nghiên cứu công nghệ gpon và ứng dụng cho mạng truy nhập băng rộng của vnpt hà nội (công ty điện thoại hà nội 3)

NHẬN XÉT CỦA GIÁO VIÊN HƯỚNG DẪN





























Đồng ý/Không đồng ý !"#

$%&'&%() &*
+ ,-
NHẬN XÉT CỦA GIÁO VIÊN PHẢN BIỆN






























Đồng ý/Không đồng ý !"#
$%&'&%() &*
+ "
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Mục lục
MỤC LỤC
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Danh mục các hình vẽ và đồ thị
DANH MỤC CÁC HÌNH VẼ VÀ ĐỒ THỊ
$./012(.,3 242,56%" 27
$.//89.,3 242,56%" 27
$./:;2<=>27;9()=$%&/?@&A)$%&
$./B&2(C+AD&
$./E;2",56FA)@G@HIJ))K
$./L;2",56FMMIJ))K
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Danh mục các bảng
DANH MỤC CÁC BẢNG
;N!*9O7 P=,56 Q
A6P6Q&242,56*%" 27*0RQBO7;9(
)=$%&/?@&A)$%&Q
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Danh mục các ký hiệu và chữ viết tắt
DANH MỤC CÁC KÝ HIỆU VÀ CHỮ VIẾT TẮT
Viết tắt Tiếng Anh Tiếng Việt
STU S,7M,T("U7,7 ;2VW X
SPM S)8"7PM ;I2,%"4S)8
SPPYFH SPP7F,MZM [\,="]5
SAD& S)8A7MD"7P&M^_ 8=>276S)8
S)8 S(2)7ZM8,M ;X2(I_9
[;$ [MY;72,2Y$>2M7 8W[;$
[T` [T`7M )aPPb

[FA [FMPM7M,A7( [_7cPd
[PM [^7"PM ;I2,%*9
[YAD& [7,7,A7MD"7P&M^_ 8=>276*
[e [7,^ [*9
[e7" [7,^7" [*9
;`; ;(P`M,2,7(;M_ f7g,
H[S H(7[7,^SM A]5*9
H[` HMM[`7M )!,75
H[`2
H(7[7,^`M"h"M7
[  *9P2P
HUi H7PU2MiM j,](27!
TAD& TMMA7MD"7P&M^_ 8=>276TMM
J;U J7M;M_UM>2MM HW(_7_2
JT; J^7,T;M Uk7Pb
J))[ JMM[2P, ; ">27!X%%
J)); JMM;2 ; ">27!X6,]
J))$ JMM$M ; ">27!X%27
+T8 +YAD&T7"2P78M, Almnn+AD&
+A8 +YAD&A(7P8M,7 89j\Po+AD&
+AD& +7A7MD"7P&M^_ 8=>276+7
+); +YAD&)7;MMM $62(I,-+AD&
$T; $M7,MT;P I2_Pb%42
DS8 D"M7S,7
87M7M
@\%'>2Po',p
DH& D"7PH2&M^_ 8="]"!>27
Di) D"7PiM)M7P )X5_X2!j>27
D8;F
D&h877MM7,;P

FMZ7M
+7  ,  >2  Po  %  I2  _
D&h
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Danh mục các ký hiệu và chữ viết tắt
Viết tắt Tiếng Anh Tiếng Việt
D&) D"7P&M^_)M7 )X5_X2!=>27
D&h D"7P&M^_h
)X5422!>27j,q
D&hYFH D&hF,MZM &\,=D&h
A;[, A(7P;P[P_,^M7
f!I2_\PoK2!
AHh APH77h l5!P27m
APM, A7(P7,iM,^M7 ;I2,%K2!
AiF A7(P7,iMF,7 ;55I2,%
AiDS8 A(7Pi7(MDS8 i"\PoDS8
AiDS8, AiDS8,^M7 AiDS8K2!
AiDS82 AiDS82"M7 AiDS8P
AiD2 A(7Pi7(MDMM7,2"M7 8%42P"\PoP
AiU2 A^MiMMPPUM>2MM2"M7 I2_92P
A8H A(7P8M,2HM"M,M A629j\Po
AD& A7MD"7P&M^_ 8=>276
AYFH AF,MZM &\,=r
A)F A7(P7,)("MF,7 ;N5P=
`)H `2,)"HMP7( )s_m
UHh UMMH77h l5,P2,56
); )7;MMM $62(I,-
)Y;D&) )7;7M f!2(I,-
)H8S )MH82P"PMSM 72(\"Mj7
)H8 )MH82P"PMK +t"_Mj7
@; @27P;7MP f

