Nghiên cứu nâng cao trị số octan của xăng bằng các phụ gia không chì và ứng dụng dưới dạng thương phẩm (tt)

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
ĐẠI HỌC ĐÀ NẴNG


NGUYỄN ĐÌNH THỐNG

NGHIÊN CỨU NÂNG CAO TRỊ SỐ OCTAN CỦA
XĂNG BẰNG CÁC PHỤ GIA KHÔNG CHÌ VÀ
ỨNG DỤNG DƢỚI DẠNG THƢƠNG PHẨM



Chuyên ngành: Hoá hữu cơ
Mã số: 62 44 25 01



TÓM TẮT LUẬN ÁN TIẾN SĨ HÓA HỌC




Đà Nẵng - Năm 2014


Công trình được hoàn thành tại
ĐẠI HỌC ĐÀ NẴNG


Người hướng dẫn khoa học 1: GS.TS. Đào Hùng Cường

Người hướng dẫn khoa học 2: PGS.TS. Trần Văn Thắng




Phản biện 1: GS.TSKH. Trần Văn Sung

Phản biện 2: PGS.TS. Nguyễn Đình Lâm

Phản biện 3: PGS.TS. Trần Thu Hương



Luận án được bảo vệ trước Hội đồng chấm luận án tiến sĩ họp tại
Đại học Đà Nẵng vào hồi 08h ngày 16 tháng 01 năm 2015



Có thể tìm hiểu luận án tại:
- Trung tâm Thông tin - Tư liệu, Đại học Đà Nẵng
- Trung tâm Học liệu, Đại học Đà Nẵng

1

A. GIỚI THIỆU LUẬN ÁN

1. Ý nghĩa của luận án
-xã


 




             

ò

t



                
          
không chì .
2. Đối tượng và nhiệm vụ của luận án
- tìm ra etanol,
butanol, MMT, ferrocene, CN120, Antiknock 819    

octan.
-           

.
2


- 

.

- 

3. Những đóng góp mới của luận án
- 
y .
- 
.
- 



-  trình công ngh



B. NỘI DUNG CỦA LUẬN ÁN
Chương 1. Tổng quan
1.Về nhiên liệu xăng
 
.
- 

gia
-  

3

- 



- 



2. Về phụ gia
             
butanol, MMT, ferrocene, Antiknock 819, CN120
-             





- 
.
-             




   

-  



4

Chương 2. Nội dung và phương pháp nghiên cứu
2.1. Nguyên liệu và phụ gia

2.1.1. P
- Etanol 99,5%.
- Butanol 99,8%.
- P.
- P.
- P
- P.
2.1.2. Các 
- 
- 
- 
- 
2.2. Phương pháp nghiên cứu
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 4052
- 
5

Chương 3. Kết quả và thảo luận

3.1. Lựa chọn các mẫu xăng
3.2. Đánh giá chất lượng các loại phụ gia etanol, butanol, MMT,
ferrocene, Antiknock 819, CN120

             
butanol, MMT, ferrocene, An
3.2.1. Etanol
Phân tích -MS
             
-
   





3.2.2. Butanol
-MS
    
  -MS.          
            
   
  -  

6



3.2.3. MMT


1
H-
H


H


13
C-

C

C


C

methylcyclopentadienyl
manganese tricarbonyl. 
 MMT.
3.2.4. Ferrocene
 
1
H-       

5
H
5
-




2

 



2

ppm). yclopentadienyl
 

7

3.2.5. Antiknock 819


1
H-

H
6,55 (d, J = 8,0 Hz), 6,67 (t, J = 8,0
Hz), và 7,18 (t, J = 

H
2,80 (s).

13

C-Antiknock 819 
           
C
112,49 (CH × 2),
117,26 (CH), 128,95 (CH 

3

N-methylaniline và aniline.
3.2.6. CN120

 
1
H-      
metin 
H
           
 
H
        
13
C- 
metin 
C

metin 
C


C


-methylaniline.
* Nhận xét:
             
             
  
  methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl và
c
nâng 
là N-

8

3.3. Chỉ tiêu chất lượng xăng pha etanol






 4
o





Hình 3.8oxy 
C2, C3, C4, C5 vào % vol etanol
* Nhận xét:

8 
. 



9


3.3.3. 

Hình 3.9.  C1, C2, C3, C4,
C5 
* Nhận xét:
- 9 
 
- 

- 
ON 92 theo TCVN 6776:2005.
3.3.4. 

Hình 3.10 
g C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 
* Nhận xét:
10 ng


10

Kết luận 1

- T

            etanol vào
.
- 
th

- Pha 5% etanol vào t1
.
- E

- 
.
3.4. Chỉ tiêu chất lượng xăng RON 90, RON 92 pha phụ gia MMT,
Ferrocene, etanol
3.4.1. 
Kết luận 2
- 

