outline for the second term test grade 11

OUTLINE FOR THE SECOND TERM TEST 11
Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of the others.
1. a. scatter
b. nature
c. danger
d. race
2. a. exactly
b. exist
c. exhaust
d. extinct
3. a. feature
b. species
c. weather
d. decrease
4. a. survive
b. prohibit
c. fertilizer
d. environment
5. a. decreased
b. influenced
c. endangered
d. established
6. a. danger
b. race
c. discharge
d. maintenance
7. a. supply
b. survive
c. industry
d. agriculture
8. a. scenic

b. extinct
c. decrease
d. coexist
9. a. danger
b. village
c. tiger
d. origin
10. a. supply
b. dirty
c. energy
d. happy
11. a. exhaust
b. source
c. enormous
d. cause
12. a. sun
b. solar
c. safe
d. sure
13. a. heat
b. great
c. release
d. reach
14. a. geothermal
b. power
c. solar
d. hydro
15. a. polluted
b. consume
c. nuclear

d. fuel
16. a. attract
b. aquatic
c. added
d. facility
17. a. athlete
b. appreciate
c. wrestling
d. freestyle
18. a. gather
b. athletics
c. enthusiasm
d. through
19. a. compete
b. sport
c. effort
d. introduce
20. a. attracted
b. added
c. competed
d. developed
21. a. admire
b. avid
c. variety
d. while
22. a. occupy
b. simply
c. accompany
d. hobby
23. a. practised

b. stamped
c. indulged
d. accomplished
24. a. collect
b. common
c. modest
d. accomplish
25. a. friends
b. tunes
c. clubs
d. stamps
26. a. engrave
b. pastime
c. undertake
d. spectator
27. a. popular
b. music
c. pursuit
d. solitude
28. a. sport
b. course
c. outdoor
d. world
29. a. leisure
b. pursue
c. simple
d. necessary
30. a. agreed
b. organised
c. based

d. listened
31. a. foot
b. moon
c. look
d. would
32. a. gravity
b. aspiration
c. biography d. possible
33. a. technical
b. conquest
c. psychology
d. launched
34. a. national
b. venture
c. fortunate
d. suggestion
35. a. support
b. shuttle
c. success
d. venture
VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
1. The ______ of old buildings should be taken into consideration.
a. preserve
b. preservation
c. preservative d. preserves
2. You have to be aware of the damage humans are doing to quicken the ______ of wildlife.
a. extinct
b. extinctive
c. extinctions
d. extinction

3. It is possible for local wildlife to coexist ______ industry.
a. to
b. of
c. in
d. with
4. The health of our children is being ______ by exhaust fumes.
a. danger
b. endanger c. dangerous d. endangered
5. The society was set up to ______ endangered species from extinction.


a. prevent
b. distinguish
c. preserve d. survive
6. Jean Fragonard was a French artist ______ portrait of children.
a. whose paintings b. who has painted c. who painted d. whose painted
7. Walkers can unwittingly damage the fragile environment ______.
a. that the birds live
b. where the birds live in
c. which live the birds
d. in which the birds live
8. The school has been given 20 computers, half of ______ are brand new.
a. that
b. those
c. them
d. which
9. In some countries environmental organizations have been ______ to inform people and gain
their support.
a. made up
b. set up

c. brought up
d. taken up
10. My English teacher, Mrs. Brookes, was someone ___ I had great respect.
a. that
b. whom
c. for who d. for whom
11. If coastal erosion continues to take place at the present rate, in another fifty years this beach
______ anymore.
a. doesn't exist
b. isn't going to exist
c. isn’t existing
d won't be existing
12. Since 1950 the world ______ nearly one-fifth of the top soil from its agricultural land and
one-fifth of its tropical forests.
a. was losing
b. is losing c. had been lost
d. has lost
13. A lack of cross-cultural awareness can result in misinterpretation, _____
a. that offense may cause
b. which may cause offense
c. those may cause offense
d. for which may cause offense
14. The amount of solar energy that reaches the earth depends ______ the atmosphere.
a. to
b. in
c. on
d. with
15. The natural environment consists ______ all natural resources.
a. in
b. of

