet Varieties.
The nursery to receive 400 kg seed

nut, 2000 sticks of graft and bud
wood from the 10 + varieties year
06 & again in 07 + replacement
stock.
That Australian
specifications will result
in significantly better
performance in Vietnam.
The nurseries received graft wood from
Australia and China which has been
grafted successfully. Details are reported
in MS12 report.
Activity 3.1.5
Deliver samples of nursery equipment,
including grafting planes, tape, wounds
dressing, propagation and potting mix, and
potting bags.
The nursery to receive 4 of each
for trials and if successful the
remainder can then be sourced
from Vn. or China .
That Au equipment and
materials will result in
better performance.
The nurseries received 2 of each sample
grafting planes, tape, sample potting bags.
Activity 3.1.6
Operate nursery for production, demonstration
and training purposes
Follow business plans, propagation

& training schedules
That 3 years is sufficient
for business to become
sustainable.
The nurseries continue to be used for
demonstration and training with
increasing effectiveness. They involve the
local farmers and villages as staff well as
visitors from the research centres.
OBJECTIVE 4
Trial at least 10 varieties of macadamia in 3
difference provinces Ba vi, Hoa binh and
Lang son of Vietnam.
Provide data on the performance of
the different varieties in the
different sites
That 10 + varieties chosen
capture the best for
Vietnam’s conditions.
17 varieties now have been made
available from the project, to nurseries,
including 13 from Australia 246, 344,
741, 814, 816, 842, 849, A4, A16, A38
A203, A268 and Daddow and 4 from
China OC, 695, 788 and QN 1.
OUTPUT 4.1

6 monthly reports

18

Activity 4.1.1
Design and plant 12 trial plots.
A collaborative decision will be made
establish 3 trial plots (Yen Thuy Ba vi Van
Linh) and work closely with FSI WASI and
Vinamaca Co trial plots

Compare the growth habit, growth
rate, (beyond the project, yield of
first grade kernel, kernel quality)
of macadamia varieties grown at
different densities at various sites
in Vietnam.
Assumption is that all
critical variables are
constant throughout the
trials.
3 sites of approximately 1 ha each have
been designed and selected as the
principal trial sites at Ba vi, Lang son,
Van Linh, Hoa Binh Yen Thuy. 14
varieties are being trailed at each site. In
addition NESFE, FSI, WASI have 19
plots now 199 Co trees from Thai Binh
Foods and Vinamaca Co have more.
Activity 4.1.2
Develop formats for comparative data sets
collaboratively as above.
Data must be of value to all
stakeholders be they research or

production oriented.
Assumption is that
existing data sets are
some what comparative.
Data continues to be collected from the
nurseries and trials and entered in spread-
sheet models, a Nursery Tree Flow
Model, Nursery Financial Model,
plantation models and Trial data sheets.
Data is available for variety analysis only
when trees are 6+ years old.
Activity 4.1.3
Results will be made available to all
stakeholders and published where appropriate.
A range of publications is to result
aimed at the farmers, technicians,
the agricultural scientists &
investors with some also having a
science focus.
Assumption is that
participants will utilise
the material effectively.
All workshop proceedings have been
distributed to all known stakeholders.
Some general information has been
distributed, via TV and Forest & Life
Magazine features, the Nursery Manual,
and a newsletter however details are in
MS11 Report.

19
OBJECTIVE 5
Undertake a fact finding study tour of South
China. 10-12 key project participants,
including trainers and researchers.
Assess performance of varieties,
availability of good seed and graft
wood and grafted trees.
Assume that materials are
select and true to
designated varieties and
free from disease.
Completed. (See MS 2and MS 8 Report.)
OUTPUT 5.1
Tour Report prepared and delivered to
stakeholders with the first 6 monthly report.
Report will be based on input from
all the participants.
Assumption that
information provided is
consistent with accepted
international standards.
The study tour report is completed and
has being distributed to all on CD MS 2
Annex 3)
A DVD Video and Photo CD have been
distributed and are available from CETD
or SFFA
Activity 5.1.1
Finalise agenda for tour with Chinese counter

parts and plan participants roles. Develop data
formats that relate to required nursery and trial
information.
Each participant will be
responsible to gather information
in relation to their area of expertise
and experience using the formats.
Assume that the
information is relevant
and of value to the
project.
Completed. (Reported in MS 2 Report)
Activity 5.1.2
Undertake tour based on plans and
preparation. Exchange information in a
collaborative fashion. Aim at strengthening
relations for the future
Gather and record information both
written and visual. Arrange the
purchase of required material.
Assume that Chinese will
also value the
relationship.
As a result of the tour and the
relationships developed Chinese
delegations took part in the Lang son, Ba
vi, Hanoi and Daklak Training
Workshops. And seed and scion have
been acquired as a result of contacts made
on the tour and since.

