Đồ án Tốt nghiệp máy ép Trục Khuỷu 150T

 THIẾT KẾ MÁY ÉP TRỤC KHUỶU 150 TẤN
LỜI NÓI ĐẦU
Sau thời gian học tập ở trường Đại Học Bách Khoa, em đã được các thầy cô trong
khoa Cơ Khí cung cấp rất nhiều kiến thức bổ ích. Và bây giờ khi kiến thức đã đủ,
em đã thiết kế xong Máy Ép Trục Khuỷu 150 Tấn dưới sự hướng dẫn nhiệt tình
của thầy giáo phó giáo sư tiến sỹ Đinh Minh Diệm
Khi thiết kế một máy, nó cung cấp cho sinh viên rất nhiều kĩ năng, không chỉ dừng
lại ở chỗ tính toán mà còn cho thấy những vấn đề cần khắc phục,cần đổi mới ở
các máy cũ. Xa hơn chúng ta có thể sửa chửa máy lúc bị hỏng, tìm được linh kiện
thay thế với chi phí phù hợp.
Tuy nhiên trong quá trình thiết kế tính toán vì còn thiếu kinh nghiệm nên không thể
tránh những sai sót, nhầm lẫn, kính mong thầy cô bạn bè góp ý để đề tài em được
giao hoàn chỉnh cả về phần kết cấu lẫn tính toán. Em xin chân thành cảm ơn.
Đà Nẵng, ngày 20 tháng 01 năm 2013
Sinh viên thiết kế
NHẬN XÉT CỦA GIÁO VIÊN HƯỚNG DẪN:
MỤC LỤC
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CHƯƠNG 1
I _CƠ SỞ LÝ THUYẾT VỀ GIA CÔNG BIẾN DẠNG
$.1. THỰC CHẤT VÀ ĐẶC ĐIỂM GIA CÔNG BIẾN DẠNG
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1.1.1.1. Thực chất.
4.<=4>?@JS6v00G,”9,:;9,89.;=N35.,>0@G.8..,4
04>068KRS.8.VN9,•6I46JG@40,K0,>.,G9,:;9,893Ž.,G2.4.<.–0
‰0$
4.<=4>?@0, ,4^=—.8.,?•G@4J 08.?hJ†I46JG@4
O0@0,84€,G2.Lv4JS6.,GI46JG@43@03>˜L84g4,@3S,y4I>0˜LN
VFJS60,K3‘4,W,?8.HR\00,5I46JG@46SI,<9,8,HK0P,J4†0h.RS
3v=•.H.,Ž$
1.1.1.2. Đặc điểm.
E46JG@44.<O0,5–ˆVLI,44.<I,<,™0,K3‘4,W,?8
IP.,0,:g.6S.š0,K3‘4.N.;ˆJ~ˆ,€0P,.HI46JG@4,:.8.,@0I46JG@4
6z.,20,;ˆ3y3•L,;ˆI,”3:u..8.I,LK>00\0•,:‘I,Pˆ‘.GŠ•?G3Ž.
‹K†ˆ‹.G.;0P,RS0L‘4=•.,404>0$
4.<=4>?@JS6v0˜L80W,VNxL/0.Gˆ€.,G9,i90,\3:u.
.8..,404>0.€IP.,0,:g..,P,x8.ˆ=•620.,404>00M0ˆJ:u9,>J4^L0,/9RS
.,Ž.€0P,.;,‰..G,;R\03Ž.$
€I,N‡=4>0‘.,U.,@0.HI46JG@40,S,0‘.,U.0,gLMˆxG–I,8.
