Sử dụng phương pháp đánh giá nhanh, xác định lượng phát thải gây ô nhiễm không khí cho huyện Khoái Châu, thể hiện bằng GIS.
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Đồ án chuyên ngành
ĐỒ ÁN CHUYÊN NGÀNH
Sử dụng phương pháp đánh giá nhanh, xác định
lượng phát thải gây ô nhiễm không khí cho huyện Khoái
Châu, thể hiện bằng GIS.
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SVTH: Phạm Thị Thu Hường
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CHƯƠNG I : KHÁI QUÁT CHUNG VỀ HUYỆN KHOÁI CHÂU
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SVTH: Phạm Thị Thu Hường
Lớp: MTK7.1 Trang 17
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Những vấn đề về môi trường trong phát triển du lịch
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q&((2`&'KPcOKDL5HL&*…OF(š•Ol%h$F(jO(
2\5;<7[]#=
n.!"d&(Dy"F(d&'F(Qhp"RKHkf•Ok{K!$K($0E&{F(QK(qDOl%OjO(G
K(•&'I!"I+&(b!hp&'23DKR5KP$&'ˆ$jHd&'b!p"kK*•K(3DHDm" &(Dy"
F(d&'F(QhpF(QK(qDKŠOjOIp+D"j0fg0hc&'O€*`(+K-&'5(‡Ob‡h$I1O(
(pNOhpK,&'*•I2i&'f•Okb!OjO5(2€&'KDG&'DqDKPQ5(‡Ob‡h$F(jO((pNO
KŠˆ$jKP”&(H•KOjO&'$0/&IDG$&,&'I2i&'P•&ƒ&(2OlD{K(%&{ „HmHj5…&'
&($O-$bE&,&'I2i&'Ol%OjOO€*`h1O(b‡h$I1O(
n&(Dy"&24Oƒ&24O&'-"{&24O"NK„hpO(sKK(qD{F(%DK(jOK!D&'$0/&
F(d&'(i5IJ{F(d&'O•OjO'DqD5(j5F(%DK(jOK!D&'$0/&5(Ž(i5
n.!"K‰&(+DHL&(G*D&(bRKKc&(D/&ƒhpF(%DK(jOˆ$j"…OI!"K(cO
5(¢"{HzI2$&DG"{q&((2`&'HL&HDE$FDG&*•&'{ „
ng0d&(Dy"b!*$0K(pjDK!D&'$0/&HsK{HNO†DGKI!OjObŽ&'HsK&'R5
&24O{†j&&'R5&24OhpO(sKK(qDF(d&'H2iOfŸIJb!(DG&K2i&'f•DI`
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Đồ án chuyên ngành
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_=']
+ ($(§5hDG&KQO(*D&(*•&'Ol%Ok&'Hz&'hg&H1%5(2€&'
+ Dq"*…O*q&f$sKI2€&'K(cOOl%H1%5(2€&'ƒhpO($0m&H‰DO€Os$*Ÿ
h‡&'HsK{I%pHk&'b!&'!&(&'(E„
+ DL5OR&b4DOjOF(•F(,&bEK•O&'(°&'D%pK(d&'{KDL&'z&{d&(Dy"
F(d&'F(Q{ˆ$jKqDKPp&'h1O(b‡'D%pK(d&'
+ ]&((2`&'HL&*…OF(š•Ol%Ok&'Hz&'ƒd&(Dy"KŠO(sKK(qDP•&b!Iš&'{
OjO†G&(h1O(HL&KŠ&€DF(jO{†G&(f’(kD{ „ !PsK&(DE$OjOKjOHk&'O(2%
FmK4D{
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Đồ án chuyên ngành
CHƯƠNG II : CƠ SỞ LÝ THUYẾT
M 7 A.?w?\]
2.1.1. Định nghĩa chất thải
2.1.1.1. Định nghĩa
n(•p.$RKŒqpbG"dDKP23&'P%&'!0MSK(j&'77&,"Mvv:{O(sKK(qD
H2iOH1&(&'(x%—#C#1!F#Ca#H<bZ1cZ/#$78#<&Q@
9'CZ/#D*&#ZD"#!PZ@##*E#*d#*E2/#˜
2.1.1.2. Định nghĩa ô nhiễm môi trường không khí.
