Tài liệu tham khảo: Tài liệu bổ trợ môn Tiếng Anh - Đọc 1 - Phạm Lê Sùng Chính

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HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF BANKING FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

FOR REFERENCE

READING PLUS 1

Compiled by Phạm Lê Sùng Chính

8 – 2022

(Internal use)

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TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGÂN HÀNG THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH KHOA NGOẠI NGỮ

TỦ SÁCH TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO

TÀI LIỆU BỔ TRỢ môn

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We would like to thank the following for their precious contribution to the body of professional knowledge and English study, without the citation, quotation, and adaptation of which the workbook cannot have been compiled: Allison, J., Emmerson, P.; Ashley, A; Becker, B.; Brandenberg, D.; Cambridge Dictionary; CUP; Cambridge ESOL, CUP & University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations; Collins Online English Dictionary; Cotton, D., Falvey, D., Kent, S.; Delta Publishing; Express Publishing; Faculty of Foreign Languages BUH; Fernando, J.; The Free Dictionary by Farlex; Fulmer, C.; The Golden Vineyard Branding Company; Hcareers; Hearst Newspapers, LLC; HubSpot, Inc.; Investopedia; Jared; Linguaram Language Training for Business; LiveAgent; Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English Online; Lucid Content Team; Lucidchart; MacKenzie, I.; Macmillan; Macmillan Dictionary; Mascull, B.; MBA Skool; MBA Skool Team; McKeever, M.; Merriam-Webster Learner’s Dictionary; Money Fit by DRS Inc.; Morris, D.; Nolo; Oxford Learner’s Dictionaries; OUP; Pearson Education Limited; Pearson Longman; Pratten, J.; Return Customer Newsletter, Copyright © 2021 Joe Rawlinson; Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM); Robbins, S.; Sweeney, S.;Twin, A.;University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations; Walker; Whitby, N.; World of Dictionary.

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ABBREVIATIONS

(adj.) adjective (adv.) adverb (exp.) expression

See idiom Investopedia l. line

LBD Longman Business Dictionary

LDCE Longman Dictionary of Contemporary Dictionary Online

MD Macmillan Dictionary

MWLD Merriam-Webster Learner’s Dictionary OLD Oxford Learner’s Dictionaries

p. para.

page paragraph sb. somebody sth. something

[U] uncountable noun (vi.) intransitive verb (vl.) linking verb (vt.)

WOD

transitive verb World of Dictionary

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The workbook is divided into 8 modules with respective topics as follows:

1. Business at a Glimpse 2. Communication in Business 3. Careers and Human Resources

4. Customer Support and Customer Service 5. Sales and Marketing

6. Organization and Management 7. Banking and Finance

8. Supply Chain and Logistics.

Each module comprises two sections, namely:

I. Business Terms: This section includes basic exercises to offer students an

opportunity to practise English vocabulary drills and to familiarise themselves with using English dictionaries and exploiting the advantages of learners’ dictionaries (e.g. IPA transcription, simple definition/explanation, illustrative examples, meticulous notes of language usage, etc.).

II. Reading: This section is designed with several exercises (focusing on the

8 topics mentioned above) ranging from simple question types to difficult ones such as blank-filling reading texts, reading texts with True/False statements, reading texts with multiple-choice questions, reading texts with short/full answers, etc. so that ESL students can improve their reading skills through their incessant practice.

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To the Teacher:

The content-based reading workbook is designed to assist students develop the 8

Reading Skills (RS) that the two authors Joe McVeigh and Jennifer Bixby highlighted in Q Skills for Success 2 – Reading and Writing 3rd ed. (Oxford, 2020), namely as follows:

1. Identifying the main idea of a paragraph (unit 1), 2. Getting meaning from context (unit 2),

3. Identifying supporting details (unit 3), 4. Taking notes (unit 4),

5. Skimming (unit 5),

6. Identifying the author’s purpose (unit 6), 7. Identifying claims and support (unit 7), 8. Synthesizing information (unit 8).

However, the teacher should encourage students to improve and exploit other skills (in reading comprehension) which are classified in this workbook as:

9. Others.

These reading skills are respectively abbreviated as RS 1-9, and they are listed after the direction of each reading exercise as a suggestion so that the teacher may offer appropriate guidance to help their students both directly and indirectly use some or all of them to do the reading exercise better, faster, more actively, and more comfortably. The teacher should, in addition, support their students to apply the skills that are not mentioned at the beginning of each reading exercise.

The teacher may assist their students in using the reading skills (RS) indirectly to do reading exercises 1, 3, 5 (e.g. capitalization of a word or punctuation may also be a clue to help the student complete the reading task, an item of new vocabulary annotation is another hint, etc.). Reading exercise 6 may help students deal directly with the reading skills (RS), while reading exercises 2, 4 may do both directly and indirectly. However, the advice is tentative; students’ active creative role in their study should be nurtured.

Each module of the workbook, which covers all the 9 reading skills mentioned above, may be:

a/ used partly or fully in class as addition to the units in the main course book,

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b/ accepted fully as replacement of some parts of a unit or one complete unit of the course book without failing to foster students’ reading skills – which Joe McVeigh and Jennifer Bixby highlighted in their book,

c/ assigned to students as homework to develop their self-study,

according to the teacher’s approach and students’ competence. Save all the best for our

students.

To the Student:

The workbook aims to cover several common question types found in standardised reading tests while it suggests which reading skills (RS) may be applicable in each exercise. The student is at first advised to do the exercise without any pause until the end of the task. After that, when faced with a difficult question or with some doubt about the answer, they should refer to the reading skills (RS) suggested at the beginning of each reading exercise to help them find out or confirm the answer. These reading skills (RS) can also be reviewed thoroughly after the exercise has been done as a post-reading activity to help the student develop the skills and do reading comprehension actively.