,LJS60‡.;0P,.HVN9,•6$4.<=4>?@.,G‡VL/0.GRW.€
I,N‡.;I,P,€RS0-3v,€.G$
LK,4†ˆ9,:;9,894.<=—89J I,<4.<3:u..,404>0
9,U.0@9ˆI,<[?\93:u..,404>0˜L8JgˆI,<4.<3:u.I46JG@4?š$
1.1.1.3. Các phương pháp gia công biến dạng
%

 THIẾT KẾ MÁY ÉP TRỤC KHUỶU 150 TẤN
8.9,:;9,894.<=4>?@,:.8ˆIiGVu4ˆi9I46JG@4ˆ[0-
?Gˆ[I,L<ˆ?\90/6$
N9,•6.H4.<=4>?@3:u.?•,4•L0G.8.x:O.;I,Pˆ
.,>0@G,G2.V”.,”.,404>068Kˆ0G.8.,S,x‹K?-I4>0Ž.ˆ.tL
3:}$P,I,M4J:u.,404>0[?\90G,S,.,>0@G68K=K.,4>6_T›ˆ
,S,<0<.,4>6]T›ˆS,68K,;4:g..,4>6%T›$
1.1.2 BIẾN DẠNG DẺO CỦA KIM LOẠI.
1.1.2.1. Biến dạng dẽo của kim loại .
a) Khái niệm về biến dạng của kim loại .
":g408.?h.HG@4J I46JG@4VF=4>?@0,’G7443G@M404>9,L
Biến dạng đàn hồiJS=4>?@VLI,40,<408.?hJ ˆR\00OR•,W,?8
=3tL$“L,^4”UVL/0RS=4>?@JS0LK>0P,0L‹0,’G3z,JL\0
GGI’0†3y0,zJS3G@C$
Biến dạng dẻoJS=4>?@VLI,40,<408.?hJ ˆI46JG@4I,<0OR•
,W,?@RS0@0,84=3tL.H€$!4>?@?QGxœKI,4UVL/0.HJ 
08.?hJg,;4g4,@3S,y40†3y0,zJS3G@=$
Biến dạng phá hủyJS=4>?@I,4UVL/0.HJ 08.?hJg,;3v
=•.HI46JG@40,WI46JG@4=49,8,HKO3456.$


HÌNH 1.1.1 : Đồ thị quan hệ giửa lực và biến dạng
A
 THIẾT KẾ MÁY ÉP TRỤC KHUỶU 150 TẤN
b) Biến dạng dẽo trong đơn tinh thể
a
b
c
,:.,Ž03œ=4>0ˆ?:g408.?h.HG@4J ˆI46JG@4=4>?@0,’G
.8.443G@=4>?@3S,y4ˆ=4>?@?FGˆ=4>?@9,8,HK$•K0,’G./L

0Ž.04,0,5.H6‘4JG@4ˆ.8.443G@0†.€0,5xNKRg4.8.6U.3vI,8.
,L$":g43‹KVFI,NGV80.;.,>=4>?@0G3;04,0,5I46JG@4ˆ0†.;VO
3€,4†.UL=4>?@?FG.H.8.I46JG@4RS,u9I46$G3;04,0,5I46
JG@4.8.LK†0”V–9x>90,’G6v00\00-x8.3z,ˆ6‘4LK†0”JL<?G3v
xL˜L,6v0Rz0P.‹=—.H€•,W,•$
Biến dạng đàn hồi của kim loại : ?:g408.?h.HG@4J ˆ6@04,
0,5=z=4>?@$E,4UVL/0V4,0GI46JG@4.,:R:u0˜L84g4,@3S
,y4ˆ.8.LK†0”I46JG@4?z.,.,LK5I,<˜L86v0VMLK†Jt0,<VM
6@•,W,=•ˆ>L0,<408.?hJ ˆ6@04,0,5I46JG@4J@40OR•0@0,84
=3tL$
Biến dạng dẻo của kim loại :I,4UVL/0V4,0GI46JG@4R:u0˜L8
4g4,@3S,y4ˆI46JG@4=z=4>?@?QG?G0:u0RSVG04,$
,’G,W,0,U.0:u0ˆ6v09,t3;04,0,5?z.,.,LK5VGVGRg49,t
.šJ@40,’G6v06209,•,/03z,ˆ6209,•SK‰4JS6209,•0:u0•,W,
.•$†6209,•0:u0.8.LK†0”I46JG@4?z.,.,LK50:;3M4Rg4,L
]
 THIẾT KẾ MÁY ÉP TRỤC KHUỶU 150 TẤN
6v0I,GN3Ž=—6v0VMLK†Jt0,<VM6@$LI,4?z.,.,LK5.8.
