Tiểu luận môn Mạng Máy Tính Bridge, Switch Spanning Tree Protocol

Bridge, Switch & Spanning Tree Protocol



Bridge
Bridge
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 !"#$%$&' !(!)*!+&,,'-!.+.!/'0!+12&)3'4,02 '*!
,,,5$5,671!+&)0) ,81
•
9+6.!+):;,41,(61<,"*)='
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'):;,,02 4>..!/9+6.>?6@,A, BCDEBF)0!+,G4>..!4
!+3!H
Bridge
I)0
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+):;,41,(6J) !K!L$:;!M)1,1A/4'L(, >M$:;,,N!,O
:4P)#1$
•
B!0' !M,,-!.+.!$(',14$*!! !"#$:!+Q4,02 
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+>M!'L,R"S!'T>7!1)K)M4%,,161!.+UD,81,,>!
Bridges: lọc khung, chuyển tiếp khung
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U5,
!+3!+&,P*!UDV>..!'L):;,,02 ) UDV>..!',
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B02 
U! )0" !):;,,02 *!') UDV>..!W
Lọc khung

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9+6.>XY5,Z):;,,!0):;,' !M!%!L[116=V\bảng lọc
•
G):;,'/"+6.Y5,Z4#!+],81:<?,UD>..!
•
9+6.4#!+]:<?4bảng lọc
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B,@,!+bảng lọc
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6.UDD66+.>>/9+6.^!.+_1,./.!1
Hoạt động của Bridge
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9+6.+,.6+.`aCDB/a+!/!aCDBb
.!c$!.+!1"$.! Ed$.1+dE
$'c$!.+!1"$.+.,.4.
`!a+!!41$6b Ed.!+_6_+6.>212dE
e6f  E* forward on all but the interface on   which the frame arrived*/
 Ed6.>212>UDg, _+1.g1>+.,.4.6dE
6+!._+1.
`!a+!>41$6b Ed.!+_6_+6.>212dE
_+g1+6!._+1.!.+_1,.6,1!.
U.,!+.h i
Ví dụ về quá trình “học” của Bridge
B?'!%F4F!+H$<$("j'?!%B

B?'/"+6.'L,!L243F/&)k'+1!S!,H,,,K
❍
9+6.%+jBl+!m
❍
"#"n[1l>..!M4%+!h

❍
):;,FG
U.,!+.h io
Ví dụ về quá trình “học” của Bridge

F!(!+H$<,B/?
❍
9+6.G'?!pF
❍
9+6.$(+jFl+!q
❍
9+6.)r" !Bl+!m/&chỉ )k'+1+!m
Bm
Switch
I. Khái niệm
g!,,OM:*!9+6.:,3,H2 A
•
3,KA`.++!6.>!b/
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Hs?$21A`mt$$1,'.!>.+>.,6b<
•
?6@`D^B>bD$,12V>.,c,!.+1!.6,+,!>b/
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Bu1A/
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B!V!+>g!,>4%>!+.V16V_+g1+6,819+6./
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v+1.!V_+ >g!,
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B'H/

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w!+;UD
Khái niệm (tiếp)
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+L!1,3x^/>g!,(!)*l!R$&' !6Q$=/+1,*!>M$(>g!,,1,S(!)*
l!R(
II. Nguyên lý hoạt động của LAN Switches
UDg!,.>,(!)*
myU.1+
qyv$6
hyv+g1+6
yv$!.+
yD
1.Learning
•
zH>?D`6.Db!p>..!D!+36Q$=!%9`6.9bl>..!Byg!,>X$S6Q$=
!{S!!pDy>X)5,)#1,|CDB4$:!+$'!1"$.,>..!Dy:4G/>g!,"}
<,!0" !~6.Dl)}"S!'T$N,,2M!+3!%)y
2. Flooding
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>g!,'L" !6.9l)}/>X?2435>..!>(!+pA?`>..!Dby
!+>g!,?*!)!%!S!,H,,>..!>)0~6.)•,!+:):;,€$e6y6.9G
):;,4?!+l$(6.D4%>7!p1Gy
3. Forwarding
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9}<>g!,,R!&)#1,|CDB,816.94$'!1"$.,>..!By>g!,)r" !):;,)#1,|,816.D/
?!+7,2 !%)y9l46.Dl)R>..!',4%6.9/>g!,H' !Mq>..!>)0?2yz2
2 !.!p6.D!%6.9):;,,0!p>g!,yg!,"}<,O)r,):;,)#1,|6.9/&,!0,0
2 2!%!•9y
4. Filtering

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6.B?!L2!%>g!,,6.Dyg!,4)#1,|CDB,6.B4!&4$'
!1"$.,>..!Dyg!,)r,):;,)#1,|,6.D4s,)#,Hq6.l,P>..!yF)/
'L,R' !M>..!D!%*!>..!',)06Q$=,!0!+3!pB!%D
5. Aging
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FULLY SWITCHED NETWORKS
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
Bridging Loops
Vấn đề nảy sinh với các vòng
Học sai
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
m
m
q
q
D/m
D/m

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Lặp khung
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m
m
q
q
B/WW
B/WW