The reading passages of the exercises 3-5 tend to be longer and to include more technical terms, especially the one in reading 6, to familiarize the student themselves with more challenging reading texts of higher levels. Don’t panic and be demotivated. Overcome the difficulties and take the opportunity not only to refine your skill of guessing meaning from its context but also to manage uncertainty, especially in international tests to be faced

with in the future. Where there's a will there's a way.

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CONTENTS

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NOTES 147

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1

PART A:

TOPICS

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MODULE 1: BUSINESS AT A GLIMPSE

A. BUSINESS TERMS

I. VOCABULARY 1: Match up the following words/expressions with their definitions/explanations in English.

1. guest /ɡest/ [C] A. a customer or someone who receives

services; a person who receives services, esp. from a lawyer or other person who gives advice

3. customer

/ˈkʌs.tə.mər/ [C]

C. a person who is staying in a hotel

4. client /ˈklaɪ.ənt/ [C]

D. someone who buys something expensive such as a house; someone whose job is to decide what will be bought by a company, especially a store

5. buyer /ˈbaɪ.ər/ [C]

[~ for sth.]

E. a person who buys goods or a service

II. VOCABULARY 2: Choose the best definition/explanation in English that matches up the word/expression in each of the following sentences.

1. Being an entrepreneur is a way of fulfilling your creative potential.

A. someone who restarts their business or rearranges their business deals in order to make money, often in a way that involves environmental risks

B. someone who starts a new business or arranges business deals in order to make money, often in a way that involves financial risks

C. someone who starts a non-profit organization in order to protect the environment, and encourage the public to save the world

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2. In practice, 70 percent of employers pay their workers less than the legal minimum wage, according to Mr. Masduki.

A. people or companies that pay people to work for them

B. people or companies that receive pay for their work performed C. people or companies that provide people with consultancy 3. All our major competitors are also bidding for the contract.

A. companies that sell different goods or services from another company’s B. companies that sell different goods or services at the same competitive price C. companies that sell the same goods or services as other companies

4. Their employees worked a ten-hour day.

A. someone who regularly contributes their expertise to an organization B. someone who regularly pays a person on behalf of an organization C. someone who is paid regularly to work for a person or an organization 5. The company was set up to buy and sell shares on behalf of investors.

A. people who put money into something in order to make a profit or get an advantage

B. people who earn money by providing financial expertise to a company or an organization

C. people who invest their invention into something in order to make a profit or get an advantage

III. VOCABULARY 3: Complete the word/expression in each of the following sentences by writing the missing letters.

1. Our department has a st__ __f of seven. [= the people who work for an

organization]

2. The m__n__g__m__nt has agreed to the policy. [= the people who are in charge of

a company or organization]

3. Taylor is now a d__r__ct__r of the company as well as its largest single

shareholder. [= one of the senior managers in charge of a company]

4. Ken Dear, chairman and C __ __ of Chevron, made $ 3,679,454 in 1995. [= the

person with the most authority in a large company]

5. Microsoft is the world’s largest s__p__l__er of PC software. [= a company that

provides a particular type of product]

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B. READING TEXTS

IV. READING 1: Choose ONE word/expression to fill in each blank of the following text. (RS: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9)

a an and angry are becoming

distribute everyone key like of public

the there they to whatwhole

Since (1)_____ Chief Executive of the Star City shopping centre (2)_____ exhibition halls, Peter Maurice feels he has done (3)_____ lot. Now, though, he wants to change the (4)_____ feeling of the business. 'Visitors should feel we (5)_____ looking after them,' he says. 'Very often the (6)_____ go into a shop and find so much (7)_____ that they can't decide what to buy, so (8)_____ don't buy anything. Keep it simple, that's the (9)_____ to retailing.' At Star City, staff are encouraged (10)_____ tell managers, including Maurice himself, what they think (11)_____ them. The things they say about me are (12)_____ I expect, because I'm fairly self-aware - I know what I'm (13)_____ and that I can make people a little (14)_____. But I'm very much in favor of change, and (15)_____ knows that a lot needs to be done.'

V. READING 2: Read the text that follows. Are sentences 1 - 7 ‘Right’ or ‘Wrong’? If there is not enough information to answer ‘Right’ or ‘Wrong’, choose

‘Doesn’t say’. (RS: 2, 6, 7, 9)

Woolworths graduate training programme

Our graduate recruits are our next generation of business leaders.

When you join us, you’ll enroll on our Woolworths Group Leadership Programme

(WGLP) which will put you on the fast track to a senior management role in one of our

central functions (e.g. buying, finance, supply chain, systems, human resources or marketing). You'll undertake a comprehensive programme of training in general management techniques and specialist skills relevant to your functional discipline. With input from leading business academics at City University, the WGLP will expose you to the latest strategic business thinking. You’ll also receive support as you pursue professional qualifications in your field.

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Your first few months will be spent working alongside a store management team.

You'll learn the essential store management disciplines and gain insight into our customers,

brands and products. After that, you'll join your functional team where you'll take on meaningful responsibility from the word go.

You'll be mentored by senior managers who have already established themselves in

the business, and you'll be part of a group-wide network of WGLP participants. There will also be opportunities for you to move between companies as you develop your career.