@;F @27P;7MPF,MZM &\,=_
@AF @27PA7F,MZM &\,=j
eH8 e7MPMH82P"PMK +t"_Mn
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Mở đầu
MỞ ĐẦU
&%(7('X77_a2(O7I_Xm'n
9P%P3<V(3" O7KWHn'2422(I9
%(%PI2,56*G!7%7"lj
!_X?KWO7u>2!7v_X!%42 "mw
7gP3<V(3" O7_a2(9'=2(I94
"n_*P=7'!2(I,-P'*9'7,56 "
mx2427r9O7KW'n=2(\"n7g
>27x7 ,56!7'*9Xjk
,6
 "m242n' %_7x' rms9>2!X' 
W2"X5' %_7 'W%7m2" % "
,6 " "9*G!7%7"l" 
=s9 )n'9AD&A7MD"7P&M^_n
2%+AD&+7A7MD"7P&M^_nP%" "4(m7
y>2(XI*9=2(\"'"t"_7 
,56*G!7% ,56nzl 
$='{7=2(\" "2(I!-g_ P'
_9 "mw (242O7KW%42N "mw
,56=% ,56!P2!"@.\(' %2",56s
9O777('nn)\"%@&A)n2%@s9$%
& n'W%7m2P37x " "9K](,3
=2(\"n*9'n9AD&n2%+AD&n
P%K2nz_7' "m2427r9O7KW

|2" ul{_7x%3sn'MW>2(X5xI

%"Nghiên cứu công nghệ GPON và ứng dụng cho mạng truy nhập băng rộng của
VNPT Hà Nội (Công ty Điện Thoại Hà Nội 3)"P%P2\*!"i2\*
/l
;lQ)r>27I9=2(\">276AD&
;l0;9=2(\">276+7+AD&
;l/},69+AD&=2(\"*=;9(
)=$%&/Y@&A)$%&
H=XIj7%_Xm,\(  gnI2X2
nM3\Kt%nn"O7 4(9TK]%
l

~
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 1: Tổng quan về công nghệ quang thụ động ( PON)
CHƯƠNG 1: TỔNG QUAN VỀ CÔNG NGHỆ QUANG THỤ ĐỘNG
(PON)
Chương 1 giới thiệu tổng quan về công nghệ mạng truy nhập quang thụ động (PON),
kiến trúc mạng PON, các công nghệ PON đang được triển khai, từ đó đưa ra nhận
xét, đánh giá sơ lược về các công nghệ PON và khả năng ứng dụng của PON.
1.1. GIỚI THIỆU CHUNG
AD&P%uXCO7A7MD"7P&M^_'•7P%=>276
;9=>276AD&gw2P%=9>272(
\"<"*j_X!7 !=2(\"O7%2",56
%jk,6;9AD&wX42nP%)AD&)MPM"(
AD&w_7%*€R'X"n*Q€€~'=[AD&[7,7,
AD&w2Vn7,37IS)8$7*0RR/%0RR: ,237j
O77,g9TMMAD&TAD&%+7AD&+AD&'nn
79%({7l %2",56>2(X%P=
I2(\"*9jk,6422!)%
7.AD&nP%eH8AD&e7MPMH82P"PMKMAD&
)9AD&'%"47M7r%;D;M7PDZZM

%jk,6•_9g=%7(%nP% X5>276'
I2 7ZZ=,37"]7*Pw 
422!j2(Iz.\(%j7xP%9=>276
AD&
@5zO7!AD&=2(I,-8=>276AD&P%
,=O7=2(\">278=2(\"bw _X!X_ 
%&nw‚4422!_ %%_7!PwP8=2(
\"={I2,=_ 72,I2Pz,_ 72%AD&P%
,=nU=2(\" "2(I!'w>2742
_9=*9%)$ƒ@_7w>27X\%27
•P%6z" lP7
‚zO7!AD&
• ‚O7!AD&P%X56"]"!w>27X
u%27k,67"PMnPQQ0~
• AD&bw7mS)8'TMM
• AD&bw ,56M',77%,M!7
• f*2"*97
• )!AD&*9w7dI2_ %I2
%(•P%"z_ %k,6
• f*\,69eH8't"_"]7M,4%
2"*92!Pw ">274X
_X!7Di)%"PM
€
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 1: Tổng quan về công nghệ quang thụ động ( PON)
• AD&32(I,-0I20w>277(0I2q
Qw>27
• AD&nbw".]('7'2%
; 2V=AD&;n7P=22Vz
• F)hY)+€~/
o SAD&S)8A7MD"7P&M^_P%2V=AD&42

