Unit 4: Language focus- 0988 055 990

PRONUNCIATION
PRONUNCIATION
/w/ /j/
we wheel yes years
west wet yellow use
wine whale young York
GRAMMAR
GRAMMAR
•
Exercise 1: Complete each of the
following sentences with an appropriate
gerund of the verbs from the box.
spend behave wait park
start bend meet listen
Example:
He found that parking was difficult
in that city.
•
1- I have no objection to _______ to your story
again.
•
2- Touch your toes without _________ your
knees!
•
3- You should be ashamed of yourself
for_________ so badly.
•
4- I am looking forward to _________ you.
•

5- You can’t prevent him from ________ his
own money.
•
6- Would you mind _________ for a moment?
•
7- In spite of __________ late, we arrived in
time.
listening
bending
behaving
meeting
spending
waiting
starting
The gerund can be used in the
following ways
1. As subject of sentence (in example)
2. As complement of a verb
3. After prepositions (in number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
and 6)
4. After certain verbs ( in number 6)
5. In noun compounds
•
The techniques of Exercise 2 are similar
to those of Exercise 1
•
Teacher explains the uses of present
participle in some of the sentences and
help students with the structures
Exercise 2: Complete of the following

sentence with an appropriate present
participle of the verb from the box
lie modernize shop pass prepare
rise try read burn
Example :
I saw him ________ my house
-I saw him passing my house
1. She smelt something _______ and saw
smoke _________
2. If she catches you _______ her diary,
she’ll be furious.
3. The found a tree _______ across the
road.
4. I’m going ________ this afternoon.
5. He doesn’t spend much time ________
his lessons.
6. They wasted the whole afternoon
_______ to repair the bike.
7. They spend a lot of money __________
the house.
burning
rising
reading
lying
shopping
preparing
trying
modernizing
Some of the uses of present participle
Some of the uses of present participle

1. After verbs of sensation (see, hear, feel,
smell, listen to, notice, watch)
2. After catch/ find/ leave+ O
3. After go/ come/ spend/ waste/ be busy
4. To replace a clause
Ex: He entered the room and saw a
stranger.
 Entering the room, he saw a stranger.
Comments
Comments
The difference between gerund and present
participle
•
Gerund: used as a noun equivalent
•
Present participle: more like a verb or an
adjective
Exercise 3: Put the verb in brackets into the
perfect gerund or perfect participle
**Example:
He was accused of _______ (desert) his
ship two months ago.
_ He was accused of having deserted his
ship two months ago.
Perfect Gerund and Perfect
Perfect Gerund and Perfect
Participle
Participle
•
A perfect gerund / participle is used instead of

a gerund/ participle when we want to
emphasize the completion of the action
Gerund Perfect Gerund
We are happy about your
completing all your
assignments
We are happy about your
having completed all your
assignments
Participle Perfect Participle
Finishing the work, they
went home
Having finished the
work, they went home.
1. I object to him having made (make) private calls on the
office phone.

PERFECT GERUND
PERFECT GERUND
2. Having been (be) his own boss for such a long time, he
found it hard to accept orders from another.

PERFECT PARTICIPLE
PERFECT PARTICIPLE
3. They denied having been (be) there.
 PERFECT GERUND
4. Having tied (tie) one end of the rope to his bed, he threw
the other end out of the window.

PERFECT PARTICIPLE

PERFECT PARTICIPLE
5. Having read (read) the instruction, he snatched up the fire
extinguisher.

PERFECT PARTICIPLE
PERFECT PARTICIPLE
6. The children admitted having taken (take) the money.

PERFECT GERUND
PERFECT GERUND
CONSOLIDATION
CONSOLIDATION
•
Scoring and rewarding
•
Asking students some questions about the
similarities and the differences between
gerund/ perfect gerund and participle/
perfect participle
HOMEWORK
HOMEWORK
Write 5 sentences using gerund and 5
sentences using participle
THANK YOU VERY MUCH
THANK YOU VERY MUCH
FOR YOUR ATTENTION
FOR YOUR ATTENTION