đề cương ôn thi tốt nghiệp phổ thông môn tiếng anh

SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 1

ĐỀ CƢƠNG ÔN TẬP THI TỐT NGHIỆP TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG
PHẦN 1- CHƢƠNG TRÌNH ÔN TẬP
(Thời lƣợng dự kiến: 04 tiết/tuần x 8 tuần = 32 tiết)
Số thứ tự
Nội dung Ôn tập
Thời lƣợng
(tiết)
Ghi chú
1
Các thì Cơ bản trong tiếng Anh
3
Phần 1
2
Câu So sánh
2
3
Câu bị động
2
4
Câu Thuật lại

2
5
Câu điều kiện
2
6
Gerund/ Participles hay Infinitives
2
7
So that/ Such that/ Too to/ Enough to
2
8
Mệnh đề/ cụm từ chỉ Lý do
2
9
Mệnh đề quan hệ
2
10
Mạo từ
2
11
Giới từ chỉ nơi chốn, thời gian
2
12
Động từ/ tính từ đi với giới từ
2
13
Ngữ âm
2
14
Một số câu chức năng giao tiếp cơ bản

2
15
Kiểm tra thử và dự phòng
3
Phần 2


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Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 2

PHẦN 2- CÁC CHỦ ĐIỂM NGỮ PHÁP
Đây là phần tổng hợp các điểm ngữ pháp cơ bản trong chƣơng trình THPT (lý thuyết)
The Comparisons
TÓM TẮT LÝ THUYẾT
1. Phân biệt các loại tính từ, trạng từ:
 Tính từ ngắn vần: Là tính từ chỉ có một vần (long, short, tall, high, big) hoặc có hai vần nhưng
tận cùng là –y (happy, crazy, buzy), -ow (narrow), -er (clever) hoặc –le (simple)
 Tính từ dài vần: Là tính từ có 2 vần trở lên (handsome, beautiful, interested)
 Tính từ bất qui tắc: Là tính từ có hình thức so sánh hơn và nhất của nó khác hoàn toàn với tính từ
ban đầu: good

better

best, bad

worse

worst, far

farther/further


farthest/furthest
 Trạng từ ngắn vần: là các trạng từ soon, fast, early, late, far, near
 Trạng từ dài vần: là các trạng từ 2 vần trở lên (beautifully, carefully)
 Các từ sau đây có thể xem như là tính từ ngắn, nhưng thường được dùng như tính từ dài: quiet,
clever, narrow, shallow, simple, gentle, common, hollow, polite, handsome, wicked, pleasant,
cruel, stupid, tired.
2. Cách thành lập hình thức so sánh hơn và nhất của tính từ và trạng từ:
 Ngắn vần: khi so sánh hơn ta thêm –ER, so sánh nhất ta thêm (the) –EST.
Ví dụ: She is taller than I . She is the tallest girl in my class
 Dài vần: khi so sánh hơn ta thêm MORE , so sánh nhất ta thêm (the) MOST
Ví dụ: She is more studious than I. She is the most studious girl in my class
Lƣu ý: So sánh nhất của trạng từ không dùng THE
Ví dụ: She came earlier than I. She came earliest
She dances beautifully. She dances most beautifully.
3. Mẫu câu so sánh bằng:
S
1
+ V + as + adj/adv + as+ S
2

Chủ ngữ 1 + động từ + as + tính từ/trạng từ + as + Chủ ngữ 2
My house is as big as yours
He runs as fast as I (do).
4. Mẫu câu so sánh hơn
S +
V +
more + adj/adv
than + S 2
adj-er/ adv-er

My house is bigger than yours
He runs faster than I (do).
5. Mẫu câu so sánh nhất
S +
V +
the most + adj/adv

the adj-est/ adv-est
Nếu so sánh trạng từ thì ta không thêm THE
His house is the biggest in town (biggest là một tính từ nên có mạo từ THE)
He runs fastest. (fastest là một trạng từ nên không có mạo từ THE)
6. Cấu trúc so sánh kép
 Mẫu câu càng ngày càng…, mỗi lúc một…
S +
V +
more and more + adj/adv

adj-er and adj-er/ adv-er and adv-er
The weather is getting hotter and hotter.







SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 3

Food is getting more and more expensive
He runs faster and faster
 Mẫu câu càng… thì càng…
The + so sánh hơn
S + V,
the + so sánh hơn
S + V
The more exercise he practices, the stronger he feels
The more money we spend, the sooner we run out of it.
The more carefully she drives, the less accidents she causes.

PHẦN BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
Bài tập tự luận:
Bài tập 1: Chia thể đúng của từ trong ngoặc. Có thể dùng hơn 1 từ.
E.g. The modern car is more expensive than the old one. (EXPENSE)
1. My English this term is___________ than that of last year. (GOOD)
2. Her math result is__________ than her English result. (BAD)
3. Detective books are__________ than science fiction ones. (INTEREST)
4. Lan is__________ than her sister. (LAZY)
5. He feels__________ than last year because his study results are__________. (HAPPY/ GOOD)
6. He is__________ at maths than at any other subjects. (GOOD)
7. Phuong can speak English__________ than Minh. (FLUENT)
8. Her voice is__________ than her sister‟s. (BEAUTY)
9. Her literature result is much__________ than it was last year. (GOOD)
10. Cinderrella danced__________ than any other girls at the ball. (GRACE)
11. I like geography__________ than biology. (GOOD)
12. Chemistry is__________ than physics. (EASY)
13. Rabbits run__________ than tortoises. (FAST)
14. Nam is bad at art but Minh is even__________. (BAD)
15. Lan is her________ sister. (OLD)

16. She can pronounce English words__________ than she could last term. (CORRECT)
17. The country is _________than the city. (QUIET)
18. In this class, the students are talking __________ than the teacher. (LOUD)
19. We shouldn‟t be __________ on any subjects. (LAZY)
20. I can learn a subject __________ if I like it and __________ if I don‟t like it. (GOOD/ BAD)
21. They are____________ than they used to be. (CARE)
22. Wool is _______________ than cotton. (RESILIENT)
23. Russian is _______________ language of all. (DIFFICULT)
24. This book is _______________ as that one. (INTEREST)
25. Walter Scott is____________ than Walter Brooks. (FAME)
26. The pears are____________ than the plums. (HARD)
27. The roses are____________ than the nasturtiums. (BEAUTTY)
28. The tomatoes are____________ as the apples. (EXPENSE)
29. My bicycle is____________ than yours. (NEW)
30. The front yard is____________ as the back yard. (BIG)
31. This map is _______________ than that one. (GOOD)
32. Her report is _______________ than ours. (ACCURATE)







SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 4

33. Sarah is the ________________ girl in the class. (INTELLIGENT)
34. This is the _________________ book I have ever read. (GOOD)

35. That is the _________________ painting in the museum. (VALUE)
36. Yesterday was the ________________ day of the year. (HOT)
37. My father is as____________ as his father. (STRONG)
38. She is____________ than her sister. (PRETTY)
39. You are not as____________ as your brother. (TALL)
40. That has to be the____________ film I have seen. (INTEREST)
41. Which university offers the____________ degree courses? (GOOD)
42. This clown is not so____________ as the other one. (FUN)
43. He is the____________ player in the team. (BAD)
44. The second half of the play was____________ interesting. (LITTLE)
45. What is____________ distance you have ever run? (FAR)
46. Ann is____________than her sisters. (PRETTY)
47. It's____________ than mine. (SMALL)
48. Your house is____________ than his. (BIG)
49. It's____________ than you think. (COMMON)
50. It cost____________ than I thought. (LITTLE)

Bài tập 2: Viết lại câu sau cho tƣơng đƣơng về nghĩa với câu đã cho
1. He hasn‟t got as much work to do as I have.
 He‟s got ____________________________________________
2. Her dress is the same as Rita‟s.
 Her dress isn‟t ________________________________________
3. Nguyen Trai Street isn‟t as long as Tran Hung Dao Street.
 Nguyen Trai Street doesn‟t have __________________________
4. As he comes nearer to the hospital gate, he becomes more nervous.
 The ________________________________________________
5. We sit near to the stage. We can see well.
 The_________________________________________________

Bài tập 3: Viết câu hoàn chỉnh dùng những từ gợi ý

1. The test / not nearly / easy / as / I thought / would /
2. I‟d like / see / Michael Jackson / live / concert / than any / performer.
3. Going / train / much / faster / going / car.
4. The hotter / weather / getting, the / miserable / I / feel.
5. The sooner / you / leave, / earlier / will / your destination.













SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 5

Gerund, Infinitives or Participles?
TÓM TẮT LÝ THUYẾT
1. GERUND: là một động từ thêm –ING có chức năng như một danh từ
a. Dùng trong các câu lệnh ngắn (không có tân ngữ ): No smoking, No fishing
b. Theo sau một giới từ: I am not keen on gambling
c. Theo sau các động từ chỉ tình cảm, yêu ghét, bắt đầu, kết thúc cụ thể: admit*
1
, anticipate*,

appresiate, avoid, consider*, defer, delay, deny*, detest, dislike, dread, enjoy, escape, excuse,
fancy*, finish, forgive, imagine*, involve, keep, loathe, mean*, mind, miss, pardon, postpone,
practise, prevent, propose*, recollect*, remember*, resent, resist, risk, save, stop, suggest*,
understand*
d. Sau một sở hữu tính từ : Sorry for my being late
Một số động từ theo sau có thể là Gerund hoặc Tân ngữ/ sở hữu tính từ + Gerund:dislike, gread,
fancy, involve, like, mean, mind. Propose, recollect, remember, resent, save, stop, suggest, understand,
approve/ disapprove of, insist on, it’s no good/ use, object to, there’s no point in, what’s the point of
He disliked ( me/my) working late
He resented ( my/me) being promoted before him
2. INFINITIVE
2.1. BARE INFINITIVE: Là một động từ nguyên mẫu không TO
a. Dùng trong các câu lệnh (có tân ngữ): Do not touch the wires
b. Dùng sau các động từ khuyết thiếu: Would you mind giving me a hand ?
* Lƣu ý: Sau USED TO, OUGHT TO, BE GOING TO, BE LIKELY TO, BE TO là Bare Infinitive.
Riêng NEED, DARE có thể là Bare hoặc Full infinitive.
c. Theo sau các động từ chỉ giác quan như see, hear, watch, smell, notice, observe
Did you see him go out ?
d. Theo sau các động từ let, make, have
What makes you think you have any talent ?
I will have him repair my car
e. Dùng sau các giới từ but, except, than, to ( TO trong Be about to, ought to, used to )
He did nothing else than laugh
There was nothing to do but wait
f. Trong cấu trúc nhấn mạnh động từ: Do come in time, She did say that she was unguilty
g. Sau các động từ would rather/ sooner (than) và had better
“ You had better start at once,” he said
I’d rather wait till tomorrow
2.2 FULL INFINITIVE: Là một động từ nguyên mẫu có TO
a. Theo sau hầu hết các ngoại động từ (decide, agree, promise, manage, fail, hope,, plan, tend, arrange,

hope, refuse, attempt, offer, )
They decided/agreed to divide the profits equally
They decided that the profits should be divided equally
b. Theo sau các vấn từ WH- hoặc HOW
I wonder whether to write or phone
She is telling me how to operate the machine
c. Theo sau một tính từ và các cấu trúc có liên quan too to, enough to, as as

1
Các động từ có dấu sao (*) theo sau có thể là mệnh đề THAT







SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 6

She is too young to apply for a job now
He was so foolish as to leave his car unlocked
* Lƣu ý: Sau REALLY là (To) Infinitive
It would take ages really (to) master this subject
d. Sau một danh từ hoặc đại từ để chỉ mục đích (thường dùng để thay thế một mệnh đề quan hệ tính ngữ )
- đặc biệt sau the first, the second, the last, the ony:
I have letters to write
Someone to talk to
There is a lot ( of things ) to be done

He loves parties. He is always the first to come and the last to leave
e. Dùng trong các cụm động từ giới thiệu hoặc kết thúc:
To be honest, I don’t just like him
I have never met him, to tell the truth
3. PARTICIPLES (PHÂN TỪ)
Về chức năng, Present participle chuyển tải nghĩa năng động (ĐANG) trong khi Past participle
chuyển tải nghĩa bị động (ĐƯỢC, BỊ)
a. Participle có chức năng như tính từ : Boiling water (nước đang sôi ) ; Boiled water (nước đã đun
sôi)
b. Participle kết hợp với BE hoặc HAVE để thành lập các thì tiếp diễn hoặc hoàn thành và cấu trúc bị
động
c. Present Participle được sử dụng sau go, come, be busy (chỉ các hoạt động thể chất, mua sắm ),
spend, waste ( chỉ sự tiêu tốn, lãng phí tiền bạc, thời gian)
They are going riding/ fishing/ skiing
He spends two hours (a day) learning French
She was busy collecting flowers
d. Participle dùng để rút gọn một mệnh đề
He rode away. He whistled as he went