',379S)8
o [AD&[7,7,AD&P%2V,37SAD&&nbw
9eH8'*9%jPw"" 
&nvw2"7,>2Po2VD8;F7
Di)%D&h"X"I2%2",56q=
• F)hY)+€~:
o +AD&+7AD&P%3]"O72V[AD&](P%
2V'bw!7l'\w*j%
37,='P=P37x7mP"0S)8'
+T8‚TMM
• FTT~R//7
o TAD&TMMAD&7(+TAD&?+7TMMAD&P%
2VO7 FTTTGTJ8   k,67m TMM 
2(I,P2
1.2. KIẾN TRÚC MẠNG PON
89.=>276 "4kw9.QQ
$.QQ89.=>276
; "4k6O7AD&I2="]!>277(gx
P%==7 "4kw>27'  Gt">276
' 42!% !%>27; "4kz3Di)% D&h
QR
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 1: Tổng quan về công nghệ quang thụ động ( PON)
I2{422!O7AD&)z2AD&nw"]7%2(I
MI2w>27‚w_Xw"P=%2(Iw>279>27
t">27'"62%z2nP%MP7(K2!O7
AD&AD&jw_7w>27l,M'2.](P%"r
XAD&vnw_7M2.g _2l=
‚M2.2__7 _2j{'
@I‚P'AD&wk,6=2(\"_X!Y7'
;D"66I227;n!2._X!Y7

"qw"=2(\"2.]('](% 'g'‚2
.Q0
$.Q0; _2_X<O7AD&
[ k,6 t"Q0%7>27Q&'AD&n_7
Mm2.% 2.&%7'AD&gn2xP=
% g_t"'7(.]('7( O7]() 2(X2(I
,-AD&I2w37Di)%D&hDi){;D;MM
DZZM%_X!=2(\">27=958S&7(=,
eS&'wXXP%=j6D&h=5z422!
jk,6J))$7(J))[‚J));
) 2.'2..](Q&.Q07'7(2.
](%"] .Q0wk,6"rX](P%2.
I,d'"qw"242" O727'vg„%(
%*I*9
QQ
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 1: Tổng quan về công nghệ quang thụ động ( PON)
1.3. CÁC CÔNG NGHỆ PON
1.3.1. Công nghệ APON/BPON
)u*Q€€B'L%_7 =%42XWP\"nJUS&
J2PPUMMSM&M^_62P%! 2z=2(
\"*; %O7JUS&W" 2z=2(
\"AD&k,69S)8%7mP"0O7n$!%(wx
P%SAD&XCO7S)8AD&; SAD&72nw7(X[AD&
o,s=AD&*$![AD&n_*2"I2,56
*TMM'@,M'j@Ai'_2'&*
Q€€LnJUS&7 IK2N2[AD&PF)hY)9>27zm
)un' 22VF)h+€~/K=[AD&P4Pww9>27$
![AD&bw!_9!KmQBB8"P%E008"
K2!‚!!KmE008"; ![AD&Wwk,6{I2
l'\"2{[C8…'&\[%"4;]2†2

1.3.2. Công nghệ EPON/GEPON
&*0RRQ'FTTT%P\"nm2TMMMJ8PM
TJ862{9TMM=7=2(\"q'
 =X%27‚ ,7"(242- 
zO7TMM2(I!TMMAD&TAD&wC42m2
j77%(TAD&P%={{AD&7P2Pw,P2n
 _2TMMw2Vn7MFTTT~R0/Uk,6Wj2(I
~GQR[%=!Q+"
1.3.3. Công nghệ GPON
)u*0RR/Y0RR:'F)hY)W2Vn7P= 22V=
+7AD&+AD&7+€~:Q'+€~:0'+€~:/%+€~::
;2V+AD&7(w5•7,37 7mlO72V
UD&T)GUH$F)h; 7mO7n_ l%g„zO6;z
.X%22*9O7+AD&=€R‡+AD&n 2
;2",567bw ,56]7',P2%,M2(I
M5,=!O7n`I2 ,56TMM1U'@iS&'"@iS&'
F+8A  Internet Group Management Protocol  %  `U)A  Rapid SpanningTree
Protocolvwbw$22%!j2(I7+AD&bw
!z7u7(!K2!GPlmP
0'BG0'B+G+AD&2"*P7unu7(%
P%9!2 m,6O7J))$%J))[
$7(vlP7+AD&P%9"qw"2(I
9TMMGFAbw2(IXn%,M>27AD&k
,67mUD&T)GUH$
Q0
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 1: Tổng quan về công nghệ quang thụ động ( PON)
1.3.4. Công nghệ WDM PON
;9=>276k,6t"_"]7Mn
e7MPMH82P"PMKA7MD"7P&M^_eH8AD&P%X_X
X"O7=2(\">27%*9P)H8AD&7