LK†0”I46JG@4ORz0P.‹=—6g4ˆ=O4R\KVLI,40,<408.?hJ I46JG@4
I,<0OR•0@0,84=3tL$
Hình 1.1.2 : Sơ đồ biến dạng trong đơn tinh thể
,’G,W,0,U.VG04,ˆ6v09,t04,0,5I46JG@4Rž0:u0Rž˜LK3>
Rz0P6g43M4xURg46v09,t04,0,5˜L6v06209,•‰4JS620VG
04,•,W,?•$8.LK†0”I46JG@4O0†6‘4620?4.,LK56v0I,GN0ŒJ^Rg4
I,GN.8.,3>620VG04,$
,’G.8.,4†.ULJ~0,LK>0RS0, ,4^6.,G0,/K0:u0JS,W,0,U..,H
K>L‹K=4>?@?FG0GI46JG@4ˆ.8.6200:u0JS.8.6209,•.€6‹03v
LK†0”.G,/0$!4>?@?QG?GVG04,‹K/0=i,:I,4.€VG
04,V-0:u0VFxœK0,L\Ju4,;$
c) Biến dạng dẻo trong đa tinh thể

E46JG@4RS,u9I46JS0\9,u9.H,4•L3;04,0,5•,@004,0,5•$/L0Ž.
.H.,Ž3:u.‰4JS./L0Ž.304,0,5$G304,0,5=4>?@?QG.€,4
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1.1.2.2 . CÁC YẾU TỐ ẢNH HƯỞNG ĐẾN TÍNH DẼO VÀ BIẾN DẠNG
CỦA KIM LOẠI.
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./L0Ž.,4•L9,$8.0@9.,/00,:}0\90LO=4†4g4,@0ˆJS60‡x<J^.,
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=• Ảnh hưởng của nhiệt độ.
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.• Ảnh hưởng của ứng suất dư.
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,GS0,4^,;?G3€0P,?QG0‡$
?• Ảnh hưởng của trạng thái ứng suất chính.
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4N6.
’• Ảnh hưởng của tốc độ biến dạng
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1.1.2.3. TRẠNG THÁI ỨNG SUẤT VÀ PHƯƠNG TRÌNH DẺO
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1.1.3. CÁC PHƯƠNG PHÁP GIA CÔNG KIM LOẠI BẰNG ÁP LỰC
1.1.3.1. Rèn tự do.
a)Thực chất$
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HÌNH 1.1.3 : Sơ đồ rèn tự do
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b)Đặc điểm.
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,HK>L?•V”.,™0,K0,>$
c) Thiết bị rèn tự do.
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0,•ˆ68KR\.,LK5Š
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Z[0-?G.€0,504>,S,=—0K,G2.=—68K$Z[0K.,HK>L?•0G
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=S0€9ˆV/ˆ.,20ˆ6 43‰0ˆ$$$
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.,20I,8.$
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3GGS4ˆ3G.,4•LV‹L•ˆ.8.JG@4.G69$
c). Những nguyên công cơ bản khi rèn tự do.