Riding away,He whistled as he went (He rode away
whistling).
e. Pariticiple dùng để thay thế (rút gọn) hành động thứ hai khi hành động thứ hai là một phần hoặc kết
quả của mệnh đề thứ nhất.
He went out, slamming the door.
f. Dùng để thay thế một mệnh đề phụ (as, since, because )
Knowing that he wouldn’t be able to buy food on his journey, he took large supplies with him = As
he knew that he wouldn’t
Having been bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog up =
Because he had been bitten twice,
4. Một số phân biệt (Gerund – Infinitive; Infinitive – Participle; Bare/Full infinitive)

GERUND or INFINITIVE ?
Sự gây nhầm lẫn giữa hai từ loại trên thường được xuất hiện sau một số động từ thường. Các động từ gây
nhầm lẫn được chia làm 3 loại như sau:
4.1.1. Không thay đổi nghĩa hoặc tạo ra sự đổi nghĩa: Là các động từ begin, start, continue, cease.
4.1.2. Tuỳ theo nghĩa của động từ, theo sau sẽ là Gerund hoặc Infinitive: Là các động từ try, mean,
propose










SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 7

Động từ
Nghĩa
Động từ theo sau
Ví dụ
TRY
Thử
Gerund
He tried putting wire netting around
Cố gắng
Infinitive

He tried to do it many times but he failed
MEAN
Nghĩa là
Gerund
Love means forgiving
Có ý định
Infinitive
I didn’t mean to hurt you
PROPOSE
Có ý định
Infinitive
I propose to start tomorrow
đề nghị
Gerund
I propose waiting till the police get here
4.1.3. Nếu ám chỉ một hành động đã xảy ra, ta dùng Gerund. Nếu ám chỉ một hành động chƣa hoặc
sắp xảy ra, ta dùng Infinitive
I can’t stop him talking to the press (Tôi không thể ngăn anh ta nói chuyện với giới báo chí )
I stopped to ask the way (Tôi dừng lại để hỏi đường)
Các động từ thuộc nhóm này là agree, allow, can/could bear, forget, hate, like, love, prefer, regret, stop.
4.1.4. Các động từ này theo sau là Gerund, nhƣng nếu theo sau là một tân ngữ, thì sẽ là Infinitive
They don’t allow smoking here
They don’t allow us to smoke here
Các động từ thuộc nhóm này là advise, allow, permit, recommend, forbid, admit, consider, require
4.1.5. Các động từ theo sau là một Infinitive, nhƣng sẽ là Gerund nếu câu mang nghĩa bị động
I want to meet you as soon as possible
The grass wants cutting (cỏ cần được cắt )
Các động từ thuộc nhóm này là need, require, want, deserve, bear
INFINITIVE or PARTICIPLE?
4.2.1. Trường hợp gây nhầm lẫn giữa hai từ loại nói trên xuất hiện sau các động từ chỉ giác quan như see,

hear, feel, smell, listen (to), notice, watch, find, observe
Did you see her leave her house last night ?(Anh có thấy cô ấy rời nhà tối qua không ?
She smelt something burning and saw the smoke rising (Cô ta ngửi thấy mùi gì đang cháy và thấy
khói (đang) bốc lên.)
4.2.2. Trong cấu trúc nhờ ai làm gì. Động từ theo sau HAVE có 2 trường hợp
I will have him repair my car (To have someone do something )
I will have my car repaired (To have something done)
BARE or FULL INFINITIVE ?
Sau HELP He helped us (to) push it
Khi 2 infinitive được nối với nhau bằng liên từ AND, to ở infinitive thứ hai thường được bỏ đi
I want you to stand beside me and (to) hold the torch

PHẦN BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
Loại bài tập 1 (Trắc nghiệm khách quan): Chọn từ trong ngoặc
1. I enjoy__________ alone (be/ being/ to be/ to habe been)
2. Would you like__________ to the party? (to come/ come/ coming/ to have come)
3. Do you mind__________ such a long way to work everyday? (to travel/ travel/ to have travelled/
travelling)
4. I don‟t like that house. I would rather__________ there (live/ to live/ living/ to have lived)
5. I would love__________ to your wedding but it just isn‟t possible (come/ to come/ coming/ to have
come)
6. Sometimes I‟d like__________ to play the piano (learn/ to learn/ learning/ to have learnt)
7. Please remember__________ this letter (post/ to post/ posting/ to have posted)
8. We tried__________ the fire out but we were unsuccessful. We had to call the fire brigade (put/ to put/
putting/ to have put)

SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 8

9. When you see John, remember__________ him my regards (to have given/ giving/ give/ to give)
10. Someone must have taken my bag. I clearly remember__________ it by the window and now it has gone
(leave/ leaving/ to leave/ to have left)
11. Jane needed some money. She tried__________ Harry but he couldn‟t help her (to have asked/ ask/ to
ask/ asking)
12. He tried__________ the shelf but he wasn‟t tall enough (reach/ reaching/ to reach/ to have reached)
13. Did you remember__________ Mary?- Oh no, I completely forgot (to phone/ phone/ to be phoning/ to
have phoned)
14. It‟s very kind of you__________ so (say/ to say/ saying/ to be saying)
15. Please show me how__________ this (do/ to do/ doing/ to have done)
16. One is never too old__________ (learning/ learn/ to have learnt/ to learn)
17. You are old enough__________ out alone (going/ go/ to go/ to have gone)
18. I‟m very glad__________ you (to meet/ meet/ meeting/ to be meeting)
19. It‟s nice__________ you (to know/ know/ knowing/ to be knowing)
20. You have no right__________ my daughter (see/ to see/ seeing/ to have seen)
21. Please tell me what__________ (doing/ do/ to do/ to have done)
22. I forbid you__________ my letter (to read/ read/ reading/ to have read)
23. We stopped__________ hello to her (say/ saying/ to have said/ to say)
24. We came__________ her (help/ to help/ helping/ to have helped)
25. I will invite her__________ my daughter (teach/ to teach/ teaching/ to have taught)
26. I don‟t feel like__________ to the cinema now (going/ go/ to go/ to have gone)
27. It‟s no good__________ video games (play/ to play/ playing/ to have played)
28. It‟s no use__________ with him (work/ to work/ working/ to have worked)
29. It isn‟t worthwhile__________ her (marry/ marrying/ to marry/ to have married)

