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
HỌC VIỆN KỸ THUẬT MẬT MÃ
ĐỀ TÀI:
TÌM HIỂU, SO SÁNH GIẢI PHÁP MÃ HÓA DỮ LIỆU
Giảng viên: TS. Nguyễn Tuấn Anh.
Nhóm sinh viên thực hiện:


 !
HÀ NỘI, 2/2014
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
MỤC LỤC
DANH MỤC HÌNH VẼ
Lời nói đầu
123#*4!)3'!)5.6'.768323
3'9#:), ;<=(';/3>30?.6'@
3!%+A7,<3!'BC&DEF*G0H'#23#*B*!BC3I
"J#0%3!'&D3A3K6L%6K3@(M.N;O
PQ6>BQR7,<3!'.N;O,?&O3>3QCMBC
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)V=K3!'.N;O63!3KW%3I.N;O
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', B/3S3!#U%P=(';/3>33!'/3D;7
,<B/3SBQR@3?#;+]NK3&7@3!06K3
@(M6'#23#*BQR3!$63!'A.N;O6
MBC&DEF*G%3!'B+)(6$BK!:3A-7,<B
,U3!'.N;O,?&O%3QY#U07,<#*+3>3?%
3!'BV3>36,'%3O/', B/3S@#UB*3!^
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P`;@\3G;W#QC0a;W&O)33!$M6'#
3T;[3\!\3%7;7,<M#23#*3!^B
,UY%#^!AQW7&?;'3I.N;O7,<
B3a;W-B3!Q!0b,<M6'#23#*6>cBY
3P.#*+;(#*3>3#X='d#A;:BA6P
BQR7;(@K3%;T,<Q73OdDG,3>3
468323-6]B/3S5%723TF3O;AQC&^-#*6+
4726+>G5%@3!"e)3!'BV3>3;3O/
', B/3S3'3!#U07,<M#23#*;6'
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=(';/3>3#7,<&g+3TJ;WB3!Q!0 Z";?%
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,MBA3%+#FW3/k())#*+,-./.h!\!)3%
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;=U0e\#F?3#Yp
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CHƯƠNG 1. GIỚI THIỆU TỔNG QUAN VỀ CÁC GIẢI PHÁP
MÃ HÓA DỮ LIỆU.
;/=(';/,-./QC,a#3TB.#D@3?#B=/3
M#QC0+!:3A());A)P7;)P#A#BQRBQ!;W
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Z/#*+BQR)?:)3I3!FD,QWQ&h
m 1*+3'=GVBN
m 1*+)?;aVBN

m 1*+3/)%3Q#<
m 1*+BN('
1. 1 Mã hóa toàn bộ ổ đĩa.
Hình 1. 1: Mã hóa ổ đĩa
1*+3'=GVBN#*+V79#J(3!F:33!)q);'
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r
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
)QY))Y=(BQR&S,<QV73TR)=(';/=9;?3%
3OBGF+,-./KF3O6>Be's#;'3K3= 6t
PK3)QY))=(';/V7/BA,'&(F:33TR)3!
3K3= M0
Hình 1. 2: Ổ cứng Rugged Safe của LaCie có bộ đọc dấu vân tay có thể sử dụng để
bảo vệ dữ liệu một cách an toàn.
1. 2 Mã hóa phân vùng ổ đĩa
QY))#*+e)QC,a+3$#*+u'A)?;a
VBN0+#G3,$%)QY))e)QC,a#*+3'=G
#G3;a3!'V7M4;T,<V50QC,a66>3$3!F:3
;')?;a#*+%)?;a6;v3!F:3="3QC0
)QY))3>,</&S,<B$#*+)?;aVBN3!'
w,'w&.3'6\!%!\!)3%x,!,y&6y!;\t
1. 2. 1 BitLocker
U+3$&S,<123#*+z3'6\!B$e)=(';/3/)3!3'=G)?
;aVBN0
{
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
Hình 1. 3 BitLocker
3'6\!+3$#23#*+VBN^Y|,'w&BQRB34VBN/BA
5`QVBN,-./DB 4QVBN7<=G50UX+3$&S
,<3'6\!''B$e)=(';/3:3(3/)BQR.Q-3!VBN,-./!C

4QVBN7!C'VBN}~.&5
1. 2. 2 TrueCrypt
!\!)3')q)=U#*',-./3!')?;aMV7
3K3= .Q3!-6Q}3!'.eB.#;/#6>P&O
3/)MQC,a0Z/B;,-./.VB*BQR#*'BX
o)(+#236n•6\~.\6'#*'0'=G/3D~.\M=U&g
BQR#*'%='d#3~.\%33Q#<%G,M~.\%6$(;a
,-./3!D,-./#\3%t