c. to
d. on
16. All fossil fuels are ______ resources that cannot be replaced after use.
a. unlimited
b. renewable c. available d. non-renewable
17. Many newer cars have a much lower fuel ______.
a. consuming
b. consumer c. consummation d. consumption
18. Nellie Ross of Wyoming was the first woman ______ governor in the United States.
a. who elected b. to be elected c. was elected
d. her election as
19. The Massachusetts State House, ______ in 1798, was the most distinguished building in the
United States at that time.
a. completing
b. which was completed
c. was completed
d. to be completed
20. Lady Astor was the first woman ______ her seat in Parliament.
a. take
b. to take
c. taking
d. who takes
21. The world’s coal ______ should last longer but, once used, these cannot be renewed.
a. reserves
b. reservations
c. stores
d. storage
22. ______ energy sources include water and wind power.
a. Friendly environmental
b. Environmentally friendly

c. Friendly environment
d. Environmental friendly
23. The ______ of these toxic substances into the environment is potentially devastating.
a. delivery
b. release
c. distribution
d. research
24. Increased consumption will lead to faster ______ of our natural resources.
a. exhaust
b. exhausting
c. exhaustion d. exhaustive


25. ______ is produced from the heat stored in the earth's core.
a. Geothermal energy
b. Nuclear energy
c. Solar energy
d. Water energy
26. The Vietnamese participants always take part ______ sports events with great enthusiasm.
a. in
b. on
c. at
d. to
27. The World Cup is a football ______ which is open to all countries.
a. participation
b. involvement
c. occasion
d. competition
28. Scuba-diving and windsurfing are both aquatic sports.
a. field

b. water
c. combat
d. individual
29. There are believed ______ over 300 species of trees in El Yunque rain forest in Puerto Rico.
a. to be
b. being
c. they are
d. there are

30. The Cosmonaut Training Center at Star City, Russia was named ______ him.
a. of
b. on
c. for
d. after
31. Helen asked me ______ the film called 'Star Wars'.
a. have I seen
b. if I had seen c. have you seen d. if had I seen
32. Peter's score on the test is the highest in class; he ______ last night.
a. must study b. must have studied
c. studied
d. had studied
33. He speaks English as if he ______ a native English.
a. were
b. had been c. is
d. be
34. The football match was so dull that most of the _____ left at half-time.
a. attendants
b. audiences c. participants d. spectators
35. Experts _____ feel that they are related to the deep wishes and fears of the dreamer.
a. study dreams

b. who dream study
c. whose dream study
d. who study dreams
36. No one took part in the competition, _____?
a. did they
b. didn't they c. did he
d. didn't he
37. Bill Gate, ______ is the president of Microsoft Company, is a billionaire.
a. who
b. whose
c. whom
d. that
38. The most important thing is to keep yourself occupied.
a. busy
b. relaxed
c. comfortable
d. free
39. _____ who was elected the first woman mayor of Chicago in 1979.
a. It was Jane Byrne
b. Jane Byrne
c. Jane Byrne was
D. was Jane Byrne
40. It was in 1875 _____ joined the staff of the astronomical observatory at Harvard University.
a. that Anna Winlock
b. Anna Winlock, who
c. as Anna Winlock
d. Anna Winlock then
41. _____ that the capital of South Carolina was moved from Charleston to Columbia.
a. In 1790 was
b. There was in 1790

c. In 1790
d. It was in 1790
42. It was Mr. Harding _____ the bill to yesterday.
a. who sent my secretary
b. to whom my secretary sent
c. that my secretary sent
d. my secretary sent
43. Any stamps that were common I gave _____ to my friends.
a. up
b. back
c. away
d. out
44. The Masters, one of the most important of all golf tournaments, _____ every year in Augusta,
Georgia.
a. has held
b. being held c. is held
d. holding
45. The man _____ his car outside hasn't come back for it yet.
a. who left
b. who he left c. whom he left
d. whose
46. The first library _____ in the Nebraska Territory was built in Fort Atkinson in 1870.
a. to be established
b. was established


