Fundamentals of english grammar third edition part 57 docx

A:
Have you ever thought about
(sray)
home and
(relax)
12
?
13
B: That's not a vacation to me. If I stay home during my vacation, I always end up doing
all the chores around the house that I've put off
(do)
for the past
14
year. When
I
go on a holiday,
I
like
(visit)
new places and
(do)
15
new things. I enjoy
(see)
parts of the
16
17
world I've never seen before.
A:
What place would you like
(visit)

the most?
18
B: I'd love
(go) (camp)
in New Zealand. My
19 20
wife loves
(camp)
in new places too, but I'm afraid she might
21
refuse
(go)
to New Zealand. She doesn't like long plane flights.
22
A:
Why don't you just pick a spot on a map? Then call and make a hotel reservation.
B: Neither of us can stand
(spend)
two whole weeks at a
23
luxury hotel.
I
don't mean
(say)
anything bad about big hotels,
24
but both of us seem
(like)
more adventurous vacations.
25

A:
Well, keep
(think)
about it. I'm sure you'll figure out a
26
really great place for your vacation.
B:
We'll have to stop
(think)
about it sometime soon and
27
make a decision.
A:
I can't wait
find)
out where you decide
(go)
28 29
I'll expect
(hear)
from you when you make a decision. Don't
30
forget
(call)
me.
31
B:
Hmmm. Maybe we should go
(ski)
in Switzerland. Or perhaps

32
we could go
(waterski)
on the Nile. Then there's the
33
possibility of going
(hike)
in the Andes. Of course, we'd
34
probably enjoy
(swim)
off the Great Barrier Reef of
35
380
CHAPTER
13
Australia.
And
we shouldn't postpone
(explore)
the
36
Brazilian rainforest much longer. Someday I'd really like
(climb)
37
to the top of an active volcano and
(look)
inside the crater. Or
38
maybe we could

. . .
.
1
13-5
PREPOSITION
+
GERUND
m
(a) Kate
insisted
on coming
with
us.
@)
We're
excited
about going
to Tahiti.
(c)
I
apologizedfor
being
late.
A
pre on is followed by
a
gerund, not
an
infinitive.
In

(a).
L
LLS
preposition
(on)
is followed by
a
gerund
(cornink).
COMMON ULPReSSIONS
WITH
PREPOSITIONS FOLLOWED
BY
GERUNDS
be afiaid
of
(doing something)
fo@e
(someone)
/or plan
on
apologize for be good
at
be responsiblefor
believe
in
insist
on
stop
(someone)

from
dream
about
be interested
in
thank
(someone)
for
be excited
about
look forward
to
be tired
of
feel
like
be
nerwus
about
worry
aboutlbe
worried
about
EXERCISE
13.
Preposition
+
gerund. (Chart
13-5
and Appendix

2)
Directions:
Complete the sentences with a preposition and the given words.
1.
I'm looking forward
+
go
to the zoo
-t
I'm looking forward to going to the zoo.
2.
Thank you
+
open the door
3.
I'm worried
+
be late for the concert
4.
Are you interested
+
go to the museum
with
us
5.
I
apologized
+
be late
6.

Are you afraid
+
fly in small planes
7.
Are you nervous
+
take your driver's test
Gerunds and InflniWves
381
8. We're excited
+
go to a soccer game
9.
Jack insisted
+
pay the restaurant bill
10. Annie dreams
+
be a horse trainer someday
1 1. I don't feel
+
eat right now
12. Please forgive me
+
not call you sooner
13. I'm tired
+
live with five roommates
14. I believe
+

be honest at all times
15. Let's plan
+
meet at the restaurant at six
16.
Who's responsible
+
clean the classroom
17.
The police stopped us
+
enter the building
18. Jake's not very good
+
cut his own hair
EXERCISE 14. Preposition
+
gerund. (Chart 13-5 and Appendix 2)
Direchns:
Work in pairs.
Speaker
A.
Complete the sentence with a preposition and "doing something."
Speaker B: Ask a question about A's statement. Begin with "What
. .
."
and end with
"doing."
Speaker
A:

Answer the question in a complete sentence using your own words.
Example:
I'm looking forward
. . . .
SPEAKER
A:
I'm looking forward to doing something.
SPEAKER
B:
What are you looking forward to doing?
. .
.,??
SPEAKERA: I'm looking forward to going to a movie tonight.
."
Switch roles.
1.
I'm interested
. .
. .
6.
I'm nervous
.
. . .
2. I'm worried
. . . .
7.
I'm excited
. . . .
3. 1 thanked my friend
. . .

