bài báo cáo môn sinh học sinh sản vô tính

ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA TP HỒ CHÍ MINH
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC CHUA HỌC TỰ NHIÊN
KHOA SINH HỌC
BÀI BÁO CÁO
MÔN SINH HỌC SINH SẢN
Đề Tài:
GVHD: Cô Nguyễn Thị Thương Huyền
Nhóm 1:
  
  
   
! "#$%  &
 '()"*  
 +,-".  
Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, ngày tháng 3 năm 2009
MỤC LỤC
I. TỔNG QUAN
I.1 ĐẶT VẤN ĐỀ
I.2 SINH SẢN VÔ TÍNH
I.3 LƯỢC SỬ QUÁ TRÌNH NGHIÊN CỨU
II. TIẾN TRÌNH THỰC HIỆN
III. NỘI DUNG
III.1 SINH SẢN VÔ TÍNH TỰ NHIÊN
III.1.1Hình Thức Sinh Sản Vô Tính Tự Nhiên ở Động Vật Không Xương
III.1.1.1 /
III.1.1.2 0)/
III.1.1.3 )12
III.1.1.4 3
III.1.1.5 +3/
III.1.1.5.1 +3/1-45
III.1.1.5.2 +3/6,745

III.1.2Hình Thức Sinh Sản Vô Tính Tự Nhiên ở Động Vật Có Xương Sống
III.2 SINH SẢN VÔ TÍNH NHÂN TẠO - NHÂN BẢN VÔ TÍNH
III.2.1Khái Niệm
III.2.2Phân Loại
III.2.2.1 Tách Phôi
III.2.2.1.1 Tách phôi làm đôi
III.2.2.1.2 Tách phôi thành từng tế bào riêng rẽ
III.2.2.1.3 Ý nghĩa
III.2.2.2 Chuyển Nhân
III.2.2.2.1 Giới thiệu
III.2.2.2.2 Nguyên lý và quy trình cơ bản
III.2.2.2.3 Một số kỹ thuật chuyển nhân được ứng dụng phổ biến
III.2.2.2.4 Sự phát triển của phôi sau khi chuyển nhân
III.2.2.2.5 Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến sự thành công của kỹ thuật chuyển
nhân
III.2.2.2.6 Hiệu quả của kỹ thuật chuyển nhân
III.2.3 Đạo Lý Sinh Học Trong Nhân Bản Vô Tính
III.3 THÀNH TỰU VÀ ỨNG DỤNG
III.3.1THÀNH TỰU
III.3.2ỨNG DỤNG
III.3.2.1 Ứng dụng trong nông nghiệp
III.3.2.2 Ứng dụng khác của nhân bản
III.3.2.3 Ứng dụng trong y-sinh học
IV. KẾT LUxN
V. TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO
VI. TỔNG QUAN
I.4 ĐẶT VẤN ĐỀ
893:3;<=>1?@,?6A>5B(C,1.
D(EFGH>I6)(3:3;JKF>L9M(6(K>>:
E?JN49(O>,PQR>$JF12$>4.SI1?F3

T>>+UVQTJF6F3>W-O>,P>+XC,>*+
T,-TT1UT@F9>1563:3;X1L>N9(53;(2JF
1Y(QR>$JF>;>1ZT-
[3JK>1H+1\X>>]JFT>>+UM(5>>\BFXJNY(3:>A
?X>1^1U>.JN_4A15E2>+,\`5>(@(1,P
1a>+6F6F391UB(>+*1,P3;6,P69Fb3;X,JKN?>UB(>+*
b;JFT>>+UU6F1,P1Y(F4(53JK>T/>:O5>
Dc3;E*1?.6FG3/d
+9>:X?*>D33/T^4A6FG3/J2>.JFG3/
_(>.`*>DT#PTJN>I4K>A9E3JK>2>,\X
e_69F?D15>A9>fTX>,\3gB*>D3.3/J2>.h
be_69F?D15>A99->*3gB*>D33/_(
>.iK5>Jf1Y1a>+6F>]39Q>+*15Q9Qj>(K>FFT>
>+U9-X>*FQ96]?k(,ND(>+69F15
JK>4K9=>K.>+->U9,\lV>]9+>AO4V*
>D33/J2>.iKD>W33/J2>.FF>UO1,P>@
M(>+>+9D(Q9JFJOD(Xe+5JFTB
33/J2>.1UTJ91.E9,\6F+f>@>A>,
JOTB33/J2>.JF9JO>]9+>UN?T#PTJNM(
6(K>>:JF1]96m3Q26F5>)(W6N1HJF11,P4F
6(Kk2k9>+9NQ9JF_NM(>)
I.5 SINH SẢN VÔ TÍNH
"/f>E33/J2>.6FM(>+*(T)n1)X?3:T>>+UE
5>>UZM(Y(6@T)4F9(oX>AT>L96F3:>+\5>
T@>UfX1U*>F5>->U9[B>A4F99K1,P45
L(JZ>I>A4F9Z41@(X1A6,P>*X$6]9+>AO
9>AT>L9p0X0]ic0$X XCông nghệ sinh học
người và động vậtq
I.6 LƯỢC SỬ QUÁ TRÌNH NGHIÊN CỨU
 cX((3>rL3X]s+L4L+X1,+/>(A>t>2

