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THỰC TRẠNG THU GOM, VẬN CHUYỂN VÀ XỬ LÝ RÁC THẢI Ở KHU DÂN CƯ PHƯỜNG AN CỰU THÀNH PHỐ HUẾ

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THỰC TRẠNG THU GOM, VẬN CHUYỂN
VÀ XỬ LÝ RÁC THẢI Ở KHU DÂN CƯ
PHƯỜNG AN CỰU - THÀNH PHỐ HUẾ
A – ĐẶT VẤN ĐỀ


 !"#$%&'()#*
+,-./%$#%0.1#
2./3,'%4564578
97:,*449;4
<) !#5#7'4# =%!+>,?
97>(@)44A(0'4B./
$,8%:7'4"(C
D'.!'',6# EF8G7D',6/
4,6/ =%
H',;#+'"(02I47.74
9;!J =%8'(02'?"5(
K#C+4F8&'(7L E4+%4".!
2B%C7;B$42M/D'&'',
N;+#4"5"('2O$79"!;!
J =%.35%$%P
(QR7%4+L/49,.)*4K4
7F/R+%',;::,802ST
9Q/'U2&'%7 =%4"6#/4"%U
+9G.)$:,*4;'
Chính vì thế, trong chiến lược bảo vệ môi trường, một trong những vấn
đề cần được quan tâm hàng đầu là các giải pháp quản lý và xử lý chất thải.
V9->J'%4"R7OW6(77$
5A'/H((2/X !"6Y78JZ
:5%45%P7T%,7U
['4#7D',67 =%9->J';2+2Z


F.9/>O&',)FF&'0ZK
RF8#47W#6K&',/P7$
;
[(7D,#UE4\"Thực trạng thu gom, vận chuyển và xử lý
rác thải ở khu dân cư phường An Cựu - Thành phố Huế".

]HO$/T
X ^0T9:#_B.`.!#2U9#
2UF&',)?"5":9->J'+O
79"!5#J =%2U&',(,
794(%4*44F '&'
X ?%8'46
X A5'42?"5Y)
64YP#',;Z%J
X >O&',)F&':4U40
a@5F#4WO#47W747;0'
X @5P\H((2':9->J'X5
A'/
X ?WO\
b41;4F%%'D#F%'D7 E4 I
J'47 =%8+"2/745
&'R62/749
bc#J'4#7D',67 =%
5A'/+'79->J'+;
bH(4F5'7J'4#7D
',62':0P4W;'O%2/
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!W =%>HrA\>K'^*|AQ"vT5M+
B2Oxw#HT,VF|A'/v-r>w#@[|Q-vrEw#A+
B2Oxw#HT,VF|A'/v-r>w#@[|Q-vrEw#A+
?|HVAC>O?v^r,E4w#rFH:,|AQ"vrEwA
?|HVAC>O?v^r,E4w#rFH:,|AQ"vrEwA
V_v8wxH',;#'&'/:'K+4"
V_v8wxH',;#'&'/:'K+4"
',;:'F#7(:,:,F',*44
',;:'F#7(:,:,F',*44
94,rFH:,#HT,VFx
94,rFH:,#HT,VFx
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HAŒQAVA•An‘
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A,#:>,HQAA?Hg>H@HA'/.u'B0
"7957%U}972/U7%U•9,4
''’E'24'"F6&',/ 7N"
D795P%4]\
X >\H'4#7D',62':>,P
J`}9,
X >]\m'I95r'2:J7'4#
7D',67 =%2':G/e&'E
95HRW9O# E"%';9

';7,9P.uK'7%U]]9,
6u#/DJ<R9+O
F%#:+6/784F
[B07957;4#E29&',)!
D+&'E9:BU9cB0'4#7D
',67.,!/PJ%" "#2/
72%4/4“&')F'
4#7D',6:,H',;#7B0'4
297;4!+4"5//'&''4#7D
',65\'29524
.;'&''4#&'I5#*:,
#:%47%47'22+2ZQ#
_8:/CTF'4
]m',( =%T,HQAA?Hg>H@HA'/
[9&',)# E',;WG%$,
)64D'2':#'+7.!H'”VF
H:,#4"KP74,U,#4,G
]%R'F77F\
X R'FGP =%.3:,',6 '$:
7H”%P =%%4:7W'"764#
O$T
X 7FGP.!6/%$
VK_%2P74,4ƒ.!6
/%$7(&',4T4,_/#z =%P4"$
T5

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Mô phỏng bằng hình ảnh quy trình thu gom rác thải sinh hoạt
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X Q9::0T4(77$.749
5 '&'
X Q9:P',;',#W7:%]%\
R'F77F
a[O>,HQAA?Hg>H@HA'/
X HZ;45Y"2':>,K
.5O%5YYP$6P'&'5'
7'4
X HZ;45 EF87D',6

X Q:D0T9:?9K$E
U&',)TQ8
X VO749K,BYP78)
9
C - KẾT LUẬN VÀ KIẾN NGHỊ
c/%'D

m'&'(;0'7(('4#7D',6# =%
T>,HQAA?Hg>H@HA'/;).9->J'UE4
D$,3#`Z4]{{~/Z4]{{#>,!5u4"&',
4";).5A'/+'79->J'+
;Z5 E7D',6# E4T#5Y"#
5:7L0T'K' ,T
9:
?27L_C4"5P64D0T9:
7LK,T7.749# =%7L
2#',;',7LPU#+J5P
GRO&',)F#,HQAA?Hg>H@HA'/7
9:9->J'
]c/)
X @578O&',)F9->J'\K/W',;
',:'"/789:77$ =%T"
(#4W;'R(74974(%7Z
#B7Z69:+6$$'J5F#C
9"."',;77$4934&'%
5F)F
X @5789:9->J'\>K5P78O&',
)F7>,?Hg>H@HA'/6+6%457$'
4c`:6'./77$49
'&'&'',U#.

X @578>,?Hg>H@HA'/\V2`:
"."#2',/2O;0'4('4#7D
',67 =%#4"K'/.)#',;',
9:0"69:+6*7
5P"'T,H964,7u
8K U/4(:%7"(34+
0'4+7/24O
[8  J  5  P T O  &',  )  F#  9 :  7  > ,
?Hg>H@HA'/Y78J&':4U•T$#
8#U3"'4#7D',67 =%
>,?Hg>H@HA'/G,4"5F#77$497
9->J',4.#'&'2/9
5A'/4%,P:
PHIẾU ĐIỀU TRA
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,;'K'T7D#UE4%44".6'%'D77$\
Thực trạng thu gom, vận chuyển và xử lý rác thải ở khu dân cư phường An
Cựu – thành phố Huế. $4PJ5P#U•T-v)w
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r5:2h'\xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

>:'\A,#-v)w =%T(4(.3\
•=%E5T>,497()A'/
HJ =%

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?Hg>H@HA'/(G =%/\
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>:'a\c5%P,T(-v)w%.;'\
^82H`¡]2H`]¡a2
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>:'f\H82B#(-v)w+:%2\
>+c
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?Hg>H@HA'/J2\
c%_N(9A%_
>:'•\cO4(-v)w">,?Hg>H@HA'/
4y%\xxxxxx
>:'€\-v)w+P',;',#B./77.749
2\
>+c
>:'}\-v)w+4.'B…79572'7J
'&':4O&',)F"2\
>+c
>:'‡\c/)T-v)w578>,?Hg>H@HA'/%\
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