Peterson’s master toefl vocabulary part 22 ppt

138 PART III: TOEFL Vocabulary Review
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EXERCISES: PUTTING IT TOGETHER
Directions: Now, do this crossword puzzle to review some of the vocabulary you
have practiced.
Across Down
1. Yield 1. Unfeeling
6. Eager 2. Harmful
8. Angry 3. Abbreviation for kitchen
12. Piece of land, as in parking _____ 4. Abbreviation for street
13. Preposition: _____ the same time 5. Quality, characteristic
14. Negative word 6. Equipment
15. Prefix meaning against 7. Poison
16. Unmoving 8. Wounds
17. Inter 9. Careless and impolite
19. Have you _____ Tom? 10. Prefix meaning before
20. Cause 11. Antonym of yes
23. Very valuable object 15. Entrance, means of reaching
25. Ability 18. Neither/_____
06_TOEFL Vocab,Ch6,117-142 8/4/06, 12:40138
Chapter 6: All About Prefixes 139
exercises
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Across Down
26. Use the eyes 20. Subject pronoun
28. Informal word for friend 21. Has the sun always _____
29. Conclave 22. Vigor
31. What is expected, usual, or average 24. Clear and definite
33. Scold, rebuke 25. Soothe, relieve
36. Wrong, faulty 27. Circum, peri
39. Abbreviation for North America 30. Conjunction

40. Suffix used to form a noun from occur 32. Prefix meaning two
41. Atmosphere 34. Uni, mono
42. An infant is totally _____ 35. Feminine pronoun
upon its mother. 36. Indefinite article
37. Abbreviation for medium
38. Abbreviation for separate
06_TOEFL Vocab,Ch6,117-142 8/4/06, 12:40139
140 PART III: TOEFL Vocabulary Review
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ANSWER KEY
Words in Context
1. D 4. C
2. A 5. D
3. B
Prefixes
1. agree 6. excessive activity
2. false virtue 7. underground room
3. existing 8. not moral
4. complete 9. squeeze
5. deep blue 10. arrogant
Synonyms
1. D 5. B
2. A 6. B
3. D 7. D
4. B
06_TOEFL Vocab,Ch6,117-142 8/4/06, 12:40140
Chapter 6: All About Prefixes 141
answers
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exercises

Putting It Together
06_TOEFL Vocab,Ch6,117-142 8/4/06, 12:40141
142 PART III: TOEFL Vocabulary Review
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SUMMING IT UP
• Learning prefixes will help you work out the meanings of words.
• There are more than fifty prefixes in English.
06_TOEFL Vocab,Ch6,117-142 8/4/06, 12:40142
chapter 7
143
All About Suffixes
OVERVIEW
• Suffixes
• Strategies for learning suffixes
• How suffixes work
• Suffixes that describe state of being
• Suffixes that indicate occupations
• Suffixes that show resemblance
• Suffixes that show amount
• Twelve useful suffixes
• Summing it up
SUFFIXES
A suffix is a combination of letters added to the end of a word or word root.
Suffixes are used either to form new words or show the function of a word. For
example, the suffix -ist or -ian added to a noun describes people, forming words
like “motorist” and “musician.”
In this chapter, you will learn some common suffixes that identify nouns, verbs,
adjectives, and adverbs to help you recognize errors in word forms. You can also
improve your vocabulary as you learn how these common suffixes change words
from one part of speech to another.

STRATEGIES FOR LEARNING SUFFIXES
Remember that suffixes or word forms are the most common type of error tested
on the TOEFL.
• Check for word form errors that include the use of words related to certain
fields and the people who work in the field (botany, botanical, a botanist).
• Check for word form errors involving adjectives and nouns (developing/
development).
• Check for other word form errors, such as a noun in place of a verb (belief/
believe).
07_TOEFL Vocab,Ch7,143-166 8/9/06, 12:02143
144 PART III: TOEFL Vocabulary Review
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HOW SUFFIXES WORK
Suffixes Are Added to the End of Roots to Create Many Words
In the same way that prefixes are placed at the beginning of a word to change its meaning,
suffixes are placed at the end to change a word’s meaning. Here are some examples:
Word + Suffix = Word Definition
allege ation allegation assertion, claim
recognize tion recognition identification
alien ation alienation estrangement, cut off from
peril ous perilous dangerous
hazard ous hazardous dangerous
capacity ous capacious large, roomy
tonsils itis tonsillitis inflammation of the tonsils
bronchi itis bronchitis inflammation of the lung region
appendix itis appendicitis inflammation of the appendix
Suffixes Are Always Attached to Words Without a Break
Even though you may have seen the suffix written with a hyphen (as in -eous, -ion,
-ment), the suffix is attached without a hyphen. The following chart shows some examples:
Word + Suffix = New Word Definition

combust ible combustible flammable
pasture al pastoral country-like
palace ial palatial like a palace
abstain ious abstemious moderate, sober
wasp ish waspish irritable, crabby
fellow ship fellowship sociability
Suffixes Are Different Lengths
As with prefixes, suffixes can be as short as one letter or far longer. The following chart
shows some examples:
Number of Letters Suffix Word Pronunciation Meaning
One-Letter Suffix d promulgated (prom-mul-gay-ted) to publish or
disseminate widely
Two-Letter Suffix ed besmirched (bee-smirchd) to soil; make filthy
Three-Letter Suffix ity instability not stable
Four-Letter Suffix ment inducement (in-doos-ment) incentive
Five-Letter Suffix ation vacillation (vah-ci-lay-shun) indecision
07_TOEFL Vocab,Ch7,143-166 8/9/06, 12:02144