[AD&'+AD&%+TAD&k,6 792>276'
K2!P%>2 %D&h\,P2O7.9>27W57N<'
Pk,6t"_Ij7eH8AD&k,6 t"
neH86'K2!bD&h\,P2n'
P n_ 72wt"9>27t"neH8D&hH
k,6nbD&heH8AD&nz\%zI
,d!l;9eH8AD&•P%3P37xO7lP7%P%" 
_XX" =2(\">27AD&
1.3.5. Nhận xét
$7(=SAD&G[AD&_9w>27]" ,Nbw,5
6S)8%!2(\""lI2 92_ 
+AD&7(TAD&
)_'TAD&N2"!2(IP%Q'0B+G.+AD&P=
"t"=!0'::~+G;%%( %2",56%!X
_"z\,6!7*9.\(TAD&7,4_9w
P37xTAD&P=!_ I2*9>2(5 O62(I
9.\(nN=22uBR‡ˆLR‡'*9O7TAD&5=
_ERR8"X€RR8")_n'+AD&n=22
=€/‡'I2nn•7P%NnL‡*4wk,6>2(
5 O6O77m2(I9+AD&"t" %2",56
"]"!*9PX0/RR8"'*4P'+AD&m7y
7P=I2Pw2\ %2",56Ww2V MF)h?
)+€~:'+AD&"t"2"j2(I 5,=!FA%
)H8'](33P%" "9AD&=2>2_Xnk
,6 ,567.vP% ,7"*
+AD&n "m2(I,P2FMM'(242I2,gFA)@
jInternet Protocol Television%nbw2(I9UH)@Standard
Definition Television%$H)@High Definition TeleVision'+AD&W33w
  P%_XlTAD&
8‚_ _22VFTTT~R/07Nbw0P"DH&P"S%P"

[.F)hY+)€~:0+AD&+A8bwP";'P""7li";"t"
=AD&{3P(0Rf'2"!PwPj,q2!'=
E:\zQ0~D&hGD&)
[=n_TAD&Nbw,2(!2(I,-!Km
Q'0BGQ'0B+"F)hY)+€~:0+AD&+T8P=%XrwlI2
l'"t" !K2!Q'0B%0'B+"'P"t"QBB
8"'E008"7(Q'0B%0'B+";79I2C5j2(
Q/
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 1: Tổng quan về công nghệ quang thụ động ( PON)
\"'7 m,6J))$%J))[GJ));)_+AD&"t" 
%2",56XP\"!_X!M2423X'TAD&
_93wI2%(8‚,q](_9P%IPI"z!
_X!!7'2(bwQ'0B+"P'g„"2"
P7MHJA{422!%9>27 SAHC=2]=>27;D
)u n(+AD&zw"lTAD&
PC"‚ !=2" _*,3"g4Xbw
D‰8'_*lzvP%\](P%I2_4
XI2%=_zpP
1.4. KẾT LUẬN
AD&P%=2(\"nI22_7 ,56*
2(\"FMM!7'52(I.'FA)@G)"PMAP7('2(I.
t7$H)@'UH)@'7MPM' ,56*"66(X' ,6'
7 _!_X2!j,]({K7D&h%_X2!=Di)8=
AD&bwI2_2_X<=.]('2'‚',n<"
P=Irm=
; !AD&7w_7XSAD&G[AD&'eH8
AD&'+AD&%TAD&)nSAD&G[AD&P%!wm2
%_7u7*€RO7X_a0R'](P% !2(\">27
*bwNP2PwS)8)X_XX"O7SAD&G[AD&P%+AD&
lI!'bwI2!_ 72jP%

jK2!'‚P%bwP2PwS)8%FA+AD&w2V {
F)hY)2V+€~:wm22l'u*0RRQ'!TAD&
vWw_7_ "rX=!XTAD&wK](
,3l{9TMM'_ +AD&'TAD&Nbw2(I,-!
Km
$7(+AD&Ww_7W=!'+AD&vW
wP37x7(X =2(\"O7I2X@
‚_…2\9I,dbwI2P37x!2(
\"'jbwP2PwS)8%FA'2"I2P=.,56z
w"Pw7'+AD&7%(%_Š5P%9O7=
2(\"X
Q:
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 2: Công nghệ mạng truy nhập quang… Gigabit (GPON)
CHƯƠNG 2: CÔNG NGHỆ MẠNG TRUY NHẬP QUANG THỤ ĐỘNG
GIGABIT (GPON)
Chương 2 giới thiệu về công nghệ mạng truy nhập quang thụ động Gigabit (GPON.
Chương này cũng trình bày chi tiết về công nghệ GPON như kiến trúc mạng GPON,
đặc điểm công nghệ GPON gồm các thông số kỹ thuật, phương thức ghép kênh, cấu
trúc khung, phương thức đóng gói dữ liệu…. Ngoài ra chương này cũng trình bày về
tình hình triển khai GPON trên thế giới và ở Việt Nam, từ đó các kết luận về công
nghệ GPON và khả năng ứng dụng của nó vào mạng Viễn thông Việt Nam.
2.1. GIỚI THIỆU CHUNG
+AD&+7A7MD"7P&M^_w5•7M2VF)hY)
+€~:+AD&w{u2V[AD&+€~/ **9']
22*9jk,6nP'n,%7(r%22Vn7>2
Po+AD&bwI2m!_ 72'nbw0':~~8GO7
*9P2K2!%Q'0::8GO7*9P2PAlmn
n+T8+AD&T7"2P78M,"t"nnP2Pwj,q
2>2'3"]=_2"t"]7Pw,561U127P(
ZUMM"66P2Pw=(2(I=%,M+AD&bw!

