Polyme Analysis 2010 Part 1 pdf

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA ĐÀNẴNG
KHOA HOÁ
PHÂN TÍCH POLYME
(POLYMER ANALYSIS)
TS. ĐoànThị Thu Loan
♣♣♣
üIs a branch of polymer science dealing with analysis and characterisation of
polymers.
üThe complication of macromolecular chains, the dispersion in molecular
weight, tacticity, crystallinity, orientation, composition of polymers etc. and
complex morphological systems
⇒ analysis of polymer ≠ the small organic materials
⇒ Focus on viscoelasticproperties, dynamic mechanical testing.
Polymer analysis
•Instronmechanical tester
•Vickerhardness tester
•DMA
•Melt flow indexer
•Torsions Rheometer
•
•-AFM, SEM
•-FT-IR
•-Pull-out test
Instruments
•FT-IR
•IR-microscope
•GPC ( size exclusion chromatography
SEC)
•-Viscosimetry
•-X-ray (WAXS and SAXS)
•-EM, SEM, TEM, AFM

•-Dynamic and static methods for contact
angle measurements.
-Tensile, flexural, impact,
compression, hardness tests,
-Rheologicaland viscoelastic
properties, stiffness and
modulus, surface tension,
permeation and diffusion in
polymers, adhesion tests,
density
-Surface roughness,
-Chemical
composition,
-Interface
characetrisation
-Molecular weight determination,
-Microstructuralcharacterisation and
compositional analysis,
-Crystallinity,
-Investigation of polymer morphology,
particle size,
-Contact angle and wettability
measurements
Mechanical and Physical
Properties
Surface
Characterisation
Chemical, Molecular and Structural
Characterisation
Methods of polymer analysis

•GC
•pH meter
•HPLC
•Karl-Fischer titration
•Thermogravimetricanalyser (TGA)
•TGA-FTIR coupled technique
•Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)
•Modulated differential scanning
calorimetry(ADSC)
•Dynamic thermomechanicalanalyser
(DMTA)
•Dielectric relaxation
Instruments
Inolabconductivity
meter
•
Purity and molecular
weight of small
molecules, water content
in organic solvents,
surface tension
measurement, pH
-Melting point, glass transition
temperature, free rotation temperature,
-Degradation and stability behaviour of
polymers
Conductivity, electric
current in solution,
light emitting and
electromagnetic

properties
Miscellaneous (hontap)Thermal Behaviour
Electrical and Optical
Properties
Methods of polymer analysis
-For quality control
-For predicting service performance
-To generate design data
-To investigate failures
Purpose of polymer analysis
Essential to identify the purpose of testing, because the requirements for each
of the purposes are different.
-Precision
-Reproducibility
-Rapidity
Balance of these attributes,
according to the purpose of
the test
-Complexity
-Automated test
-Nondestructive test
-Cost
üNondestructive methods are advantageous and indeed essential when
100% of the output is being tested.
üThe tests should be simple and inexpensive, and automation will
probably aid the rapidity of testing.
üTests related to product performance are preferred.
Quality Control Tests
üThe most important factor is that the tests relate to service conditions
and to aspects of product performance.

üshould not be too complex, although rapidity and cheapness are less
important than was the case with quality control.
üNondestructive tests are not always appropriate when predicting product
performance, as it may be necessary to establish the point at which failure
occurs.
Tests Predicting Product Performance
üUsually test pieces are of a simple shape and a specified size, whereas
the product may be of a different geometry and size
üData must be presented in a form that enables the designer to allow for
changes in geometry, time scale, etc which implies detailed and
comprehensive understanding of material behavior
üIt follows that data of this type are expensive to produce and that results
are unlikely to be obtained with great rapidity.
üHowever, automation may be advantageous, particularly in the case of
tests running for a long time (creep tests)
Tests for Producing Design Data
üSome understanding of the various mechanisms of failure is necessary before
suitable tests can be chosen.
ü Tests need not be complex but must be relevant
Ex: a simple measurement of product thickness may establish thatthere has
been a departure from the specified design thickness.
üThe absolute accuracy of the test may not be important, but it is essential that
it be capable of discriminating between the good and the bad product.
Tests for Investigating Failures