ĐỀ THI TOEFL Ở TRƯỜNG CD CÔNG NGHỆ THÔNG TIN doc

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0508 
SECTION I
PART A
1.
(A) He is not sure where the student-service’ office is.
(B) He recently got a new student ID card.
(C) He is too busy to go to the student-services office now.
(D) He plans to get his new student ID card on Monday.

2.
(A) She lost the man's calculator.
(B) She will lend the man her calculator.
(C) The calculator may be under the man's book.
(D) The man will not have time to find the calculator.

3.
(A) He wanted to be an artist.
(B) He is not qualified to judge the painting.
(C) The painting is not finished yet.
(D) He will find a fine arts major for the woman.

4.
(A) She does not know where the student center is.
(B) She does not need a flu shot this year.
(C) Flu shots will not be free this year.
(D) She would like to get a free flu shot next week.

5.
(A) He will be studying tomorrow.

(B) He will see the game at night.
(C) He does riot like baseball.
(D) He has a ticket for the game.

6.
(A) She is not sure if she can attend the meeting.
(B) She will be out of town until Friday.
(C) She has been planning to go to the meeting.
(D) She cannot change her schedule for Friday.

7.
(A) He will help the woman move.
(B) The woman needs to accept her current situation.
(C) The woman can move in the middle of the semester.
(D) The woman is already living in the best dorm.
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8.
(A) She will help me man look for the book:.
(B) She knows where the man's book is.
(C) She will return the book to the man later.
(D) She saw someone walk away with the man's book.

9.
(A) Lend the woman money
(B) Get the woman's purse
(C) Invite the woman to lunch next week
(D) Pay for the woman's lunch

10.
(A) Ask the man to help her figure out how to' use her new computer
(B) Let the man use her computer
(C) Take her computer to a repair shop
(D) Help the man fix his Computer

11.
(A) He always exercises on Wednesdays.
(B) He would like to play tennis with the woman this week.
(C) He thinks the woman plays tennis as well as he does.
(D) He always plays tennis with the same person.

12.
(A) Professor Miller is not teaching in this semester.
(B) Professor Miller teaches anthropology. • ;
(C) The man should take a different biology course,
(D) The man is looking in the wrong part of the catalog.

13.
(A) He will do it before he begins his other work.
(B) He will submit it on Thursday.
(C) He has already finished it.
(D) He is allowed to complete it later.

14.
(A) She forgot about the sale books.
(B) She thinks the man should get a second job.
(C) She wants the man to move the sale books.
(D) She has changed her mind about the textbooks.

15.
(A) She does not agree that it is a stressful time.
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(B) She does not feel as calm as she seems.
(C) She admires the man's calmness.
(D) She will help the man to deal with his stress.

16.
(A) He would like to take a break.
(B) He thinks the library will close soon.
(C) He does not want to stop working.
(D) He does not like coffee.

17.
(A) When he is coming to visit
(B) Why he was not as friendly as
(C) Why he did not feel well
(D) What he was trying to tell her on the phone

18.
(A) Mary is not going to the
(B) Mary does not know about the concert.
(C) The man should call Mary.
(D) The man should go to the concert without Mary.

19.
(A) The woman was surprised by the topic of Professor Black's lecture.
(B) The man was out able to attend Professor Black' s lecture.

(C) Professor Black missed class today.
(D) Professor Black gives challenging lectures.

20.
(A) He does not have time to help the woman.
(B) He is not sure whether he can help the woman.
(C) He can help the woman after three o'clock.
(D) He will help the woman.

21.
(A) Become a photography instructor
(B) Return to her old photography class
(C) Try a class at the new studio
(D) Look for a less expensive class

22.
(A) It is hard to read.
(B) Some of the answers are wrong.
(C) The professor requires that it be typed.
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(D) It was not completed on time.

23.
(A) Continue working on her paper
(B) Go out for coffee
(C) Ask the man to bring her coffee
(D) Prepare a pot of coffee for the

24.
(A) Phone the company to ask about the job
(B) Buy a new answering machine
(C) Wait for the company to call him
(D) Assume that he did not get the job

25.
(A) Jim might not have been
(B) Jim often changes his mind,
(C) Jim was just joking about
(D) Jim rarely tells jokes.

26.
(A) It will take a few days for the fan to be repaired.
(B) Air conditioners will be installed on Saturday.
(C) Using the oven made the apartment hotter.
(D) The weather will cool off soon.