7'*j\%bw,56)H8%TMM'I2n"t"
+AD&bwI2P=,56"z"v"t"_*l
zP7 %2"X5
 )..2Vn7+AD&+AD&wF)hY)2Vn7M2V+€~:
C42u*0RR/'{u2V[AD&+~€/
• F)hY)+~€:QR/G0RR/‹+YAD&+MM7P77MŒ2" 7
,s=j,qh&F'7,<,56U&F%!,56
2V%(_Xu7!+~€0SAD&%+~€0K[AD&
• F)hY)+~€:0R/G0RR/‹+YAD&AH8P7(M"MZ7ŒN7 (2
42P"\Po% X_•2\P"A8H&n7 
!n!K2!Q0::QER8G'0:~~/0R8G%PQBBB0R
8G'E00R~R8G'Q0::QER8G'0:~~/0R8G89!
+AD&!Km%!Km
• F)hY)+~€:0S,QR0G0RRE"6P6F)hY)+~€:0' K 
I_*"\ %K29"!!+AD&
0:~~GQ0::+G
• F)hY)+~€:/R0G0RR:‹+YAD&);P7(M"MZ7Œ9P"6
2(I,-)7MMMY); =+AD&75
,=_2' "lm I2_ 2( \"9 j' "l m
7'm*DS8%\
• F)hY)  +~€::  REG0RR:  ‹+AD&  D&)  77MM  7,  P  MZ7M
"MZ7Œ2"N2_•2\7,I2_D8;FR%>2
PzD&) !+AD
QB
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 2: Công nghệ mạng truy nhập quang… Gigabit (GPON)
• F)hY)+~€::S,0R/G0RREP%••7"4+YD8;F'9 
m '=! rTMM'D8;FD8;F'\
2(P2Pw
2.2. KIẾN TRÚC GPON
2.2.1. Cấu trúc hệ thống GPON

fX<!+AD&w9.0Q7Di)' D&h'
7>27% w>27Uw>27w_X!  Di)=7
>277E:w_ % w"] w_X!D&h
)P"+AD&);' 5Po2(X3=P%ER___ 
7 D&hK7%4P%0R_U3_ %(5=X{b_z
k7!_9w{. IPw,56+!!
N!7'P");bwQ0~ 7
$.0QfX<=+AD&
2.2.2. Chức năng của các khối trong mạng GPON
$!+AD&77%"4lDi)'D&h%DH&
2.2.2.1. Khối kết cuối đường quang OLT
Di)"7PPMM7Pw_X!=2(=9>27 
7,2V@I"z7="]"!'Di)7 7,2(\"
>27lm 2V+AD&!'>2…j2(I'ŽM'
Di)77"4z
- ;m*7,r,56MM"FMZ7MJ2•
- ;m*_X!tYMZ2•
- +7,="]"!>27
; _!m*zO7Di)w9$.00
Khối lõi PON (PON core shell): f!%(7"4'"47,DH&%
m*AD&);;m*O7AD&);7_2z2'I2_2(
\""l'DS8'H[S%>2PoD&h8bAD&);nP37x
"lm2(I,-S)8'+T8‚7
Khối kết nối chéo (Cross-connect shell): 2"j2(I7_!P•
AD&%_!,56;9_X!"62% ,56'_X<
O7Di)% (X2!_ Di)2"m*_X!tlm
 "lm2(I,-WP37xS)8'+T8‚7
QE
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 2: Công nghệ mạng truy nhập quang… Gigabit (GPON)
$.00; _!m*O7Di)

