Quy tắc hàng hải (nautical rules of the road)

CHAPTER 1
NAUTICAL RULES OF THE ROAD
Nautical traffic laws
are known as the
Nautical Rules of
of the Road.
Nautical Rules of the Road were first
established in 1897 by all maritime
nations of the world. The latest major
revision was in 1972.
International
Inland
International Rules of the Road
The official name is The International
Regulations for Preventing Collisions
at Sea, 1972, or ―the 72 COLREGS.‖
Convention on the International
Regulations for Preventing Collisions
at Sea, 1972 (COLREGs)
The COLREGs include 38 rules divided
into five sections:
• Part A - General
• Part B - Steering and Sailing
• Part C - Lights and Shapes
• Part D - Sound and Light Signals
• Part E - Exemptions
The inland rules for the U.S. were
established by Congress under The
Inland Navigational Rules Act of 1980.
Inland Waters – Unified Rules
Purpose of

the Rules
Prevent
Collisions
The rules govern all
waterborne traffic.
Power Vessel
Propelled by
machinery, even
if under sail
Sailing Vessel
Under sail alone,
even if machinery
is aboard
A vessel is underway
when not:
• Anchored
• Moored to a dock
or buoy
• Aground
A vessel that is not anchored,
moored, or aground
It is not required that you are
moving or making way.
Underway
Both international and inland rules of
the road cover:
• Lights and shapes
• Sound signals
• Steering and sailing rules

• Distress signals
Maritime courts
of law use both
international and
inland rules after
a collision to
decide who will
pay for damages.
Display lights from sunset to sunrise
and in periods of restricted visibility.
Do not display lights that could be
mistaken for required lights.
Running Lights
(Port, Starboard, and Stern)
Running Lights
(Masthead and Range)
Any of various lights required to
be displayed by vessels operating
between sunset and sunrise
Running Lights
Running lights are white, red, and
green lights carried by all seagoing
power-driven vessels underway.
Masthead Light
225°
The white light in the fore part of the ship
is required for all ocean-going ships.
All-around white light.
Masthead Light
(Vessels less

than 12 meters,
39 feet)
360°
Range Light
(Vessels over 50 meters or 150 feet)
Masthead Light
Range Light
(15 feet higher than
Masthead Light)
Stern Light
A ship underway must display a white
stern light.
12 Pts.
135°
Running Lights
Port
Starboard
112.5°
112.5°
What side of a vessel is called the port
side, and what color is its sidelight?
What side of a vessel is called the
starboard side, and what color is its
sidelight?