En11 từ vựng ngữ nghĩa học bài 20

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<b>HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITYMID -TERM TEST ON LEXICOSEMANTICS</b>

<small>FOR STUDENTS OF ENGLISH (No 1)</small>Subject Code: EN11

ĐỀ 1Full name: Date of birth: Group:

<b>I. Answer the following questions: (40 points )</b>

1. What is a word ? its typical features?

2. What is a morpheme? What are the differences between a word and a morpheme?

 Definition: A word is a fundamental unit of language that carries meaning and canstand alone or be combined with other words to form sentences. It represents a lexical orgrammatical concept and is a basic building block of language.

 Typical Features:

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Meaningful Content: Morphemes carry specific meanings. They can represent lexicalmeanings (e.g., "run," "happy") or grammatical meanings (e.g., plural "-s," past tense "-ed").

Grammatical and Lexical Morphemes: Morphemes can be categorized intogrammatical morphemes, which convey grammatical relationships (e.g., articles,prepositions), and lexical morphemes, which carry more concrete meanings.

Variability: Morphemes can be free or bound. Free morphemes can stand alone aswords (e.g., "dog," "run"), while bound morphemes need to be attached to a freemorpheme to convey meaning (e.g., "un-" in "undo").

<b>Differences between Word and Morpheme:</b>

Size: A word is a larger unit that can consist of one or more morphemes. Amorpheme is the smallest unit of meaning and can be a whole word or a part of a word.

Independence: A word can stand alone and function independently, while amorpheme may or may not be able to stand alone. Bound morphemes, in particular, needto attach to free morphemes to convey meaning.

Function: Words serve as the primary carriers of meaning and fulfill variousgrammatical functions, while morphemes contribute to the meaning of words and canhave grammatical or lexical roles.

Examples: In the word "unhappiness," "un-" and "-ness" are morphemes. "Un-" isa bound morpheme, while "-ness" is a free morpheme that can stand alone as a word. Theentire word "unhappiness" consists of two morphemes.

<b>II. Exercises </b>

<b>Exercises on Prefixes</b>

<b>I.Which negative adjective fits each of the following definition ?</b>

1. Unmarried: not having a husband or wife.2. Inedible: means impossible to eat

3. Illiterate: means unable to read and write.4. Unemployed: means not having a job.

5. Impartialmeans: fair in giving judgement, not favouring one side.

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6. Irreplaceable: means unable to be replaced.

<b>III. Answer the following questions</b>

1. What kind of oven cooks things particularly fast ?A microwave oven.

2. What kind of drug can help somebody with an infection ?Antibiotics.

3. What kind of company has branches in many countries ?A multinational company.

4. How does a passenger aeroplane normally fly ?

During normal flight, the lift generated by the wings counteracts gravity, while thethrust provided by the engines overcomes drag, allowing the plane to maintainaltitude and move forward.

5. What is a student who is studying for a second degree ?Postgraduate student

6. What means "underground railway in the US " and " underground passage in theUK"?

Subway (US) and Underpass (UK).

<b>IV. Rewrite the following sentences, using prefixes.</b>

1. He's in favour of the American approach. He's pro-American in his approach.

2. The BBC tried to avoid pronouncing foreign words incorrectly The BBC attempted to mispronounce foreign words less.

3. Most people say they have to work too hard but are paid too littleMost people complain about overwork and underpayment.

4. He dated his cheque with a date that was late than the real date He postdated his cheque with a later date.

5. She's still on good terms with the man who used to be her husbandShe's still friendly with her ex-husband.

6. He made so many mistakes in the letter that he had to write it again

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He was so inaccurate in the letter that he had to rewrite it.

<b>V. Use your knowledge of prefixes to write definitions of the underlinedwords </b>

Although Jim is an ex-soldier, he's only semi-literate. When he tries to write aletter

, he misspells half the words and his wife has to rewrite it for him . His wife used to workin a sub-department of the post office where her main job was redirecting mail . Jim'svery pro-army but he over-emphasizes its good points. His wife, on the other hand, israther anti-army and she undervalues its positive aspects.

1. Ex-soldier: A person who was previously a member of the military but is nolonger actively serving.

2. Semi-literate: Someone with a limited ability to read and write, possessing onlypartial literacy skills.

3. Misspells: To incorrectly spell a word or words, typically due to errors or lack ofaccurate knowledge in spelling.

4. Rewrite: To compose or transcribe a written work again, often with the intentionof improving or altering the content.

5. Sub-department: A division or branch within a larger department, indicating asecondary or specialized area of focus.

6. Redirecting: The act of changing the direction or course, often applied to thererouting of resources, attention, or activities.

7. Pro-army: In favor of or supportive of the military, its actions, or its values.

8. Over-emphasizes: To place too much emphasis or significance on a particularaspect, often resulting in exaggeration or distortion.

9. Anti-army: Opposed to or against the military, its policies, or its existence.

10. Undervalues: To underestimate or assign a lower worth or importance tosomething than it deserves.

<b>V. Which word is the odd one out in each set and why ?</b>

1, legible, loyal, legal, legitimate

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"Loyal" is the odd one out because it does not share the "leg-" prefix found in theother words. The prefix "leg-" means related to law or legality.

2, insert, internal, inedible, income

"Inedible" is the odd one out because it does not share the "in-" prefix denoting insideor internal. Instead, "inedible" means not suitable for eating.

3, uncomfortable ,unlock ,unfold, unzip.

"Uncomfortable" is the odd one out as it does not begin with "un-" denoting reversalor negation. Instead, it begins with "un-" to indicate the absence of comfort.

4, extract, ex-wife, ex- communicative, exhale

"Exhale" is the odd one out because it does not begin with "ex-" meaning former orprevious. Instead, "exhale" refers to the act of breathing out.

5, worship, kinship,friendship, partnership

"Worship" is the odd one out because it does not end with "-ship," which is a suffixindicating a state or condition. Instead, "worship" is a verb denoting an action ofreverence or adoration.

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