Khối dịch vụ (Service shell): 32(r7 7,,56%
7,_2);O7"4=AD&
2.2.2.2. Khối mạng quang ONU
; _!m*O7D&h42XI2!O7Di)@.D&h=
N7,AD&l‚I2P%77,6z
'm*_X!tn5„)2('7(m*%('
m*t"%t",568h|%H8h|wbwKkPoP2
Pw;2..O7D&hw9$.0/
$.
0/; _!m*O7D&h
2.2.2.3. Mạng phân phối quang ODN
8="]"!>27_X!7Di)‚I2D&hk,6
X5 Gt">27%= ">2767
2.2.2.3.1 Bộ tách/ghép quang
+AD&k,6X567z2>27uw2(I
I2w%wP='_Xw" z2>27uI2w%z2
w)X5%(wxP% Gt">27H=lO7nP%
QL
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 2: Công nghệ mạng truy nhập quang… Gigabit (GPON)
t">2777w>27w%,z%72)z2\
w{m42%%v57%7"4{427)aP"]7O7
 Gt"nwI2_{,%O7!%%.\(](wP%
7!_9r;  Gt"&K&wX= t"I24
0K072$.0:‚k,69!,-n"Š
$.0:; t"~K~w=7u t"0K0
;  Gt"w‚ 7!72](
Suy hao chiaP%aP792427%9242%O7t"'
zM,[@0K0Po{' 5%(P%/,[$.0Y:72,s7
9.O7~K~,37 0K0)9.:4.0Y:7'Nn
QGQE9242%w7u427$.0Y:2,s9.X

_X2>2l'b427•\wQG~92O742%
Suy hao ghép](P%925r7,>2 .K2' 5%(9
j_R'Q,[XQ,[
Điều hướng:](P%m92w{42%5,gu42%_ 
@ Gt"P%X5n_*57.7!I2
_u:RXBR,[
)9j'  Gt"jNwX=42%‚
427[ Gt"n42%7xP%7 'gn427
7xP%_Xw"t")2('vn0K0wX=_9!
Kma!7_BG€B‚QRG€Ri= Gt"%(O(X2w,q
z7"4z2>276z_7'wxP%t"•
2.2.2.3.2. Mạng cáp quang thụê bao.
8= "27>27wK 5"=7u7X"w
>277X5Di)XXD&hGD&);2<= ">2767KM
$.0B
8= ">2767w2%{ %"4z72
- Cáp quang gốc (Feeder Cable)K2" u"z7%2",567(g
x2P%;D"]"!wxP%HAH2A
Q~
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 2: Công nghệ mạng truy nhập quang… Gigabit (GPON)
- Điểm phân phối sợi quang (DP)P%_X<O7= "!)3X
_7'"]"!w>27jP%*K9>27'‚ O
 ">27"!
- Cáp quang phối (Distribution Optical Cable)K2" u"!>27HA
 2(\"=SASMA7(u O>27"! 
\">27
- Cáp quang thụê bao (Drop Cable)K2" u 2(\"=SA
7(P%u \">27X27
>2Po>27J8AJM877MMAwk,6KkPo3
!%" mj

$.0B;2<l= ">2767
2.3. ĐẶC ĐIỂM CÔNG NGHỆ GPON
2.3.1. Các thông số kỹ thuật
; 9!_…2\lO7+AD&!2(I,-% 9!_…
2\_ 
2.3.1.1. Tốc độ truyền dẫn:
@Il'+AD&!2(I,-P‚Q0+G)2('
jw",56KHUi_9!KmJ))$‚J))$._94
X!7\(+AD&5•7L,=!2(I,-72
- QBB8GjP'Q0+GjK2!
- E008GjP'Q0+GjK2!
- Q0+GjP'Q0+GjK2!
- QBB8GjP'0:+GjK2!
- E008GjP'0:+GjK2!
- Q0+GjP'0:+GjK2!
- 0:+GjP'0:+GjK2!
2.3.1.2. Các thông số kỹ thuật khác:
- [nQ0ERYQ/ERjP•Q:~RYQBRRjK2!
- 72(\"P)H8S
- ;"" *9H[SH(7[7,^SPP7
Q€
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 2: Công nghệ mạng truy nhập quang… Gigabit (GPON)
- i=P2Pw,P2!
- f22(I,-+T8
- H56,564(OTMM')H8'AD)U
- )NP7O776!7QQ0~
- + 5[T`PQR
YQ0
- A=92k,6P2K2!Y/X•0,[QR_DH&‚•0
X•L0RfDH&

- A=92k,6P2PYQX•:,[QRf%0RfDH&
- U2(7!77 D&hQB,[
- ;3P( "!70RfHJ[P7MP2P'QRfJ7(YAM
2.3.2. Khả năng cung cấp băng thông
;9+AD&bwQ'0B+G‚0'B+GK2!'%Pn
K,5uQBB8GX0'B+G$22*9=‘€R‡
2.3.2.1. Băng thông hướng xuống
’242*9O7 ,56l
- [*9(242O7_$H)@“Q08G
- [*9(242O7_UH)@“/8G
- )2(\"FMM!7“QRR8Gb27aP,q2
0RQ
- @MFA!QRRfG
)n!K2!O7+AD&“0':~~8G”22€0‡“00~€
8G)m,6I2njk,68Hh2P"PMY,^MPPY2'
aP7P%Q/0'+AD&n2",56l72(\"FMM
!7%@MX/0D&h'bD&h2"~27
2.3.2.2. Băng thông hướng lên
F)h+€~:+AD&_9n_*bw (242I
!=%g2"lX1UP"AD&w7% 
"lmTMMP"0%"]P=,56;UFAP"/"]
"  9M',M%)H8Pw79>279jd
I)H8S)2(' lX;U{P"0%P"/Nn=m!7
P%1U{P"2(I&X2P"2(Ins%,27P."]7
m2,56_9go•7!)H8SAD&',2Pw2
"1UP•5=X_ D&)O7AD&k,6X*9
P%2O7n)H8S$P+AD&n9PwXQ0B
+GM7l0R‡+TAD&P%3_  _<"lX
1Un=!l
f2j7P%K2!k,6_222V~_$ƒ'% 