Activity 5.1.3
Assess the tour based on the report and follow
up with Chinese counterparts and put final
arrangements in place maintain relationships
and source materials.
Implement findings and
recommendations of tour team
Collect and distribute sourced
materials.
Assume that the
relationship will be
sustainable.
An ongoing relationship continues with
Chinese counter parts. Scion wood (OC,
788, QN1, 800, 900, 695, 246) was
obtained during the life of the project.
OBJECTIVE 6
Assess Macadamia developments in Thailand.
Project leaders to undertake the assessment.
Review the mistakes of the past
development at Chiang Mai and
Chiang Rai and compare it to new
initiatives in central Thailand.
Assume that there are
lessons to be learnt and
that there will be mutual
benefits for both Vietnam
and Thailand
A tour was undertaken of Macadamia in
Thailand in October 2008. Vietnamese

project participants include Dr Kha, Prof
Hoang Hoe, Martin Novak and Hoang Le
Minh.
OUTPUT 6.1
Report on the assessment as a part of the first
6 month project report.
Report was prepared by Martin for
project team and delivered. MS8 report
A7

20
Activity 6.1.1

Short visit to Thailand to assess the new
development of the Macadamia industry and
seek lessons opportunities for Vietnam
Assess nursery and varietal
performance. Note any innovative
technologies and creative
development aspects.
Regional variations may
be very different to make
accurate comparisons.
A preliminary visit was made by Martin
Novak in 2007 and the full Vietnamese
delegation visit was made in October
2008 after the Hanoi final workshop. MS
8 Report A7

Activity 6.1.2

Establish points of contact for the sourcing of
seed and graft material and any potentially
mutually beneficial activities for the future.
Assess availability and quality of
seed and graft material.
Prepare report on the above.
Assumption that Thai
counterparts will be
willing to work towards
mutual benefits.
A Thai delegation of 4 attended and
presented at the Daklak workshop and
delivered select scion to WASI. (MS 11
report A9)
OBJECTIVE 7
Undertake participatory training for
technicians, extension officers, nursery staff
and workers, farmers and farm workers.
Outcomes would include training
materials, capacity building
amongst trainees and their
organisations
Assumption that
participatory training
techniques are suited to
previous history and
culture of trainees
Training was conducted at Lang son Ba
vi, Yen Thuy Hanoi and Daklak involving
research managers, technicians, extension

officers, nursery staff, farmers and
workers.
OUTPUT 7.1
Report on the training as a part of the 6 month
project reports.

Activity 7.1.1 Deliver information, and training in site
assessment, plantation design, establishment,
management, and maintenance for small and
larger farms. Include trial sites and their staff.
Incorporate information on varietal trials.
2 workshops each year 2
Australian trainers 2 Vietnamese.
and on-going training for
Technicians, farmers workers and
others supported by IT
communiqués and 3 Vietnam
experts visits each year.
Assume that delivery can
be structured to allow for
skills and knowledge
variations between
workers and technicians.
Training was participatory and involved
hands on demonstrations of site
assessment, trial requirements, grafting
techniques and equipment as well as
supporting formal presentations
incorporating video, PPT and
participatory discussions. (Report in all

MS Reports)

21
OBJECTIVE 8
Support the formalisation of a Macadamia
industry network. Based on the successful Au
model (AMS) and other models in Vn and
elsewhere.
Review a range of peak body
models. Report to project
stakeholders.
Risk that this model is not
appropriate to current
Vietnam governance
situation.
The Australian Macadamia Society
(AMS) continues to be favoured as the
most appropriate model for Vietnam.
OUTPUT 8.1
Report on the progress as a part of the 6
month project reports.
Report is provided in the Small Projects
Progress Report on the well advanced
activities in Daklak are being undertaken
to form an association.
Activity 8.1.1 Arrange a meeting of the existing Macadamia
Club of Vietnam ( Mr Tan and associates and
other stakeholders)
Present models, options and
recommendations to all

stakeholders for discussion and
prioritisation
Risk that stakeholders
will consider own interest
against that of the
industry as a whole.
The AMS constitution has been
translated and presented to the Steering
committee. Meetings are ongoing with all
the relevant bodies and it is expect
formation will take place before 2011.