>B>+(YE>A4F9/4N>Q$4O>?X1,P6F(A>
f>@uL+T63>L9+q
 cXr6L6v9(kQUD>(A>FX2TE5>>+9
>A4F9ET2>A4F94V5>CQ?A>M(/t>A4F9b
6]*>F5>gT2_>.O?>+1HE5>(A>
Er6L6
 cw!X3x+L3>>A4F9T2>IT2l!>A4F9E.
4Up3L(+qJFM(3>Q/cT>>+U>Ff(>+#WA>
M(/F44W>(A>Er6L6v9(k
 cwt33TL+=FT2,\DX1]s+4(+>
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>+#9Fy
 cwt2>T24*32e19]e19]>A4F9E
>A4F9T>>+U>F->U>+,e>F
 cwtv94L+>"+3JF93zipiOD((>,q>]9
Bb5>9A4Vf)>A4F919]ET2JF9>+D
,>>1H69])+DT){>,Q2T>>+U
 cw tz9u9+Bp1]|k}9+Bq1H>]9Bb>F2A
>+,e>FJF>F>3B>I>A4F9+(5>E9A>+,e
>FQ1H4O>?
 cw!tG>LL`669B39p]q>]9BbI(4V(U
>A4F9ET2>A4F9E>+DJF9>A4F9>+D,>>1H69])
">+93;!T21,P(UJF9Jb>+DI(JFT>>+U>F
_>A4F99Q(JYB>+(YK.2b>+5>A4F9
T2E_69FQ(JNJ>]9+>U6I(BJF
I(4bv~+F>.OE21HD+V?>U(U
>]9Bb15JK>?J$4V(U)
 cw r66BL1H>]9Bb94b4V3gB>A4F9
T21H4O>?>(@
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TT  3  3/  J2  >.  [9  ,\  4{>  1@(  1?  J  E  [$
cwwt[FD(E>+,\1]r3936@1@(>
>]9+1,P>A4F9;T2Xe+91,\93:3/k(f>8>L9(
@(<29f•T
 t`5>?D(e4Lk3>:O33/J2
>.6@1@(>5>9€93(Q1H>I;>:O6F5>9?
J2>.
 t]`jJF•>6XFD(>249+V>.
OJY33/J2>.,\11,P>AF(X1)
‚M(y6F5>>+b1#
 t]+(ƒ(;X43j>2493:>>1@(>
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Q6O>
 t[FD(E4OJO"93>9>]9+
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 !t[FQ9Fƒ(;>]9+>A4F9;T2>I
5>T2,\>(1,P4VT,-TT33/J2>.
 !t `5>FD(E>+,\1]+J+B(2&
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 !!t`5>?D(,\K>"/>2493:+1\
E5>9(5>{>Q2@4;Fy@>+D>I(5>Z
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  !t[FD(E5>4OJO1Q9[9>
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OF1H>$1SD(JYT,-TT_>+69]4O
B>+(Y