,56wnn% _2M2(O7n9"lm
nn+AD&+T8+!UD&T)GUH$'+AD&2"_*
2(=j7„lBRI2lP%+AD&ns
"P%P2PwP)H8Su D&hwt"%
_2~f$ƒQ0B•8b_2K2!7"" *
0R

Mạng IP
Mạng ATM
Mạng TDM
CO
Bộ chia
OLT
Cơ quan chính phủ Trường học
Bệnh viện
Hộ gia đình
Khu biệt thự
Khu công nghiệp Doanh nghiệp
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 2: Công nghệ mạng truy nhập quang… Gigabit (GPON)
92>2wk>2 X D&h%bwz*N
"" *9;lX%*%("t"+AD&H[SbwI2
N"" *9I2P4%_94"C"KX"P=!2n7
\,6*9
2.3.3. Khả năng cung cấp dịch vụ
+=3P(O79+AD&=w>2(5_0R_%
2"NP7PQQ0~=jk,6NPQE:'!7>277"
7
$=' X5+AD&gl!7)2(NP7dP•<"
P%"zb_ %&%7_P2Pwk,6P."z
b8"•dl9+TAD&

+AD&n_*bw2<=KX",56;S)@' "m
wg„,56K2!!7; !%(I2k,6
nQ:€RK2!%Q/QRP'nQBBRw,%
;S)@
+AD& "mwNP,2Pw,56G"z_ = "
GHUi%=$J;n,2Pw„% =UH$GUD&T)v
" ">27TMM?n"z7@.\(n"qw" 7
.',7"u7%„'z"O% l>279{89.=
+AD&2",56.$.0E

$.0E89.=+AD&2",56.
• Các dịch vụ bộ ba dành cho hộ gia đình
0Q
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 2: Công nghệ mạng truy nhập quang… Gigabit (GPON)
+AD&w" 7X ,56XFA)@'2(I
.M(242'7M32(X'FMM!37%@FA"z2
>2'*9P%Pw 277.
FA>2 >272.?7"t"P2,Mn
2(II227 j
f*"" *9"t" %2",56!2
n7*9>27'=7I2Pw2\l[*9P%,56P=
O7+AD&<"+AD&{%3P37x%2"
,56I2278Hh82P"PMH^MPPh g7%'_ 
='2+AD&D&hn"66 HUiS8@HUi0
• Dành cho doanh nghiệp vừa và nhỏ
+AD&P%3P37x% ,7"u7%„n(242I
='2(\"FMM'@A&% ,56)QGTQ"zw"Po+AD&n
*9OP%nz*1U"t" ,7"nw2
",56ql{=4 ,567.P=u(242
K](,3l{=4

• Dành cho Chính phủ, Giáo dục và Y tế
)5j l>27z"O(242 ,56,P2%=n
Pw7%*9P"z"f*O7+AD&"t""66
2>2!PwP27{ _232]*"gz"O' 
jx'v _22lz'_29"
;z>2(I!>2!7WXP\"=AD&2" ,56
=%,P2!7P3Pw '*"gz"O'g7 % 
P3Pwm2„7'‚]7Pw"66
2.3.4. Kỹ thuật truy nhập và phương thức ghép kênh
2.3.4.1. Kỹ thụât truy nhập
f…2\2(\"wk,6"rX !+AD&7(P%
72(\""]7Mj7)H8S)H8SP%_…2\"]7*4
2(I,-%_Mj7_XX"72&_Mj7%(n
w5b_ %‚n"]M(2422–2%
"lm2(77k,689.k,6)H8S+AD&.](
$.0L8b27w"t"k!P2jP_Mj7
[ _C"KX"!P2XM5z_Mj7O7n‚9
wk]_Mj7U!P2jK2!vwk
_Mj7K 5
+AD&k,6_…2\)H8Sn2PnP% D&hn=
qn'%Di)%%n_*"]wP2
PwO7uD&hDi)vN42'I2%(•,s,%
_7X5'w"z >2 .X_X'K2'=%
00
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 2: Công nghệ mạng truy nhập quang… Gigabit (GPON)
,p&%7'k,6_…2\%(gn2P%nPC"‚
,s,% D&hX2n242]"=
f…2\)H8S+AD&(242C2O7P2PwjP
 K2!P2_77(I2n,P2u27_ 72
Xt"qj)2(' II2w_C"6

