263. Midwestern U.S. Fights a Mumps Outbreak doc

Midwestern U.S. Fights a Mumps Outbreak
Written by Cynthia Kirk
02 May 2006
I’m Steve Ember with the VOA Special English Health Report.
States in the American Midwest are working to
contain an outbreak of the mumps virus. Health
workers are vaccinating college students and others
who live or work close together.
Mumps used to be common in the United States in
babies, children and young adults. In nineteen sixty-
seven, researchers developed a vaccine to prevent it.
Mumps is usually not serious. There is a risk,
however, that it can lead to problems like infection of
the brain and hearing loss. In women it can cause
failed pregnancies; in men it can cause testicular
damage.
Iowa is the state most affected by the outbreak.
Since December, Iowa has reported more than one
thousand cases of mumps, either confirmed or
suspected. Health officials say young adults
eighteen to twenty-five years old have had the
highest number of cases in Iowa.
This is the largest mumps outbreak in America in
years. The United States has had an average of
fewer than three hundred cases yearly since two
thousand one.
Mumps generally causes high body temperature, headaches, muscle pain and tiredness. It
also causes painful swelling of salivary glands near the jaw line, especially below the
ears.
People with mumps are sick generally for about a week or so. Many people get mild
cases. Some infected people never even get sick.

The virus spreads easily. That can happen when infected people sneeze, cough, kiss or
share food or drinks. People who touch surfaces with the virus on it can also get
infected. Hand washing can help prevent the spread of mumps.
There is no treatment. Most American children receive a combined vaccine to prevent
mumps and two other diseases: measles and rubella.
2006: A college student in Iowa
gets a mumps vaccination
1957: A boy with mumps, 10 years
before a vaccine was developed
Experts at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say the outbreak might have
begun at a college. And it might have started with a traveler. Britain has been dealing
with a mumps outbreak that has resulted in more than sixty thousand cases.
C.D.C. officials note that the British cases have happened mostly in young adults who
had only one injection of mumps vaccine or none at all. The experts say one vaccination
should prevent about eight out of ten cases of mumps. Two should prevent about nine
out of ten.
Young adults in the Midwest are being urged to find out if they had one or two
vaccinations as children, or any at all.
This VOA Special English Health Report was written by Cynthia Kirk. Read and listen
to our reports at voaspecialenglish.com. I’m Steve Ember.