 w!t`5>T_,\"y9+1\5>L4•3(Q1,P>A
F>:•T2>+D1,P>+_6]>I>+,N)6F>:O1@(>
>(569]F
 t`5>T_v( >(^39"F6F,\T_F
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 t?D(,\Fƒ(;E>A3j„r99l
3(QQ‚11H3gBT2,\4{>(>I33/J2>.1U
>]9+>A4F9;>L9(@(E4O)469]4OQ
(
 t[FD(,\Fƒ(;Q‚11H>]9+
1,P?33/J2>.1@(>
p>>Tt……„„„39JL>9…J…9B(6L3TT†
}6L‡+>6LˆL‡L„3ˆ3B‡w&q
VII. TIẾN TRÌNH THỰC HIỆN
 KT?p ……wq
 K1Y>Fp ……wq
 T?T)>.1Y>FX6KT1Y,-p……wq
 Q/9mQAEu/JJYY,-p……wq
 G__Y,-p……wq
 0)    O  J  9  >I  >F  J  >L9  5  B(  Y  ,-
p……wq
 ^PTF6O(>I3JF>L+L>p……w=w……wq
 ^PT4FJA>>FT@pw……wq
 9Fy4F4996@p ……wq
 Q/9mQAEu/JJY4F499p&……wq
 Gg_JF9Fy4F4996@p……wq
VIII. NỘI DUNG
III.4 SINH SẢN VÔ TÍNH TỰ NHIÊN
III.1.3Hình Thức Sinh Sản Vô Tính Tự Nhiên ở Động Vật Không Xương
III.1.1.1 /tT>>+U1E6N3‰> +\

QW->UZ+9JF>+,\PTX>U9Q2 +\
QW->UZX$PT>F5>>KT19FF
F6NpM(@>U32X>KT19Fi9J9kŠqp0
X0]ic0$X XCông nghệ sinh học
người và động vậtq
Hình 1.Hydra
>>Tt……L3996L9J…+L3†
(+6‡>>Tt……„„„+9+T9…3TL496…B+…B+9‹9…B+…B+l
ŒTˆ+L}(+6‡>>Tt……„„„+9+T9…3TL496…B+…B+9‹9…B+
…B+l
>ˆ(3‡••r"[•&Tv[G'L9xƒuŽ'‹z4Œ•‡ˆ‡!ˆ„‡!ˆ3‹‡ˆ
6‡Jˆ3>+>‡!ˆ>4B‡4M!ŒG[sr`tˆ>4‡wˆ>4„‡wˆT+LJ‡…L
3•sM•xB+• 4J•x• 6•xJ• 3•xu
*G3/4V/eE>D
>>Tt……L3996L9J…+L3†
(+6‡>>Tt……„„„4969„(3>6LB(…T6>…3T6L6633>L3ŒTˆ+L}(+6‡
>>Tt……„„„39JL>9…J…9B(6L3TT•sL•xL„3• }6L
•x+>6L• 3B
•x&ˆ(3‡••L!x•u(Tr••(T>‹0ƒ+‘„wGƒ‡ˆ‡ &ˆ„‡!ˆ3‹‡!
ˆ6‡Jˆ3>+>‡ˆ(‡ˆ>4B‡B>v!&}wQz`tˆ>4‡ˆ>4„‡!ˆT+LJ‡…
L3•sM•x>•[••[[•T•"•[!•w9•[[••"i96J9k
• 6•xJ• 3•x• (•x
Hình 2.Tập đoàn có hình
cầu với hàng nghìn tế bào
III.1.1.2 0)/t[>UZT)+>FY(T@4V(X
T@T>+U>F>UN/M(RT)4V*>DFn
(1;>X-1@($>>)3‰>]9>F>UNX1@(JF-M(>/3‰
*>F>+,NQ>U4;ZT)/x]4A>f(Q1,P>fe
4>4Ut5>3;>A4F9(4O>>+e>F@X@1,P/
T?XT>>+U>F>UNp0X0]ic0$X X