30. She did nothing but__________ (cry/ crying/ to cry/ to have cried)

Loại bài tập 2 (Tự luận): Chia động từ trong ngoặc sang hình thức đúng:
1. When the painter felt the ladder (begin)(slip), he grabbed the gutter (save) him from (fall)
2. The snow kept (fall) and the workmen grew tired of (try) (keep) the roads clear.
3. He offered (lend) me the money. I didn‟t like (take) but I had no alternative.
4. What was in the letter ? ~ I don‟t know. I don‟t like (open) it as it wan‟t addressed to me.
5. Do you remember (read) about it ? ~ No, at that time I was too young (read) newspapers.
6. Did you remember (book) seats for the theatre tomorrow? ~ Yes, I have tickets here. Would you like
(keep) them ? I am inclined (lose) theatre tickets.
7. Try (avoid) (be) late. He hates (be) kept (wait).
8. I didn‟t know how (get) to your house so I stopped (ask) the way.
9. I wish my refrigerator would stop (make) that horrible noise. You can‟t hear anyone (talk).
10. This book tells you how (win) a game without actually (cheat).
11. The gunman began (fire). He felt a bullet (graze) his cheek.
12. He heard the clock (strike) six and knew that it was time for him (get) up.
13. I can hear the bell (ring) but nobody seems (be coming) (open) the door.
14. Did you advise him (go) to the police ? ~ No, I didn‟t like (give) an advice on such a difficult matter.
15. He wanted (put) my chameloen on a tartan rug and (watch) it (change) colour.
16. It is easy (see) animals on the road in daylight but sometimes at night it is very difficult (avoid) (hit)
them.
17. The fire seems (be) out. ~ It can‟t be quite out. I can hear the wood (crackle).
18. I caught him (climb) over my wall. I asked him (explain) but he refused (say) anything, so in the end I
had (let) him (go).
19. When at last I succeeded in (convince) him that I wanted (get) home quickly he put his foot on the
accelerator and I felt the car (leap) forward.

SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 9

20. I‟m not used to (drive) on the left. ~ When you see someone else (do) it you‟ll find it quite easy (do)
yourself.

Loại bài tập 3 (Tự luận): Viết lại câu sau cho tƣơng đƣơng về nghĩa với câu đã cho.
1. I dislike it when people criticize me unfairly.
 I object_________________________________________________
2. The film star wore dark glasses so that no one could recognize him.
 The film star avoided _________________________________________
3. “Stay here! I can‟t let you go out tonight,” her mother said to Jane.
 Jane‟s mother prevented ______________________________________
4. “You didn‟t pay attention to what I said,” the teacher said to the boy.
 The teacher accused__________________________________________
5. “You should join the football team, Eric,” said the teacher.
 The teacher encouraged ______________________________________

Loại bài tập 4 (Tự luận): Viết lại câu sau cho tƣơng đƣơng về nghĩa với câu đã cho.
6. Don‟t forget / give / book / back / Joe.
7. He / advised / me / not / drink / smoke / much.
8. John / congratulated / me / pass / final exam.
9. We / looking forward / meet / our children soon.
10. Ann suggested / have / barbecue / instead / a fancy dress party.

The Passive Voice

Cách thuật lại một câu từ chủ động sang câu bị động:
Câu chủ động phải có đầy đủ các yếu tố: Chủ ngữ + động từ+ tân ngữ thì mới đổi sang câu bị động được.
Mẫu câu cơ bản:
Câu chủ động (Active) S+ V + O + phần còn lại của câu

Câu bị động (Passive) S + be + V-pp + phần còn lại + by+ O
 Nếu S là They, People, hoặc Some(one/body) thì có thể lược bỏ (tức là by+ O sẽ bị lược bỏ)
 S và O (I me, He  him, v.v )
Sự biến đổi động từ trong quá trình đổi
Thì
Câu Chủ động
Câu bị động

Đơn (Hiện tại/ Quá khứ)
V
be+ Vpp
BE được chia là AM,
IS, ARE, WAS, WERE
Tiếp diễn (Hiện tại/ Quá khứ)
be+ V-ing
Be+ being+ Vpp
Hoàn thành (Hiện tại/ Quá khứ)
(have)+ Vpp
(have)+ been+ Vpp
Have= Have, has, had
Khuyết thiếu (Modal)
Aux+ V-inf
Aux+ BE+ V-pp
BE ở dạng nguyên mẫu
Perfect Modal

Aux + Have+ Vpp
Aux + have been + Vpp









SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 10

AUX= can, could, will, would, may, might, shall, should, be going to, be about to, have to, must…
Các mẫu câu cơ bản
 People say that he is a liar  It is said that he is a liar hoặc  He is said to be a liar.
 Don't bring the dog in  Let the dog not be brought in
 It's your duty to clean the room  You are supposed to clean the room.
 How long have you learnt English?
 How long has English been learnt by you?
BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
Loại bài tập 1: (Trắc nghiệm khách quan): Chọn A, B, C, hoặc D.
1. Tom wrote that letter.
A. That letter wrote by Tom B. That letter was wrote by Tom
C. That letter was written by Tom D. That letter written by Tom
2. Somebody cleans the room everyday.
A. Everyday is cleaned the room B. The room everyday is cleaned
C. The room is cleaned everyday D. The room cleaned everyday by somebody

3. They cancelled all flights because of the fog.
A. Because of the fog was cancelled all flights B. All flights because of the fog were cancelled
C. All flights was cancelled because of the fog D. All flights wwere cancelled because of the fog
4. People don‟t use this road very often
A. This road doesn‟t use very often. B. Very often isn‟t used this road.
C. This road isn‟t used very often. D. This road is used very often.
5. Somebody accused me of stealing money.
A. Me was accused of stealing money by somebody.
B. Me was accused of stealing money.
C. I was accused of stealing money.
D. I of stealing money was accused by somebody.
6. How do people learn languages?
A. How do languages are learned? B. How are languages learnt?
B. How are people learned languages? D. How languages are learnt?
7. People warned us not to go alone
8. Somebody is using the computer at the moment
A. The computer is being used at the moment. B. At the moment is being used the computer
C. The computer is used at the moment D. The computer at the moment is being used
9. I didn‟t realize that somebody was recording our conversation.
A. That somebody was recording our conversation wasn‟t realized by me.
B. I didn‟t realize that our conversation was being recorded.
C. That our conversation was being recorded wasn‟t realized by me.
D. All are correct
10. We found that they had cancelled the game.
A. That they had cancelled the game was found. B. We found that the game had been cancelled.
C. That the game had been cancelled was found. D. All are correct.
11. They are building a new highway around the city.
A. A new highway around the city is built. B. A new highway is being built around the city
C. A new highway is being building around the city D. All are correct.
12. They have built a new hospital near the airport

A. A new hospital near the airport has built B. A new hospital has been built near the airport.
C. Near the airport have been built a new hospital D. Near the airport has been built a new hospital.







SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 11

13. People should send their complaints to the head office
A. Their complaints should be sent to the head office
B. Their complaints should be send to the head office
C. Their complaints should be sended to the head office
D. Their complaints to the head office should be sent
14. They had to postpone the meeting because of illness
A. The meeting because of the illness had to be postponed
B. The meeting had to be postponed because of the meeting
C. The meeting was had to postpone because of the illness
D. The meeting had to be postpone because of the illness
15. Somebody might have stolen your car.
A. Your car might be have stolen B. Your car might have be stolen
C. Your car might have been stolen D. Your car might have been stealed
16. An electrical fault could have caused the fire.
A. The fire could have caused by an electrical fault
B. The fire could have been caused by an electrical fault
C. The fire could have been caused an electrical fault

D. The fire could have been caused.
17. They are going to hold next year‟s congress in San Francisco.
A. Next year‟s congress in San Francisco are going to be held.
B. Next year‟s congress is going to be held in San Francisco
C. In San Francisco is going to be held next year‟s congress
D. Next year‟s congress is going to be holded in San Francisco.
18. They shouldn‟t have played the football match in such bad weather.
A. The football match shouldn‟t have been played in such bad weather.
B. The football match in such bad weather shouldn‟t have been played.
C. In such bad weather shouldn‟t have been played the football match by them.
D. In such bad weather they shouldn‟t have been played the football match.
19. The bill includes service.
A. Service is included in the bill. B. Service is included by the bill.
C. Service is include in the bill. D. Service is include by the bill.
20. They have changed the date of the meeting.
A. The date of the meeting has been changed. B. The date of the meeting have been changed
C. The date has been changed of the meeting . D. The date have been changed of the meeting
21. Brian told me that somebody had attacked him in the street.
A. I was told that somebody had attacked Brian in the street.
B. Brian told me that he had been attacked in the street.
C. I was told that Brian had been attacked in the street.
D. All are correct
22. They didn‟t offer Ann the job
A. Ann wasn‟t offered the job B. The job wasn‟t offered to Ann
C. Ann the job wasn‟t offered D. All are correct
23. They will ask you a lot of questions at the interview.
A. You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview
B. A lot of questions at the interview will be asked by you
C. You a lot of questions will be asked at the interview
D. You a lot of questions at the interview will be asked

24. Nobody told me that George was ill.
A. I wasn‟t told that George was ill. B. That George was ill was told me
C. I was told that George was ill by nobody D. All are correct
25. His colleagues gave him a present when he retired.







SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 12

A. He was given a present by his colleagues when he retired.
B. A present was given to him when he retired by his colleagues
C. When he retired he was given a present by his colleagues
D. All are correct
26. We will send you the results as soon as they are ready.
A. You will be sent the results as soon as they are ready
B. The results will be sent to you as soon as they are ready
C. As soon as the results are ready, they will be sent to you
D. All are correct
27. I think they should have offered Tom the job.
A. It is thought that Tom should have been offered the job.
B. I think that Tom should have been offered the job.
C. I think that the job should have been offered to Tom
D. B and C are correct
28. They say that many people are homeless after the tsunami.

A. It is said that many people are homeless after the tsunami
B. Many people are said to be homeless after the tsunami
C. That many people are homeless after the tsunami is said.
D. All are correct
29. They know that the Prime Minister is in favor of the new law.
A. It is known that the Prime Minister is in favor of the new law
B. The Prime Minister is known to is in favor of the new law
C. That the Prime Minister is in favor of the new law are known
D. All are correct
30. They expect that the government will lose the election.
A. It is expected that the government will lose the election.
B. That the government will lose the election is expected
C. The government is expected to lose the election
D. All are correct
31. They think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall
A. The prisoner is thought to escape by climbing over the wall.
B. That the prisoner escaped by climbing over the was was thought
C. The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall
D. All are correct
32. They believe that the thieves got in through the kitchen window
A. It was believed that the thieves got in through the kitchen window
B. The thieves are believed to get in through the kitchen window
C. The thieves are believed to have got in through the kitchen window
D. All are correct
33. They report that over 200,000 people were killed in the tsunami.
A. It is reported that over 200,000 people were killed in the tsunami
B. Over 200,000 people are reported are reported to have been killed in the tsunami
C. That over 200,000 people were killed in the tsunami is reported
D. All are correct
34. They say that three men were arrested after the explosion

A. Three men are said to have been arrested after the explosion
B. It is said that after the explosion was arrested three men
C. Three men are said to be arrested after the explosion
D. All are correct
35. The boys carried the box into the room.
A. The box was carried into the room by the boys B. The box into the room was carried by the boys







SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 13

C. The box is carried into the room by the boys D. The box into the room is carried by the boys.
36. Tom bought that book yesterday.
A. That book yesterday was bought by Tom B. That book was bought by Tom yesterday
C. That book was bought yesterday by Tom D. That book was buyed yesterday by Tom
37. The old man treated the little boy badly
A. The little boy was treated badly by the old man. B. The little boy badly was treated.
C. The little boy badly was treated by the old man. D. All are correct
38. A group of students have met their friends at the railway station
A. Their friends have been met at the railway station by a group of students.
B. Their friends at the railway station have been met by a group of students.
C. Their friends have been meeted at the railway station by a group of students.
A. At the railway station has met their friends by a group of students.
39. They didn‟t allow Tom to take these books home.