22
OBJECTIVE 9
Assist and share information, experience and
data with existing Macadamia researchers in
Vietnam in particular with FSI and Dr Kha.
Detail existing collaborative
agreements with these
organizations, identifying shared
benefits.
Assumption that any
differing interests can find
common ground
Meetings and sharing of information have
continued between project leaders and
FSI, WASI, Ba vi, Long Phuong Co. and
Vinamaca Co.
OUTPUT 9.1
6 month reports on progress Reports of collaboration are detailed in

the previous MS reports. WASI has
invited input from the project team on
planning session which have been
attended by Prof. Hoang Hoe
Activity 9.1.1
Hold meetings with FSI, CSIRO and others to
implement design of the trial models and Data
Collection formats and Data Bases so that
they are compatible with those used by these
organizations and provide the required
information
Data includes the growth habit,
growth rate, (beyond the project,
yield of first grade kernel, kernel
quality) of macadamia varieties
grown at different densities at
various sites in Vietnam.
Assumption is that trial
models and data
collection can conform to
what already exists.
All key participants are providing reports
and relevant data is being entered into the
latest versions of the spread-sheet models.
These are being made available to
participants for comment and use. Final
validation is detailed in MS12 + MS11
Reports
Activity 9.1.2
Provide seed and graft wood to the principal

3 research nurseries and FSI ensuring at least
10 Varieties. Provide nursery equipment as
detailed in the previous reports and
Annexures.
Nursery to receive 100 kg seed
nut, 1000 sticks of graft and bud
wood from the 10 varieties each
year plus replacement stock.
Nursery equipment, including
grafting planes, tape, wounds
dressing, propagation and potting
mix, and potting bags.
That Australian
specifications will result
in significantly better
performance in Vn.
Seed, (1340 kg) scion wood (7000) and
equipment have been delivered as
mentioned above. Additional varieties
have been delivered to satisfy requests
from nurseries.



OBJECTIVE
10
Collect data for existing and new trial plots
and nurseries and undertake evaluation and
analysis.
Data will include the growth habit,

growth rate, (beyond the project,
yield of first grade kernel, kernel
quality) of macadamia varieties
grown at different densities at
various sites in Vietnam.
Assumption is that trial
models and data
collection can conform to
what already exists.
Data with regard to propagation of seed
and graft success is being collected. Data
with regard to trials is now being
collected. Baseline data collection was
completed, as is preliminary analysis. MS
3 & 6 reports.
OUTPUT 10.1 6 month reports on progress Final analysis is reported in MS11 & 12
Reports

23
Activity 10.1.1
Implement compatible data bases for existing
and new trial plots and nurseries.
Data bases to be collaboratively
finalised within the first 3 months
of the project and based on the
above.
Data is being collected in an ongoing
fashion and continues to be entered into
the models mentioned earlier. These have
been reported on and delivered to all

participants progressively.
Activity 10.1.2
Undertake measurements every 3 months
collection of data every 6 months
All other activities are to be recorded as they
occur.
Data to be enter as soon as
measurements are taken and copies
sent to the science team
Assumption that
technicians will be
diligent in their role.
However checks will be
made every 3 months.
Most available data to date has undergone
analysis and reported at the Lang son and
Ba vi Workshops. The spreadsheet
models mentioned above, have been used
for the analysis, MS 11 & 12 reports.
OBJECTIVE
11
Inform stakeholders and others and promote
the objectives of the project specifically and
the benefits of a Macadamia industry
generally.
Promotion to target specific
audiences with related interest
primarily.
All known stakeholders have been or are
being provide with all the reports referred

to above and delivered in the workshops
and referred to in the Annex’s In addition
to this the broader media has been used to
promote the activities of the project via
national TV and Forest and Life
Magazine.
OUTPUT 11.1 Report on progress every 6 months
Activity 11.1.1
Develop newsletter and website both to
provide information and promote the project.
Range of articles to be balance in content
based on project objectives.
Distribution is principally to stakeholders.
I newsletter every 6 months to
include project activities of note
and other relevant Macadamia
news 1 website to promote the
project.
The first Newsletter has been superseded
by the Forest and Life magazine features.
The last feature was in 2009. The website
has been deferred since there is the
CARD website.
Activity 11.1.2
Publish training documentation.
Modules to cover aspect of the project as they
arise.
Training modules to be published
progressively coinciding with
workshops and aimed at trainees

The Introductory Training modules have
been translated and distributed to
technicians, farmers and other
stakeholders at all Training sessions and
workshops, as has the Nursery Manual,
Newsletter and now the magazine
features.
All 5 Workshop Proceedings been
distributed to all participants and other
interested stakeholders. A comprehensive