Công nghệ sinh học người và động vậtq
>>Tt……L3996L9J…+L3†
(+6‡>>Tt……L36B9J…L3…(T69BLB…J(…w………l
ŒTˆ+L}(+6‡>>Tt……„„„6B9J…ww&&0[&&…l
l9ll6(9>lQl>l
M(>ˆ(3‡•••6`G•"s}}}x`+|'r[ƒ6`‡ˆ‡ˆ„‡!ˆ3‹‡
!ˆ6‡Jˆ3>+>‡ˆ(‡ˆ>4B‡Lu‹([B``tˆ>4‡wˆ>4„‡!ˆT+L
J‡…L3•sM•x•[[•w•"M(•[[•• 6•xJ• 3•xu
• (•x
Hình 3. Hải quỳ
III.1.1.3 )12t*>FL9>{>XT)1Y(>A4F9f>JF)
p>+#4A*X>+#1AFŠqp0X0]ic0$X X
Công nghệ sinh học người và động vậtq
Hình 4. Một tế bào ban đầu, nhân phân chia, tế bào chất phân chia và hình thành
2 tế bào mới.
>>Tt……„„„LQ3Q9+…}(6>…Œ4(Q6L…+L49…>933M‹>6
III.1.1.4 3t?6FO>,P>>]95>T@->UQ4(’9]
Y(F>f+~e394UtQ41D>f>5>XF3‰1,P6]
"/>)3:>3,JI2>/Q21,P
kL6F33/J*Q2>]>UN
,>+95>3;>+,\PTXC939
4U?>+XQ4{>>FY(T@>*
_/W?B.5>T@>+(>)3‰>3>F_939
4UNO>,PF.6F5>QU(33/J2>.p0X
0]ic0$X XCông nghệ sinh học người và động vậtq
*G94U Asterias amurensis
p0X0]ic0$X XCông nghệ sinh học người và động vậtq
III.1.1.5 +3/tF3:T>>+U>U>+,e>F>I>+DQ2>
>X“6FQ2?3:>E>>+#Xy?)(
>JF93:T>>+UO>,P>+3/T^4Ae15JK>4K

>fT ( />searchcourse=trinh+s%E1%BA%A3n)
HÌnh 6. So sánh sự khác nhau giữa trứng bình thường và trứng trinh sản
#>(5JF9>+]>B>+(YE>+DQ3:T>>+UET24{>1@(F
?*>D>+3/t1-45JF6,745
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truyền học)
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>.>+]JF9]>15,91:QL3>+9L>c9$6]?4U(O
,9
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4*>,\1Hk(f>O5>>’6Of>1>+DF,Y1,P>>pF>)
>+{"L6J3q,J”?Q/cT>>+U>FT2n5>3;69FQX
3:>+3/?_4A>@(JF1,P96F>+3/Q29F>9FX49
O>,P”(3p9LL33qXT3pB+9LL33qJF>+3/
p4+9LL33q
 `”(3tu@;3:>+3/>,NX>U91,P3/3#-
A,>+3/X,>+D@T/1,PQ.9]>4e5>>>+#
1UT>>+U(X>>+#Q21??T4f>QR(6O(B
>+(YF99>AO99n_M(@>U>A(91:X3:9]>?
>+D1,P>:O4V93‰9T;JN_91:E
69FF91??M(O@Cf>
O>,P”(31,P(443
T>OJF9cwe69F
  J,P  1•  9  `966LL3
}9+93JF3( 1?u969J3QX
v239Jpw&!q->3OeBA4]p[+33(3(+>(34L69q`5>
QR;>(5;43>9C33/>L9*>D”(3X
aB#1^Q$?3:>>>:3:4e91:X,+f>A
pQ9/5>T@>+O(>+,\PT9T;qX1Y(F$T1^NJ;
L69F
*R2Ambystoma
pz"9+>Xq
 03t)6FM(>+*>]9+5>>U6,745yD>2>B
>+(YE91:B9JKXM(@>U69FT3y49_9
1:>+#E$3‰1,P>>JN>+DE69F?M(O

@C[‚X 69F946633‰ >>JN >+DE69F
[T+(3+T91U>]9PT>gXPT>gT>>+U>]9>FT202y
D(6O(B>+(YE91:X94663v~+FX94663y
,P>+DE[T+(3+T91UT>>+U69F
 +3//tY(>/6F>+3/6X4eO>,PFQ2
9F>9F6F33/J2>.Fb?>.f>4BbXgBb
pL696qXJN5>g45L1,P>+(Y9>AO>AT>L9JF5>
gb6]1,P>>A
+9_69F>+3//X99T;JN91:JF/1Y(
1??T(6O(B>+(Y99E$,Q_9
>+,e>FX>+DB9$3/k(f>Q2D(6O(B
>+(Y>IXFD5>4/39.k(6O(B>+(Y>IZ
ƒ(>+*33/>AT>>*D>AO3‰5>gJ;B>+(Y
>IZJF5>gJ;B>+(Y>I
*>D?>+>,\>feE09L69T33
*w
p0X0]ic0$X XCông nghệ sinh học người và động vậtq
III.5 SINH SẢN VÔ TÍNH NHÂN TẠO - NHÂN BẢN VÔ TÍNH
III.2.3Khái Niệm
)4/J2>.6FQj>(K>>]9+5>>UNFQ2@3:QA>PT_
9>g1:JFXFy@5>>U1-6•?Y(1U>:O
,?1,P1>’6O>F2JFT^4A6F>T2JF
(U)
III.2.4Phân Loại