A. Tom wasn‟t allowed to take these books home. B. Tom was allowed to take these books home.
C. To take these books home wasn‟t allowed Tom D. Tom to take these books home wasn‟t allowed
40. How many trees did they cut down to build that fence?
A. How many trees were cut down to build that fence?
B. How many were trees cut down to build that fence?
C. Were how many trees cut down to build that fence?
D. How many trees were cutted down to build that fence?
41. This well-known library attracts many people
A. Many people are attracted by this well-known library
B. Many people are attracted in this well-known library.
C. Many people were attracted by this well-known library
D. Many people were attracted in this well-known library.
42. How long has Mr. Smith taught you French?
A. How long have you been taught French by Mr. Smith?
B. How long has French been taught you by Mr. Smith?
C. How long have you French been taught?
D. All are correct
43. They didn‟t look after the children properly
A. After the children properly wasn‟t looked B. The children properly wasn‟t looked after
C. The children wasn‟t looked after properly D. The children weren‟t looked after properly
44. How many lessons are you going to learn next month?
A. How many lessons are going to be learnt next month?
B. How many are lessons going to be learnt next month?
C. How many lessons are being going to learn next month?
D. Are how many lessons going to be learnt next month?
45. She didn‟t introduce me to her mother
A. Me wasn‟t introduced to her mother by her B. I wasn‟t introduced to her mother by her
C. Her mother wasn‟t introduced to me by her D. B and C are correct

Loại bài tập 2 (Tự luận): Viết lại câu sau cho tƣơng đƣơng về nghĩa với câu đã cho.

1. We have made great progress in our economy in the last few years.
 Great progress ______________________________________
2. The workers are going to pull down that old building.
 That old building ______________________________________
3. You can‟t buy anything nice in that shop.
 Nothing _____________________________________________
4. Without effort nothing can be gained.
 We_________________________________________________







SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 14

5. They said he had left Paris secretly in his private car.
 He _________________________________________________

Loại bài tập 3 (Tự luận): Viết lại câu sau cho tƣơng đƣơng về nghĩa với câu đã cho.

1. Inflation / said / be getting / out / control.
2. All / decorating will / finished / by / weekend.
3. You / should have / car / look / the mechanic.
4. We / made / empty / our suitcases / the customs official.
5. It‟s impossible / that plan / carried out.

The Sequence of Tenses
TÓM TẮT LÝ THUYẾT
Tenses
Forms
Uses
Symbols
Simple
present
(Hiện tại
đơn)
S + V (s/es)
S + don‟t/doesn‟t + V-inf
Do/ Does + S + V-inf?
Thói quen, sở thích , nghề
nghiệp, chân lý.
Dùng cho các động từ chỉ
nhận thức hoặc giác quan
(think, believe, own,
have )
Các trạng từ chỉ tần suất
như : every, always, often,
usually, sometimes, once
or twice a week
Present
continuo
us (HT
tiếp
diễn)
S + be + V-ing
S + be + NOT + V-ing

Be + S + V-ing?
BE= is, am, are
Sự việc đang xảy ra lúc
nói. Sự viêc sắp xảy ra ở
tương lai gần.
Sự việc khác thường lệ.
Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian
như now, at present, at the
moment, today, next
Simple
past
(Quá
khứ
đơn)
S + V
2
(hoặc V-ed)
S + didn‟t + V-inf
DID + S + V-inf?
Thói quen trong quá khứ
hoặc Sự việc đã xảy ra
trong quá khứ có thời gian
cụ thể.
Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian
như last, in/ at + thời gian,
ago, when
Past
continuo
us (QK
tiếp

diễn)
S + be + V-ing
S + be + NOT + V-ing
Be + S + V-ing?
BE= was, were
Sự việc đang xảy ra tài một
thời điểm trong quá khứ.
Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian
như THEN, AT THAT
TIME, AT THAT
MOMENT
Các liên từ chỉ thời gian
như WHEN, WHILE
Present
perfect
(HT
hoàn
thành)
S + have/has + V
3
/V-ed
S + have/has not + V
3

Have/Has + S + V
3
?
Sự việc đã xảy ra nhưng
không rõ t. gian.
Sự việc đã xảy ra và kéo

dài đến lúc nói.
Sự việc lặp lại nhiều lần
trong quá khứ.
Sự việc vừa mới xảy ra.
since, for, just, lately,
recently, ever, in the last,
during the last, yet, this is
the first time, so far, how
long
Past
Perfect
Quá khứ
hoàn
thành
S + had + V
3
/V-ed
S + had not + V
3

Had + S + V
3
?
Sự việc đã hoàn tất trước
một hành động khác trong
quá khứ.
By + thời gian ở quá khứ
Before/ After
No sooner + had + S + V3
than S + V2

SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 15

Simple
Future
(Tương
lai đơn)
S + will + V-inf
S + won't + V-inf
Will + S + V-inf?
Câu điều kiện loại 1.
Hành động quyết định lúc
nói.
Tiên đoán 1 sự việc trong
tương lai.
Các trạng ngữ chỉ thời
gian trong tương lai như
NEXT.
Câu bắt đầu với cấu trúc I
am sure that/ I think/
promise that.
Near

Future
(Tương
lai gần)
S + be going to + Vinf
S + be not going to + Vinf
Be + S + going to+ Vinf?
Tiên đoán có cơ sở.
Sự việc sắp xảy ra ở tương
lai gần.
Các trạng ngữ chỉ thời
gian ở tương lai gần như
tonight, this weekend

Sự phối hợp thì (câu có 2 vế):
1. Nếu hai hành động liên tiếp xảy ra: cả hai đều dùng Hiện tại đơn hoặc quá khứ đơn (tuỳ
theo mốc thời gian).
Ví dụ: She opened the door and saw an old man.
2. Nếu hai hành động song song xảy ra: cả hai đều dùng Hiện tại tiếp diễn hoặc quá khứ
tiếp diễn (tuỳ theo mốc thời gian).
Ví dụ: Mary‟s husband was working in the garden while she was cooking in the kitchen.
3. Nếu 1 hành động đang xảy ra thì có 1 hành động khác cắt ngang: hành động đang xảy ra
dùng HTTD hoặc QKTD; hành động cắt ngang dùng HTĐ hoặc QKĐ (tuỳ theo mốc thời
gian).
Ví dụ: The phone rang while she was cooking in the kitchen.
4. Nếu hai hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ không liên tiếp nhau: hành động xảy ra trước
dùng QK hoàn thành; hành động xảy ra sau dùng QK đơn.
Ví dụ: After they had had dinner, they watched TV.

Sự phối hợp thì trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian:
Adverbial clauses of time: bắt đầu bằng các liên từ chỉ thời gian như: when, whenever,

before, after, since, as soon as, as, while, till, until, just as, no sooner…than,
hardly…when, as long as, etc.

