CÂU GIÁN TIẾP - REPORTED SPEECH doc

He says he knows my brother (Reported
Speech - Who Or That - Complex
Sentences - At , As, For & In)
1. CÂU GIÁN TIẾP - REPORTED SPEECH
Ta dùng says khi nói về ngôi thứ ba số ít.
Michelle says she doesn’t eat meat.
ANNE
Steve says he knows my brother.
Ngôi thứ nhất là I hoặc we.
Dùng say với ngôi thứ nhất.
I say that meat is good for you.
We say that you should eat healthy foods.
Cũng dùng say với ngôi thứ hai, you.
You say that English is difficult.
Ngôi thứ ba là bất cứ ai hay cái gì khác. Dùng says với ngôi thứ
ba số ít.
She says that she’s sick.
He says that he can’t do it.
The doctor says to get some rest.
ANNE
He says David’s working at the Market.
Không chỉ dùng say hay says với nghĩa là nói.
Ta cũng dùng nó với nghĩa là viết.
The newspaper says that there was a terrible accident.
It says that the train leaves soon.
Nhưng khi ngôi thứ ba là số nhiều, ta dùng say:
The newspapers say that there was a terrible accident.
They say that things are getting better.
The doctors say that smoking is bad for you.
Nếu ta đặt câu hỏi, ta dùng say.
What does the newspaper say?

What does she say?
What does it say?
What do you say?
What did I say?
What did we say?
Quá khứ của say là said.
Dùng said với ngôi thứ nhất, thứ hai và thứ ba.
I said it would be easy.
He said that he was tired.
You said that you would help.
The newspapers said that the war was over.
Ta dùng thinks hay think tương tự với cách dùng says hay say

I think I understand.
She thinks meat is bad for you.
ANNE
My brother sells fruit for a living!
SARAH
Steve, are you sure?
STEVE
Yes. Anne thinks she saw him.
2. WHO OR THAT
Ta hầu như dùng who khi nói về người và luôn dùng that nếu nói
về vật.
I don’t like cars that are noisy.
I don’t like people who are noisy.
I like children who laugh.
Bạn có thể nói:
I don’t like people that are noisy.
I like children that laugh.

Nhưng với vật ta luôn dùng that.
I don’t like cars that are noisy.
I like houses that are old.
STEVE
This is the man who works at the stall where I buy fruit.
3. CÂU PHỨC - COMPLEX SENTENCES
Các từ như who, that và where được dùng để tạo câu phức.
Chúng nối thông tin như sau.
This is the house.
I live there.
We can link these sentences with the word where.
This is the house where I live.
STEVE
This is the man who works at the stall where I buy fruit.
Ta cũng có thể nối nhiều thông tin hơn với who.
This is the man.
He owns the house.
I live there.
This is the man who owns the house where I live.
STEVE
This is the man who works at the stall where I buy fruit.
4. AT, AS, FOR & IN
Hầu hết ta dùng at cho một nơi làm việc cụ thể.
David works at the market.
I work at the local TV station.
ANNE
I can’t believe it. David, working at the Market.
Trong hầu hết các trường hợp ta dùng in cho loại việc thông
thường.
I work in the media.

Anne works in the wine industry.
David works in retail.
Ta dùng for để nói về các tổ chức bạn đang giúp đỡ với công
việc của mình.
He works for a bank.
I work for the government.
Anne works for an export business.
Ta dùng as để nói tên công việc.
I work as a writer.
David works as a greengrocer.
Anne works as a wine importer.