III.2.2.1 Tách PhôipŽ4+9GT6>>q
T2t `5>T21,P>pJ>+9q4VJ>9>>FT@p
Y(-q6FQj>(K>>T2X1,PT>>+U1@(>4er66B3Lpw&wq
JNT2I(JFFF1,P4A1^X9F>O1UTJc(2X6F
>c3;6,PT2

III.2.2.1.2 Tách phôi làm đôi
02?>U1,P>4e6,7B9Wp+9Q}Lqpr663JF3XwqX9a
4VCTTL>>L>E>p|‹6JFJ3Xwhr66B3LJFu9BQLXw!q(
X5>JF>+,\PTX?>U>T2>F!T@>,-1;4V
(023(Q1,P>6F12pT2g•6}lL4+9q9a1,P44e
F•09aQ2X>+,NQ1,P(UJF9ZK
’6O>>+9>+,\PTFQ(12$>n5>3;69FX
T2gT/1,P1a>JF9>+9F•04e$?k(,NQA>PTJFB(
PTJF9(Q>ATk$X*>FT2Q/6N-[,?4VD
F9JY_QAQ(A>3(Q3C,_4f>>,\Q4U(
Oe>AO9Q>:OM(>+*F[?>U3gBY(T,-
TT1U>T2e19]Q(X‚]B#L‹LpT,-
TT?qhA(>;JK>6mp3()X63L+Šq>4V>15-
p3gBB9TTL>>Lq(T,-TT-J”1,P96F>O
BJF>9F-/
 Y(QOET2
[yT21,Pk1{{6FT>>+U4*>,\
u19](;ET2B)(pT2B)(Fq9a19]1@(ET2pT2
3NqXQQ;>A4F91E6NJF,4O>?3‰9QA>M(/>129-
Hình 10. Hai con bê đầu tiên ra đời từ kỹ thuật cắt phôi tại Việt Nam
Viện chăn nuôi quốc gia – Từ Liên, Hà Nội, 2005
A(>e19]T2B)(Xy@Q;@T2hA({>e
19]T2X@$m9FT@)+X>*T@6(2p>+9T9463>q
CT/1,P>Q€{>T2e19](5-X>A4F9
T21H4O>?*>F6T2X6$Fk3(f>95>->U
>+JZQ?1,P1/4/9X>2>,\>4A>>+,NQ3
Hình 11. Cắt phôi làm đôi
a. cắt phôi giai đoạn phôi dầu già b.cắt phôi giai đoạn blastocys sớm
4 9>Qj>(K>
ƒ(1U>Df>ty{>)X3(1?>+/gT21?JF9F•0>+,N

Q(2f
ƒ(1U>Dt3(Q>p>,\6FT2Fq1LT21fX
Q2@1,JF9F•0
[?1U;1T2X>Df>t9T24JF911“>9>
p,>+*4Fe>+qh>Dt3gB96BTTL>>L;1
T2#5>6$>]J>+.@(399>(K>O>9>[$m
K4A>p>;>f>6F1Bf(q1U>+@6”>+9>9>_T2>;>
p6f)qJFT2b6]y1U6fJW
9>T2>L9M(1U>Df> pqp4qx9{>x9{>0TL>>L_
`F•09/Q2M(9H>,-(29T2A4F9;
T2