c. could established
d. establishing
47. Watching television is by far the most popular ______.
a. intensity

b. occupation c. recreation d. passion
48. Which one do you want? -I don't want ______.
a. both
b. neither
c. either
d. each
49. She has neither read 'the book ______ the film.
a. or seen
b. nor see
c. or see
d. nor seen
50. Thomas Eakins studied not only painting ______ anatomy when he was training to become an artist.
a. moreover
b. but also
c. as well
d. and
51. Endive can be used ______ as a salad green or as a cooking vegetable.
a. such
b. both
c. either
d. neither
52. Have you finished your work? - No, I haven't and ______.
a. she has not too
b. neither she has
c. she has either
d. neither has she.
53. I believe not only people are important to the world, ______.
a. nature is important, too
b. nature is important either
c. neither is nature important

d. but nature is important
54. Neither the teacher nor his students ______ pleased with the performance of the team.
a. was
b. were
c. has been
d. being
55. He can't hear and he can hardly speak ______.
a. either
b. neither
c. so
d. also

56. Neil Armstrong, an American ______, was the first man to step on the moon's surface.
a. scientist
b. cosmonaut
c. astronaut
d. astronomer
57. No one is better cook than his mother, ______?
a. is she
b. isn't she
c. are they
d. aren’t they
58. Do it right now, ______?
a. will you
b. shall you
c. do you
d. don't you
59. There are no easy ways to learn a foreign language, ______?
a. are they
b. are there

c. aren't they
d. aren't there
60. He seldom goes to the library, ______?
a. doesn’t he
b. is he
c. does he
d. isn’t he
CORRECTING MISTAKES
61. All the students in the class are enough good to pass the final exam.
A
B
C
D
62. A number of people still wants to apply for the position of accountant in
A
B
C
D
63. Her brother seems to be totally incapable in looking after himself.
A
B
C
D
64. The antique collector must be able to distinguish real antiques from
A
B
later imitations, which can be either reproductions nor fakes.
C
D
65. Pollution is a topic of such important today that even elementary

A
B
school children are well-informed about its danger.
C
D
66. Not only Laura's parents but also her husband think she should
A
B
return to school and finish her graduate degree.


C
D
67. A basic knowledge of social studies, such as history and geography,
A
B
are considered a basic part of the education of every child.
C
D
68. Nitrogen and oxygen are too important that most living organisms
A
B
C
cannot survive without these elements.
69. Mark's known for ages that his parents are coming to stay with us
A
B
this weekend, but it was only yesterday did he told me.
70. Cable television companies recently announced that it will increase
A

B
C
services charges next year.
71. Rattan, a close relative of bamboo, is often used to make tables, chairs,
A
B
C
and other furnitures.

72. Because much species of plants and animals in Hawaii ate threatened
A
B
with extinction within a short period of time, scientists are trying
C
D
73. Her many friends, among who I like to be considered, gave
A
B
C
her encouragement.
D
74. Among us students are many foreigners whose attend language classes
A
B
C
at the south campus.
B
75. Is it right that politicians should make important decisions without
A
B

consulting the public to who they are accountable?
C
D
WRITING
1. ______ he would have signed his name in the corner.
a. If he painted that picture
b. If he paints that picture
c. If he had painted that picture d. If he would have painted that picture
2. Workers are not allowed to use the office phone for personal calls.
a. They don't let workers use the office phone.
b. The office phone is supposed .to be used by workers only.
c. they don't allowed workers to make phone calls personally.
d. Workers are not permitted to use the office phone for personal purpose.
3. Although there was a lack of interest to begin with, the main reason why they postponed, the picnic
was the rain.
a. The picnic was put off because of the rain.
b. They held the picnic in spite of the rain.
c. They were extremely interested in having the picnic.
d. The picnic was held, but few people showed up.
4. 'If you don't apologize immediately, I'm leaving,' she told him.