Vocabulary Notes:

discipline74 /ˈdɪs.ə.plɪn/ [C]: a particular area of study, especially a subject studied at a college or university

(to) establish oneself76: to be in a successful position over a long period of time

(to) mentor75/ˈmen.tɔːr/ (vt.): to help and give advice to a younger or less experienced person, especially in a job or at school

senior management73[U]: managers at the highest level of a company or organization, considered as a group

Meet Thomas Kingsley

Thomas Kingsley works for Meridian Financial Products in East London. He works (1)_____ a sales executive. He (2)_____ with a large number of small and medium-sized

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businesses in the London area. He (3)_____ them on the best financial products for their needs.

He is only in his office in the morning when he discusses clients (4)_____ the Sales Manager. Then he travels around London to see his clients. He informs them (5)_____ new products on the market. He keeps a (6)_____ of any changes in the clients’ information so that he can offer advice if necessary. He (7)_____ his paperwork and arranges (8)_____ from home or from his car between appointments.

If any members would like (9 )_____ advice on insurance or any financial product, please phone Thomas (10)_____ 0171 236 4925. He will be happy to help you if he can!

3 A advise B advises C advised D advising

6 A notice B record C reference D informant

VII. READING 4: Read the text below. Choose the best answer to each of the

questions that follow the text. (RS: 2, 3, 5, 7, 9)

Over half of business owners feeling increasingly stressed

More than half the leaders of privately held businesses globally feel their stress levels have increased over the last year. The research from the Grant Thornton International Business Report (IBR) 2010 covers the opinions of over 7,400 business owners across 36 economies. Mainland China tops the league for the most stressed leaders, with 76% of business owners saying their stress levels have increased over the last year.

Other economies that were high in the stress league table were Mexico (74%), Turkey

(72%), Vietnam (72%) and Greece (68%). At the opposite end of the scale, business owners in Sweden (23%), Denmark (25%), Finland (33%) and Australia (35%) have the lowest stress levels in the world.

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There appears to be a link between stress levels and GDP. Business owners in mainland China, Vietnam, Mexico, India and Turkey are all high on the stress league table and are working in environments where high growth is expected. But it's not just in countries expecting high growth that stress levels are high - at the opposite end of the growth scale, Ireland, Spain and Greece are all high on the league table. Said Alex MacBeath, Global Leader- Markets at Grant Thorton International, "We have businesses at both ends of the GDP growth scale experiencing high stress for very different reasons. In mainland China, the pressure is on to keep up with the speed of expansion, while in Ireland, for example, the economy is shrinking, and business owners are worried about how they will keep their business alive.''

Business owners were asked about the major causes of workplace stress. Not surprisingly, the most common cause during 2009 was the economic climate, with 38% of

respondents globally saying this was one of their major causes of stress. This was followed

by pressure on cash flow (26%), competitor activities (21%) and heavy workload (19%). Alex

MacBeath comments, "The causes of workplace stress can be put into three distinct groups - economic, business and personal. An employee may place more importance on personal elements such as their work-life balance. The business owner has additional pressures to consider."

The survey also found a link between stress levels and the number of days taken off by an individual in a year. Countries at the top of the stress league are those where business owners, on average, take fewer holidays each year.

Vocabulary Notes:

cash flow79 /ˈkæʃ ˌfləʊ/ [U]: the amount of money moving into and out of a business; the movement of money into and out of a company's accounts, used as a measure of how much money the company spends and receives and how much profit it makes over a particular period of time

league77 /liːɡ/ [C]: a group of people or countries who join together because they have the same interest

respondent78/rɪˈspɒn.dənt/ [C]:a person who answers a request for information

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2. In which country do you think business leaders feel the most stress? A. Finland

B. China C. Vietnam

3. In which country do you think business leaders feel the least stress? A. Denmark

B. Austria C. Sweden

4. In which country may business owners take fewer holidays than in Finland? A. Mexico

B. Russia C. Denmark

5. What are the four major causes of workplace stress?

A. The economic climate, pressure on competition, competitor’s development and heavy workload

B. The financial climate, pressure on accounting codes, competitor activities and heavy workload C. The economic climate, pressure on cash flow, competitor activities and heavy workload

VIII. READING 5: Read the text below. Choose the best sentence/clause/phrase from the following ones to fill each of the gaps. There are more

sentences/clauses/phrases than gaps. (RS: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9)

A. they may progress further on the career ladder B. most professional people still go to

C. Services can be described as perishable but not imperishable. D. the point of view of the human resources

E. But there are also reports that

F. In contrast, a professional can try hard before paying for it.

G. in a nutshell, the employee lacks sufficient knowledge about the product.

H. They may complain that working outside an organization gives them fewer opportunities to learn these new skills.

Reports of the death of the traditional career have been greatly exaggerated. Despite the

growth of outsourcing (buying in services that were previously performed by a company's

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employees from outside the organisation) and teleworking by freelancers working from home communicating via the Internet, (1)_____ what is recognisably a job in a building that is

recognisably an office. The average tenure, the length of time that people spend in a particular job,

has remained unchanged (at about seven years) for two decades.

From (2)_____ department (HRD) of a large company, managing people's careers can still be

seen in the traditional activities of selection procedures and recruitment, managing remuneration

(how much people are paid) and working with department managers on performance reviews:

annual or more frequent meetings with employees to tell them how well they are doing and how

(3)_____. The HRD will also be involved with training and professional development of the

company's staff.

A company's HRD may also be involved in making people redundant. Redundancies may be

the result of an economic downturn with reduced demand for the company's goods or services, but

they may follow a decision by a company to de-layer (to reduce the number of management levels) and downsize. It may offer outplacement services, advice to people on how they can find another job, perhaps after some retraining.