T21,P;1XB#6,7B9{>F>+93(;>Xe+5JA>{>
4VTTL>>L]>XB#+9TTL>>L$>)T2p@T2q+9F[;
1)T21U{>6FT@$>5>g1,>+e6]F>+93(;>
JI{>XbgQ1,JF9F>+93(;>QE>+D1H69])>+,N
1?[F>+93(;>3‰>:$F{6]3(1?1U4/9JOT2p|‹6JF
J3XwqL9Ž63BL6JFGLBL6pwqQ2@1,)T2+9FG(
Q;1T2X{>eF>+93(;>JF>AF)T2Q
$be>+9F$>5>g)+9FfJF95>FQ
E>+D1H69])Xg)b6]1H?3–FE.?g
T2?>+3‰T>>+U4*>,\>FT2N\>AF
FF>;>X;{>+9Q9/T$>95>T2pi69JJF
3Xw&q[@$mQ(UT2JF9JW>+DX>+Q21U>A4F93?>X
+-+
Hình 12. Cắt phôi theo quan điểm thứ nhất
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0L>+
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T23‰4k(;1E1“
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1,P{>p1Y(QU6,7B9(U15XBD>Q9>q
l[(UT23B(B(2fQ]A>15]X
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/T,-TT>+T/1/4/9gT2?1,P.>f>>I!1A
!•Q;>A4F9T2b(JZY(F@6,(m,\>9>JY
JO6:B{>
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1,P(2f>+92>+,\N>Il\>+,NQ1Lf
 /c3;ET2gp6}lL4+9q
*(XA({>T26F12JF(UJF9ZK>*3;6,P99
>]9+9-39JNfT2(pB93;6,P1,P>.(>cfT
12qX,+~+FXQ/c3;ET2g>fT-T2(X6m
B9,1,P>*U(Qj[?>UJ*3Q;>A4F9T2g.>-T2
(>.O(>]9+QJN9F>UA(-.O(F+f>@
>A>93:B(>+*XT>>+UE>3(F
Hình 13. Cắt phôi theo quan điểm thứ 2
G(Q1,P>]9+XT2g?>U1,P(UJF9ZKE#
69FeB]>,-1,JF9126]1U4/9M(/,(m+V_>^
>,-E126]X/12F6FQ/c3;ET2g/1
-_
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III.2.2.1.2 Tách phôi thành từng tế bào riêng rẽ

 uN>O(
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19]3Np>,\6Fl!>A4F9qJF>A4F93‰T>>+Up>+9
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(>{EQj>(K>F
_>.O>]9Bb15JK>4V>T2>F>A4F9++‰
1@(>1,P4{>1@(>I>AQ’'•'cwX3x+L31H>+\
>A4F9T219]>A4F9E.4Up3L(+q4V6{JN
,N4UX_>A4F9+\1HT>>+U>F_>U+4O>-
,\c3(X5>>.O>,->:JNQA>M(/C>,->:1,P6KT6]
4e3GTLX,>+1;>,PQR2
[>.O>\1?,QU39>1,PO>15C,O>;>9
>X?f>,>;>XQ*H3:DBET,-TTF>+
15JK>_(CF2>T21@(>>+3$JN1.
)_69F?>+1,P>AF4er663BLpw&wqJF|‹6
JF3pwqAXQj>(K>F1H1,PDB>F2e(5>FX
(5>;X>WXI(X4bXL9JFQyvL3(3
4 ƒ(>+*
 ]9T2t[T2e19]3NXT2F?>U1,P
>(K4V5+g>g(9JK>>]9+>+9
Tb>.O
 +\>A4F9t[>A4F919]F6QA>JN(
QA(1U>+\$X?>UB#L‹L>+T39a
6{Z>+92>+,\^O>X1>\Q2?9
[
—
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—


