Fundamentals of english grammar third edition part 55 ppt

EXERCISE
27.
Written: adjective clauses. (Chapter
12)
Direeuons:
Complete the sentences with your own words.
1.
My friend told me about a man who
. . .
.
7.
The people whose
. . .
.
2.
I have a friend whose
. . . .
8.
Do you know the woman that
. .
.
?
3.
1
returned the book that
. . .
.
9.
The book
I.
. .

.
4.
The person who
. .
. .
10.
The person to whom.
. . .
5.
The people
I
. . . .
11.
OneoftheplacesI.

6.
The movie we
. . . .
12.
Some of the
things
I
. . . .
EXERCISE
28.
Error analysis: adjective clauses. (Chapter
12)
Directions:
Correct the mistakes.
1.

The book that I bought
if
at the bookstore was very expensive.
2.
The woman was nice that I met yesterday.
3.
The people which live next to me are friendly.
4.
I met a woman who her husband is a famous lawyer.
5.
Do you know the people who lives in that house?
6.
The professor teaches Chemistry
101
is very good.
7.
1
wrote a thank-you note to the people who
I
visited their house onThanksgiving Day.
8.
The people who
I
met them at the party last night were interesting.
9.
I
enjoyed the music that we listened to it.
10.
The man was very angry who's bicycle was stolen.
11.

A
clock is an instrument measures time.
12.
The apple tree is producing hit that we planted it last year.
13.
Before I came here,
I
don't have the opportunity to speak to people who their native
tongue is English.
14.
One of the thing
I
need to get a new alarm clock.
366
CHAPTER
12
15. The people who was waiting in line for tickets to the game they were happy and
excited because their team had made it to the championship series.

.
,
~AEKC~I~E
29.
Adjective clauses. (Chapter
12)
Directions:
Discuss one or more of the following topics
in
groups or as a class. Practice
-':;q

using adjective clauses in your sentences as much as possible (but not every sentence
':.?<,
m
1.'.
'+
needs to have
an
adjective clause).
.
,.
.
Example:
SPEAKER
A:
What are the qualities of a friend?
SPEAKER
B:
A
friend is someone you can depend on in times of wuble.
SPEAKER
C:
A
friend is a person who accepts you as you are.
SPEAKER
D:
Friends don't talk about you behind your back.
SPEAKER
E:
I
agree.

A
friend is someone you can trust with secrets.
SPEAKER
F:
E~c.
1.
What is your idea of the ideal roommate?
(Suggested beginning:
An ideal roommate
is
someone who
.
.
.
.
2.
What kind of people make good leaders?
.,
,.

. .
(Good leaders are people who
.
. .
.
)
::

,
.

I?,
.kc<'
~L
,
'
1
'*;
".,
41
.
"'
,
.
3:
What
are
the qualities of a good neighbor?
,'
<.:$&
(A
pod neighbor
ti
a person who
. . . .
)
4.
What kind of people make good parents?
(People who
. .
. .

)
5. What is your idea of the ideal classroom?
(Students
need
a classroom
that
. . . .
)
6.
What are the qualities of a good boss and a bad boss?
(A
good boss
ti
someone who
. .
.
,
but a bad boss
.
. . .
)
EXERCISE
30.
Adjective clauses. (Chapter
12)
Direchns:
Write a few sentences on one (or more) of the topics in Exercise
29
andlor the
following topics. Practice using adjective clauses in some of your sentences.