.
8. I feel
. . . .
4. I apologized
. . . .
9.
I'm planning
. . .
.
5. I'm afraid
. . . .
10. I'm tired
. . . .
EXERCISE 15. Preposition
+
gerund. (Chart 13-5 and Appendix 2)
Directions:
Using the verbs in parentheses, complete the sentences with prepositions and
gerunds.
1.
I believe
i*
(t&)
tehs
the truth no matter what.
2.
I wish the weather would get better. I'm tired
&
(be)
be~w

inside all the time.
3. I don't go swimming because I'm a•’raid
(drown)
4.
Greg is nervous
(meet)
his girlfriend's parents
for the first time.
382
CHAPTER
13
I
don't know how to thank you
F~P)
me.
Are you interested
(go)
to a bullfight?
I
just can't get excited
(visit)
Disneyland for the
third time in two years.
Why do you constantly worry
(Please)
your
a
.
",;, <
parents?

,.
,
.
:
,.
,:
.,
Every summer,
I
look forward
(take)
a vacation
with my family.
Do you feel
(w
me why you're so sad?
I apologize
(lie)
,
but I was trying to protect you
from the truth. Sometimes the truth hurts.
Why do you always insist
(WY)
for everything
when we go out for dinner?
v
g.;i'
I
want you to how that
I'm

sorry.
I
don't know
if
you
cn*
ever
forgive me
i:~!
.+.
:
.,
(cause)
you so much trouble.
1
L*.'
;,-s:
I'm not very good
(remember)
na
mes.,
.
,;I
.:
I'm not happy in my work.
I
often dream
(wit)
my job.
How do you stop someone

(do)
something you
:,.
4
. .
I

know is wrong?
I.,.s,:
,,
,
.
',

.
.
,#
I'm too tired to cook, but I hadn't planned
(eat)
out tonight.
,
,
.
,?
,
.
;,t'.,,>
Who's responsible
(spin)
these coffee beans all

over the floor?

19.
Anna made a lot of big mistakes at work. That's why she was afraid
(lose)*
her job.
.

.,
.,
.,
.
.
.
.
LL-
0
,
. .
h,,,.
,>
,<.
,,
,
.
.
.
.
.
1.1

1.
,:\
:"li*
'
I
Wote
that
lo-
is
spelled
with
one "0."
The
word
lam,
with
rwc
"o"s, is
an
adjective meaning ''not tight."
(B.g.,
MY
shirr
L
big
and
loole.)
Pmnvnfistion difference:
lorc
=

iluwd;
loore
=
iluwsl.
Gerunds and lnflnltlves
383
17
EXERCISE
16.
Preposition
+
gerund. (Chart
13-5
and Appendix
2)
Directions:
Make up a quiz. Use the given word or phrase
+
ONE
of the suggested verbs in
parentheses. Hand your quiz to
a
classmate to complete. When she finishes it, correct the
answers.
Example:
apologize to
(
. . .
)
+

(interrupt, be, call)
Quiz item:
yo& shodd apologize to Tarik
-
fihterrkpt)
hiw.
OR
I
apologized to wy
&ehd
-
(be)
late.
OR
Rosa apologized to
we
-
[call)
a-Fter
wid~ight.
1.
thank
+
(open
I
help
I
invite)
2.
feel

+
(go
I
have
I
take)
3.
worry
+
(lose
1
not have
1
be)
4.
insist
+
(answer
I
drive
I
fly)
5.
believe
+
(help
I
tell
1
trust)

6.
be nervous
+
(speak
I
go
I
get)
7.
look forward
+
(do
I
stop
I
skydive)
8.
apologize to
(
. .
.
)
+
(sell
I
give
I
leave)
9.
forgive

(
. . .
)
+
(lie
I
take
I
quit)
10.
be excited
+
(go
1
hear
I
move)
13-6
USING BYAND WITHTO EXPRESS HOW SOMETHING
I
ISDONE
(a)
Pat turned off the tape recorder
by
pushing
By
+
a gerund
is used to express how something is
the stop button. done.