A manager made redundant in this way may become what Charles Handy calls a portfolio

worker, offering their services to a number of clients. (4)_____ many such managers describe themselves as consultants when in fact they would prefer to be working in a salaried job in an

organisation like the one they have been forced to leave.

Others may enjoy their new-found freedom and embrace the flexibility that it offers.

(Companies too may talk about flexibility when they use the services of freelancers in this way, rather than relying on salaried employees.) Freelancers have to maintain their degree of

employability by keeping up with the latest trends and skills in their profession or industry, for

example by attending short courses. (5)_____ For many salaried employees, on the other hand,

developing one's career in an (enlightened) organisation is a process of give-and-take - the

environment they work in - allows them to keep their skills up to speed.

Vocabulary Notes:

(to) embrace84 /ɪmˈbreɪs/ [T]: to include something, often as one of a number of things

enlightened85 /ɪnˈlaɪtnd/ (adj.) [usually before noun]:having or showing an understanding of people’s needs, a situation, etc. that is not based on old-fashioned attitudes and prejudice

(to) exaggerate86/ɪɡˈzædʒ.ə.reɪt/ [I/T]: to make something seem larger, more important, better, or worse than it really is

freelancer83 /ˈfriː.lɑːn.sər/ [C]: someone who is not employed by any one organization but does particular pieces of work for different organizations

involved81 /ɪnˈvɒlvd/ (adj.): being in a close relationship with someone

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procedure /prəˈsiː.dʒə/ [C or U]: a set of actions that is the official or accepted way of doing something

recognizably87 /ˈrek.əɡ.naɪ.zə.bli/ (adv.): in a way that is easy to recognize

redundant80 /rɪˈdʌn.dənt/(adj.): having lost your job because your employer no longer needs you

IX. READING 6: Read the text below. Answer the questions that follow the text.

Multinationals are the most visible of companies. Their local subsidiaries give

them sometimes global reach, even if their corporate culture, the way they do things,

depends largely on their country of origin. But the tissue of most national economies is made up of much smaller organisations. Many countries owe much of their prosperity

to SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) with tens or hundreds of employees, rather than the tens of thousands employed by large corporations.

Small businesses with just a few employees are also important. Many governments hope that the small businesses of today will become the multinationals of tomorrow, but many owners of small companies choose to work that way because they

find it more congenial and do not want to expand.

And then of course there are the sole traders, one-man or one-woman businesses. In the professional world, these freelancers are often people who have left (or been forced to leave) large organisations and who have set up on their own, taking the expertise they have gained with them.

But in every case the principle is the same: to survive - the money coming in has to be more than the money going out. Companies with shareholders are looking for more

than survival - they want return on investment. Shares in the company rise and fall in

relation to how investors see the future profitability of the company; they demand shareholder value in the way the company is run to maximise profitability for investors, in terms of increased dividends and a rising share price. Publicly quoted companies, with

their shares listed or quoted on a stock exchange, come under a lot of scrutiny in this

area. Some large companies (often family-owned or dominated) are private: they choose

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25

para. 5

not to have their shares openly bought and sold, perhaps because they do not want this

scrutiny. But they may have trouble raising the capital they need to grow and develop.

Profitability is key. Formulas for success are the subject of thousands of business courses and business books. Of course, what works for one person may not work for others.

Vocabulary Notes:

congenial88 /kənˈdʒiː.ni.əl/ (adj.): pleasant and friendly; producing a feeling of comfort or satisfaction

multinational89 /ˌmʌl.tiˈnæʃ.ən.əl/ [C]: a large and powerful company that produces and sells goods in many

different countries

prosperity90 /prɒsˈper.ə.ti/ [U]: the state of being successful and having a lot of money

(to) raise 95 /reɪz/ (vt.): to cause to exist to raise (= obtain) the money/cash/capital/funds

return92 /rɪˈtɜːn/ [C/U]:the profit that you get from an investment

scrutiny94 /ˈskruː.tɪ.ni/ [U]: the careful and detailed examination of something in order to get information about it

subsidiary91 /səbˈsɪd.i.ə.ri/ [C]: a company that is owned by a larger company

tissue93 /ˈtɪʃ.uː/ [U]: a group of connected cells in an animal or plant that are similar to each other, have the same purpose, and form the stated part of the animal or plant

Questions:

1. What types of business are mentioned in the passage?

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

2. What is the main idea of paragraph 4?

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

3. What does the word “they” in paragraph 2 (line 9) refer to? ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

4. Who may become sole traders?

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

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5. Choose one piece of information in the passage to take note of. ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

6. Why does the author write this passage?

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

7. Read two sentences in paragraph 2 (lines 7-10). Which sentence is a claim, and which one is support?

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

8. Find a detail of interest in the article and read or interpret it in the light of your own knowledge or what you have read.

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

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MODULE 2: COMMUNICATION IN BUSINESS

A. BUSINESS TERMS

I. VOCABULARY 1: Match up the following words/expressions with their definitions/explanations in English.

1. agenda

/əˈdʒen.də/ [C]

A. subjects that need to be discussed at a meeting after all the subjects on the agenda have been discussed

2. the minutes

/ðəˈmɪn.ɪts/ [plural]

B. (on an agenda) the opportunity for problems or questions from a previous meeting to be discussed

3. chair /tʃeər/ [C] C. (the official position of) a person in charge of a meeting, official group or organization

4. matters arising

/ˈmæt.ərz əˈraɪzɪŋ/ [plural]

D. the written record of what was said at a meeting

5. any other business (AOB)

/ˈen.i ˈʌð.ər ˈbɪz.nɪs/ [U]

E. a list of matters to be discussed at a meeting

II. VOCABULARY 2: Choose the best definition/explanation in English that matches up the word/expression in each of the following sentences.