27.
(A) She is not sure how long it takes to knit a sweater.
(B) She will make a sweater for the man,
(C) The wool she uses for her sweaters has gotten very expensive.
(D) Her academic schedule does not allow time for knitting.

28.
(A) Tell the woman what time the bus will come
(B) Change his class schedule
(C) Go downtown with the
(D) Give the woman his history book
29.

(A) She plans to attend the meeting.
(B) She thinks the meeting time will be fine for everyone.
(C) She enjoys going to basketball games:
(D) She set up the study group meeting time.


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30.
(A) He read an article about Professor Monroe's research.
(B) He does not know Professor Monroe
(C) Professor Monroe probably will talk to the woman.
(D) Professor Monroe does not like giving interviews.

PART B
31.
(A) Inorganic chemistry
(B) Genetics
(C) Mathematics
(D) Anthropology

32.
(A) He is waiting to hear about the woman's research.
(B) He is more interested in DNA found in frogs.
(C) He is just twinning 10 gather the data.
(D) He avoids controversial research topics.

33.
(A) They attack and destroy other molecules.

(B) They do not reproduce under ordinary conditions.
(C) They do not contribute to the organism that supports them.
(D) They carry the blueprints only for complex organisms.

34.
(A) A swimming competition
(B) A singing contest
(C) The water temperature at the beach
(D) The woman's schedule this semester

35.
(A) They have won for the past three years.
(B) They placed second last year.
(C) They practiced for three months prior to the competition.
(D) She ihought they did not perform well.

36.
(A) Studying in the library
(B) Practicing his singing
(C) Walking on the iieach
(D)Swimming in the ocean


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37.
(A) She spent many hours on a bus.
(B) She was too busy to enjoy the beach.
(C) She had plenty of time to study.

(D) She did not have time to watch the competition.

38.
(A) Enter a singing competition
(B) Add new members
(C) Organize a graduation party
(D) Take a trip to the beach

PART C
39.
(A) Musicians of the early twentieth Century
(B) Early vaudeville theaters in Europe
(C) The development of American silent films
(D) The history of vaudeville entertainment

40.
(A) Their scripts were written by famous playwright*.
(B) They featured a variety of
(C) They did not include music.
(D) They were usually performed outdoors.

41.
(A) To acquaint audiences with a European art form
(B) To increase attendance at the vaudeville theaters
(C) To introduce new actors to the audience
(D) To enable vaudeville theaters to raise ticket prices

42.
(A) It was performed more frequently.
(B) It featured actors from films.

(C) It became less popular,
(D) It was first accepted as serious

43.
(A) One factor that affects the Earth's climate
(B) The professor's experience analyzing types of dust
(C) How to estimate temperature the ice ages
(D) The use of technological advances in studying climate


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44.
(A) To find ways of improving aircraft safety in storms
(B) To discover new species of bacteria
(C) To find out whether dust contains dangerous substances
(D) To determine what types of dust are present under different conditions

45.
(A) To explain why collecting dust is difficult
(B) To illustrate the damage that dust can cause
(C) To show how different types of dust affect the weather in different ways
(D) To give an example of how dust in the atmosphere is reduced

46.
(A) Whether dust caused the last ice age
(B) Whether the overall effect of dust is heating or cooling
(C) How high temperatures affect the amount of dust in the
(D) How cold the planet was daring the lie ages

47.
(A) Reasons the Mycenaeans never became successful sea traders
(B) The development and decline of Minoan and Mycenaean sea trade
(C) The influence of the Mycenaeans on the Minoans
(D) Causes of conflict between the Minoans and Mycenaeans

48.
(A)They existed long before the Minoans began to trade by sea.
(B) They produced great wealth for the Minoans.
(C) They were established by the Mycenaeans.
(D) They were frequently attacked by the Mycenaeans.

49.
(A) It ended the dominance of the Minoans.
(B) It resulted in increased sales of farm goods by [he Minoans.
(C) It was not serious enough to affect Sea trade.
(D) It interrupted the Mycenaean production of bronze objects.
50.
(A) The decline of their harbors
(B) Natural disasters that destroyed their crops
(C) An increase in trade by the Minoans
(D) Politician unrest that interfered with trade.




