đề tài thiết kế thang máy

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Chương I: Yêu cầu công nghệ thang máy
I. Giới thiệu thiết bị hợp thành thang máy
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bPhân loại theo công dụngGc=@5*#42/#(
d#42!MB2!*@!2!!#@*<
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d#42+I#!MB2!+I#!M(
bPhân loại theo tốc độ di chuyển của buồng thang :
d#42!5!L4+ef9g÷f9hg4i/
d#42*C!-*EH+ef9jg÷%9g4i/
d#42!#@*C!+e[9g÷g4i/(
bPhân loại theo trọng tải :
d#42=@5Ukl%hfB
d#42=@5*EHkegff÷[fffB
d#42=@5=.km[fffB
B*!,!;BQ9*#42*!=@542!;!,:!G?:!21[-<
3EO@-O4#*@!@B2!+**EJM*#42-S!/Y?&1#
D4!;-9@#ME*#!G*#EJE1#EO@34n1#?o(
"#EO@34!G4+&RE*#*5!pB- *!2194,*-
+B*C!-?!3+S*P2n[f÷qfor*C!--J4 !(
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- oM*#42!T!G!2!*-1&n=*--G4M!Y#
 ! "#$c
c
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E*#o(-!G%-!;=/G!Bs@P#4**C*#

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#o21*s1
21*s1=!**,*P#*`-S!/Y?&<**@!2!42:
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tF!<!-C+.!211O=
d u*@*@/Y?&
d 44!#@?vC!@9-O4EO@U`!7#!;!,+429-O4EO@-
F4?JB8:B=4+!*@!;!,+42G!(
d `=SFU92**,19-O4EO@-E=:9*5/Y?&
=.(
@*#42*H*#?*Ic÷g/S=4!21*$@9*$@E
*#(
Eo"=d1=4#/2*
"==!**?-3?K!21EA4#/2*n`*w*="=4#/2*o9*
-S!?1_E*@*#42("=4#/2*!G!2!DFE*4
B8*$@H>@wC!(CD!21*F"=4#/2**V*!+@/C/S!21
?K-*@42+!2!4w!!21(x*/C"=4#/2*!G17!,*?y@-3
*4#/2*(zD"=+!21!G!-! /6-O4EO@-4TQ*,*-C
+.!O!21+D"=(H?54)*!w*D!21*F"=!GOM=.
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!o#!C!21
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!G-C*`o9=@5!GBQ!*.!!B+-TU!8/,*-!;=.
/@+.!8/:*-!;?"=4#/2*(@42:G!*#
?*#!C!214*=.19*@*S1?=S!C!21*F*#
=.-3O4?=S!7#*#*#?*#=.1!21({*#
P#-DE!3-P#*!3-*J*+*=0!?K
-*.!21+!2!E1LB2!(
 ! "#$q

q

#4#/2*=4*=@5*#!G-)!-34=B8!C-J-<!21*F*#
4!C=F*#4*/C+T9B*#P#*H*H4*2!21!C+@+.
=0!!Fc = Fmax +2B#O#+.=0!!Fn = Fmin.
#*!3-4#/2*R#!21+*#(#4#/2*4=@5
H*&+=@5!G-BQ*#-_(
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*I=0!!O?J!!3*O*`+!2!-B=4+!+./C#*@!<
**('0!!!21U,*Fmin*F2O-S!*Q*I-B=0!
!E#-<-3*=0!EA4#/2*@)!*I-B-+|!@1s1!7#
!21(L=0!!!21=.,* Fmax *F2!C!<**-3?J!!3
*O*`=
Fmax = U + Fmin
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?I!Q>2!/@+./*<+P2*HD4/#@!@!#E?I-\*5
/*<+.F!<-!Q>2!!#@,*(

d2!F!<+-B3#*C!++L*C!91O-O4EO@/=„!@
B2!-*F*#42(-B31O-!^*C**C!-9#
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Đồ thị đặc tính cơ: (Trường hợp này sử dụng đối trọng)
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j
s,v
O
v,m/s
a
a
t
v
s
a
mo may c.d on dinh
ham xuong
toc do thap
a,
a,m/s
,m/s
Vmin = 0,2m/s
s : vi tri
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Đồ thị tốc độ tối ưu của thang máy:

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Chương II: Tính chọn động cơ
I.Chọn động cơ điện:
1.Công suất tĩnh của động cơ khi nâng tải có đối trọng:
P
tải
= F.V = m.a.V = m
t
- m
dt
.g.V ( KW )
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4
B2!
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+C!-:9~4i/•
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‡
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4
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dt
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bt
+
α
.m
khách max
(Bo
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α
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ef9cˆf9ho
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1
ở mỗi tầng để điều khiển các cửa, mở máy và dừng cabin
thang máy
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ε
e
f
tt
t
lv
lv
+
(%ffr
@-G*
=+
*#=4+!!7#-!;
*
f
*#^!7#-!;
TCnro
ε
d/C-G-*;-C!7#-!;=4+!M!-w5
=)1=5*$@*F!Z*8*=%gr9[gr9qfr9hfr
`/C-G-*F!Z
TCnro
ε
1S1+. 
LVnro
ε
*0!*(`
-!;!5?5=4+!M!-w5=)1=59*@*S1
-!;!5?5-S!!`+.!8/,*U;-3*L?&BO
!J*-!;!5?5-S!!@=!G/C-G-*;-C=
%ffrF!8/,*-!;!<!`/6=