Addirional
topiw:
1. The qualities of the ideal wifehusband.
2.
The qualities of the ideal apartment.
3.
The qualities of a good student.
4.
The qualities of a good teacher.
5. The qualities of a good novel.
Adjective
Clauses
367
-
CHAPTER
13
4
Gerunds
and Infinitives
~
-
CONTENTS
13-1
Vcrb
-
gerund
13-2
Go
+
-ing

-3
Verb
+
infinitive
13-4
Verb
+
gerund or infinitive
13-5
Preposition
+
gerund
13-6
Using
by
and
with
to express how something is
done
13-7
Using gerunds as subjects: using
it
+
infinitive
3
It
+
infinitive: using
for (someone)
13-9

Expressing purpose with
in order to
and
for
13-10
Using infinitives with
too
and
enough
1
13-1
VERB
+
GERUND
verb
gerund
I
I
enjoy walking
in the park.
I
COMMON VERBS
POUOWBD
BY
GERUNDS
&W
@)
I
enjoy working
in

my garden.
finish
(c)
Ann
finished studying
at midnight.
89
(d) It
stopped raining
a few minutes ago.
quiz
(e)
David
quit smoking.
mind
(f) Would you
mind opening
the window?
~~ne
(g) I
postponed doing
my homework.
put off
01)
Iput ddoing
my homework.
keep
(on)
(i)
Keep (on) working.

Don't stop.
consider
(j)
I'm
considering going
to Hawaii.
think about
(k) I'm
thinking about going
to
Hawaii.
discuss
(1) They
discussed getting
a new car.
tolk
about
(m) They
talked about getting
a new car.
(n)
I
c-dered not going
to class.
A
gerund is the
-in#
form of a
verb.
It is

used as a noun.
In
(a):
wdking
is a
gerund.
It
is used as the object of the
verb
eniw.
The verbs in the list
are
followed
by
gerunds. The list also contains phrasal
verbs (e.g.,
put
off)
that
are followed by
gerunds.
The verbs
in
the list are
NOT
followed by
to
+
the simple form
of

a
wb
(an
infinitive).
INCORRECT:
I
enjiy
20
walk
in the park.
INCOR~T:
Bob finished
w
study.
INCORRECT:
I'm thinking
w
go
w
Hawaii.
See Chart
2-5,
p.
29,
for the spelling of
-ing
verb forms.
Negative form:
not
+

gerund
EXERCISE
1.
Verb
+
gerund.
(Chart
13-1)
Directions:
Complete the sentences by using gerunds. Add a preposition after the gerund
it
necessary.
1.
It was cold and rainy yesterday, so we postponed
qoiw to
/
visifiw
the
zoo.
2.
The Porters' house is too small. They're considering
thto
/VCR~W
a bigger house.
3.
We discussed Colorado for our vacation.
4.
When Martha finished the floor, she dusted the furniture.
5.
Sometimes students put off

their homework.
6.
We had a blizzard yesterday, but it fmally stopped
around
10:00
P.M.
7.
Iquit comic books when I was twelve years old.
8.
I'm thinking about a biology course next semester.
9.
Beth doesn't like her job. She's talking about
a different job.
10.
I enjoy sports.
1 1.
I'm considering NewYork City.
12.
A:
Are you listening to me?
B: Yes. Keep
.
I'm listening.
13.
A.
Do you want to take a break?
B: No. I'm not tired yet. Let's keep on
for another hour
or
SO.

14.
A:
Would you mind the window?
B: Not at all. I'd be glad to.
15.
A:
I'm thinking about not
the meeting tomorrow.
B:
Really?
Why?
I hope you decide to go. We need your input.
Gerunds and lnnnltlves
369
EXERCISE
2.
Verb
+
gerund. (Chart
13-1)
Directions:
Complete the sentences
in
the dialogues. Use the expressions
in
the list or your
own words. Be sure to use a gerund in each sentence.
buy a new car Jrain
do
m~

homework
read a good book
do
things repeat that
get
a
Toyota smoke
go to
rhe
zoo on Saturday
tap your fingernails on the
table
help him
try
1.
A:
Would you like to go for a walk?
B: Has it stopped
vai~i~q*
?
A:
Yes.
B: Let's go.
2.
A:
I've been having a lot of trouble with my old Volkswagen the last couple of months.
It's slowly falling apart. I'm
thinking
about
B: Do you

think
you'll get anothervolkswagen?
A:
No. I'm considering
3.
A:
What do you usually do in your free time
in
the evening?
B:
I
enjoy
4.
A:
Good news!
I
feel great.
I
don't cough any more, and
I
don't
run
out of breath
when I walk up a
hill.
B: Oh?
A:
I quit
B:
That's wonderful!