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SECTION II
PART A

1. Drinking water excessive enamel of teeth to become brittle and to chip off, leaving a stained
or mottled effect.
(A) containing
(B) in which containing
(C) contains
(D) that is contained

2. Carbohydrates, of the three principal constituents of food, form the bulk of the average
human diet
(A) are one
(B) one [hat
(C) one
(D) which one

3. the eye, a camera takes in rays of light thai are reflected from an object and focuses the rays
into an image.
(A) Alike
(B) As like
(C) Is like
(D) Like

4. Great pain and swelling characterize both sprains and fractures, but he affected part and
unnatural ting often indicate a bone break. inability lo move
(A) inability to move
(B) they were unable to move
(C) unable to move
(D) when inability to move

5. The human skin forms against the action of physical, chemical, and bacterial agents on the
deeper tissues.
(A) a protective barrier is
(B) a protective barrier
(C) a barrier and protective
(D) when a protective barrier

6. The technique of frying food has prepare n^eats, fish, vegetables, and breads.
(A) to have most cultures
(B) that in most cultures
(C) in cultures when
(D) in most cultures


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7. Music has been called both the most mathematical the most abstract of the arts.
(A) but
(B) and
(C) however
(D) or

8. Roots of plants lend to grow downward into soil, unless —-— more readily available at the
surface.
(A) have water
(B) water has
(C) is water
(D) water is

9. United States income taxes are paid to the Internal Revenue Service, funds for use by the
government.
(A) which distributes
(B) and distributes
(C) the distribution of
(D) so that the distribution of

10. Robert Penn Warren's first novel was published in 1939, and seven years later, his third novel,
All the King's Men, made —-— famous.
(A) he was
(B) him
(C) his
(D) how he was

11. Although legend has it that the Pilgrims first set foot in America on Plymouth Rock in 1620,
documentary evidence confirming
(A) no
(B) still is no
(C) there is no
(D) but no

12. The gardenia, about 200 species —to tropical and subtropical countries, was named in honor
of eighteenth-century naturalist Alexander Garden.
(A) native of which are
(B) are nalive of which
(C) which are native of
(D) of which are native

13- High-speed photography has made certain aspects of motion never before seen.
(A) visible

(B) they are visible
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(C) visibly
(D) it visible

14. Nitroglycerin is an unstable chemical compound that is very sensitive sudden movement
dangerous to transport
(A) because
(B) and therefore
(C) why it is
(D) making

15. A computer is a fast electronic machine information according to a stored sequence of
instructions called a program.
(A) processes
(B) that processes
(C) that it processes
(D) thai processes it

PART B

16. Lucy Motile Montgomery, a Canadian novelist, is
best of known for Anne of Green Gables, the
story of a spirited, unconventional orphan girl.

17.
Every magnet has two ends, called north and south poles, where the forces it exert are strongest

18.
Approximate 92 percent of the world's trading goods are transported by ships.

19. Rapid eye movement sleep is
sometimes called paradoxical sleep because it has characteristics
of
either the waking and sleeping states.

20.
With the exception of gold, silver is most malleable and ductile of all metals.

21.
The fact that mothers in some species of animals reaction immediately if they are missing one
or more of their litter demonstrates a sense of
number.

22.
Approximately four percent of human body weigh is made up of fat in me organs, skeletal
muscles, and
central nervous system.

23. By about seven years of age,
children begin to grasp that a given quantity remains the same not
matter how
its shape changes.

24. Sleek and
powerful swimmers found to all seas, dolphins are distinguished from porpoises by
well-defined, beaklike snouts and conical teeth.

25. Stereo
recording began with the introductory of two-track magnetic tape in the 1950s
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26. The cerebral cortex, the
outer layer of the brain, is where most memory storage, cognitive skills,
and creative
think reside.

27. The
physical universe is governed by law that demand the continuous increase of entropy or
disorder.

28. Metonymy is a literary device
involving the substitution of the name of one thing with that of
other thing with which it is closely associated.

29. The 1906 Hepburn Act
gave the United Stales Interstate Commerce Commission power to
investigated financial accounts of interstate utilities and to set rates, subject to judicial review.

30.
Although Republican Dwight Eisenhower won the United Slates presidency in 1952 and 1956,
the Democrats ran Congress for six
of his eight years into office.

31. Substance
such common salt, when dissolved in water, lower the freezing point of water

32.
Some advantages of celluloid ate that it is inexpensive and durable, takes a highly polish, does
not warp or discolor, and is not affected
by moisture •

33. The pitch of a
musical note—how much high or low the sound is depends on its wavelength.

34. Two good ways to prevent attacks of hay fever are to effect
a change of climate also to
eliminate
harmful substances from the environment.

