En11 từ vựng ngữ nghĩa học bài 13

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HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY

MID -TERM TEST ON LEXICOSEMANTICSFOR STUDENTS OF ENGLISH (No 1)

Subject Code: EN11Full name:

Date of birth: Group:

<small>I. Answer the following questions: (40 points)</small>1. What is a word ? its typical features?

2. What is a morpheme? What are the differences between a word and a morpheme?(The file sent will be named after each student’s name. Plagiarism will lead to failure)

1 * A word is a basic element of language that carries an objective or practical meaning, can be usedon its own, and is uninterruptible..

* its typical features: Words carry meaning, representing concepts, ideas, or objects in the world.………

2. A "morpheme" is a short segment of language that meets three basic criteria:- It is a word or a part of a word that has meaning.

- It cannot be divided into smaller meaningful segments without changing its meaning orleaving a meaningless remainder.

- It has relatively the same stable meaning in different verbal environments.

*The main differences between a word and a morpheme lie in their size, independence, and potentialmeaning:

 Word: Every word, whether simple or complex, has a clear and independent meaning ("car,""beautiful," "running").

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 Morpheme: While all morphemes have meaning, some bound morphemes can change ormodify the meaning of a word without having a standalone meaning themselves ("-s" in "cats"indicates plurality, "re-" in "rewrite" indicates repetition).

The main differences between a word and a morpheme lie in their size, independence, and potentialmeaning:

Here's a table summarizing the key differences:

Independence Can stand alone Can or cannot stand alone

clear meaning

Can have a clear meaning ormodify another word's meaningdrive_spreadsheetExport to Sheets

In essence, words are built with morphemes, which act as the building blocks of language. Whilesome morphemes are self-sufficient single units, others work together to create even more complexand nuanced meanings.

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<b>II. Exercises</b>

Exercises on Prefixes

<i>I.Which negative adjective fits each of the following definition ?</i>

1. ………... not having a husband or wife.2. ………...…. means impossible to eat

3. ………...…. means unable to read and write.4. ………...…..means not having a job.

5 ………...……...means fair in giving judgement, not favouring one side.6 ………...means unable to be replaced.

<b>II. Answer the following questions</b>

1. What kind of oven cooks things particularly fast ?...

2. What kind of drug can help somebody with an infection ?...

3. What kind of company has branches in many countries ?...

4. How does a passenger aeroplane normally fly ?...

5. What is a student who is studying for a second degree ?...

6. What means "underground railway in the US " and " underground passage in the UK"? ...

<b>III.Rewrite the following sentences, using prefixes.</b>1 He's in favour of the American approach. ...

4. He dated his cheque with a date that was late than the real date ...

<b>IV. Use your knowledge of prefixes to write definitions of the underlined words</b>

Although Jim is an ex-soldier, he's only semi-literate. When he tries to write a letter, he misspells half the words and his wife has to rewrite it for him . His wife used to workin a sub-department of the post office where her main job was redirecting mail . Jim'svery pro-army but he over-emphasizes its good points. His wife, on the other hand, israther anti-army and she undervalues its positive aspects.

<i><b>I.Which negative adjective fits each of the following definition ?</b></i>

<i>1. unmarried</i>

2. Inedible3. Illiterate4. Unemployed5. Impartial

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6. irreplaceable...II.Answer the following questions

1. Microwave oven 2. Antibiotic

3. International company

4. Passenger aeroplanes normally fly using lift generated by their wings5. Graduate student

6. Subway

<b>III. Rewrite the following sentences, using prefixes.</b>

1. He's pro-American in his approach.

<b>1.</b> The BBC aimed to mispronounce fewer foreign words.

<b>2.</b> Most people feel overworked and underpaid.

<b>3.</b> He postdated his cheque.

<b>4.</b> She remains amicable with her ex-husband.

<b>5.</b> The letter's errors forced him to re-write it.

<b>IV. Use your knowledge of prefixes to write definitions of the underlined words</b>

Here are the definitions of the underlined words using prefixes:

1. Ex-soldier: "Ex-" prefix indicates a previous state or position, so this means Jim used to be a soldier but is no longer actively serving.

2. Semi-literate: "Semi-" prefix means "partially" or "to some extent," so Jim can read and write to a basic level but not fluently or accurately.

3. Misspell: "Mis-" prefix indicates something done incorrectly, so misspelling means writing words with errors in their spelling.

4. Sub-department: "Sub-" prefix indicates a smaller or lower division within a larger organization, so this refers to a smaller section within the post office.

5. Redirect: "Re-" prefix suggests repetition or reversal, so redirecting mail involves sending it to a different recipient or address.

6. Pro-army: "Pro-" prefix indicates support or advocacy, so Jim strongly favors the army and its activities.

7. Over-emphasize: "Over-" prefix signifies excess or too much, so Jim exaggerates the good aspects of the army, potentially misrepresenting or overlooking negative aspects.

8. Anti-army: "Anti-" prefix indicates opposition or against something, so Jim's wife strongly disagrees with the army and its actions.

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9. Undervalue: "Under-" prefix suggests less than deserved or expected, so Jim's wife downplays or neglects the positive aspects of the army, possibly focusing on its flaws.

<b>V. Which word is the odd one out in each set and why ?</b>

1, legible, loyal, legal, legitimate ...2, insert, internal, inedible, income ...3, uncomfortable ,unlock ,unfold, unzip...4

4, extract, ex-wife, ex- communicative, exhale...5, worship, kinship,friendship, partnership

1. Loyal - While related to legality and legitimacy, loyal primarily refers to faithfulness andcommitment, unlike the other words focused on the legal status or validity of something.

2. Income - The other words deal with internal aspects (insertion, internal, inedible), while income isexternal, referring to something received from outside.

3. Unfold - The other words involve unlocking a literal or metaphorical barrier, while unfold suggestsrevealing or expanding something closed or compressed.

4. Ex-wife - The other words all share the prefix "ex-" denoting a past status or state, but ex-wife is aspecific relationship term, not a general action or quality like the others

5. Kinship - The other words are all interpersonal bonds focused on choice and shared experiences, whilekinship emphasizes a biological or familial connection, potentially involuntary and pre-existing.

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