@)
Mary goes to work
by
bus.
By
or
with
followed by a noun is also used to express
Id
Andrea stirred her coffee
with
a
sooon.
how something is done.

BY
IS USED
FOR
MEANS
OF TRANSPORTATION
AND
COhlMUMCATION
by
(air)plane*
by
suhy" by mail by air
by boar
by
taxi by (te1e)phone by land
by&

by
wain by fax
by
sea
by car by fwr
(OR
on
foot)
by
e-mail
OTHERS
by
chance
bv
choice
by misrake
bv hand***
by
check
but
in cash)
bv
credit
card
-*
~-
WITH
IS USED
FOR
INSTRUMENTS

OR
PARTS
OF
THE
BODY
I
cut down the tree
wirh an ax
(by using an
ax).
I
swept the floor
with
a bmom.
She pointed to
a
spot on the map
with herjinger.
'airplane
=
American English;
aenpl~m
=
British English.
**by
wbcq
=
American
English;
by

undegmund,
by
rube
=
Bridsh English.
"*The
expression
by
hand
is
usually used
to
mean
rhat
something was made by a person, not hy a machine:
Thu
rug
uKlr
made
by
hand.
(A
person, not a machine, made
this
rug.)
COMPARE:
I
WUChPd
his
sh0UldBt.

w'th
tW
hd.
384
CHAPTER
13
EXERCISE
17.
BY
+
a
gerund.
(Chart
13-6)
Diremom:
Complete the following by using
by
+
a gerund. Use the words
in
the list or
your own words.
eat smile wag wave
drink
SW
wash Jwrite
mess take watch
1.
Students practice written English
bv

wiifiw
compositions.
2.
We clean our clothes
them
in
soap and water.
4
3.
Khalid improved his English a lot of
TV.
4.
We show other people we are happy
5.
We satisfy our hunger
something.
6.
We quench our thirst something.
7.
I
figured out what "quench" means
8.
Alex
caught my attention
his arms
in
the air.
9.
My
dog shows me she is happy

her tail.
10.
Carmen recovered from her cold
in bed and
care of herself.
Complete the following with your
own
words.
Use
by
and gerunds.
11.
You can destroy bacteria in meat
it.
12.
You can cook an egg
it,
it, or it.
13.
We can improve our English
14.
Each of us,
in
our own small way, can help conserve the world's natural resources
15.
You can favorably impress a job interviewer
16.
People can improve their health
17.
Parents can help their young children learn to read

18.
We can make the world a better place for future generations
Gerunds
and
lnflnltlves
385
0
EXERCISE
18.
Using
WITH. (Chart 13-6)
Directions:
Complete the sentences using
with
and appropriate words from the list.
Ja broom a pair
of
scissors a spoon
a hammer a saw a thermometer
a needle and thread
a shwel
1.
I swept the floor
wkth
a
bv00~
2.
I
sewed a button on my shirt
3.

1
cut the wood
4.
I
took my temperature
5.
I
stirred my coffee
6.
I
dug a hole in the ground
7.
I
nailed two pieces of wood together
8.
I cut the paper
EXERCISE 19.
Using
BY
or WITH. (Chart 13-6)
Directions:
Complete the sentences with
by
or
with.
1.
I
opened the door
wtth
a key.

2.
1
went to Cherryville
by
bus.
3.
I
dried the dishes
a dishtowel.
4.
I
went from Portland to San Francisco
train.
5.
Ted
drew
a straight line
a ruler.
6.
Is there any way you could touch the ceiling
your foot?
7.
Some advertisers try to reach target audiences
mail.
8.
Rebecca tightened the screw
in
the corner of her eyeglasses
her
fingernail.

9.
I
called
Bill
"Paul"
mistake.
10.
The fastest way to send a copy of a piece of paper halfway around the world is
fax.
11.
The chef sliced the partially frozen meat into
thin
strips
a
razor-sharp knife.
12.
Some people pay their bills
computer.
13.
Sally protected her eyes from the sun
her hand.
14.
My grandmother makes tablecloths
hand.
386
CHAPTER
13