35.
In filmmaking a flashback is an interruption of the actual chronology of a story to relate a
significant event
of a earlier time.

36.
The bottom end of a guitar string is attached to a hardwood bridge, which transmitting the
vibration
to the top plate.

37. Missouri is a
heavily industrialized state whose leading products are transportation equipment,
processed food, and
chemical.

38. Seamounts are

isolated submarine mountains believed to be the remnants of extinct volcanoes
that
either formed or sank far beneath of the ocean surface.

39. Transfusion of plasma or whole blood
increases the volume of circulating blood, raising blood
pressure and ensuring
adequate distribution of oxygenated blood among the body.

40. The national debt is the
sum total of financial obligations the national government incurs by
borrow from foreign governments, international institutions, or its own population.
SECTION III
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Questions 1-10
Unlike those available for painting, the opportunities to exhibit sculpture in the
United-States around the turn of the twentieth century were quite scarce. There was almost
no room for sculpture at the influential Fine Arts Society's 57th Street Gallerie
s
romoted public

ed in its national

ulptors,

Line in New York. As late as 1905, the Monumental News, a journal dedicated to the
5 promotion of sculpture, lamented, "Exhibitions of sculptors' works are so comparatively
rare." In response to this dire predicament, (he sculptor Frederick W. Ruckstull and
Charles de Kay, art editor of the newspaper The New York Times, founded the National
Sculpture Society (NSS) in 1893, the first organization dedicated solely to the
advancement of sculpture.
10 Incorporated in 1896 to promote sculptural production and encourage the exhibition and
sale of the plastic arts, the National Sculpture Society (NSS) elected John Quincy Adams
Ward (1830-1910), the prestigious sculptor of public monuments, to serve as its first
president, an office he held from 1893 to 1905. During the last twenty years of his life,
ward dedicated much time to public and private organizations that p
15 art. To the end, he headed the NSS committee that oversaw the sculptural decoration of the
Library of Congress Reading Room in Washington D.C. as well as the building and
decorating of the Dewey Arch—a monument in New York to honor Admiral George
Dewey. He was a champion of the City Beautiful Movement— an effort to increase the
presence of urban art—and defended the central role that sculpture play
20 program.
The National Sculpture Society promoted the production of sculpture by standardizing
procedures for competitions, enhancing the professional status of sculptors, and
encouraging commissions for American sculpture in homes, public buildings, parks, and
squares. Moreover, ii included members in its organization who were not sc
25 hoping to close the gap between artists and the great body of the people, not merely
well-to-do patrons, bui the working public. The NSS encouraged the commission and

purchase of sculptures for both private consumption—home and garden—and for public
enjoyment—parks and squares. Through this campaign, small-scale sculptures—either
reductions of monumental artworks or smaller-sized originals—were brought to the attention
of an interested public.

1. What does the passage mainly discuss
(A) The establishment and goals of the National Sculpture Society
(B) Why artists of the twentieth century wanted to jojn the National Sculpture Society
(C) The effects of the National Sculpture Society on twentieth-century art
(D) The relationship between the National Sculpture Society and national arts groups
2. The word "scarce" in line 2 is closest in meaning to
(A) exciting
(B) expensive
(C) uncommon
(D) popular
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3. The word "lamented" in line 5 is closest in meaning to
(A) declared
(B) complained
(C) revealed
(D) described

4. What is (he "dire predicament" mentioned by the author in line 6 ?
(A) The limited professional opportunities for sculptors
(B) The failure of the Fine Arts Society to include paintings in its exhibitions
(C) The founding of the National Sculpture Society
(D) The production of the Monumental News
5. The passage suggests which of the following about early-twentielh-century art?
(A) Many New Yorkers were not interested in painting.
(B) Newspapers and journals rarely discussed painting
(C) People saw more public displays of painting than of sculpture
(D) An appearance in galleries of the Fine Arts Society guaranteed financial success.
6. According to the passage, who was the first president of the National Sculpture Society?
(A) Frederick W. Rucksmll
(B) John Quincy Adams Ward
(C) Charles de Kay
(D) Admire! George Dewey
7. The phrase "that end" in line 15 refers to
(A) the last twenty years of his life
(B) much time
(C) promoting public ar
(D) the NSS committee
8. The word "champion" in line 18 is closest in meaning to
(A) critic
(B) founder
(C) creator
(D) supporter
9. According to the passage, what was a goal of the City Beautiful Movement?
(A) To increase national sales of Sculpture
(B) To encourage sculptors to create more monuments
(C) To improve to appearance of the city with art
(D) To convince more sculptors to work in New York