- 
gia MMT và 7%  tích 

- 
và 3% 
theo TCVN 6776:2005.
- phân tích  
          
11



pha.
3.4.2. Pha ferrocene
Kết luận 3
- 


- 
gia ferrocene và 5% 

-               
ferrocene và 3% 

- m
   
.
- qui 

3.5. Chỉ tiêu chất lượng các mẫu xăng RON 90 trước, sau khi pha phụ
gia MMT, ferrocene và butanol
Kết luận 4
- 

            
6776:2005.
- 
u

12

3.6. Chỉ tiêu chất lượng các mẫu xăng trước và sau khi pha phụ gia

CN120, Antiknock 819 và etanol
3.6.1. 
- A1 - B1
- C11 - D4
3.6
XX17

A1, B1, C11, D4 
 
 TCVN 6776:2005
3.6
  gia CN120
các A1, B1, C11, D4 pha 7% etanol, 

1,5%, 2%, 2,5%, 3%, 3,5%, 4%, 4,5%, 5%
 :
3.6


Hình 3.19. A1
7E
, B1
7E
, C11
7E
, D4
7E


13

* Nhận xét: hình 3.19 A1, B1, C11, D4


- A1
7E

           TCVN

- B1
7E

           
6776:2005.
- C11
7E

            
6776:2005.
- D4
7E


3.6

Hình 3.20. A1
7E
,
B1
7E

, C11
7E
, D4
7E

* Nhận xét: 0 A1, B1,
C11, D4 
 h

14


3.6

Hình 3.21
A1
7E
, B1
7E
, C11
7E
, D4
7E
vào
 
* Nhận xét
 ta A1, B1, C11,
D4             
 
005.

Kết luận 5
- 

- 5
 92.
- X             
.
-  

-  RON       5%     
oc
- 
gia CN120 
15

3.6.4. 
, Antiknock 819



, 4%, 4,5%, 5%. 
.
3.6.4

Hình 3.24A1
7E
, B1
7E
,
C11

7E
, D4
7E
Antiknock 819
*Nhận xét: K4 A1, B1, C11, D4 sau khi pha

- A1
7E
Antiknock 819 

- g B1
7E
, Antiknock 819 

pha 2,5% 
theo TCVN 6776:2005.
- C11
7E
Antiknock 819 

- D4
7E
Antiknock 819 

16

3.6.4

Hình 3.25
A1

7E
, B1
7E
, C11
7E
, D4
7E

*Nhận xét:
hình 3.25 A1, B1, C11, D4 sau
         knock 819  
h  theo TCVN 6776:2005.
3.6.4

Hình 3.26A1
7E
,
B1
7E
, C11
7E
, D4
7E

*Nhận xét:
hình 3.26 A1, B1, C11, D4 sau
h
 6776:2005.
17

Kết luận 6
- , RON 92 sau khi pha

 phân t và QCVN 1:2009/BKHCN.
- P
 
- 

RON 95.
- 
 
.
3.7. Đánh giá thành phần khí thải xăng pha etanol, butanol, MMT,
ferrocene, CN120, Antiknock 819
3.7
2
, CO, NO
x


a etanol, butanol, MMT, ferrocene, CN120, Antiknock 819
Bảng 3.37. Kết quả đo thành phần khí thải
TT
Thành phần khí thải
Tên mẫu
CO
2

(ppm)
CO

(ppm)
NO
x

(ppm)
HC
(ppm)

1
C1
C1 (mẫu gốc)
3,56
0,66
11,2
291
C1 + 6%Vol etanol
2,73
0,47
8,8
236

2
D1
D1 (mẫu gốc)
4,59
1,42
17,8
365
D1 + MMT + 7% Vol etanol
3,12

1,01
14,2
267

3
D2
D2 (mẫu gốc)
5,12
1,78
17,5
390
D2 + ferrocene + 7% Vol
etanol
4,05
1,49
15,6
303

4

C8
C8 (mẫu gốc)
5,95
1,68
19,2
290
C8 + ferrocene + 7% Vol
etanol
5,74
1,54

14,6
223
18

5
C9
C9 (mẫu gốc)
5,84
1,59
23,6
340
C9+ MMT + 11% Vol
butanol
5,70
1,40
18,4
286
6


B1

B1 (mẫu gốc)
3,32
5,64
18,1
418
B1 + 7% Vol etanol
+1,5% Vol CN120
3,03

5,21
25,4
321
B1 + 7% Vol etanol
+ 1,5% Vol Antiknock 819
3,11
5,19
25,0
330

7


D4

D4 (mẫu gốc)
5,25
4,78
20,0
492
D4 + 7% Vol etanol
+1,5% Vol CN120
4,97
4,30
26,9
400
D4 + 7% Vol etanol
+ 1,5% Vol Antiknock 819
5,05
4,19

26,2
403
Kết luận 7
1. C    CO, HC   tiêu  
TCVN 6438:2005  - 

2. K gia 


.
3. 

hàm và

3.8. Kết quả phân tích đánh giá chất lượng của xăng pha các loại phụ
gia trong quá trình tồn chứa và bảo quản





19


             


- 
- 
- 

- 
- 120
- 
Kết luận 8

    



         



3.9. Kết quả đánh giá độ tương thích của xăng pha các loại phụ gia ảnh
hưởng đến vật liệu


ng tâm Phân
 
- 
- 
- 
20

- 
- 
            
Antiknock 819
Kết luận 9
- 



         


- 




Chương 4. Nghiên cứu triển khai các qui trình công nghệ pha xăng

 



4.1. Phương án triển khai thực hiện công nghệ sản xuất xăng pha

 
          
      

  
21




819, CN120, MMT


           



        





              
            
 



4.2. Tính giá thành sản phẩm sau pha chế




- 
- 
-  - 
22

là 23.799,5




là  hai tháng.


CÁC KẾT LUẬN CHÍNH CỦA LUẬN ÁN
A. KẾT LUẬN

 

1. 

              
 

-  v
    

  
  

-   :  pha 11    


-  
            

23



- etanol, butanol 

  


6776:2005.
  
          
           


- 
  
etanol và 1,5         
92,0, pha 7  etanol và 3,5  

  
1  
,0 pha 7  
0,5  
- 
    
  
tiêu 
  
1,5  
pha 7  etanol và 2,5  
,9.