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Nguyên công vuốt:SLK†.<35JS60‡.,4•L?S4RS4N604>0?4^
.H9,<4[ˆ?•35[.8..,404>0?@Mˆ0h.ˆ?806«,KJSLK†.<
.,L•=z.,G.8.LK†.<04>90,’G,:3v0J®ˆxG–ˆLM$,<0,:}I,4
RLM0?•=Ž9,•,:I,4.tRLM0Rg4‡VL/0.G0,W•=Ž?@.,™
,K.L0š$
Nguyên công chồn :SLK†.<,—6JS60‡04>0?4^RSJS64N6
.,4•L.G.H9,<4$€0,:}JSLK†.<.,L•=z.,G.8.LK†.<04>9
0,’G,:3v0J®ˆ0,K?@0,g0G0‘.,U.I46JG@4ˆ.,LK53‘4IP.,0,:g.9,<4$

Nguyên công đột lỗ :>L.,404>03v06«RSv0,WI,<.tJ\09,<40G
˜L80W,3v0$t9,N4.€Rš3^6350,G809,G4$>L.,4•L?SKR\03v0Jg0,W
3v03>ATŸ]T›.,4•LV‹LJ®ˆJ\09,<4]T
C
353v09,t.šJ@4$>L3v0J‘3:}
IP,˜L8Jg•"$YTŸTT66•†?•6 43v0®354N6J 3v0$
A
 THIẾT KẾ MÁY ÉP TRỤC KHUỶU 150 TẤN
v0J®I,<0,<3:u..G4JS443G@3‹L.H3v0J®0,<ˆVG35=4>0
3:u..,4•LV‹LJ®3œ3v00,W0†6 43v0RS0h3^69,N43:u.I,–.?/L$E,<
?•3:u.6 43v0®$
1.1.3.2. Dập thể tích
a)Khái niệm chung
"\90,50P.,JS9,:;9,894.<89J 0G3€I46JG@4=4>?@
0G6v0I,<4,@.,>=O4=•620JšI,L<$
HÌNH 1.1.4 : Sơ đồ kết cấu của một bộ khuôn rèn
|E,L<[1|ZN,.,U=R47|I,L<?:g4
w|,L<43L<4iY|šI,L<%|”=R4
“L80W,=4>?@.H9,<40GJšI,L<3:u..,40,S,744
3G@$443G@3tL.,4•L.G.H9,<44N6ˆI46JG@4=4>?@RS.,NKxL
˜L,ˆ0,’G9,:;0,•3U9,<4.,zLUVL/0iˆ.š9,:;.,zL
UVL/0IiG$443G@,4I46JG@4=–03tLJ[IP.”=R4ˆI46JG@4.,zLU
VL/0iI,M4ˆ62004>94894™”I,L<0†RS?:g4.,:89V80RSG
,L$443G@.LM4I46JG@4.,zLUVL/0iI,M404^035ˆ34•3tK,™9,t
V‹LRS6«.HJšI,L<9,tI46JG@40,žVF0S˜L.”=R4RSGœ,
.,U=R4.,G3>JŽ.,4=•620.HI,L<89V80RSG,L$
]
 THIẾT KẾ MÁY ÉP TRỤC KHUỶU 150 TẤN
L3456.H9,:;9,89?\90,50P.,JS.€0,50@G9,<4.€,W,?@9,U.
0@9,;[0-?G$‡VL/0.G?¯.;I,P,€RS0-3v,€$,/0J:uVN9,•6

3y3•LRS.GˆP09,h0,Lv.0K,•.<,‹$
,:u.3456.H9,:;9,89JS0,4>0=z.t.€.<VL/0.Gˆ3v.UR™
RS3v.,P,x8..G$,49,P.,>0@GI,L<.GˆI,L<JS6R4^.0G34•LI4^
,4^03vRS89J .G$!O4R\K?\90,50P.,.,HK>L?•0GVNxL/0,SJG@0
RS,SI,M4$
b) Thiết bị dập thể tích .
,4>0=z?•0G?\90,50P.,=Gy6,4•LJG@4I,8.,L,:0,4>0=zLˆ
0,4>0=zR\.,LK5ˆ68K.–09,<4ˆ0,4>0=zJS6Lv4ˆ0,4>0=zI4560Š"\90,5
0P.,3š4,«49,N4.€J ?\9Jgˆ=O4R\K.8.68K?\99,N4.€.<VL/0Jg3v
.UR™.H68K.G$+2.I,8.ˆ?GK†L.tLI,4?\9I,L<0†RSI,L<?:g4
9,N43z,Rz.,P,x8.Rg4,Lˆ.,LK53v.H3tL0:u068K?\99,N4.,P,
x8.ˆP0‹K.,/3v$G?\90,50P.,0,<?h,/0JSV”?h.8.JG@468K
VL+8K=Ž,;4:g.|I,<I,Piˆ68Ki90h.I,LlL68Ki90,HKJ ˆ68K
i96V800h.RP0$
c) Công nghệ dập thể tích.
|L°0,Lv.6U.3v9,U.0@9.HR\0?\9ˆ˜L80W,?\9.€0,504>,S,˜L
,G2.,4•LJšI,L<$,<0,:}ˆRg4.8.R\0?\99,U.0@9ˆ˜L80W,?\93:g.
04>,S,˜L.8.LK†.<?\9V;=vˆ?\9=804,ˆ?\904,$
1.1.3.3. Công nghệ dập tấm.
a)Khái niệm chung .