n&(Dy"F(d&'F(QI!*cO•"NK"kKO(sKI+(pNO"kK*c†DL&H‰Dˆ$%&
KP)&'KPp&'K(!&(5(-&F(d&'F(Q{I!"O(pF(d&'F(QF(d&'*+O((pNO'g0P%*c
Kpq"ŽD{O•"ŽDF(•O(1${'Dq"K-"&(”&f%ƒhp†‡D„
2.1.2. Phân loại và đặc điểm của các nguồn phát sinh chất thải.
& ]#=
- •DIŸ%&•DIŸ%5($&P%&(r&'&(%"K(+O(&•&'b!&(DE$F(•D†‡D'D!$
*$&‚$%{"/K%&b!&(r&'Ip+DF(QF(jO (d&'F(QO(…%†‡DI%&KpqHDPsK
f%b”&•H2iO5($&I/&PsKO%p
- (j0PŠ&'OjOHj"O(j0PŠ&'b!Hz&'Oš†`DOjOˆ$jKP”&(Kc&(D/&fq0
P%hp*s"O(45{O)*jK'Dr%K(q"K(cObRKF(d&(2KP•{Oš jOHj"O(j0
&!0K(23&'I%&KP$0E&Pk&'{5(jKK(qD&(DE$†‡Db!F(Q
- Œ’p†‡D'g0&/&hp'D•"+&(b!†’p{"2%†!p"–&HsK*%"+O{HsKKPz&'
b!'D•K(‰DK$&'I/&K(!&(†‡D 24O†Dm&†•O(€Db!OŽ&'b4D*•&'†Dm&
K$&'†)K"%&'K(•p†‡D"$•DI%&KP$0E&b!pF(d&'F(Q
- jOˆ$jKP”&(5(g&($¤{K(•DPr%fjOHk&'{K(cObRKKc&(D/&O“&'5(jK
K(qD&(DE$O(sKF(Q{OjO5(q&…&'(pj()O'Dr%&(r&'F(QKc&(D/&(”&(
K(!&(OjOF(Q*$&‚$%{&DKPDK{OjOIp+D"$•D{ jOIp+D†‡D{F(Q&!0HE$'g0
d&(Dy"F(d&'F(Q
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Đồ án chuyên ngành
(LK"$kDK(%&{†‡D{ˆ$jKP”&(K(sKK(pjK{P–P•KP/&hg0KP$0E&Od&'&'(G{OjOˆ$j
KP”&(bR&O($0m&OjO(•%O(sK†%0(€D{†‡D
¯NOHDm"&'$z&Od&'&'(DG5O•&z&'HkO(sKHkO(+DO%p{K(23&'KR5
KP$&'KPp&'"kKF(d&''D%&&(š Ž0K($kOb!pˆ$0KP”&(Od&'&'(G{ˆ$0"d
*q&f$sKb!&(D/&IDG$*Ÿh‡&'K(”I2i&'O(sKHkO(+Db!Ip+DO(sKHkO(+D*°F(jO
&(%$
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K(1b!F($Hd&'hg&O2
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*°'g0d&(Dy"&N&'O(p(%D†/&H23&'
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bGK(cObRK{(p+KHk&'H•KP€"P+*%$b‡K($(p+O(O“&'I!&'$z&5(jKK(qDOjO
F(QHkO(+Db!p"dDKP23&'F(d&'F(Q{
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¯jO&(g&'g0d&(Dy"O(l0L${†‡D{F(QK(qDKŠOjO&(!"j0{f•Ok{
M M ?>???X?³.~\
]
2.2.1. Sử dụng hệ số phát thải.
n(2€&'5(j5&!0*Ÿh‡&'OjO(G*•H1&("…OH’H2iOFDm"&'(DG"KPp&'
K(cOKLHmfjOH1&("…OHk5(jK*D&(F(QK(qD ±D&'$z&5(jK*D&(F(QK(qDO•
"kK(G*•5(jKK(qDPD/&'
n(D†DLKK(d&'KD&bEOjOO€*`*q&f$sKOd&'&'(DG5&(2Ip+D(”&({ˆ$0"d
*q&f$sK{*q&I2i&'{¦%O•K(mfjOH1&(H2iOI2i&'K(qD5(jK*D&(
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nDIp+D(&(*q&f$sK*OOjOH1&("O5(jKK(qDF(jO&(%$ôIp+DF(QK(qD{
I2i&'b!KQ&(O(sKOl%&O&'O&(r&'HNOK(F(jO&(%$ g0O(Q&(I!O,&O
HmHj&('Dj"DID/&(G'Dr%$jKP&(*q&f$sKb!5(jKK(qD{&'(x%I!K(m(DG&
F(q&,&'5(jKK(qDOl%K&'Ip+D(&(*q&f$sK
nG*5(jKK(qDH2iO$0H1&(K(pK&'"O{K&'&("F(jO&(%$hc%
b!p&'$z&'O5(jK*D&({"OHk&'$0(+D{ƯOl%O(sKK(qD
n'$z&
+ l%(pNOOl%OjOKO(O$OKLF(jO{
+ l%OjO&24O5(jKKPDm&
+ (%"F(qp(G*5(jKK(qDH*h&'KPp&'OjOjpOjpH
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jO(G*&!0H2iOfjOH1&(KP/&O*`OjOFLK$qHpH+OOl%OjO$jKP&(
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2.2.2. Phõn tớch cụng ngh, tớnh toỏn k\ thut
n(2&'5(j5&!0*h&'OjO&'$0/&IJ{KQ&(O(sKbRKIJƠ(%()OOl%
$jKP&(Od&'&'(G
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"NOhO(&'OK(m5(OK+5
n/$O-$&"KPP!&'
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+ q&5(Â"K($H2iOI!%p&(D/${H1&(I2i&'O(&'
+ (sKK(qD{F(QK(qD%p'z"&(r&''à(g&Ip+Db!H1&(I2i&'