1. In their annual report, the directors stated that uncertainty in the financial services marketplace had adversely affected trading.

A. a report made by a company each year that includes the company's audited

(=officially examined) accounts, along with statements of the company’s asset and how the management thinks the company has done successfully in the previous year

B. a report made by a company each year that includes the company's audited

(=officially examined) accounts, along with statements of profits or loss and how the management thinks the company will do in the future

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C. a report made by a company each year that includes the company's financial accounts, along with statements of profits or loss and suggestion of customer service to be done in the future

2. The monthly sales report sent shares in the world's largest restaurant company up more than 4 per cent in morning trading.

A. an annual report made by a sales manager to the general manager giving details of how and what to be sold in the following year

B. a periodical report made by a salesperson to a manager giving details of amounts sold, existing and new accounts, etc.

C. a periodical report made by a salesperson to a manager giving details of amounts sold, methods of sales and promotion, etc.

3. Our contract with the BBC expires next year.

A. a written legal agreement between two people or businesses that says what each must do for the other or give to the other

B. an arrangement or decision about what to do for others, made by two or more people, groups, or organizations

C. the legal situation when people have the same opinion or have made the same decision about something to be done in the future

4. Post them to us with the completed order form, below.

A. a form with blanks in which a purchaser indicates desired items

B. a form with blanks in which a seller indicates desired items he wants to buy C. a form in which a person requests some tasks to be completed immediately 5. An internal memo about his departure had already circulated.

A. a both official and private note from one person to another in the same organization

B. a private note from one person to another in the same organization C. an official note from one person to another in the same organization

III. VOCABULARY 3: Complete the word/expression in each of the following sentences by writing the missing letters.

1. We’re sending out a m__i__s__o__ telling our customers about our new products.

[= advertisements or information that a company sends to many people at one time

by post]

2. One of the few sectors to be doing well in the crisis is v__d__oc__nfer__nc__ng

stocks. [=a system that allows two or more people who are in different places to

talk to and see each other using electronic technology]

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3. The chairman’s overseas trips are a regular feature in the in-h__u__e

m__g__z__ne. [=a magazine that is produced by an organization for its employees,

and that usually deals with subjects relating to the organization]

4. The names, telephone numbers and locations of trained staff are shown on the

company’s n__t__c__b__ar__s. [= large boards fixed to a wall where people can

put notes and messages for other people to read]

5. Two n__ws__et__e__s have already gone out to all staff, and these will continue in

the months to come. [=short written reports of news about a club, organization etc

that is sent regularly to people who are interested]

B. READING TEXTS

IV. READING 1: Choose ONE word/expression to fill in each blank of the following

text. (RS: 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9)

a an and be distribute

endorsement

full-page May offer on record schools

slogan the to TV with will

Product Launch – ‘Flashy’ trainers

Slogan

+ The (1)_____ for the product will be ‘Your feet (2)_____ fly’.

Advertising

+ We will have 30-second (3)_____ ads in prime-time slots, starting on 25th (4)_____.

+ There will be large posters (5)_____ city-centre billboards.

+ We will book (6)_____ ads in sports/health magazines.

Endorsement

+ We will (7)_____ Matt Hawkins, world-class sprinter (8)_____ holder of the current world (9)_____, sponsorship in return for product (10)_____.

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Special events

+ We will hold (11)_____ champagne launch at the Olympic stadium ((12)_____ the staff all wearing ‘Flashy’ trainers).

+ There will (13)_____ a ‘Flashy’ tour bus to go round (14)_____.

+ We will organise a competition linked (15)_____ the London Marathon, with pairs of ‘Flashy’ trainers as prizes.

Your Ref: PG/AL

14 May 20-

P. Gerard Manager Disc S.A.

251 rue des Raimonières F-86000 Poitiers Cedex

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prices are so competitive is that they are part of a consignment of bankrupt stock that

was offered to us.

Because of their low price, and the small profit margin, we will not be offering any

trade discounts on this consignment. But we sell a wide range of electronic and computer products and have enclosed a price list giving you details of trade, quantity, and cash discounts.

We have sent, by separate post, samples of the advertised CDs and other brands we stock, and would urge you to place an order as soon as possible as there has been a huge response to our advertisement. Thank you for your interest.

Yours sincerely (Herr) R.Gerlach Sales Director

Enc.price-list

Vocabulary Notes:

consignment98 /kənˈsaɪn.mənt/ [C]:a quantity of goods that are sent together

profit margin99 /ˈprɒf.ɪt ˌmɑː.dʒɪn/ [C]: the difference between the total cost of making and selling something and the price it is sold for

A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn’t say

4. The CDs are sold cheaply because they are part of a consignment of bankrupt stock. A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn’t say

5. Herr Gerlach offers discounts on the advertised goods. A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn’t say 6. A price list is enclosed with the letter.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn’t say

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7. Herr Gerlach advises M. Gerard to order the CDs as soon as possible. A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn’t say

VI. READING 3: Read the following email and choose the best option to fill in each

blank. (RS: 1, 2, 3, 7, 9)

To: John Merton

Subject: Payment - packing

We have (1)_____ our bank to arrange (2)_____ a letter of credit for €6,158.92 to be paid (3)_____ your proforma invoice No. G1152/S. The (4)_____ will be credited to you as

soon as Canadian Trust receive (5)_____ documents.

We usually ask you to wrap each (6)_____ of crockery individually and pack no more than

ten sets (7)_____ a crate to allow for easy and (8)_____ handling. This was not done with

our last (9)_____ and as a consequence there were breakages (see attached list). We would

like either replacements to be (10)_____ in our next shipment, or your credit note.