Liên từ
Mệnh đề phụ (trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian)
Mệnh đề chính

+ simple present (thói quen)
+ present continuous (sự việc đang xảy ra/ cắt ngang)
+ present perfect ( sự việc đã hoàn tất)
Simple present
+ present perfect (sự việc đã hoàn tất)
+ simple present (sự việc sẽ hoàn tất tại một điểm thời
gian trong tương lai)
Future tenses (will or be
going to)
Past tenses:
+ nếu hai hành động xảy ra liên tiếp nhau: cả 2 dùng
quá khứ đơn.
+ nếu 2 hành động song song xảy ra: cả hai đều dùng
thì quá khứ tiếp diễn.
+ nếu 1 hành động đang xảy ra thì có 1 hành động khác
cắt ngang: hành động đang xảy ra dùng quá khứ tiếp
diễn; hành động cắt ngang dùng quá khứ đơn.
+ nếu 2 hành động xảy ra không liên tiếp nhau: hành
động xảy ra trước dùng quá khứ hoàn thành; hành động
xảy ra sau dùng quá khứ đơn.
Past tenses

PHẦN BÀI TẬP

SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 16

PHẦN BÀI TẬP TRẮC NGHIỆM KHÁCH QUAN
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to complete each sentence
1. Listen! I____________someone knock on the door.
A. am hearing B. hear C. have heard D. heard
2. We____________a wonderful time during our last vacation.
A. had B. have had C. had had D. were having
3. My mother____________ in this bookshop for 10 years
A. has worked B. worked C. is working D. was working
4. Newton____________back to Cambridge in1667.
A. has gone B. was going C. goes D. went
5. My mothers has retired____________.
A. for two years B. two years ago C. since D. yet
6. He met her____________.
A. so far B. last week C. now D. every day
7. My father____________TV last night.
A. isn‟t watching B. didn‟t watch C. doesn‟t watch D. don‟t watch
8. My mother____________ in a bookshop this spring.
A. has worked B. worked C. is working D. was working
9. Mai____________ dinner at the moment

A. has B. is having C. had D. has had
10. My father____________ TV every night.
A. isn‟t watching B. didn‟t watch C. doesn‟t watch D. don‟t watch
11. Mai____________ dinner when the light went out
A. has B. is having C. had D. was having
12. They haven‟t received their bonuses____________.
A. just B. ago C. yet D. now
13. How long____________you____________ in Kon Tum?
A. lives B. do live C. have lived D. had lived
14. My mother____________ in a bookshop when she was young.
A. is working B. worked C. has worked D. was working
15. Someone____________ at the door. Can you answer it?
A. knocks B. is knocking C. has knocked D. knocked
16. John____________ at the moment, so he can‟t answer the telephone.
A. works B. is working C. has worked D. will work
17. Old Ted____________ twenty cigarettes a day till he gave up.
A. had smoked B. has smoked C. smoked D. smokes
18. Michael____________ a word with Linda this morning.
A. has B. had C. has had D. had had
19. We cleaned up the room as soon as the guests____________.
A. had left B. has left C. left D. were leaving
20. Jane‟s eyes are red. She____________.
A. cried B. has cried C. has been crying D. had cried
21. The concert____________ at 7:15.
A. starts B. is staring C. has started D. is going to start

SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 17

22. Her family____________ to America before 1975.
A. went B. have gone C. had gone D. would go
23. I____________ my key. Can you help me look for it?
A. lose B. lost C. had lost D. have lost
24. I have learnt English____________ I was nine years old.
A. since B. for C. ago D. yet
25. I____________ him since I____________ a student.
A. know/am B. knew/ was C. have known/was D. knew/ have been
26. I____________ my homework yet.
A. have done B. did C. haven‟t done D. A & B are correct
27. Tim____________ a new job.
A. found B. was found C. has found D. has been found
28. Since he left, I____________ nothing from him.
A. heard B. am going to hear C. have been heard D. have heard
29. ____________ I last saw her, I haven‟t heard from her
A. when B. ago C. for D. since
30. How long____________you____________ English?
A. did….learn B. have…. learnt C. learned D. have learnt
31. She has got married____________ ages.
A. for B. already C. since D. ago
32. I have learnt English____________ nine years.
A. since B. for C. ago D. yet
33. I ____________ my homework yesterday.
A. have done B. did C. haven‟t done D. A & B are correct

34. I began to learn English____________ I was in grade 6
A. when B. ago C. for D. since
35. Almost everyone____________ for home by the time we arrived.
A. leave B. left C. leaves D. had left
36. By the age of 25, he____________ two famous novels.
A. wrote B. wrote C. has written D. had written
37. ____________ to rain before you woke up this morning?
A. Did it begin B. Has it begun C. Had it begun D. Would it begin
38. My daughter saw an elephant this morning but she____________ one before.
A. had never seen B. has never seen C. never sees D. never had seen
39. My mothers has retired____________.
A. for two years B. two years ago C. since D. yet
40. I____________ that I____________ how to use tenses now
A. think/ know B. am thinking/ know C. think/ am knowing D. thinks/ knows
PHẦN TỰ LUẬN
I. Supply the correct verb forms: The Simple Present Tense, the Present Continuous Tense or Present
Perfect:
1. Be quiet! The baby (sleep).
2. We seldom (eat) before 6.30.
3. Look! A man (run) after the train. He (want) to catch it.
4. The sun (set) in the West.







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Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 18

5. It (be) often hot in the summer.
6. I (do) an exercise on the present tenses at this moment and I (think) that I (know) how use it
7. My mother sometimes (buy) vegetables at this market.
8. It (be) very cold now.
9. It (rain) much in summer. It (rain) now.
10. Daisy (cook) some food in the kitchen at present. She always (cook) in the morning.
II. Supply the correct forms: Present Tenses:
1. Listen! I (think) someone (knock) at the door.
2. Up to the present we (write) almost every lesson in the book.
3. The earth (circle) the sun once every 365 days.
4. The farmer (work) in the field at the moment.
5. How many times you (see) him since he (go) to Edinburgh?
6. Rivers usually (flow) to the sea.
7. Look! The baby (cry).
8. Do you know that man who (smoke) over there?
9. Mrs. Green always (go) to work by bus?
10. We (be) from French. We (be) there for 20 years.
III. Supply the correct forms: Past Tenses:
1. Yesterday John (go) to the store before he (go) home.
2. Our teacher (tell) us yesterday that he (visit) England in 1970.
3. When John and I got to the theatre, the movie (start) already.
4. Before Alice (go) to sleep, she (call) her family.
5. When the phone (ring), I (have) dinner.
6. Daisy (agree) with other members in the last meeting.
7. What you (do) at 6 p.m. yesterday?
8. The little girl asked what (happen) to her ice – cream.
9. He (teach) in this school before he (leave) for England.
10. She (win) a gold medal in 1986.