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2.3.1. Ngun thụng tin, s liu
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K&(DE$&'$z&F(jO&(%$&(2
- K(cOKLOjO*`{%&(&'!&(
- *IDG$HOd&'N=5#A/=e#7Y=45,KKL
- OjOHEK!D&'(D/&O$jO!Djp
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Đồ án chuyên ngành
- ŠOjOK!DIDG$ˆ$•OKLƒ´{™{™„
- ŠOjOH’ˆ$%K(¢"H1&(
2.3.2 Cơ sở tính toán lượng phát sinh khí thải
n€*`KQ&(Kpj&I2i&'5(jK*D&(F(QK(qDI!*Ÿh‡&'5(2€&'5(j5'Dj&
KDL5eG*•5(jKK(qD
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+ g&*D&(
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Đồ án chuyên ngành
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2.4.1. Định nghĩa về Hệ thống thông tin địa lý - Geographic Information
System( GIS)
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PH#'#FBZ17'<fZ#e#@g&Z<'(FBZB#+$#!FB#F#;
"&1h#*525P$##'(=>)
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K‡OHmI2$KPr{ˆ$q&IJ{HDE$F(Dm&{5(g&KQO({"d(”&((•%b!(Dm&K(1hrIDG$H1%
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2.4.2. Các chức năng cơ bản của hệ thông tin địa lý
2.4.2.1. Nhập dữ liệu
(R5hrIDG$I!"kKO(…O&,&'Ol%ˆ$%H•hrIDG$h24Dh+&'K2€&'Kc
(%0h+&'*•H2iO†DL&H‰D*%&'h+&'*•O•K(m*Ÿh‡&'H2iO†‘&' DGO
&(R5hrIDG$H2iOK(cO(DG&&(3b!pOjOK(DLK†1&(2†!&*•(•%{"j0ˆ$-K{†!&
5(Q"b!OjOO(2€&'KP”&((%0"dH$&&(R5b!O($0m&H‰DhrIDG$Ol%
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Đồ án chuyên ngành
2.4.2.2. Quản lý dữ liệu
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IDG$F(jO&(%$K(23&'PsKK•&F-"bEK(3D'D%&{Od&'*…Ob!KDE&†+O •O(D5(Q
†‘&'KDE&O(pbDGOfg0hc&'O€*`hrIDG$O•K(mI4&(€&(¶&O(D5(Q5(-&O…&'
b!5(-&"E" DE$H•5(-&&!p&•DI/&J&'(x%Ol%bDGOˆ$q&IJhrIDG${
"kKO(…O&,&'ˆ$%&KP)&'Ol%KsKOqOjO(GK(•&'K(d&'KD&H1%IJ (…O&,&'
&!0†%p'z"bDGOK‰O(…OI2$KPrb!KP$0OR5hrIDG$*%pO(p(DG$ˆ$q&(sK
2.4.2.3. Phân tích dữ liệu
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K‰&'(i5Oq(%DIp+DhrIDG$H•`KPp&'O€*`hrIDG$HmK+pP%OjOK(d&'KD&"4D
KPi'D•5OjOˆ$0LKH1&("%&'KQ&(F(d&''D%&
2.4.2.4. Xuất dữ liệu
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5(-5(Dm&K(1{KP”&(†!0OjOFLKˆ$q5(g&KQO(b!"d(”&((•%F(d&''D%&†‘&'
h24Dh+&'†q&Hz{†q&'K($kOKQ&((%0b,&†q&KP/&"!&(”&((%0KP/&OjO
bRKIDG$KP$0E&K(•&'F(jO`OjOK¤IGb!O(sKI2i&'F(jO&(%$KŽ0K($kOb!pOjO
0/$O-$Ol%&'23DhŽ&'b!F(q&,&'Ol%OjOK(DLK†1&(2"!&(”&({"j0D&b!
"j0b°
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|K($RKfg0hc&'OjOO(…O&,&'O“&'PsKF(jO&(%$ €Hz*%$Hg0"dKqˆ$%&
(G'Dr%OjO&(•"O(…O&,&'b!OjO(†Dm$hDy&K(d&'KD&F(jO&(%$Ol%
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K%O•KR5hrIDG$K(d{O•&'(x%I!hrIDG$&!0F(d&'H2iO5(-5j5h‡&'KPcOKDL5
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IDG$*°†DL&H‰DhrIDG$K(dK(!&(hrIDG$O•Os$KP•OHm*Ÿh‡&'KPcOKDL5OjO
O(…O&,&'K”"FDL"b!5(g&KQO(F(d&''D%& LKˆ$qK”"FDL"b!5(g&KQO(
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Od&'O‡&!05(qDO•OjOK(%pKjOI2$KPr{KP$0&(R5«Hz&'K(3DO•F(q&,&'(Dm&
K(1{K2€&'KjOHz()%b4DKsKOqOjOIp+DhrIDG$
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