a. She told him not to apologize immediately.
b. She asked him to apologize immediately as she was leaving.
c. She threatened to leave unless he apologized immediately.
d. She warned him not to apologize; otherwise, she was leaving
5. He didn't hurry so he missed the plane.
a. If he hurried he wouldn't miss the plane.
b. If he had hurried he might catch the plane.
c. He didn't miss the plane because he hurried.

d. If he had hurried he could have caught the plane.
6. It's ages since I last saw a Hollywood film.
a. I saw a last Hollywood film since ages ago.
b. I haven't seen a Hollywood film for a long time.
c. I haven't seen any Hollywood film before.
d. It's ages when I saw a last Hollywood film.
READING

A. Read the text carefully then choose the correct answers.
Since the world became industrialized, the number of animal species that have either become
extinct or have neared extinction has increased. Bengal tigers, for instance, which 'once roamed
the jungles in vast numbers, now number only about 2,300. By the year 2025, it is estimated that
they will become extinct.
What is alarming about the case of the Bengal tiger is that this extinction will have been
caused almost entirely by poachers who, according to some sources, are not always interested in
material gain but in personal gratification. This is an example of the callousness that is
contributing to the problem of extinction. Animals such as the Bengal tiger, as well as other
endangered species, are valuable parts of the world's ecosystem. International laws protecting
these animals must be enacted to ensure their survival - and the survival of our planet.
Countries around the world have begun to deal with the problem in various ways. Some
countries, in an effort to circumvent the problem, have allocated large amounts of land to animal
reserves. They then charge admission prices to help defray the costs of maintaining the parks,
and they often must also depend on world organizations for support. This money enables them
to invest in equipment and patrols to protect the animals. Another response to the increase in
animal extinction is an international boycott of products made from endangered species. This
has' had some effect, but by itself It will not prevent animals from being hunted and killed.
1. What is the main topic of the passage?
a. The Bengal tiger
b. International boycotts
c. Endangered species

d. Problems with industrialization
2. The word 'poachers' used in line 7 could be best replaced by which of the followings?
a. Illegal hunters
b. Enterprising researchers.
c. Concerned scientists
d. Trained hunters
3. What is an act of cruelty according to the passage?
a. Having interest in material gain.
b. Hunting endangered animals.
c. Killing animals for personal satisfaction.
d. Causing the problem of extinction. .
4. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a way to protect animals from
extinction?
a. Introduce laws to prohibit the killing of endangered animals.
b. Establish wildlife reserves.
c. Refuse to buy animal products.


d. Raise money to invest in equipment and patrol.
5. Which of the following best describes the author's attitude?
a. Forgiving
b. Surprised c. Vindictive d. Concerned
Choose the word - a, b, c or d - that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
Is there life on Mars? Many people have (1) _____ about this question. Some writers of
science-fiction think of people from Mars (2) _____ little green creatures. Others imagine
'Martians' as monsters with many eyes.
In studying this planet, astronomers have found that life may be possible on Mars. The first
(3) _____ of this is that Mars has seasons, just like Earth. In other words, Earth's seasons, such
as spring or summer, occur on Mars too. Because these seasons exist, it may be possible for (4)
_____ and other higher (5) _____ forms to be found on Mars.

Astronomers also think that perhaps a small (6) _____ of water vapor could be found on
Mars. In 1887, an Italian astronomer, Giovanni Schiaparelli, discovered markings on Mars'
surface. These markings looked like canals. This finding (7) _____ astronomers to believe that
since water exists on Mars, life forms could exist as well.
However, there are (8) _____ who feel that life on mars is not possible. This is because
there is little or no (9) _____ of oxygen on the planet. In 1965, the Mariner IV capsule managed
to take photographs of the planet. It discovered that the only forms of life found are vegetation
like fungi and mosses. (10) _____, people remain fascinated by the idea that there could one day
be life on Mars.
1. a. puzzled
b. asked
c. wondered
d. confused
2. a. like
b. to be
c. as being
d. as
3. a. indication
b. print
c. mark
d. trace
4. a. vegetables
b. vegetation c. vegetarian
d. veterinary
5. a. lively
b. living
c. live
d. life
6. a. quantity
b. amount

