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Systems Analysis and Design
Systems Analysis and DesignSystems Analysis and Design
Systems Analysis and DesignSystems Analysis and Design
Systems Analysis and DesignSystems Analysis and Design
Systems Analysis and Design
Alan Dennis, Barbara Haley Wixom, and Roberta Roth
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Alan Dennis, Barbara Haley Wixom, and Roberta Roth
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Slides by Candace S. Garrod
Red Rocks Community College
Application Architecture
Application ArchitectureApplication Architecture
Application ArchitectureApplication Architecture
Application ArchitectureApplication Architecture
Application Architecture
Chapter 8
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Chapter 8
Key Definitions
Key DefinitionsKey Definitions
Key Definitions
Architecture design
Plans for how the system will be distributed
across computers and what the hardware
and software will be used for each computer
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition

Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
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and software will be used for each computer
Hardware and software specification
Describes the hardware/software
components in detail to aid those
responsible for purchasing those products.
ELEMENTS OF AN
ELEMENTS OF AN ELEMENTS OF AN
ELEMENTS OF AN ELEMENTS OF AN
ELEMENTS OF AN ELEMENTS OF AN
ELEMENTS OF AN
ARCHITECTURE DESIGN
ARCHITECTURE DESIGNARCHITECTURE DESIGN
ARCHITECTURE DESIGNARCHITECTURE DESIGN
ARCHITECTURE DESIGNARCHITECTURE DESIGN
ARCHITECTURE DESIGN
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Architectural Components
Architectural Components Architectural Components
Architectural Components
(Functions) of Software
(Functions) of Software(Functions) of Software
(Functions) of Software
Data storage
Data access logic
Processing required to access stored data
Application logic

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
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Application logic
Processing logic of the application
Presentation logic
Information display and user command
processing
Architectural Design Purpose
Architectural Design PurposeArchitectural Design Purpose
Architectural Design Purpose
Determine what parts of the application
software will be assigned to what
hardware.
Hardware options:
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
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Hardware options:
Clients
Input/output devices employed by users
PCs, laptops, handheld devices, cell phones
Servers
Larger computers storing software
Accessible by many users
Server
ServerServer
Server-

-Based Architectures

Based ArchitecturesBased Architectures
Based Architectures
Mainframe
Minicomputer
Microcomputer (personal computer)
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
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Microcomputer (personal computer)
Client
ClientClient
Client-

-Based Architectures
Based ArchitecturesBased Architectures
Based Architectures
Terminals
Microcomputer (personal computer)
Special purpose terminals(ATMs,
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
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Special purpose terminals(ATMs,
kiosks, Palm Pilots, and many
others)
Client
ClientClient
Client-

-Server Architectures

Server ArchitecturesServer Architectures
Server Architectures
Server-based Architecture
Client-based Architecture
Client
-
server based Architecture
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
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Client
-
server based Architecture
Server
ServerServer
Server-

-Based Architecture
Based ArchitectureBased Architecture
Based Architecture
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Client
ClientClient
Client-

-Based Architecture
Based ArchitectureBased Architecture
Based Architecture

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Client
ClientClient
Client-

-Server Architecture (Two
Server Architecture (TwoServer Architecture (Two
Server Architecture (Two-

-Tiered)
Tiered)Tiered)
Tiered)
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
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Client
ClientClient
Client-

-Server Attributes
Server AttributesServer Attributes
Server Attributes
Benefits
Scalable
Scalable Scalable
Scalable
Works with multiple
Works with multiple Works with multiple

Works with multiple
vendors/products
vendors/products vendors/products
vendors/products
through
through through
through
middleware
middlewaremiddleware
middleware
Limitations
Complexity
New programming
languages and
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
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vendors/products
vendors/products vendors/products
vendors/products
through
through through
through
middleware
middlewaremiddleware
middleware
Improved modularity
Improved modularity Improved modularity
Improved modularity
of web

of webof web
of web-

-based
based based
based
systems
systemssystems
systems
No central point of
No central point of No central point of
No central point of
failure
failurefailure
failure
languages and
techniques (adds
stress for
personnel)
More complex to
update
Three
ThreeThree
Three-

-Tiered Client
Tiered ClientTiered Client
Tiered Client-

-Server

Server Server
Server
Architecture
ArchitectureArchitecture
Architecture
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
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Four
FourFour
Four-

-Tiered Client
Tiered ClientTiered Client
Tiered Client-

-Server
Server Server
Server
Architecture
ArchitectureArchitecture
Architecture
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
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N
NN
N-

-Tiered versus 2

Tiered versus 2Tiered versus 2
Tiered versus 2-

-Tiered Client
Tiered ClientTiered Client
Tiered Client-

-
Server Architectures
Server ArchitecturesServer Architectures
Server Architectures
Benefits
Separates
processing to
better balance
Limitations
Greater load on
the network
More difficult to
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
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better balance
load on different
servers
More scalable
More difficult to
program and test
Your Turn
Your TurnYour Turn

Your Turn
Consider the course registration
system at your university:
What computing architecture does it use?
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
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What computing architecture would you
use if you were replacing it today?
CREATING AN
CREATING AN CREATING AN
CREATING AN CREATING AN
CREATING AN CREATING AN
CREATING AN
ARCHITECTURE DESIGN
ARCHITECTURE DESIGNARCHITECTURE DESIGN
ARCHITECTURE DESIGNARCHITECTURE DESIGN
ARCHITECTURE DESIGNARCHITECTURE DESIGN
ARCHITECTURE DESIGN
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
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Selecting an Architecture Design
Selecting an Architecture DesignSelecting an Architecture Design
Selecting an Architecture Design
Lower costs often used to justify
choice of client-server
Recommended selection process:
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Recommended selection process:
Expand nonfunctional requirement
details
Base architecture selection on the
detailed nonfunctional requirements
Operational Requirements
Operational RequirementsOperational Requirements
Operational Requirements
Type of Requirement Definition Examples
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Performance Requirements
Performance RequirementsPerformance Requirements
Performance Requirements
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
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Security Requirements
Security RequirementsSecurity Requirements
Security Requirements
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Cultural/Political Requirements
Cultural/Political RequirementsCultural/Political Requirements
Cultural/Political Requirements
Type of Requirement Definition Examples
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition

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Designing the Architecture
Designing the ArchitectureDesigning the Architecture
Designing the Architecture
Technical environment
requirements, driven by business
requirements, often define the
application architecture
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
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application architecture
If not, other nonfunctional
requirements become important
Nonfunctional Requirements and their
Nonfunctional Requirements and their Nonfunctional Requirements and their
Nonfunctional Requirements and their
Implications for Architecture Design
Implications for Architecture DesignImplications for Architecture Design
Implications for Architecture Design
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
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