●Thực chất.
"\90/6JS6v09,:;9,894.<89J 04†04>35.,>0@G.8.VN9,•6
,G2..,404>0=—R\0J4^L0/6ˆ0,i9=N,G2.0,i9?N4$
_
 THIẾT KẾ MÁY ÉP TRỤC KHUỶU 150 TẤN
"\90/63:u.04>,S,O0@0,84Lv4•0ž0,i9..=G.€±T66•
†.š‰4JS?\9Lv4$
\0J4^L?•0G?\90/60,i9.8.=Gˆ0,i9,u9I466•6ˆ3yRS,u9
I463yˆ,<6RS,u9I46,<6ˆ4I’ˆ0,4>.ˆ.,W$$$RSR\0J4^L9,4I46,:4/K
..0<ˆ†=<P0ˆ²49ˆ64‡ˆ?$$$$

● Đặc điểm
‡VL/0JG3v.Gˆ?¯0-3v,€RS.;I,P,€$,LK53v.H
0,4>0=z3;4Nˆ.<,‹I,<.t0W,3v.Gˆ3N6=NG3v.,P,x8..G$€
0,5?\93:u.,™.,404>09,U.0@9RS3¬9.€3v=•.GŠ
● Công dụng
|"\90/63:u.?•vœ40G.8.S,.<,4^9ˆ32.=4^0,S,
.,>0@G68K=Kˆ<,4^9ˆ<0<ˆ0,4>0=z34^ˆ?‹?h$$$$
b) Thiết bị dập tấm.
,4>0=z?\90/60,:;.€,4JG@468Ki90h.I,LlLRS68Ki90,HKJ $
LK•3v.H0h.I,LlLJS0LK•3v.UˆI,GN,S,0W,.H68K
I,<.,>.,P,x8.†VN9,•6?\90/6.€.,/0J:u.GRS3y3•L$E,4
3v.;˜LK0h.I,LlL.€0,53:u.34•LI,45=—=S3@9ˆI,4I,<JS6R4^.
.G0:u0ORz0P.G,/03Q?¯0,8GJ–9VN9,•6RS3:9,<4RSG$
+8Ki90,LlLJ .€./L0@G9, 0@9ˆJ i9.€0zVMJg•0žRS4.,h.0/
3>,S0‡60/•†0,:}?•35.,>0@G.8..,404>0Jgˆ9,U.0@9ˆK†L.tL
.,/0J:u.GRS,K?L0G9,š0,P,4^6$+8Ki90,LlLJ .€0,5.€.;
./L?•3v.,/0J«4†0ž68K=;6,G2..€0,5?³.,/0J«.€89VL/0.G
,\3:u.0ž0@6=;6.€=W,0™89$
c) Công nghệ dập tấm :
1T
 THIẾT KẾ MÁY ÉP TRỤC KHUỶU 150 TẤN
|<,^?\90,50P.,3:u.32.0:=O4LK†.<.–03U0RSLK†
.<0@G,W,$
LK†.<.–0JSLK†.<.–09,t.H9,<4I,«49,tI46JG@4.,Lˆ
LK†.<SK.€7JG@4.–03U0ˆ.–09,<4ˆ3v0J®$
,€6.8.LK†.<0@G,W,JS.8.LK†.<?z.,.,LK56v09,t.H
9,<43M4Rg49,tI,8.6S9,<4I,<=z9,8,HK$LK†.<0@G,W,y6.8.