"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
Hình 1. 4 TrueCrypt
+uB$#B=/3MQY3!".!\!)36>='C,-
./B*(#*;'V7%ecBQR.Q3!-3U#3C3!'=GWl1#
3>0A+N.6!\!)3#*'uVBN%,-./3!'B+.>.>
BQR#*'%',a=U6^BG.U#3Ts3dB/=:3C0Z
=Uc+3$3!2)BQR;'B+6=U+#236n6'#*'Be0
1. 3 Mã hóa thư mục, tệp.
ya=U.Q3!-,-./,QW=:36""37'%3!}%\#.'3!O
3K)3!>7#3T%=U`P)(3K3.2)3##G3A.W)=('
;/'32)3'3Q#<B$=('B(#3'0Z;/3K3.2)#236n'32)
3'3Q#<.3':3';/#*+;=(';/,-./02)3
'3Q#<M=U&gBQR#*+;c+3$#^'&S,<=9
6='#236n0

"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
BY(:3.&S,<7J‚ƒ}4‚!)3ƒ.\}&3\#5+&„
3!'/3D|,'w&E6$3I6|,'w&_………F:3/0
U6TG3)(;'3Q#<;!')\!3\&h
Hình 1. 5: Encrypting File System
3K),;\,&B+B,:;'>‚!)3&'3\3&3'&\!\,3;

:xHh

"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
Hình 1. 6: Encrypts contents to secure data
QY))6B$#*+3Q#<;3/)3.&S,<)P#A##*+M
:)37=0+AQY3!"+3TJ3U';#*+,-./
=9#236n%PK3eBABQR:)#)T0}B?.)P#A#
•m‡)h
Hình 1. 7: Phần mềm 7-Zip
}63(;A;B3%=U+3$3U'32)3q3!'',/)P
#A#3I./3!'#\G3)(M|,'w&‚F).'!\!;W3K3.2)#23
6nB$#*+0Z6$#*+=U^B?.n‚}m_{€0Q;2%
=:37#D(qBA)(3K2)#236nB$#^6+32)3;&S
,<0
ˆ
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
1. 4 Mã hóa bằng phương pháp tạo ổ đĩa ảo
 zBN('hZ!3.y!;\!%.#G3VBN43QC.Vy('5%.#/#;<
DQ#G3Vy="3QC%c6^f+.#G3QY3!"#3T
VBN('&g6>3D,.QRMVBN7#.&g3D,.QRM
l#B+;"+&g.Q3!-3>33!l10
}66K33e).#;/MVBN('%,-./MVBN('&gBQR.Q3!-
,QW,Uu'#G3&D3/)3!VBN3230QY))#*+,-./^B?.
#*+,-./6BQRBQ;'VBN(';(#*+6BQRF:3!0
 lm!)3'
Hình1. 8:R-Crypto
lm!)3'.)P#A#,aB$#*+,-./U3!/BA
|,'w&9#=(';/,-./MQC,a3!QWY!X!c%#:3#3
3>3,'&Y^3IQC&S,<','&O3:>M3346\!50Y
K  3K3  .2)  ;  @(  .]  M  +  .  #*  +  V  BN  3!  BQC  B  4'm3\m~.

u…
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
\!)3'50N.,-./3OBGBQR#*+'(#*6BQR
FDBN7'6,-./BQRU).#6>+=:36‰&O
3/)'MQC,a0y-./BQR.Q3!-3!#G3VBNB*BQR#*+
4\!)3';'.#\56>3$BBQRKQC,a6>:)Be
6+#*+=9"37.#236n0'=G,-./3!VBN#*+BA
BQR#*+4;T,<Q3~.\%3~'.,\!%G,M3I~.\%,.QRX
3!D%&,-./t5
uu
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
CHƯƠNG 2. GIỚI THIỆU CÁC GIẢI PHÁP MÃ HÓA
1. Giải pháp mã hóa RCrypto
1. 1 Giới thiệu về giải pháp mã hóa RCrypto
lm!)3'.><U3!/BA|,'w&e)=U,,3U'
!#G3VBN('%3Q#<3!'B+BQR#*+#U#ge)=U+3$=('#23
,-./@3!M#"0
lm!)3')=(u0{+,.QRk13QY3T;W Windows
2000/XP/2003/Vista/Windows 70U+3$3(=(,a3Sk…#)T3U
B   ch http://www. r-tt. com/data_security_software/Download. shtml '
http://tinyurl. com/9mpdbvm.
lm!)3'&g3U'!VBN('BQR#*+0VBN&g3O/YK#*
+3\'3C3O0+&g#*+,-./BQ;';(#*',-./F:3
!0N.,-./3OBGBQR#*+'(#*6BQRFD
BN7'6,-./BQRU).#6>+=:36‰&O3/)'
MQC,a0y-./BQR.Q3!-3!#G3VBNB*BQR#*+6>3$B
BQRKQC,a6>:)Be6+#*+0
y-./+3$BQR')3I#G3VBN#*+Mlm!)3'&#G3VBN
="3QC6>#*+3!|,'w&4;QR.U5#G3="3QC#
6>+&O6=/3'(%6$(3'36q'm3(0

