Tiếng Anh Chuyên Ngành - Hoạt động kinh tế pdf

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Vocabulary:
- agricultural (adj) : field, farmer,
tilling
-
manufactured (n) : machine age,
robot…
-
commerce (n) : to reciprocate,
wholesale trade

-
maintain (v) : to keep in good repair,
to protect
-
essential (adj) : important, necessary
chủ yếu
duy trì
thương mại
công nghiệp
nông nghiệp
-
undertake (v) : to work,
to mimic
-
commodities (n) : object for
exchange
-
satisfaction (adj)
to feel please.
sự hài lòng, thỏa mãn
hàng hóa
thực hiện
Most people work to earn a living, and produce
goods and services. Goods are either agricultural
(like maize and milk) or manufactured (like cars and
paper). Services are such things as education,
medicine and commerce. Some people provide
goods, some provide services. Other people provide
both goods and services. For example, in the same
garage a man may buy a car or some service which

helps him to maintain his car.
The work people do is called economic activity.
All economic activities together make up the
economic system of a town, a city, a country or the
world. Such an economic system is the sum-total
of what people do and what they want. The work
people undertake either provides what they need or
provides the money with which they can buy
essential commodities. Of course, most people
hope to earn enough money to buy commodities
and services which are non-essential but which
provide some particular personal satisfaction, like
toys for children, visits to the cinema and books.
I. ORAL QUESTIONS:
a)Why do most people work ?
b) What do they produce ?
c) What do education, medicine and commerce
provide ?
d) What two different things can a man buy in a
garage ?
 Most people work to earn a living.
 They produce goods and services.
 They provide services.
 In a garage two different things can a man buy a
car or some service which helps him to maintain his
car.
e) What is an economic system the sum- total of ?
f) What two things can work provide for the worker ?
g) What can people buy with money ?
 Economic system the sum-total of what people do

and what they want.
 Work can provide for the worker what they
need or provide the money.
 With money people can buy commodities and
services which are non-essential, provide some
particular personal satisfaction, like toys for
children, visits to the cinema and books.
II. COMPREHENSION:
State whether these sentences are true (T) or
false (F), and if they are false, state why.
a) _____ Most people produce goods and services.
b) _____ Services are either agricultural or
manufactured.
c) _____ Schools and hopitals provide education and
medicine.
d) _____ Cars and paper are agricultural goods.
e) _____ Paper is a non – agricultural commodity.
f) _____ An economic system is the work which
people do.
T
F
T
F
T
F
g) _____ A city has its own economic system.
h) _____ Economic activity is the sum - total of
what people do and want.
i) _____ The work people undertake provides
them with money, or with what they need.

j) _____ Most people do not want to buy non-
essential commodities and services.
T
F
T
F
III. VOCABULARY:
In each of these sentences a word is missing.
Fill in the blank with a word from the text.
1) Transport system like railways, buses and planes
provide the public with important _________.
2) They told him to look at the _________ and then
do the exercises.
3) There are usually a lot of _____________at any
railway station or airport that handles a lot of
traffic.
4) He decided to _______the work in order to make
some money.
services
board
Traffic lights
find
5) It was ____________for him to go to the city as
soon as possible.
6) They had _________ money to buy most of the
things they needed.
7) It was a ______ matter and he did not wish to
tell anyone else about it
convenient
enough

big
IV. WORD STUDY:
In these sentences, certain nouns are underlined.
Change them into adjectives which can be used
in the blanks.
Ex. - education => education + al => educational
- commerce => commerce +al => commercial
a) These goods belong to the nation. They are
therefore _________.
b) Minerals are a part of nature. They are therefore
_________.
c) Schools provide education. They are therefore
centres of ____________activity.
d) Shops are places of commerce. They are therefore
centres of ___________ activity.
e) He does not want everyone else to do this work. He
wants to do the work in person. It is his _________
concern.
national
natural
educational
commercial
personal
V. GRAMMAR
The simple sentence.
- A simple sentence is an independent statement
and contains a single idea.
e.g. - Travel Services is a small company.
- The company has an office in London.
- A team of five executives at Evans