5.
A:
I've been working on this math problem for the last half hour, and I still don't
understand
it.
B:
Well, don't give up. Keep
.
If
at first you don't succeed,
try,
try
again.
The
obien
following
atop
is
a
gerund,
NOT
an
infinirive.
INCORRECT:
It
r-d
w
win.
But
in

special circumstances,
stop
em
be
followed
by
an infinitive
of
purpose:
in
oh
to
(see Chart
13-9,
p.
391).
Wh5
I
rwr
uwlking
dm
the
hall,
I
dmppPd
wy
pen.
I
stopped
to

Qick
it
up.
=
I
sto-d
walking
in
mdor
to@'&
iz
up.
370
CHAPTER
13
6.
A:
Are you a procrastinator?
B:
A
what?
A:
A
procrastinator. That's someone who always postpones
B: Oh. Well, sometimes I put off
7.
A:
What are you doing?
B: I'm helping Teddy with his homework.
A:

When you finish
,
could you help me in the
kitchen?
B: Sure.
8.
A:
Could you please stop doing that?
B: Doing what?
A:
Stop
.
It's driving me crazy!
9.
A:
Do you have any plans for this weekend?
B:
Henry and I talked about
10.
A:
I didn't understand what you said. Would you mind
?
B: Of course not. I said, "Three free trees."
EXERCISE
3.
Verb
+
gerund. (Chart
13-1)
Directions:

Complete the sentences in Column
A
by using a verb from Column B and your
own words. Use the verbs in Column B only once.
Example:
I often postpone
+
write
+
I
often postpone writing thank
you
nores, and then
I
hawe to apologize for sending
them late.
Column
A
1.
I
often postpone
. . .
.
2.
1
enjoy.
. . .
3.
I'm considering.
. .

.
4.
Would you mind
. . . .
5.
I finished.
.
. .
6.
I'll never stop
. .
.
.
7.
Do you ever think about
. .
. .
8.
You should keep
. .
. .
9.
Sometimes I put off.
. . .
Column
B
buy listen
close love
do make
eat open

exercise play
finish take
give
go
help
learn
leave
teach
try
visit
watch
Jwrite
Gerunds and lnflnltlves
371
1")
u.u
yuu
gu
muppmma
ysarsluilyr
w
~b
~uuuwcu
oy
a
gerunu
m
cerraln iulomarlc
(b)
I

wont swimming
last week.
expressions about activities.
(c) Bob
hasn't gonefishing
in
years.
Notice: There
is
no
to
benueen
go
and
the germ?
I
INCORRECT:
Didyou
go
to
rhoppiw?
COWON EXPRESSIONS
WITH
GO
+
-ING
go boating
go dancing go jogging
go (window) shopping
go

(watey) skiing
go bowling
go firhing go running
go sightseeing
go
skydiving
go camping
go hiking
go sailing
go
(ice) skating go swimming
I
EXERCISE
4.
GO
+
-ING.
(Chart
13-2)
Directions:
Answer the questions. Use the expressions with
go
+
-ing
listed in Chart
13-2.
1.
Ann often goes to the beach. She spends hours in the water. What does she like to
do?
+

She likes
to
go swimming.
2.
Nancy and Frank like to spend the whole day on a lake with poles in their hands.
What do they like to do?
3.
Last summer Adam went to a national park. He slept in a tent and cooked his food
over a fire. What did Adam do last summer?
4.
Tim likes to go to stores and buy things. What does he like to do?
5.
Laura takes good care of her health. She runs a couple of miles every day. What does
Laura do every day?
(NOTE:
There are
two
possible responses.)
6.
On weekends in the winter, Fred and Jean sometimes drive to a resort in the
mountains. They like to race down the side of a mountain in the snow. What do they
like to do?
372
CHAMER
13