Richard MacKenzie

Vocabulary Notes:

crate102/kreɪt/ [C]: a box made of wood, plastic, or metal, especially one divided into parts to hold bottles

credit note103/ˈkred.ɪt ˌnəʊt/ [C]: a document that a seller gives to a buyer who returns a product, pays too much for something, etc., which the buyer may use at a later time to pay for something else

letter of credit100 /ˌlet.ər əv ˈkred.ɪt/ [C]: a letter from a bank allowing the person who has it to take a particular amount of money from a bank in another country

pro forma invoice101[C]: an invoice sent to a possible customer to give an example of prices charged

4 A process B proceeds C processes D proceeding

9 A delivery B deliver C consign D consignment

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VII. READING 4: Read the fax message below. Choose the best answer to each of the

questions that follow the message. (RS: 1, 2, 3, 7, 9)

Subject Date

You should have already received our fax in which we said that we had an option on a

vessel, MS Sheraton, which is docked in Melbourne, Australia at present. She has a

cargo capacity of 7,000 (seven thousand) tons and although she is larger than you wanted, her owners are willing to offer a part charter.

They have quoted £12.30 (twelve pounds, thirty pence) per ton which is a very

competitive rate considering you will be sharing the cost. Could you fax us your decision as soon as possible?

B. a chance to sell MS Sheraton

C. a chance to own MS Sheraton

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2. Where is the MS Sheraton at the moment?

A. London B. Melbourne C. Putney & Raven

3. Is the ship exactly what Putney & Raven wanted? A. The ship is as large as what they wanted. B. The ship is smaller than they wanted. C. The ship is larger than they wanted.

4. What does her in paragraph 1 refer to?

A. the partner B. the ship C. the colleague

5. Why is the chartering cost lower for this shipment? A. Because the ship leaves London at the moment.

B. Because the ship is docked in Melbourne at the moment.

C. Because the owners of the ship are willing to offer a part charter.

VIII. READING 5: Read the memo below. Choose the best sentence/clause/phrase from the following ones to fill each of the gaps. There are more

sentences/clauses/phrases than gaps. (RS: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)

A. I would suggest a meeting before the end of this financial year

B. with regard to sales of linens and general furnishings, there has been a 6.7% increase in sales over this period.

C. If we concentrate on the garment area of the market, supplying all age groups, we estimate an increase in our annual budget of 4.8%, which includes administration, warehousing, expanding stock, advertising, and the capital needed for new technology. D. However, most service businesses can only provide services to customers within their

local target market

E. once a consumer purchases a product they may not need to ever make a similar purchase again.

F. in contrast, a service is not something that one can feel or try out before paying for it. G. Further statistical and technical data can be found in the full report (pages 4-30) H. in the case of the latter, increasing interest rates will reduce profits

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SP Wholesalers plc. Memo

To From Date Subject

The Board of Directors Derek Logan, Sales Director 15 October 20-

Introduction of Internet sale

The Sales Department research team came to the following conclusions on the issue of Internet sales. (1)_____.

Market

Internet sales have expanded steadily in our markets in recent years for three main reasons: (a) the range of goods we can offer in a virtual warehouse environment, (b) convenience, and (c) increased security with the development of digital signatures. The main area of expansion – over 21% in the period concerned – has been in clothes,

especially children's clothes covering the age groups of 4-11 years (see statistical analysis on page 9).

(2)_____. We would like to monitor this over the next 12 months to see how these markets develop (see pages 28-9).

Finance

(3)_____ This will increase our present turnover in this area by7% over a two-year trial

period (see pages 15-18).

The Finance Department suggests that this increase in capital investment should come

from share issues rather than loans because, (4)_____.

Conclusions

With our main competitors already in this market, and its potential for international sales,

we recommend that we should implement a new Internet strategy as quickly as possible.

(5)_____.

Vocabulary Notes:

(to) implement107/ˈɪm.plɪ.ment/(vt.): to put a plan or system into operation

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share issue[C]: an occasion when a company makes new shares available for sale, or the number of shares offered

turnover105/ˈtɜːnˌəʊ.vər/ [C/U]: the amount of business that a company does in a period of time

IX. READING 6: Read the text below. Answer the questions that follow the text.

Antoinette’s Dress Shop will concentrate on developing a clientele consisting

primarily of working women. We are particularly interested in professional women who expect to advance in their chosen career. These women require fashionable clothing at

reasonable prices. According to the Chamber of Commerce, the greater trading areas of

New City include some 20,000 women who fit this description.1 Forecasters expect this market to continue to grow at the same 10% growth rate it has enjoyed for the past five years. We believe the trend towards a higher concentration of professional women in

this county may even accelerate because of the increased concentration of professional

and management industries locating here.2

Personal experience and market research3 demonstrate that upwardly mobile working women prefer fashionable, but slightly conservative, clothing at moderate or sale prices. These women prefer to shop where they receive personal attention,

especially prompt, free alterations that traditionally have not been provided to women.

Women in this group normally prefer to shop between 5:00 p.m. and 8:00 p.m. or on their lunch hour.

Most of our target customers shop at two types of stores for their clothing: 1. Department stores such as S. Bagnin, Jerry’s, and Glendale’s.

2. Latest fashion stores such as Wild Thing, Marian’s, and Golden Frog. Some of our target consumers presently shop at the department stores for the type of business clothes we will sell, and others shop at fashion stores

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Generally speaking, the department stores offer a wide mix of merchandise.