1. 2 Cách cài đặt và hướng dẫn sử dụng
QWuh(lm!)3')=(u0{#)T3UB ch
'  http://tinyurl.
com/9mpdbvm.
u_
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
QW_h1^~.\3(;A&g/!',/&h
Hình 2. 1: Giao diện R-Crypto
+{.O'QC&S,<h
m l\w\!)3\,,&6!\3'wŠ!,4K3U'VBN#*+#W5
m '\3\!)3\,,&64HK3DBKVBN#*+5
m y&'\3 '\3\,\!)3\,,&6&4s33:3(6K3DBKVBN#*
+5
m '~!\3'm'\3\,\!)3\,,&6&4:"3OBG6K3DBKVBN
#*+5
m '~!\lm!)3'&\334B3:"lm!)3'5
QWkhKQ+VBN('3.6;'3aBP3B$=s3BP3U'VBN('
#W0
U=:# NextB$=o@S&VBP30S&V37=U3KF.2)
3>3'VBN0
uk
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
Hình 2. 2: Xác lập thông tin ổ đĩa
'3\!#\h1B VBN('3.‚!)3\,y&64+3$3BV
3VBN50
'3\!.'3'h1B ~.\dVBN('.Q^1y'#\3&4+
3$3BV; 3!T.Q~.\dMVBN('50
y&6&Š\h1B 6T3QWVBN('.u……14+3$3BV3>&D
,.QR.H%1%50
}6BA3>3F'=U=:#\F3B$$&=QW6K3K)0

QWrh‹=QW=Un#*+',-./0
QY3!":)'=Un#*+3>,<Qh}mu%‚}m
uˆ_%‚}m_{€%tUB,:;'n#*+#D;=:#Next0
ur
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
Hình 2. 3: Chuẩn mã hóa cho dữ liệu
QW{h}6n#*+F'=U3K36]3O'VBN;
n/3D32)3'VBN4}ƒ%ƒ50
u{
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
Hình 2. 4: Gán tên kí tự cho ổ đĩa và chuẩn hệ thống tập tin cho ổ đĩa
U`+3$3ac3##G3&D3a-Qh
m‚!)3\#)3&)\'~3&,&6w.\!\3'h1*+6>3!DMBN
3!'63U'!0
m3'#3 '\33&,&6~3\!!\3'hOBG6K3DBN&6
3U'0
m‚#.3\~F\,,&6h1>)oBNDB 0
}6cF'=U=:#\F30
QW€hU2)#236n;:ƒ&B$6K33e@3!"3U'BN0
Hình 2. 5: Nhập mật khẩu
}63U'F'=U&gBQR6K3D;WVBN;I6^3U';=U&g3:
u€
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
F:3/3!'1'#)3\!M#"#G3VBN#W4‹B?.VBN‡50
Hình 2. 6: My computer
UcPq),-./#D#*+;=('#23;'3!'VBN0QY
3!"&g3OBG#*+,-./;.Q3!-,-./0H3s37,<3"VBN`
&g=K#:30
$+3$3!F:3,-./4=23.UVBN5=U#^QY3!".;=:#;'.
6K3'\3y&6;3KBJ2)=9#236nB*6=';+3$&S

,<="3QC0
u•
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
U+3$3U'!AVBN#*+63!a#G3#01fVBN&
66^3U'&g.#G332)3+,.QRBe=9,.QRB*B3'
VBN0U+3$&'q)+;'VBN}B$+3$&S,<^3!#60
2. Giải pháp mã hóa TrueCrypt
2. 1 Giới thiệu giải pháp mã hóa TrueCrypt
!\!)3.)P#A#,aB$#*+,-./U3!/BA
|,'w&9#=(';/,-./MQC,a3!QWY!X!c%#:3#3
3>3,'&Y^3IQC&S,<','&O3:>M3346\!50
YK3K3.2);@(.]M!\!)3.#*+VBN3!BQCB4'm
3\m~.\!)3'50N.,-./3OBGBQR#*+'(#*6
BQRFDBN7'6,-./BQRU).#6>+=:36‰
&O3/)'MQC,a0y-./BQR.Q3!-3!#G3VBNB*BQR#*
+4\!)3';'.#\56>3$BBQRKQC,a6>:)
Be6+#*+=9#G33!'="37.#236n4)&&w'!,5'32)
u†
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
3+76+46\~.\5'6+#*+4\!)3'6\50'=G,-./3!
VBN#*+BABQR#*+4;T,<Qh3~.\%3~'.,\!%G,M3I
~.\%,.QRX3!D%&,-./t50
y-./+3$BQR')3I#G3VBN#*+M!\!)3&#G3VBN
="3QC6>#*+3!|,'w&4;QR.U5#G3="3QC#
6>+&O6=/3'(%6$(3'36q'm3(0
7JTM!\!)3h
• U'VBNBQR#*+4\!)3\,5('3!'#G3~.\;#'34.s)5
Q#G3V}V70
• 1*+3'=G#G3)?;a4)!33'53K3= .Q3!-QV
}%V70