lX5p%"]5*9O7+AD&
$.0L89.)H8S+AD&.](
2.3.4.2 Phương thức ghép kênh
Almt"_+AD&P%t"_Hn
QBBRw,q*9I2K2!uDi)',nQ/QR
w2(IMI2P{D&)
2.3.5. Lớp hội tụ truyền dẫn trong ngăn xếp giao thức GPON
2.3.5.1. Các khái niệm cơ bản
$62(I,-+AD&Y+);+AD&)7;MMMP%P"7
mz*KX"7mO7+AD&
; _!2(I,-)Y;D&))7;7Mwk,6
>2Po"]5*9P2P_!AD&O7P"62(I,-);
)7;MMM
- )Y;D&)7 9S)8@A;G@;;%G‚r+T8%9 
 = O7< Di)lm
- )Y;D&)32\ n"t"w\,={SPPYFHu
Di)
- 8b)Y;D&)n7P2PwS)8‚+T8I2P",56
_ 72
- 8b)Y;D&)n2"‚I2%w\Po%C"KX"<
%Pl
i"62(I,-wKX"{5z79j\Po% !w
O7+AD&S)8PM'+T8PM'
0/
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 2: Công nghệ mạng truy nhập quang… Gigabit (GPON)
2.3.5.2. Ngăn xếp giao thức
$.0~2,s*KX"7mO7%!P");+AD&
+);i"+);n0P"'P"=_2+);+);Z72YP7(M
%P"lz););7,7"2YP7(M
$.0~&*KX"7mO7+);

)M>27_ '+);m7‚"Š;G8>2Po P2P2
Pwj,q'7' 2zDS8'%‚"Šh7P2Pw
jk,6)P"=_2+);'"]qS)8'"]q+T8' 
"4>2Po\%,pP"\PoAiDS8A(7Pi7(MD"M7
S,787M7M%DS8<w\XM5z_2
+);;NDS8<w_X2!=P"%(I2_>27P"%(',
9O7DS8<w<3X"%_2+);)9AiDS8
wKkPo=_!AiDS8w55PMO7P"%(; l5
,56,P2UHhUMMH77h "]qS)8%+T8w
2(uG l57m,P2AHhAPH77h9jO7
S)8%+T8=bP"lz&%7' AHh%(m7,P2_
D8;FHP2%(vw\7=P"%('%w7ruG3
D8;FDS8<'AiDS8%D8;Fw"]P=% ‚"Š;G8
; UHh=uD8;F "]qS)8%+T8w"]P=%‚
"Šh
i"=_2+);2" .7>2 ,P2" %P"=
_2+);Di)3X"7% P"=_2+);D&hf!
I2_"]r*9H[SPwKMP%_!m*
2$7('_!%(n_* "m%H[S9 D&h
)!+);'Di)%D&h_9=j{0= 
;X%wbw•w\X=jPC"‚!D&h9
   X    =    l    O7  n  P%  S)8  7(  +T8  9  >27    
UM7P—&2M&X2Di)n_*7,zQ X(242'
0:
Đồ án tốt nghiệp đại học Chương 2: Công nghệ mạng truy nhập quang… Gigabit (GPON)
n•KkPoXP\"_D8;F'%X5D&hw\7M 9
j
2.3.5.3. Các chức năng chính của GTC
+);37m*>27xP%I2_2(\"9j%
*_oD&h

Điều khiển truy nhập môi trường: $!+);bwI2_2(\"9
jP2PwP2P@Il' _2jK2!N7 55
"t"!P2Pw _2jP _2j
K2!f I2_2(\"9j!%(w=
$.0€
Di)k „A;[,' „%(N7j%bD&h
C42%_X<2(I,-P2PO7n)M %('NnQD&hn
2(\"9j=mj%; „w  l5O7
(M'"t"Di)I2_9j*9•E:_G)2('
 3O7Di)nP37xM\" 5O7 „'%3
I2_*9zK >27lXP\"P5
Đăng ký ONU: @*_oD&hw3MO6" 3;n
0"l" "*_oD&hAl" "S'UM7P&2MO7D&hw*_o
=Di)j!>2PoAl" "['UM7P&2MO7D&h_9w
*_o=Di)j!>2Po
$.0€I2_2(\"9j
2.3.6.4. Chức năng các lớp con trong GTC
+);0P"P%P"=_2+);%P"lz);
2.3.6.4.1. Lớp con tạo khung GTC
i"=_2+);n/m*72
0B