10. According to the passage, the National Sculpture Society promoted the production of
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sculpture by doing which of the following?




ago's
and savings.
formers,
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(A) Carrying oui activities that increased the public's respect for sculptors
(B) Replacing old sculptures in public places with new ones
(C) Increasing the number of sculptural competitions
(D) Encouraging private sculpture lessons in homes

Questions 11-20
In the United States, many social reformers in the late nineteenth century demonstrated
a concern for improved housing conditions for workers, George Pullman (1831-1897), the

wealthy industrialist who introduced luxury railway cars with beds, built his model tine
city called Pullman in 1880 to address housing problems caused by Chic
5 industrialization. Constructing the town, Pullman hoped to produce an ideal environment
that would help attract workers of a superior type to [he railway car industry and retain them.
Pullman inhabitants were expected to embody values of thrift, industry, and morality.
They were taught to develop propriety and good manners, cleanliness and neatness of
appearance, diligence, and self-improvement through education
10 Like the brick clock tower that dominated [he town center, Pullman kept a regulatory eye
on his workers.
In its first five yean, this new experiment in industrial life received little criticism,
except from radical political groups. Crediting the town of Pullman with producing a new
type of dependable and ambitious worker in a rationally ordered environment, re
15 at first, praised it as a successful model for modern industrial life. However, after 1885, with
the high gloss of the experiment dulled, it became clear that the residents of Pullman had
honest grievances about the overcharging of rent and other services
In 1893, The World's Columbian Exposition, an exhibition that aimed to promote
American cultural, economical, and technological development, and in which George
20 Pullman was a major investor, was held in Chicago. The town of Pullman became a popular
tourist stop, attracting more than its share of curious travelers. There were 10,000 foreign
viators-alone during the exposition year. In fact, the first Baedeker Travel Guide to the
United States advised visitors to tour Pullman. Frequent trains and trolley cars connected
the fairgrounds of the exposition with the town, and on several occasions,
25 George Pullman himself guided the tours. Constructing a fantastic environment for the
benefit of tourists, he made sure that any real tensions between bis office and the working
inhabitants of the town were rendered invisible to the tourist gaze
11. What does the passage mainly discuss
(A) The effect of industrialization on Ihe city of Pullman
(B) The model city built by George Pullman
(C) The career of George Pullma
(D) Housing problems in the nineteenth century

12. According to the passage, which L the following led to the creation of the town of
Pullman?
(A) A surplus of railway workers in Chicago
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(B) Housing problems caused by industrialization
(C) George Pullman's decision to slop producing railway cars

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(D) The opening of the World's Columbian Exposition
14. According to the passage, George Pullman expected that the city of Pullman would
(A) impress social reformer
(B) satisfy radical political group
(C) soon develop housing problem
(D) draw workers Co the railway car industry
15. According to the passage. Pullman inhabitants were taught to do all of Ihe following
EXCEPT
(A) have good manner
(E) become active in town politic
(C) value education
(D) save money
13. The word "retain" in line 6 is closest in meaning to
(A) house
(B) train
(C) keep
(D)reward
16. What does the author imply about George Pullman's attitude toward his workers in
lines 1
(A) Pullman believed that his workers should follow a strict daily schedule.

(B) Pullman felt that his workers required careful monitoring and supervision
(C) Pullman thought that individual workers could be taught to work together as a team
(D) Pullman believed that his workers had trouble keeping track of the time they spent on a
tas
17. The word "grievances" in line 17 is closest in meaning to
(A) storie
(B) opinion
(C) finding
(D) complaint
18. The passage suggests that George Pullman worked to hide which of the following from
tourists?
(A) His role as an investor in the World's Columbian Exposition
(B) His conflicts with the inhabitants of the town of Pullman
(C) His efforts to promote the town of Pullman
(D) His lack Of knowledge about how the Inhabitants of Pullman really lived
19. According to the passage, what did George Pullman do to promote tourism in the town
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of Pullman?
.
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s
lman
many things vary
l
s