 ??>A4F9T2tU>A4F9T>>+U>FT2X$
1,P494e6NT•0[•0?>U1,P>]9+4V$>4W
9H4F9E>A4F9>+D#69FQ69FX9a•0)
>]9
 (2ft(2T2J>+91A19]463>93>JFf
>+(YJF9ZK1H)15B1T
p0X0]ic0$X XCông nghệ sinh học người và động
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III.2.2.1.3 Ý nghĩa
 iO>c3;6,PT24b>I5>T241@($T9,\c
(2?Y(4-X1a4O>6F_4;(JYB>+(Y
Y(F+f>?6P9JO1.kQU(B>+(Y9a5>
A(>;F91?E1Y(QO9]/X/,e1Ac3(f>
QU(*pTL9>TLqEJK>(2?(`5>aT312#
>+D?>+4V/?1;Dl9aY(-4
4*>,\Q
 T2$T9JOk1N>.3NEJK>(2
 u$T9Jf1YD(-4/JFDBQT>>+U
(X3;6,PT2>c6>IQj>(K>>X{>Q2Y(
`5> A 6,P>9>  Q 1,P 1, + 6F  (U ) >A 4F9
p(6L+>+3}L+qf)>A4F9p(6L+>+3T6>>9q
*!˜T>9>>T2(5>19]>A4F94V
+9TTL>>L
p0X0]ic0$X XCông nghệ sinh học người và động
vậtq
III.2.2.2 Chuyển Nhânp(6L++3}L+q
[(U)pq=(6L+>+3}L+pQJN(ULlLL>+3}L+q6F5>
T,->D1U*EJ>9>>+9>]9BbJ2>.JNJ>>
>+#X)>A4F93B,7E->U>+,e>FpE>A4F9T2q1,P
>(KJF(UJF9>+D>+,e>Fp1H69]4W)qj>(K>F$T

>]9Bb>A4F9NXJFA(>AT>T>>+UX5><T2<N3‰*>F
1U9+5>>UN>2M(fT2[>U9+1\?5><4/39<
x.kE.->UZ1H(fT(>A4F93B,741@(
?>+9FJ>X>9>(U)?>Ub1,PQA>PT>+P4V
Qj>(K>k(1OQ[(U)6F5>>+9Qj>(K>M(>+E
2O>]9BbJ2>.X,Q26FT/Qj>(K>B(f>[‚]?
>U>AF>T2pb6F3:T2qX>+3/1U>]9BbJ2>.
15JK>
III.2.2.2.2 Giới thiệu
[(U)6FQj>(K>>L;>E2O>]9Bb15JK>F>+9
1?4U(O1y96F3/TSE)4/p69qJ2>.n5>
3;15JK>X1H?_>A4F9T23N,4O>?JF/>A4F91H4O>
?JND159E->U>+,e>F1,P3gB(U)>F
2+9_c@1@X2O(U)E>A4F9T21,P
DB>+(5>Q3gB_>A4F9;T2>(K>I6NT•[`X
T219]463>93>G(1?XY(QU(>A4F91H4O>?>(K>I
T2X>>A4F9E->U>+,e>Fpr6(>JF3Xww&q1,PQ
>JF3gB1U(U)
Hình 15. Quá trình chuyển nhân tạo cừu Dolly
G:+1\EI(x966,6F5>>(A>JY>.>9FcE>A4F93
B,7>+,e>F1He+Y(-5NJF,NN>+9
D(I1?+1\>(K>_8[(U)>A4F93B,7<pG9>
L66(6L+>+3}L+•G[qJF8[(U)>A4F9T2<pL4+9L66
(6L+>+3}L+•ŽGqL9>+*>:>\X3(I(x966X_15
JK>Q6@6,P>1,P>]9BbJ2>.4V(U)>A4F9t(5>{>
prQJF3XwwqX4b>(@p>9JF3XwwqXBp096LŒLJJF3X
qXI(+Ip9JF3XqX4b+I=(+pL+JF3XqX
>Wp[L3•JF3XqX€9pGJF3XqX4b4L>Lp["GL„3
G>9+L3XqX6pr99B3JF3XqX:pu66JF3XqX(5>p•9(
JF3XqŠ9F+XT2463>93>C1H1,P>]9BbJ2>.>I>A

4F93B,7,>+)("(46(34(463pGQ(JF3XqXGL+(3
}}L+p>+)([)(0qp`>3Q‹JF3X!qX6B,-(+9>+(39+k
p`>3Q‹JF3X!qC1,P>]9BbJ2>.>I>A4F93
B,7e69F6>+,epQ2T/,\qpJF3X!q"99JY
>F2>+9>]9Bbe?1@(>JF9>!ceFM(;
+9Qj>(K>>]9BbJ2>.?XJ>+bE>A4F9>+DJF(QRQ
(O>?/,e+f>6NJF>A>+*.E>+D?12$>Q4O>
JN69FQ
III.2.2.2.2 Nguyên lý và quy trình cơ bản
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Hình 16. Loại nhân tế bào trứng
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