However, it isn’t easy to find a large selection of appropriate business clothing at reasonable prices in any of them. In addition, S. Bagnin and Glendale’s are only open one evening a week after 6 p.m., the time most working people prefer to shop. Further,

the department stores offer fairly impersonal services, with a constant turnover of

personnel. Alterations are an additional charge and usually take a week or more to complete. Our policy of offering free alterations within 24 hours is sure to appeal to women who put in at least a 40-hour week in addition to maintaining their homes.

We should note that the Lady Esquire Shop does offer fairly direct competition. We believe, however, that its pricing policy indicates a decision to cater primarily to women approaching the top of the executive ladder. This leaves us plenty of room to compete.

Our location at the Plaza in the center of town puts us within walking distance of major banks, brokerage houses, insurance companies, real estate offices, and law firms. We are only four blocks from the new RST computer center and the related software development businesses that are springing up around it. In addition, we will be

near Jerry’s and the Golden Frog. The former is an old-line local department store that

carries a lot of clothing and supplies of interest to older women who see themselves as traditional homemakers. The latter is a popular store where many of our potential customers already shop for leisure wear.

Antoinette’s Dress Shop plans an extensive direct mail campaign to tell our potential customers about our grand opening sale. We will develop our mailing list from the New City Chamber of Commerce membership list, the mailing list of the county business magazine, membership lists of business women’s clubs and the University

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1Annual Survey of Business Conditions, New City Chamber of Commerce, January 19, 2001

2Bank of New City economic forecast for 2001

3See attached article from September 27, 2001 issue of “Woman’s Monthly.”

Vocabulary Notes:

(to) accelerate267/əkˈsel.ə.reɪt/(vi.): to move more quickly, or to make something happen faster or sooner

alteration110/ˌɒl.təˈreɪ.ʃən/[C]: a change, usually a slight change, in the appearance, character, or structure of something

chamber of commerce266/ˌtʃeɪm.bər əv ˈkɒm.ɜːs/[C]: an organization of businesspeople who meet and work together to support their businesses and improve trade in their area

clientele108/ˌkliː.ɒnˈtel/[S, + sing/pl verb]: all the customers of a business when they are considered as a group

county109/ˈkaʊn.ti/[C]: a political division of the UK or Ireland, forming the largest unit of local government, or the largest political division of a state in the US

merchandise111/ˈmɜː.tʃən.daɪs/[U]: goods that are bought and sold; goods that are offered for sale, especially in a store

old-line113(adj.): used to describe a business or industry that has existed for a long time

turnover112/ˈtɜːnˌəʊ.vər/[S or U]: the rate at which employees leave a company and are replaced by new people

Questions:

1. What is main idea of the reading text?

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

2. What is the main idea of paragraph 7 (lines 40-47)?

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

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3. What does the word “its” in paragraph 6 (line 37) mean?

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

4. List 2 things that can be done to realize the direct mail campaign discussed in paragraph 8 (lines 48-57).

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

5. Choose one piece of information in the reading text to take note of. ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

6. Why does the author write this reading text?

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

7. Read any two sentences in paragraph 1, and decide which sentence is a claim, and which one is support?

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

8. From this reading text, what lesson can a reader learn?

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

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MODULE 3: CAREERS AND HUMAN RESOURCES

A. BUSINESS TERMS

I. VOCABULARY 1: Match up the following words/expressions with their definitions/explanations in English.

1. job /dʒɒb/ [C] A. work for which you receive regular payment

E. (rather formal) a job (This word refers to a particular job

within an organization, especially at a high level, and is not usually used about jobs generally. It is also often used in job applications, descriptions and

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3. He cut hundreds of jobs in middle management.

A. the people within a company who are in charge of sub-departments or groups, but who are below those in charge of the whole department

B. the people within a company who are in charge of departments or groups, but who are as high as those in charge of the whole company

C. the people within a company who are in charge of departments or groups, but who are below those in charge of the whole company

4. Many who are employed in supervisory management are never trained.

A. the group of managers in a company who are directly responsible for the work of the senior management, or the work that these managers do

B. the group of managers in a company who are directly responsible for the work of the middle management, or the work that these managers do

C. the group of managers in a company who are directly responsible for the work of employees, or the work that these managers do

5. He makes less than $8 an hour as a clerical assistant to the chief financial officer. A. someone whose job is to help the management with running day-to-day operations B. someone whose job is to help with office work, dealing with files, records, etc. C. someone whose job is to help employees with files, records, etc.

III. VOCABULARY 3: Complete the word/expression in each of the following sentences by writing the missing letters.

1. New employees undergo a two-week i__d__ct__on. [=a period of training during

which a new employee learns about the company they are working for and the job they will be doing]

2. Performance a__pr__is__ls focus centrally on task standards and on work

behaviours, not on personality. [= meetings between an employee and their

manager to discuss their progress, aims, and needs at work]

3. They all work the night shift in r__t__t__on. [=the process of regularly changing

the person who does a particular job, so that it is done at different times by different people]

4. They are carrying out a detailed s__m__l__ti__n of how their plan would work. [=a

situation or event that seems real but is not real, used especially in order to help people deal with such situations or events]

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5. Annual c__mp__ns__ti__n for our executives includes salary, bonus, and other

benefits. [=the combination of payment and other benefits that an employee

receives for doing their job]

B. READING TEXTS

IV. READING 1: Choose ONE word/expression to fill in each blank of the following

text. (RS: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9)

a an at billion but drinking

in

international is

holidays like or

quiet than she

something son world

From small town to global leader

Angela Ahrendts is the American CEO of Burberry, the $2.2 (1)_____ fashion company. Burberry is one of the biggest luxury brands in the (2)_____. The headquarters of this British company are in London, and it has more (3)_____ 270 stores in 80 countries.