c. portion
d. mass
7. a. got
b. took
c. led
d. brought
8. a. others
b. another
c. other
d. some other
9. a. mark
b. speck
c. trace
d. bit
10. a. According
b. Nevertheless
c. Thus
d. Consequently
A. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
FUN AND GAMES
Do you think computer games is just for kids? Then you should think again. You might be (1)
______ to learn that the game industry now (2) ______ more money than Hollywood. (3) ______ a
family buys a new PC, all they really want to do is to play games.
It is hardly surprising that video gaming has (4) ______ one of the most popular (5) ______ of
entertainment today. A good game is like a good film; it will hold your (6) ______, capture your
imagination and play with your emotions.
The big (7) ______, however, is that watching a movie is a passive (8) ______. You have no say in
how the plot (9) ______ or which characters dominate the story. With computer games, you direct the
(10) ______ and that is what makes them so exciting. Finding the (11) ______ game is likely to signal
the beginning of a lasting love (12) ______ with the interactive (13) ______ of make-believe.

It is (14) ______ to think of gaming as something simply for children and teenagers. In fact, the
(15) ______ growth area of the market is the 25-35 age group.
1. a. concerned
b. admired
c. startled
d. surprised
2. a. has
b. makes
c. does
d. gains
3. a. As soon as
b. as well as c. As far as
d. As long as
4. a. begun
b. grown
c. become
d. sounded
5. a. makes
b. branches c. shapes
d. forms


6. a. gaze
b. attention
c. breath
d. control
7. a. gap
b. variety
c. difference d. direction
8. a. pastime

b. task
c. routine
d. employment
9. a. becomes
b. produces c. turns
d. develops
10. a. movement
b. change
c. action
d. performance
11. a. accurate
b. right
c. complete d. proper
12. a. affair
b. story
c. secret
d. match
13. a. region
b. area
c. society
d. world
14. a. immoral
b. wrong
c. false
d. dishonest
15. a. longest
b. widest
c. biggest
d. deepest
Choose the word or phrase -a, b, c or d - that best fits the blank space in the following passage.

The (1) _____ of book knowledge is one part of school education but this kind of learning can be
and often is carried to (2) _____ in many countries so that no time for other interests IS (3) _____ to
young people. Not only must they attend school (4) _____ five-hour periods on six days of the week,
studying possibly as many as thirteen different subjects, but in addition they may even go to afternoon
institutes for (5) _____ instruction. They have almost no chance of taking (6) _____ any of their own
hobbies or becoming familiar with the plants and (7) _____ life of the countryside except during their
summer holidays. Early youth should be a time of exploration and adventure, of reading books for (8)
_____ as well as study, of freedom to enjoy life before the responsibilities of working for a living and
(9) _____ a family (10) _____ an end to study, to freedom and only too often to carefree enjoyment.
1. a. gathering
b. collection
c. obtaining
d. accumulation
2. a. extremity
b. excess
c. limits
d. boundary
3. a. available
b. provided
c. devoted
d. reserved
4. a. during
b. for
c. throughout d. in
5. a. farther
b. additional
c. extra
d. further
6. a. on
b. up