IV. Give the correct tenses of the verbs in parentheses:
1. I (make) cakes for my birthday when he came
2. I think he (phone) you as soon as he (know) the news.
3. You (speak) to Mrs. Baker yesterday?
- No, I (not see) her for a long time. I cannot remember when I last (see) her.
4. He (leave) home two weeks ago and we (not hear) from him since then.
5. He has slept for ten hours when I (come).
6. They (not come) home until they (see) everything.
7. How often you (go) to your English class? – Well, I (go) there twice a week.
8. She (not go) to the film with us yesterday evening. She (see) it before.
9. I have bought this house since my mother (die).
10. My teacher (teach) English when we came to visit her yesterday.
11. About ten years ago he (disappear) and I (never hear) from him since.
12. How long he (teach) mathematics at our school? – I don‟t know for sure. Maybe he (begin) teaching
here in 1985.
13. Where you (work) before you (come) here last month?







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Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 19

14. When I (see) her tomorrow, I (remind) her of that.
15. There (be) a lot of animals killed before the law forbidding hunting and fishing (come) in being.
16. Mark (play) the guitar when he was six.

17. When I (come) to see him yesterday, he was sleeping.
18. After he (go) to school, he (go) to his mother‟s store to help her.
19. I dropped my pen when I (run) for the bus this morning.
20. When I (get) there yesterday afternoon, everybody had already gone home.

II. Rewrite the following sentences so that their meanings stay the same.

1. It‟s ages since my sister was last here.
 My sister hasn‟t ___________________________________
2. My father began smoking when he was eighteen.
 My father has _____________________________________
3. I haven‟t spoken to her for two weeks.
 The last time _____________________________________
4. It‟s the first time he has failed an exam.
 He has __________________________________________
5. How long have they been married?
 When ___________________________________________

III. Build sentences with the cues.

1. I always talk / parents / before / make/ an important decision.
2. A survey / conducted / American and Chinese students / determine / attitudes / love and marriage.
3. Vinamilk / just / offered jobs / 27 members / Vietnam‟s Women‟s Football team.
4. Most / the football players / will / jobless / when / the Games / over.
5. It / Henry Davison / proposed / form / a federation of these National Societies.

Conditionals (Mệnh đề chỉ điều kiện)
 Thường bắt đầu bằng liên từ chỉ điều kiện như if, unless, provided that, once, as long as, on the
condition that (nếu, miễn là, với điều kiện là, trừ phi). Các liên từ này dùng để dẫn nhập các mệnh đề
phụ chỉ điều kiện

Ví dụ: If it is fine tomorrow, I will go for a picnic
 Nghĩa: Miễn là (if, provided that, on the condition that, as long as)
Trừ phi (unless)
 Có 3 loại câu điều kiện chính
 Câu điều kiện loại 1 (Conditional Type 1): dùng để chỉ một khả năng có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại:
If + S + V
1
, S + will/can + V-inf
Ví dụ: If it is fine tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.
Loại bài tập biến đổi: Câu cho sẵn sẽ có liên từ OR
Ví dụ: Be careful or you will make the same mistake again.
 If you are careful, you will not make the same mistake again.
hoặc If you are not careful, you will make the same mistake again.
 Câu điều kiện loại 2 (Conditional Type 2): dùng để chỉ một điều kiện không có thực hoặc một khả năng
không có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại:







SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

Tài liệu Ôn thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Trang 20

If + S + V
2
, S + would/could + V-inf
Ví dụ: If I were you, I would go for a picnic

Nếu tôi là bạn, tôi sẽ đi dã ngoại (tất nhiên tôi không phải là bạn)
Loại bài tập biến đổi: Câu cho sẵn sẽ có liên từ BECAUSE, SO
Ví dụ: She is too young, so she can have a job now.
 If she were old(er), she would/could have a job now.
hoặc If you were not too young, she would/could have a job now
 Câu điều kiện loại 3 (Conditional Type 3): dùng để chỉ một điều kiện không có thực hoặc một khả năng
không có thể xảy ra ở quá khứ:
If + S + had V
3
, S + would/could have + V
3

Ví dụ: If it had been fine yesterday, we would have gone for a picnic
Loại bài tập biến đổi: Câu cho sẵn sẽ có liên từ BECAUSE, SO
Ví dụ: She was ill yesterday, so she didn‟t go to school
 If you had been well yesterday, she would have gone to school
hoặc If you had not been ill yesterday, she would have gone to school
 Một số lƣu ý:
+ Khi viết lại một câu điều kiện (đặc biệt là loại 2, 3) ta phải
Lùi thì: Câu đã cho ở Hiện tại  câu Điều kiện viết lại ở Quá khứ.
Câu đã cho ở Quá khứ  câu ĐK viết lại Quá khứ hoàn thành.
Đổi thể Câu đã cho ở khẳng định  câu điều kiện ở phủ định (thêm NOT) hoặc trái nghĩa (ill 
not ill hoặc well).


PHẦN BÀI TẬP
PHẦN BÀI TẬP TRẮC NGHIỆM
I. Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence:
1. If there____________ a good programme on TV tonight, I‟ll watch it.
A. is B. was C. were D. had been

2. John wouldn‟t miss his favourite program if he____________ a video recorder.
A. buys B. bought C. had bought D. didn‟t buy
3. If I had known you were in hospital, I____________ to see you.
A. will go B. would go C. went D. would have gone
4. I could tell you what this means if I____________ Greek.
A. know B. will know C. knew D. would know
5. My family____________ to the beach for our holiday if we have enough money.
A. go B. will go C. would go D. would have gone
6. If I were offered the job, I think I____________ it.
A. will take B.would take C. would have taken D. took
7. I‟ll send you some information if you____________ me your address.
A. will tell B. told C. tells D. tell
8. If I had a typewriter I____________ it myself.
A. typed B. would type C. has typed D. will typed
9. If Kate is late again, she____________ her job.
A. lose B. loses C. will lose D. would lose
10. If he worked more slowly he____________ so many mistakes.