corporation are planning advertising project.
- The order of the words in a simple sentence is very
important. Look these two simple sentences. They
both contain the same words they do not mean the
same things.
- Finbank lent Jim the money.
- Jim lent Finbank the money
A simple sentence can have six parts, although this
is not always so. Study the order of the words in
the columns bellow :
1 2 3 4 5 6
Who?
Which?
What?
Jim
Watson
Jim
He
Action
wants
doesn’t have
can borrow
Who?
Which?
What?
a new
motorbike
enough
money
the money

How? Where?
from his
bank
When?
Tomorrow he is going to the bank.
He can buy the motorbike on credit.
He must pay a deposit of $150.
You will use the six columns again for this
exercise. In each sentence, the words are not in the
right order. Arrange them correctly according to
the six columns and rewrite the sentence in the
provided space.
VI. EXERCISE.
1.good/ the/ are/ terms/ very
________________________________________
2. loan/ choosing/ bank/ Jim / the/ is
________________________________________
3. over/ Jim/ a period/ pay/ years/ five/ of/ to/ has
________________________________________
4. year/ of/ number/ Japan/ every/ tourists/ foreign/
to/ increases/ the
_________________________________________
_______
5. at/ many/ on/ they/ working/ projects/ are/
moment/ the
________________________________________
 The teams are very good.
 Jim is choosing the bank to loan.
 Jim has to pay in a period of over five years.
 The number of foreign tourists to Japan increases

every year.
 They are working on many projects at the moment.
6. packages/ takes/ the/ messenger/ the
________________________________________
7. next/ going/ Alison/ is/ for/ year/ apply/ to/
course/ the/ business
_________________________________________
__________
8. you/ a/ rise/ Mr Blake/ approved/ pay/ for/
yesterday/ meeting/ the/ at
_________________________________________
______________
9. we/ in/ finance/ decided/ hotel/ the/ to/ new/
Cairo
________________________________________
 The messenger takes the packages.
 Alison is going to apply for the business course
next year.
 Mr Blake approved you pay for a rise at the
meeting yesterday.
 We decided to finance the new hotel in Cairo.
10. percent/ trade/ study/ of/ 25/ students/ the/
international
___________________________________________
11. coffee/ country/ basic/ and/ commodities/ our/
like/ export/ rice.
___________________________________________
___________
12. lot/ country/ the/ a/ of/ tourist/ money/ from/ trade/
earns.

___________________________________________
13. Japan’s/ with/ increased/ past/ Europe/ has/ trade/
greatly/ years/ in/ the/ twenty.
___________________________________________
_______________________
 25 percent of student study the international trade.
 Our country export basic commodities like rice
and coffee.
 A lot of country earns money from the tourist trade.
 Japan’s trade has increased greatly with in twenty
years past the Europe.
14. has/ to/ income/ he/ tax/ pay/ the/ to/ government.
__________________________________________
15. will/ the/ until/ goods/ deliver/ they/ next/ not/
Monday
__________________________________________
16. year/ factory/ produced/ a/ shoes/ that/ quantity/
of/ last/ large
__________________________________________
______
17. increased/ first/ production/ by/ half/ in/
industrial/ the/ 7%/ year
__________________________________________
_____
 He has to pay income tax to the government.
 They won’t deliver goods until the next Monday.
 Last year, factory produced a large quantity of
shoes.
 Industrial production increased 7% in the first half
year.

18. company/ is/ Middle East/ our/ its/ expanding/
business/ in/ the
_________________________________________
__________
19. import/ didn’t/ any/ goods/ last/from/ they/
Egypt/ year
_________________________________________
20. be/ television/ very/ can/ watching/ educational
_________________________________________
 Our company is expanding its business in the
Niddle East.
 They didn’t import any goods from Egypt last year.
 Watching television can be very educational.