c. back
d. over
7. a. untamed
b. original
c. wild
d. natural
8. a. pleasure
b. amusement
c. joy
d. entertainment
9. a. creating
b. bringing
c. building
d. raising
10. a. hold
b. put
c. indicate
d. mark
Read the text carefully, then choose the correct answer.
Hobbies are practiced for interest and enjoyment, rather than financial reward. Examples include
collecting, creative and artistic pursuits, making, tinkering, sports and adult education. Engaging in a
hobby can lead to acquiring substantial skill, knowledge, and experience. However, personal fulfillment
is the aim.
What are hobbies for some people are professions for others: a game tester may enjoy cooking as a
hobby, while a professional chef might enjoy playing (and helping to debug) computer games. Generally
speaking, the person who does something for fun, not remuneration, is called an amateur (or hobbyist),
as distinct from professional.
An important determinant of what is considered a hobby, as distinct from a profession (beyond the
lack of remuneration), is probably how easy it is to make a living at the activity. Almost no one can
make a living at cigarette card or stamp collecting, but many people find it enjoyable; so it is commonly

regarded as a hobby.
Amateur astronomers often make meaningful contributions to the professionals. It is -not entirely
uncommon for a hobbyist to be the first to discover a celestial body or event.
In the UK, the pejorative noun anorak (similar to the Japanese 'otaku' meaning a geek or enthusiast)
is often applied to people who obsessively pursue a particular hobby that is considered boring, such as
train spotting or stamp collecting.
1. Which of the following is not true?
a. Hobbies make people feel relaxed and satisfied.
b. Hobbies can give people knowledge and experience.
c. Hobbies are mainly practised for profit.


d. Hobbies are recreational activities.
2. According to the passage, a hobbyist ________.
a. is usually paid for his hobbies b. may enjoy his work as a hobby
c. indulges in many hobbies
d. is distinguished from a professional
3. Stamp collecting is commonly regarded as a hobby because
a. people can make a living at it
b. people find it enjoyable
c. people find it profitable
d. people find it easy to pursue
4. Which of the following is not called 'celestial bodies'?
a. the Galaxy
b. planet
c. stars
d. the sun
5. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
a. people who are very interested in boring hobbies are criticized.
b. stamp collecting is not popular nowadays.

c. the word 'anorak' is derived from Japanese.
d. a & b are correct.
A. Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer.
ASIAN GAMES
The Asian Games, also called the Asiad, is a multi-sport event held every four years among athletes
from all over Asia. The games are regulated by the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) under the
supervision of the International Olympic Committee (IOC). Medals are awarded in each event, with gold
for first place, silver for second and bronze for third, a tradition which started in 1951. The Asian Games
are dominated by the People's Republic of China.
Competitors are entered by a National Olympic Committee (NOC) to represent their country of
citizenship. National anthems and flags accompany the medal ceremonies, and tables showing the
number of medals won by each country are widely used. In general only recognized nations are
represented, but a few no sovereign countries are allowed to take part. The special case of Taiwan was
handled by having it compete as Chinese Taipei, due to the political status of Taiwan.
The 15th Asian Games were held in Doha, Qatar from December 1 to
December 15, 2006. The 16th Asian Games will be held in Guangzhou, China in 2010.
1. Which of the following is true?
a. The Asian Games are held every year.
b. The International Olympic Committee is the founder of the Asiad.
c. The first gold medals were given to, the winning athletes in 1951.
d. The Olympic Council of Asia organizes the Games.
2. The People's Republic of China _______.
a. is the strongest in the Asian Games
b. is the host of the Asian Games
c. is not allowed to take part in the Games
d. refuse to enter the Games
3. In the medal ceremonies _______.
a. the competitors are entered to represent their country of citizenship.
b. national anthems are played
c. the number of medals won by each country is first announced

d. the winners are given a string of 'flowers
4. Which of the following is not true of the right to participate in the Asian Games?
a. Only recognized nations are allowed to take part.
b. Almost every nation can take part in the Games.
c. Non-sovereign countries are also allowed to participate.
d. All are correct.
5. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
a. Qata was the host country in the 15th Asian Games.
b. The 16th Asian Games will take place in China.
c. Taiwan was not allowed to take part in the 15th Asian Games because of its political status.