• 1*+)?;aV4,!;\5BQR|,'w&0
• Z/#*+.3OBG%3C3O4'3\~.5;;>"0
• ! \.Š3';))\.')q)B%;K3,-./Q3$V
6>BQR#*+0
• +3$3U'VBNn;/BAn43!3!QCR)=U= q)3K3
.G#236n50
2. 2. Hướng dẫn sử dụng
QW  u0 :  Be)  ;' Œ  G)  3'UOpen File - Security
Warning+3$F:3/0K;2%*: B$#^S&VThông tin
Bản quyền!\!)30
QW_0 >I accept and agree to be bound by the license termsB$/
e3AcceptŒ: B$6T'U3S&V&h

"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
Hình 2. 7 : Thuật sỹ Cài đặt ở chế độ mặc định
• KBGInstallmB3hO,'-QC,a6>
P\,:;/&S,<QY3!"!\!)33!#3T0
• KBGExtractm(qhO,'QC,a#D.Q
)=(U6>PB3M!\!)33!#G33•W};6>
#DB3!\!)3;'#3T0
Q]h1G3&D3a4;T,<%#*+3'=G)?;a;VBN5&g6>3$
3O/6&S,<!\!)3^KBGextracted4(q50
e]h',aKBG#B Install4B35BQR6,a%=U;v+3$
&S,<!\!)3^KBGU6>PB3=:376'0$3"#$
&S,<KBG!\!)3!;\ \!%*3'6('!\!)3U6>
PB30
QWk0: B$#^S&V&h
_…
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
Hình 2. 8: Cửa sổ Lựa chọn Cài đặt

QWr0 : B$#^S&VInstalling4B35=s3BP@3!"
B3!\!)3.#3TM=U0
QW{0: B$#^S&V&h
Hình 2. 9: Hộp thoại Xác nhận Cài đặt TrueCrypt
QW€0: B$3!2)3!M!\!)3;'3@3!"
B3!\!)3%&B+: 0
_u
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
2. 3 Hướng dẫn Tạo một Vùng Mã hóa Chuẩn
!\!)3')q)3U'.'U;a#*+hVùng mã hóa Ẩn;Vùng mã hóa
Chuẩn0!')Pe3&g3U'#G3Vùng Mã hóa ChuẩnB$7
3/)0
$=s3BP!\!)3;3U'#G3Vùng Mã hóa Chuẩn%*3\'=QW&h
QW  u0 :  Be)  ;' '  }3!3  Ž  !'!#&  Ž  !\!)3  Ž
!\!)3B$#^!\!)30
•3!hh}\33&Ž\B$$',/QY3!"&
KZ/3h
Hình 2. 10: Chuyển đổi Giao diện chương trình TrueCrypt sang Tiếng Việt
__
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
QW_0#G3VBN3!',&3US&V!\!)3Q&h
Hình 2. 11: Màn hình TrueCrypt
QWk0: B$6T'U3Thuật sỹ Tạo Vùng Mã hóaQ&h
_k
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
!
Hình 2. 12: Cửa sổ Thuật sỹ Tạo Vùng mã hóa TrueCrypt
+=.O#*+#G3Vùng Mã hóa Chuẩn3!'S&VThuật sỹ Tạo Vùng
mã hóaQHình 2. 120  !'  )P  %  e  3>  &g  QW  ,v    3U'
#G3encrypted file container4;a  #*  +  ,U  3/)50  *  3#  6('  3

./!\!)3B$=K33#QW,v;A.OX.U0
QWr0: B$#^S&Vh
_r
"#$%&'&())#*+,-./0
Hình 2. 13: Cửa sổ Loại Vùng Mã hóa
S&V!\!)3Z'.#\!\3'|Š!,Z'.#\)\:).O
3U'Za1*+•;‘Za#*+n‘0
QW{0h.O2)BN!\!)3n
QW€0:h B$#^S&V&h
Hình 2. 14: Thuật sỹ Tạo Vùng Mã hóa - Vị trí Vùng Mã hóa
U  +  3$  F  B   Y  .Q  3!-  Za  W  n  3!'  @  3!"  3O
/TrueCrypt Volume Creation Wizard - Thuật sỹ Tạo Vùng Mã hóa0/)+
3$BQR.Q3!-Q-3/)="3QC60
QW•02)33/);'3!QC3': B$#^S&V&h
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