Fifty-year-old Ahrendts is from a small town in Indiana. She (4)_____ married to Greg, her high-school sweetheart. They have a son (15) and two daughters (14 and 11). Their (5)_____, Jennings, dreams of being a rock star. The children are at an American (6)_____ school in London.

Ahrendts is always elegant. Most days she wears Burberry - usually (7)_____ from its

Prorsum range.

She usually gets up around 4.30. ‘I need a (8)_____ time in the morning to answer

e-mails,’ she explains. On days when Ahrendts is (9)_____ London, she often has back-to-back

meetings for 10 hours. She keeps going by (10)_____ six Diet Cokes a day. She travels on business one week a month, (11)_____ tries to get home for weekends.

Family is important for Ahrendts. ‘I am (12)_____ work or with my family. I don’t have time for other things.’ When (13)_____ is not working, she likes to eat a takeaway pizza with her children (14)_____ play basketball with them. Ahrendts and the family go back to

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Indiana for (15)_____ several times a year. ‘We want our children to stay in contact with their cousins,’ she says.

Vocabulary Notes:

back-to-back115 /ˌbæk.təˈbæk/ (adj.) [before noun]: happening one after another, without interruption

prorsum114 (adv.): forwards, right onward; absolutely, entirely, utterly, by all means; in short

V. READING 2: Read the text that follows. Are sentences 1 - 7 ‘Right’ or ‘Wrong’? If there is not enough information to answer ‘Right’ or ‘Wrong’, choose

‘Doesn’t say’. (RS: 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9)

Beware of your online image

Jobseekers have been warned that their Facebook profile could damage their employment prospects, after a study found that 7 in 10 employers now research candidates online.

According to new figures released by Microsoft, checks on Facebook and Twitter are

now as important in the job-selection process as a CV or interview.

The survey, which questioned human-resource managers at the top 100 companies in the UK, the US, Germany and France, found that 70 per cent admitted to rejecting a candidate because of their online behaviour.

But HR bosses also said that a strong image online could actually help job hunters to

land their dream job. Peter Cullen, of Microsoft, said: “Your online reputation is not something

to be scared of, it's something to be proactively managed. These days, it's essential that web

users cultivate the kind of online reputation that they would want an employer to see."

Facebook faux pas include drunken photographs, bad language and messages

complaining about work.

Farhan Yasin, of online recruitment network Careerbuilder.co.uk, said: "Social networking is a great way to make connections with job opportunities and promote your personal brand across the Internet. People really need to make sure they are using this resource to their advantage, by conveying a professional image.''

But Mr Yasin cautioned job seekers to be aware of their online image even after landing the perfect job, after their own research found that 28 per cent of employers had fired staff for content found on their social-networking profile. He added, "A huge number of employers have taken action against staff for writing negative comments about the company or

another employee on their social-networking page."

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Vocabulary Notes:

faux pas119 /ˌfəʊ ˈpɑː/ [C] (plural faux pas): words or behaviour that are a social mistake or not polite

figure116 /ˈfɪɡ.ər/ [C]: the symbol for a number or an amount expressed in numbers

(to) land117 /lænd/ (vt.): to get or achieve something good, especially in a way that seems easy or unexpected

proactively118 /ˌprəʊˈæk.tɪv.li/ (adv.): in a way that causes change by taking action, rather than reacting to changes

Questions:

1. It is true that seven out of ten of job hunters around the world actually go online to know more about a candidate applying for a post.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn’t say

2. HR managers of Facebook and Twitter use Microsoft’s data. A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn’t say

3. Microsoft carries out a survey, finding some correspondence between a candidate’s Facebook profile and their opportunity to apply for a job.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn’t say

4. Peter Cullen, when talking about Microsoft, discusses a candidate’s online reputation. A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn’t say

5. According to the survey, a candidate should not post their bad language on Facebook. A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn’t say

6. Farhan Yasin works for Careerbuilder.co.uk. A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn’t say

7. According to Careerbuilder.co.uk.’s research, one out of three bosses fires an employee because of the latter’s negative social-networking profile.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn’t say

VI. READING 3: Read the following text and choose the best option to fill in each

blank. (RS: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9)

Lambrois 303

Your careers guidance service

If you don't have a career (1)_____ in mind or if you are tired of your old five (2)_____ and want to make a career (3)_____, you can just call us on the telephone number below to find out how we can help you.

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nine-to-We will work with you to understand what is really important to you. For example, are you more interested in (4)_____ a lot of money or in having the opportunity to (5)_____ the career ladder?

Our experienced counsellors will also review your existing skills, experience and

(6)_____ to help guide you into a role that will be right for you. They may also ask you to

(7)_____ a psychometric test to help them to understand what areas of (8)_____ suit you

best. Maybe you are thinking of a job in finance but are you really good with (9)_____? Or a position in (10)_____ resources but do you really enjoy dealing with people and their needs?

Vocabulary Notes:

counsellor120 /ˈkaʊn.səl.ər/ [C]: someone who is trained to listen to people and give them advice about their

problems

psychometric121 /ˌsaɪ.kəʊˈmet.rɪk/ (adj.): designed to show someone's personality, mental ability, opinions, etc.

1 A ladder B path C opportunity D chance

6 A certificates B diplomas C levels D qualifications

8 A job B employment C progress D works

VII. READING 4: Read the letter below. Choose the best answer to each of the

questions that follow the letter. (RS: 3, 4, 7, 8, 9)

Fuerstenweg 110 D-30000 Hanover 7l

21 June 20-

Mr John Curtis Manager