d. During the Asian Games, athletes from all over Asia come together. to compete.
Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
The 15th Asian Games (1) _____ from December 1 through December 15, 2006, in Doha, Capital of
Qatar. More than 10,000 athletes, who (2) _____ 45 countries and regions, took part in 39 sports and
424 events of the Games, the most important event in Asia. Some new events such as chess and triathlon
were also (3) _____ in the Games.
The 15th Asian Games was organized at 34 sporting (4) _____, including Khalifa Stadium, which
(5) _____ the opening and closing ceremonies. The Opening Ceremony of the 15 th Asian Games, Doha
2006, at Khalifa Stadium, was the most (6) _____ opening of any Games with 50,000 people to get into
Khalifa Stadium and more than one billion television (7) _____ The Doha Asian Games Organizing
Committee (DAGOC) wanted to ensure that everybody who saw the ceremony would have a memory
for life as suggested in the (8) _____ "The Games of Your Life." The 151h Asian Games was a
successful sporting event that all (9) _____ would never forget. Everyone is looking forward (10) _____
the 16th Asian Games, which will be held in Guangzhou, China, from November 2 to November 18,
2010.
1. a. set up
b. took part
c. brought about

d. took place
2. a. symbolized
b. represented
c. expressed
d. typified
3. a. included
b. contained
c. competed
d. consisted
4. a. events
b. facilities
c. venues
d. teams
5. a. held
b. occurred
c. took
d. hosted
6. a. colorful
b. formal
c. spectacular
d. elaborate
7. a. viewers
b. observers
c. partners
d. spectators
8. a. portrait
b. banner
c. streamer
d. slogan
9. a. attenders

b. attendees
c. attendants
d. attendances
10. a. for
b. in
c. to
d. into

A. Read the text below and decide which answer - a, b, c or d - best fits each space.
Although they are safe to use in the short term, coal, gas and oil present a long-term (1)
______ to the environment. All three types of fossil fuels produce carbon dioxide in (2) ______
greater .quantities than plants can use. The carbon dioxide then (3) ______ in the atmosphere
and may even increase the earth's 'heat load' and lead to global (4) _____ in temperature.
Furthermore, all three fossil 'fuels are (5) ______ forms of energy. Geothermal power is (6)
______ ever to be an energy source of major importance. It is limited and is exploitable in only
a few places. Hydro-power offers a much more useful source of energy. It is also renewable but
its (7) ______ is limited. Dams cannot be built in certain areas. In addition, large dams are also
(8) ______ of causing changes in the world's climate. Wind power is a (9) ______ source of
renewable energy but it cannot be used in many parts of the world where there is (10) ______
wind. Wave power is better source of energy in certain ways but it is clearly not practicable to
build (11) ______ across every river estuary or to cover seas with expensive equipment. It is
also ineffective where the sea is usually calm. Solar power is renewable, it does not cause
pollution and it does not add to the earth's heat (12) ______. Unfortunately, solar power is not
distributed equally, and in the northern latitudes it is difficult to (13) ______ and store. Solar
power' also requires expensive equipment. Finally, nuclear power provides a very (14) ______
and renewable power source. However, not only is there a great danger of leaks or accidents but
there is also the problem of the (15) ______ of radioactive waste.
1. a. warning
b. fight
c. threat

d. demand
2. a. more
b. far
c. very
d. every
3. a. accumulates
b. disperses
c. discharges
d. releases
4. a. raise
b. change
c. drop
d. rise
5. a. renewed
b. non-renewed
c. renewable
d. non-renewable
6. a. mostly
b. unlikely
c. highly
d. mainly


7. a. availability
8. a. consisting
9. a. power-free
10. a. inefficient
11. a. harbors
12. a. loss
13. a. collect

14. a. potential
15. a. supply

b. alternatively
b. composed
b. limit-free
b. insufficient
b. banks
b. exhaustion
b. save
b. efficient
b. solution

c. consumption
c. capable
c. problem-free
c. unlimited
c. dams
c. dispersion
c. gain
c. convenient
c. disposal

d. development
d. typical
d. pollution-free
d. nonexistent
d. systems
d. load
d. pick

d. dangerous
d. influence