er's
na
15
agonals on our faces. When we smile,
w
20
bstract or geometrical terms, threatening
25
all human faces are quite similar, skeletally and
nly discuss?
(A) He personally showed tourists around the town
(B) He published a travel guide to the town
(C) He started to invest in the town's cultural development.
(D) He built a new road connecting it to the World's Columbian Exposition
20. Why does the author mention the first Baedeker Travel Guide to the United States?
(A) To explain where tourists could find train and trolley schedule
(B) To identify a way used by George Pullman to attract tourists to Pullman
(C) To indicate how a large number of foreign tourists became interested in visiting the
town of Pul
(D) To provide evidence that tourists were often more interested in visiting Pullman than in
seeing the World's Columbian Exposition

Questions 21-29
Face masks are commonly used in rituals and performances. They not only hide
the real face of the mask wearer but they often evoke powerful emotions in the
audience-danger, fear, sadness, joy. You might think, because so
Line cross-culturally, that the ways in which emotions are displayed and recognized in the
5 face vary too. Apparently they do not. Recent research on masks from different cultures
supports the conclusion that masks, like faces, tend to represent certain emotions in the
some ways. We now have some evidence that the symbolism used in masks is often

universa
The research on masks builds on work done by anthropologists, who used photograph
10 of individuals experiencing various emotions. These photographs were shown to members of
different cultural groups who were asked to identify the emotions displayed in the
photographs. Emotions were identified correctly by most viewers, whatever the view
tive culture.
Coding schemes were developed to enable researchers to compare the detailed facial
positions of individual portions of die face (eyebrows, mouth, etc.) for different emotions,
What exactly do we do when we scowl? We contract the eyebrows and lower the comers of
the mouth; in geometric terms, we make angles and di
e raise the corners of the mouth; we make it curved.
Psychologist Joel Arnoff and his colleagues compared two types of wooden face masks
from many different societies—masks described as threatening versus masks associated with
nonthreatening functions. As suspected, the two sets of masks had significant differences in
certain facial elements. The threatening masks had eyebrows and eyes facing inward and
downward and a downward-facing mouth. In more a
features generally tend to be angular or diagonal and
nonthrcatening features tend to be curved or rounded, A face with a pointed beard is
threatening; a baby's face is not. The theory is that humans express and recognize basic
emotions in uniform ways because
muscularly.
21. What does the passage mai
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(A) The techniques for comparing facial expressions across cultures
) Cultural variations in mask
to
ional
) remind the audience that an illusion is being created

the performers
rd "they" in line 2 refers to
) performances
"evidence" in line 7 is closest in meaning to
rn
) roof
mbolism used in masks is often universal" (lines
) Not all societies use masks in their rituals and
emotions in similar ways.
emes" in line 14 is closest in meaning to
) proposals
ake angles and diagonals on
motions.
ns.
) Facial expressions can be described in terms of shapes.
loped.
significant" in line 21 is closest in meaning to
(B) The photography of faces
(C
(D) The uniformity of facial expressions in revealing emotions

22. According to the passage, masks are used in performances
(A) disguise the real emotions of the performers
(B) cause members of the audience to have strong emot
(C
(D) identify the cultural background of

23. The wo
(A) masks
(B) rituals

(C
(D) emotions

24. The word
(A) conce
(B) interest
(C
(D) reference

25. What does the author mean by stating, "the sy
7-8)?
(A) Masks are sometimes used to hide emotions.
(B) Performers often need help conveying emotions to an audience.
(C
(D) People from different cultures generally express certain

26. The word "sch
(A) systems
(B) presentations
(C
(D) investigations

27. What does the author suggest by Stating, "in geometric terms, we m
our faces" (line 17)?
(A) Different portions of the face are used to show specific e
(B) It is difficult to use objective terminology to describe facial expressio
(C
(D) Precise methods of classifying emotions have not been deve

28. The wood "

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(A) excellent
(B) important
) continuous
6 as an example ofa
n of masks
) nonthreatening face
) face that expresses few emotions

