TÓM TẮT VỀ ADJP, ADVP & PPP pptx

II.3> ADJECTIVE PHRASE
II.3.1> Structure
Pre-modification
+
HEAD ADJECTIVE
+
Post-modification
E.g.: surprisingly strange in her thinking
Pre-modification Head Adj. Post-modification

Pre-modification
-
a pre-adjectival modifier which is
a degree adverb
e.g.: very beautiful
-
a general adverb
e.g.: breath-talkingly beautiful

Post-modification
-an infinitive clause, a prepositional phrase
or that-clause
E.g.:
•
worried about the unemployment
PP
•
afraid to be at home alone
to Inf P
•

afraid that she won’t come
that-Cl

II.3.2> Functions
•
attributively function as a pre-nominal
modifier
E.g.: a difficult to express feeling;
•
predicatively function as subject
complement, object complement
E.g.: He is totally reliable.
SC
I find her so kind.
OC
•
be a post-nominal modifier
E.g.: Someone highly responsible to take over
this job is always out there.
post nominal Mod

IV> Adverb phrase
IV.1> Structure
Another adverb
+
HEAD ADVERD
•
e.g.: extremely hard, totally
differently, breath-takingly
beautifully.

IV.2> Functions
•
an adjunct to provide circumstantial
information about the action, process
or event, e.g.: too late (time), just right
there (place), highly proudly (manner)
•
a conjunct to connect one clause or
sentence to another, e.g.: ….,
however, I still want to believe her;

•
a disjunct to refer to the
expression of the speaker’s stance
or attitude to what he is saying and
reflect explicitly the way in which a
speaker intends what he is about to
say to be interpreted
•
e.g.: Honestly speaking, I’ve given
jobs to many people.

II.5> PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE
II.5.1> Structure
PREPOSITION
+
NOUN PHRASE
E.g. in the corner, inside the
bottom of her heart.

II.5.2> Functions
-
adverbial to be adjunct (that is movable)
e.g.: He whispers in a threatening tone (OR In a
threatening tone he whispers)
-
nominal to be complement of adjective (that is not
transposable)
e.g.: He was hopeful of a change (NOT Of a change he
was hopeful)
-
nominal to be object of verb
e.g. look at the studenthood photos
- adjectival to be post-nominal modifier
e.g. an order from an out-of-town customer