P
đm

≥
P
lv.
%( Xây dựng đồ thị phụ tải chính xác của động cơ:
 ! "#$%[
%[

#B!`/;E-!;!@*#429*#!`-S!-!;(I-!;
-D!`*#!G-S!*8/C!<**-3>:?0!Q>2!-*J1&*O!7#
*#42(
2. Kiểm tra lại khả năng quá tải, các điều kiện mở máy và điều kiện phát
nóng:
a. Xác định momen cực đại trên tải:
x
4#>
eWG-S!*I-*J1&*O
b. Xác định momen cực đại qui về trên trục động cơ:
*#!Gx
4#>*
e
i
M
4#>
*@-G*^/C*!7#!;!,
*#!G
e
ω

ω
dc
yc
*@-G
ω
yc
d+L*C!G!!7#*#42
ω
dc
dL*C!G!!7#-!;

ω
yc
e
D
V
yc
([
.V!*C!-F!<?!3!7#*#42
…E2BQ1=
ω
dc
e
hf
([
n
dm
π
+.n
?4

*C!--J4 !!7#-!;9n+Ti1\*o
c. Xác định momen cực đại của động cơ đã chọn:
‹Q4@4$-J4 !!7#-!;
x
-4
e
ω
dm
dm
P
."
-4
!8/,*-J4 !-!;9n{Œo
 ! "#$%c
%c


ω
dm
d+L*C!G!!7#-!;9n#?i/o
‹Q4@4$!0!-5!7#-!;
*I!#*#=@$!7#?!;*#!G-S!*^/C4@4${e
M
M
dm
4#>
⇒
x
4#>
e{(x

-4
I!2!/C=-D*Q*@2M*F*#B34*#
x
4#>

≥
x
4#>*
H-!;!`*U#4D
S!=5*H*#1O*Q!`=5-!;!@1S1
II. Áp dụng tính toán thực tế đề tài
1. xác định các thông số của thang máy và lựa chọn loại, kiểu động cơ
truyền động:
a. Các thông số của thang máy và các số liệu liên quan:
d`=SE*#4
E*
ecffB
d`*O*C-#4e%c‚fBn[co
dC!-?!3=.,*!@1s1e%(‚n4i/o9#*C!=.,*!@1s1
#e%9gn4i/
[
o
dT#!#@ch*<9B@O!2!R#!2!*<[9‚4
⇒
e[9‚(che%ff9‚
n4o
dBQ1=…ef9‚g~4•
b. Xác định loại, kiểu động cơ truyền động cho thang máy:
d…=@5-!;…(
2. Xây dựng đồ thị phụ tải tĩnh:

a. Công suất tĩnh của động cơ có đối trọng:
4
-*
e4
E*
b
α
(4
B2!4#>
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4
*
e4
E*
b4
B2!
"
*O
e4
*
d4
?*
(
#!7#4*!!M-S!*Q*$@!8* !
 ! "#$%q
%q

eb*
1
he/C*<>!!#@!7#*<

#1&!+&*
1
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1
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%
n{b%ob*
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ϕ
•(%9%
dIEO!`*
%
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dI-*J*#!`{e‚
{/C-34?I>2!/,*!7#*#42MR*<!#@;*<**
d*
[
ecn4*#+@*#424,*c/o
d`
ϕ
ef9‚
dŠ/CB2!
I!2!/C=*Q*@2M*F*#!GEO+-*J1&*O*;-C!7#
*#42*$@!8/,*
 ! "#$%g
%g
Số lượng
khách

m khách
( kg)
m tải
( kg)
m
dt
Số tầng
di
chuyển
Thời
gian
một
chuyến
chở
Công suất
phụ tải
( Kw)
1 60 360 852 5 87,49 8,6
2 120 420 852 2 80,78 7,62
3 180 480 852 9 105,22 6,56
4 240 540 852 7 101,63 5,5
5 300 600 852 5 98,05 4,44
6 360 660 852 4 103,8 3,38
7 420 720 852 6 106,44 2,32
8 480 780 852 3 99,75 1,27
9 540 840 852 15 139,72 0,21
10 600 900 852 17 148,58 0,84
11 660 960 852 21 163,67 1,9
12 720 1020 852 19 160,09 2,96
13 780 1080 852 18 159,62 4,02

14 840 1140 852 20 168,48 5,08
15 900 1200 852 25 186,67 6,13
16 960 1260 852 23 183,09 7,19
17 1020 1320 852 24 188,84 8,25
18 1080 1380 852 22 185,26 9,31
19 1140 1440 852 30 212,79 10,37
20 1200 1500 852 34 227,87 11,43
21 1260 1560 852 35 233,62 12,48
22 1320 1520 852 36 239,38 11,78
23 1380 1680 852 8 154,9 14,6
8,6
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g9f‚
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1,9
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h9gh
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
Hình 6: Đồ thị phụ tải tĩnh
+L*#!G
P
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i
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t
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= 8,3 Kw
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2.Ưu điểm x5!-=0!-;O9*@-GB8!<!G!B2!:
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E*(
II. Tính chọn mạch biến đổi:
H*-*#42=4*!+!G-O@!9F*#!`
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B3F(T45!BQ!*I-!;!!G4*E!^=!<c1#
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