LK†.<LMˆLK†.<?\9RLM0ˆ0€964^ˆ4NvˆR4•6i9ˆ,i9
6M4ˆ64>0$
LK†.<LMJSLK†.<JS60,K3‘4,:g.H0h.9,<4$G˜L8

0W,LM.GJg9I46JG@49,P0†=ziˆ9,P?g4=zIiGˆO4™I,<=z
i,KIiG‰4JSJg90L,GS$E,4=8IP,LM.G.S=i0,W6U.3viRS
IiG.SJg.€0,5JS6.,GR\0=zLM.G=zU0Q$Ž.SKJg90L,GS.€xL
,:g?z.,R•9,PLM.G$
LK†.<?\9RLM0JS9,:;9,89.,>0@G.8..,404>0.€?@,W,0h.®
.€,W,?@=/0IW0ž9,<40,•RS3:u.04>,S,0†.8.I,L<?\9RLM0$E,4
?\9RLM0.€0,5JS66«0,S,,G2.I,<JS66«0,S,$
HÌNH 1.1.5 : Sơ đồ dập vuốt
1
 THIẾT KẾ MÁY ÉP TRỤC KHUỶU 150 TẤN
• ,SKi91|S,i97|,<4w|E,L<i9
II_GIỚI THIỆU VỀ CÁC LOẠI MÁY ÉP TRONG RÈN DẬP
1.2.1. GIỚI THIỆU VÀ ỨNG DỤNG CỦA MÁY ÉP.
1.2.1.1. GIỚI THIỆU .
+8Ki9JS0,4>0=z.;I,P?•354.<89J 6S.<=4>?@3:u.
VNV4,,}0LK•3v.;I,Pˆ0LK•3v6V80,K89J .,/0J«$+v0
0G.8.0,<VM˜L0‰.H68Ki9JSJ i9$ i90,5,4^9,tSGIP.,
0,:g.RS.<VL/0.H68K$+8Ki9.€0,5.€J i9?,,´0ž/0,«ˆ?:g4
1YEˆ3>/0JgˆTTTTTE$+8Ki9?•35?\90/6ˆ?\90,50P.,€ˆLv4ˆ.–0
9,<40/6ˆ9,<40,,RS,4•LLK†.<I,8.$
8.JG@468Ki90,:}?•0GIl,^[?\9JS68Ki90,HKJ ˆ68K
i90h.I,LlLˆ68Ki90h.RP06V80ˆ68Ki9=Ž,;4$+8Ki96V800h.RP0.€
J i90žwTŸ%7T0/$+8K=Ž,;4:g.I,<I,Pi9.€I,M4J:u;40žYTTŸ
w7TTTI$+8Ki90,HKJ .€J i9?,,Œ3>%TTT0/+8Ki90h.I,LlL
0ž1TTŸTTTT0/$
1.2.1.2. Ứng dụng của máy ép .
+8Ki93:u.U?h/0vœ4RS9,‘=4>0G,4•L,S,.<
,4^9,:.<,4^9.,>0@G68KRS?h.hˆ.<,4^9x‹K?-ˆ.<
,4^90, 9,•6$$$
1.2.2. CÁC LOẠI MÁY ÉP THƯỜNG DÙNG

1.2.2.1. Máy ép ma sát trục vít.
11
 THIẾT KẾ MÁY ÉP TRỤC KHUỶU 150 TẤN
+8Ki90h.RP06V800,Lv.JG@468K[.€.;./L0LK•6V80$+8Ki9
RP06V80Rg4.;./L0LK•13´,W,.<ˆ1.GJ‡ˆ.GJ‡ˆ6v03´ˆ,43´ˆ
=3´$LK†J~08.?h.H0/0.N68Ki9RP06V80,:,L,}6<6’6
V80ORS,0G,KRS,GS4.H=8,3Sˆ?Gi9.GJ‡,G2.3´6V80J†
9,PSK,G2.9,PI4.H=8,3S6S0h.RP0•J4†,^Rg4=8,3S•.,LK53v
0,’G9,PSK,G2.9,PI,8.$
8.68Ki90h.RP0.€J i90žwT3>%7T0/$
a) Đặc điểm của máy ép ma sát trục vít.
Ưu điểm+8Ki96V800h.RP0.€.,LK53v3tL0:u0†6ˆ0M.3vi9
I,<Jg†I46JG@4=4>?@0ž0žRS04^035,;ˆ,S,0W,JS6R4^.34•L
.,Œ,0G9,@6R4I,8v$E>0./L3;4Nˆ?¯.,>0@Gˆ480,S,F$
Nhược điểm‡VL/0I,<.GˆJ i90@G3:u.I,<Jgˆ.,:.€0P,
0-3v,€.G$
b) Sơ đồ nguyên lý máy ép ma sát trục vít.