Questi
atural

Line
5
y. Many
ors in
10
bservation
le to escape predators by means of direct flight, to show frequent
15 cha
SB so-called "flash"
20
arkings. Good
25
, Some species even appear to possess "flash" sounds. The loud
buzzing and clicking noises made by some grasshoppers when they jump may serve to

word "enhance" in line2 is closest in meaning to

(C
(D) genuine

29. The passage mentions-"* baby's face" in line 2
(A) typical human face
(B) source of inspiration in the creatio
(C
(D

ons 30-39
The response of most animals when suddenly faced with a predator is to flee. N
selection has acted in a variety of ways in different species to enhance the efficacy of the
behaviors, known as "flight behaviors" or escape behaviors that are used by prey in
fleeing predators: Perhaps the most direct adaptation is enhanced flight speed and agility.
Adaptations for speed. However, are likely to require sacrifices biter attributes, so we
might expect only some species to adopt a simple fast flight strategy. Another way of
enhancing the effectiveness of flight is to move in an erratic and unpredictable wa
species, like ptarmigans, snipes, and various antelopes and gazelles, flee from predat
a characteristic zigzag fashion. Rapid unexpected changes in flight direction make it
difficult for a predator to track prey. In some species, like the European hare, erratic
zigzag flight might be more effective in the presence of predators that aie faster than they
are and straight flight more effective against predators that are slower. One o
lhat supports this suggestion is the recorded tendency for slow-flying black-headed gulls,
which are normally ab
nges in flight direction when they spot a peregrine falcon (peregrines are adept at
capturing flying birds).
A quite different way of enhancing escape by flight is to U
behavior. Here, the alarmed prey flees for a short distance and then "freezes." Some
predators are unexcited by immobile prey, and a startling flash of activity followed
by immobility may confuse them. "Flash" behavior is used in particular by frogs and

orthopteran insects, which make conspicuous jumps and then sit immobile. In some
species, "flash" behavior is enhanced by the display of bright body m
examples of insects with colorful markings are the red and yellow underwing moths. At
rest, both species are a cryptic brown color. When they fly, however, brightly colored
hind wings are exposed, which render the moths highly conspicuous. Similarly, some
frogs and lizards have brightly colored patches or frills that may serve a 'flash" function
when they move quickly
emphasize the movement.
30. The
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(A) encourage

(C) increase
escription of the prey's movement as "zigzag" in line 9 suggests that the
ent is

(C) constant
age that the European hare
(C) is more likely to escape using straight flight
f black-beaded gulls is most comparable to that of
pean hares
(C) peregrine falcons
ded gulls change direction when they spot a
ng reasons?
e gulls.
(C) The falcons are unpredictable.
d "alarmed" in line 18 is closest in meaning to
) frightened

following are mentioned as characteristics of "flash" behavior EXCEPT
tivity
(C) bright body markings
n particular" in line 20 is closest in meaning to
(B) resist
(D) reveal

31. The d
movem
(A) reliable
(B) fast
(D) unpredictable

32. It can be inferred from the pass
(A) is faster than most of its predators
(B) is capable of two kinds of flight
(D) is preyed upon by gulls and falcons

33. The behavior o
(A) gazelles
(B) Euro
(D) frogs

34. It can be inferred that black-hea
peregrine falcon for which of the followi
(A) The falcons are faster than th
(B) The gulls want to capture the falcons.
(D) The gulls depend on the falcons for protection.

35. The wor

(A) moving
(B) selected
(C
(D) exhausted

36. All of the
(A) brief conspicuous ac
(B) Immobility
(D) aggressive fighting

37. The phrase "i
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(A) especially
ulty
(C) expertly
underwing moths function in a way that is most
falcons
an hares
(C) the colored patches on frogs
ze”
(C) To compare the jumping behavior of insects and reptiles
ple of a predator that moths escape by using "flash" behavior

dy
different
Line
At first
d a number

10
tish
xpedition provided
IS
epths,
20
n the density of
25 -free sea around the North Pole, a claim not disproved until Fridtjof Nansen
(B) with diffic
(D) frequently

38. The hind wings of red and yellow
similar to
(A) the hind wings of peregrine
(B) the zigzag flight of Europe
(D) the clicking of grasshoppers