17
 THIẾT KẾ MÁY ÉP TRỤC KHUỶU 150 TẤN
LK†J~JS6R4^..H68K,:VL3v.;0LK•.,LK53v˜L=v
0LK•34•1•JS6˜LK0h.•w•0†3€.€J–9.8.3´6V80•7•RS•Y•$E,4,/
=S3@9••ˆ.t34•LI,45•T•34J†3•K0h.•w•?z.,V=†9,N4RS3´6
V80•7•04>9xŽ.Rg4=8,6V80•%•JS60h.RP0˜LK0,’G.,4•L0,L\3:3tL=Ž
34xLM$E,43>Rz0P.LM4.H,S,0W,i9R/L•]•0°RSG.™•_•JS6.,G.t
34•LI,45•T•34xLM3•K0h.•w•˜L084RS3´6V80•Y•0°RSG=8,6V80
•%•JS6.,G0h.RP0˜LK0,’G.,4•L:u.J@43:3tL0:u034J†3>.™,S,
0W,•A•ˆ.t•T•J@43:u.,/.J†ˆ0h.•w•3:u.3•KV9,N4J29J@4˜L80W,
0†$
4^.4™0‰J:u9,t3vORz0P=†0†JS,}9,,3408.?h
.;I,P,G2.0,HKJ ˆRS.H.€0,5,}RSG.;./L9,‹9,M4$ 0@GJg,K

,«9,h0,Lv.RSG,S,0W,.<08.ˆ6S,S,0W,.<08.J@49,h0,Lv.RSG
0OJ =4>?@.HI46JG@4$0OJ .HR\0?\9.SJgˆJ 0@GI,4?\9.S
Jg$
+8Ki9RP06V80JS6=4>?@I46JG@4,;‡J:u?-0™3:u.O.8.
9,t3v•.,HK>L,}‡J:uˆ.,LK53v˜LK.H=8,3S•0G6v0
,S,0W,$G,S,0W,3€‡J:u,GS0GS04†L0,h,>0$
c) Ứng dụng .
+8Ki96V800h.RP03:u.?•Rg4.8.LK†.<ˆ.<,^I,8.
,Lˆ0G?\90,50P.,€RSLv40GI,L<IPRS,•ˆ.8.LK†.<
?\90/6Lv4ˆ?•35?\9‘4ˆ–ˆ04,.,Œ,.8..,404>0=—I46JG@46SL$
1.2.3.3. Máy ép thủy lực .
+8Ki90,HKJ JS6v0JG@468K[?\9?•.,/0J«•?tL,G2.,;4:g.•
.€89VL/0.G350, ,4^R4^.0LK•?³0@G.,LK53vRSJ i9Jg.,G
?tLi9.H68Kˆ350@G89VL/0.G.,G.,/0J«0?•=;6.G89$
a) Đặc điểm của máy ép thủy lực
Ưu điểm68Ki90,HKJ I,<.,Œ0@GJ i90´,ˆ68KJS6R4^.†6ˆ
I,<.,/3v6S.š.€I,N‡0@G89J 08.?hJg,;=/0I°JG@4
68KSG$E456VG803:u.0M.3v.,LK53v.H3tL0:u0$
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 THIẾT KẾ MÁY ÉP TRỤC KHUỶU 150 TẤN
Nhược điểmI>0./L68K9,U.0@9ˆRM3tL0:JgˆI,L<.,>0@G9,U.0@9ˆ
.,49,P.G$
b) Sơ đồ nguyên lýmáy ép thủy lực .
LK†J~JS6R4^..H68K,:VL3v.;0LK•.,LK53<JS6
˜LK=;6?tL1ˆJ/K0ž=5?tL1˜LR0SRSR04>0J:L3>,^0,MR
9,‹9,M4%0,’G3:}?³?tL3>$‚4J,A0, ,4^˜L80W,i93•K3tL
0:u0]34xLMˆ3y0,}4?tL0,’G3:}M˜LR9,‹9,M435R•J@4=5
.,U?tL1$,S,0W,R•.H94V0GVF0,’G.,4•L:u.J@40U.JSRSGx4J,
0,’G3:}MRSI,«4x4J,O3:}M$-3NG.,4•L.H94V0G3:u.
34•LI,45=O4,^0,MR9,‹9,M4%$

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