39. Why does the author mention grasshopper* in line 28?
(A) To contrast animals that "flash" with animals that “free
(B) As an example of an animal whose "flash" behavior is a sound?
(D) As an exam
Questions 40-50
In the nineteenth century, oceanography benefited from the new desire to stu
phenomena on a global scale. Many scientists collected information on the chemical
composition, temperature, and pressure of the ocean at various depths and in
regions. The difficulty of gathering information about the ocean depths was immense. 5
ii was believed that the temperatures in the depths never fell below 4 degrees
Celsius, until it was shown that the figures were distorted by the effect of pressures on
the thermometers. There was intensive study of tides and ocean currents; an
of physicists examined the forces responsible for the movements of the water. For

example, James Reonell provided the first accurate map of the currents in the Atlantic.
Ocean, and the United Slates Coast Survey made extensive studies of the Gulf Stream.
The zoologist Edward Forbes argued that no lire existed below a depth of 300 fathoms
(about 600 meters) a view widely accepted until disproved by the voyage of the Bri
research vessel HMS Challenger(1872-1876)The HMS Challenger e
valuable information about the seabed, including the discovery of manganese nodules
that are now being seen as a potentially valuable source of minerals.
The first detailed map of the seabed was provided for the Atlantic by the American
geographer Matthew F. Maury- He devised new techniques for measuring ocean d
and his work proved of great value in laying the first transatlantic telegraph cables. He
also studied global wind patterns and was able to provide sailors with guides that
significantly reduced die time taken on many routes. Some oceanographers believed that
the winds were responsible for producing ocean currents such as the Gulf Stream, but
Maury disagreed. He argued that they were produced by changes i
seawater due to temperature, which Bet up systems of movement between warm and
cool regions of the world. Maury believed that the circulation of a warm current would
produce ice
20
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allowed his vessel The Pram to be carded to within a few degrees of the pole in the years

her ocean currents
(C) Oceanography in the nineteenth century
es in the study of oceans?
orldwide level
(C) The development of new global weather patterns
ocean pressures
d "accurate" in line 9 is closest in meaning to
t

ed
(C) detailed
hich of the following opinions?
s.
(C) The discoveries of the HMS Challenger were false.
of minerals.
rd "expedition" in line 13 is closest in meaning to
ence
(C) voyage
ed" in line 17 is closest in meaning to
d
(C) popularized
of the discoveries of the
fathoms,
(C) They provided no new information about the seabed
1893-1896.
40. What does this passage mainly discuss?
(A) Exploration of the Atlantic Ocean seabed
(B) Differences between the Gulf Stream and ot
(D) The reaction of water to temperature changes

41. According to the passage, what led to advanc
(A) An interest in conducting ocean research on a w
(B) A disagreement between American and British
(D) The use of thermometers that could withstand deep

42. The wor
(A) correc
(B) publish
(D) accepted

43. According to the passage, Edward Forbes held w
(A) The Golf Stream did not extend below 300 fathom
(B) Nothing lived in the ocean below 300 fathoms.
(D) Manganese nodules were a potentially valuable source

44. The wo
(A) boat
(B) evid
(D) route

45. The word "devis
(A) tested
(B) understoo
(D) developed

46. According to the passage, which of the following is ture
HMS Challenger?
(A) They Jed zoologists to argue that there were no 300
(B) They confirmed theories about
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(D) They revealed an important new mineral source.
" in line 22 refers to
s
graphere
(C) winds
is true about Matthew F. Maury?
(C) His studies or wind patterns enabled sailors to shorten their travel times.

the North
( aboard The Fram when it traveled to the North Pole.
he
(C) The discoveries of The Pram were later refuted by Matthew F. Maury's discoveries.
nd The Pram (line 26) have
the Gulf Stream.
fic beliefs.
(C) Both voyages took place at the same time.
) Both voyages produced maps of the seabed.

47. The word "they
(A) route
(B) oceano
(D) currents

48. According to the passage, which of the following
(A) His ship traveled to the North Pole in 1893.
(B) He believed winds to be the source of currents.
(D) He believed that currents flowed only from warmer regions to cooler ones.

49. The passage suggests which of the following about the visit of The Fram to
Pole?
A) Matthew F. Maury was
(B) During The Pram's visit to the North Pole. Matthew F. Maury's belief about t
North Pole's sea was tested.
(D) The Pram found that the water surrounding the North Pole was ice free.

50. What did the voyages of HMS Challenger (line 13) a
(A) Both provided new scientific data about
(B) Both disproved previously accepted scienti

(D

















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Key:

Section 1:

BDD BDDCB ACCDB CAAAC DDAAC BCCBA ABDDB BCADC

Section 3:
CBAC BADCA BBCDB ADBAB ABACD DABCC DBBAC DACBA CABCD DCDBB
DCBDA AB

BBBAD
Section 2:
ACDAB DBDAB CDABB ACADC BBCBC DCCBD ACBBD CDDDC
23